PastSearch Newsletter Issue 57: September 2017

Welcome to PastSearch Newsletter

You can find a downloadable version at www.pastsearch-archaeo-history.co.uk

Contents

August Round Up...... 1 August Round Up What’s Happening in September...... 1 Snippets from Arthur’s In the July Round Up stated that we were waiting for the harvest before site Guide to ...... 2 work could get underway. August ended up being a busy month for site Cave Paintings at work, including monitoring stanchion holes to conclude the Full Sutton site, Lascaux...... 4 monitoring two sites in Holme on Spalding Moor and finding a human burial This Month in on the Yorkshire Wolds. History...... 5 British Monarchs ...... 6 As yet the periodof this buial and the gender of the human remains are to be HOSM Local History determined, they will be sent to an oesteologist who will write an assessment Society...... 6 for the report and a synopsis will be included in a later Newletter issue. Picture This...... 7 Just For Fun...... 7 Unfortunately this month’s talk at HOSM Social Club had to be cancelled Dates for Your Diary...... 8 due to site commitments, the talk on 19th Century will be added Just for Fun to the 2018 Programme. Answers...... 8 What’s Been In The News...... 9 Adverts...... 10 What’s Happening in September

September looks to be another busy month for site work, projects include watching briefs at Rowley, just outside Hull and Shiptonthorpe, and trial trenches at Seaton Ross.

Post excavation work will also be underway for the sites undertaken through August, including sending environmental samples and human skeleton to specialist. Also a lot of research and report writing will be required.

This month’s talk (11 September) at HOSM Social Club will be looking at how archaeology has helped to understand the history of the Beverley area, from Iron Age to modern times.

1 Snippets from Arthur’s Guide to York

THE CHEMISTS Are in no way inferior to their confreres of other towns. Amongst them are GEO. COVERDALE, 23, . R. BROOM, .

THE STATIONERS & BOOKSELLERS Who in most cases are also Printers, are MR. J. SAMPSON, 13, ARTHUR’S Stationary Warehouse, 20 & 27, . Messrs. SESSIONS, Low .

Arthur’s Guide to York c. 1898

George Coverdale 1885 – 26 Claremont Terrace – George Coverdale, chemist’s assistant. (York Directory) 1893 – 65 – George Coverdale, pharmaceutical chemist. (Kelly’s Directory) 1893 – 23 Parliament Street – George Coverdale, pharmaceutical & dispensing chemist. (Kelly’s Directory) 1895 – 65 Gillygate – George Coverdale, pharmaceutical chemist, druggist. (Whites Directory) 1893 – 23 Parliament Street – George Coverdale, pharmaceutical chemist, druggist. (Whites Directory) 1893 – & Ripon, home = Laurel Bank, Scarcroft Road. (Whites Directory) 1913 – 66 Clarence Street – Coverdale & Sons Ltd, cash chemists. (Kelly’s Directory) 1913 – 7 Gillygate – Coverdale & Sons Ltd, chemists. (Kelly’s Directory) 1913 – 19 & 20 Parliament Street – Coverdale & Sons Ltd, chemists. (Kelly’s Directory)

R. Broom 1885 – 18 Church Street/1 Patrick Pool – Thomas Broom, Chemist. (York Directory)

John Sampson 1885 – 13 Coney Street – John Sampson, Proprietor of Sampson’s Subscription Library, bookseller, printer, stationer, newsagent, fine arts repository. (York Directory) 1889 – 13 Coney Street – John Sampson, Proprietor of Sampson’s Subscription Library, bookseller, printer, stationer, newsagent, fine arts dealer, carver, gilder, engraver (Kelly’s Directory) 1889 – Book Stall at Railway Station – John Sampson, bookseller. (Kelly’s Directory)

2 John Sampson (cont) 1895 – 13 Coney Street – John Sampson, Proprietor of North of England Circulating Library, bookseller, printer, stationer, newsagent, fine art gallery, carver, gilder, lithographer, relief stamper, advertising agent, fancy show rooms, picture framer (Whites Directory) 1895 – Book Stall at Railway Station – John Sampson, bookseller. (Whites Directory) 1895 – Home = 44 The Mount. (Whites Directory)

Arthur 1885 – 27 Davygate – Arthur & Son, booksellers and stationers. (York Directory) 1889 – 20 Davygate – Arthur & Co, music sellers. (Kelly’s Directory) 1889 – 27 Davygate – Arthur & Co, booksellers etc. (Kelly’s Directory) 1889 – 27 Davygate – Arthur & Co, music sellers, booksellers etc. (Whites Directory)

Messrs Sessions 1885 – 15& 16 Low Ousegate – William Sessions, printer, publisher, bookseller, stationer. (York Directory) 1889 – 15& 16 Low Ousegate – William Sessions, bookseller. (Kelly’s Directory) 1895 – 30 Coney Street – William Sessions, printer, bookseller, stationer. (Whites Directory) 1913 – 3 – William Sessions, printer, bookbinder, account book manu., advertising agent, stationer. (Whites Directory)

3 Cave Paintings Found in Lascaux

A collection of cave paintings, estimated to be 20,000 years old, being of the Palaeolithic period, were discovered in a complex cave system at Lascaux in the Dodogne region of France on 12 September 1940.

These painting depict hunting scenes and show animals which were once native to the region, these include horses, stags, cattle, bison, felines, bird, bear, rhinoceros and a human.

There have been 147 prehistoric sites and 25 painted caves found in the Vézère Valley area which were added to the UNESCO World Heritage Sites list in 1979.

Unfortunately these paintings are now at risk, as since 2000 a fungus has been growing within the caves. Possible causes for this are the air conditioning system, high-powered lights and the high number of visitors. In 2006 black mold was also evident.

In 2008 the caves were closed, even to the scientist for 3 months, only one person was allowed to monitor the caves once a week.

In 2016 a symposium was held in Paris to discuss the future preservation of these paintings.

References used: http://www.lascaux.culture.fr/?lng=en http://www.bradshawfoundation.com/lascaux/ http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/85 http://www.medicographia.com/2014/11/a-t-o-u-c-h-o-f-f-r-a-n-c-e-lascaux-preserving-a-20-000-year-old-legacy-of-paleolithic- art/

4 This Month in History (September)

Below, is at least one event for each day of this month from around the world.

Links for more information about each of these events can be found by visiting the relevant page on the PastSearch website.

You can also find out about other events which have happened in history for each day of the year.

Start your search by using this link: http://pastsearch-archaeo-history.co.uk/on-this-day/

Date Year Country Event 1 1789 York Prince of Wales given freedom to the city, whilst visiting York 2 1916 UK Zeppelin shot down by Lieutenant W. Leefe Robinson (WWI). 3 1935 USA Sir Malcolm Campbell became first person to drive an automobile over 300mph, Bonneville Salt Flats, Utah. 4 1944 Belgium Antwerp liberated by British 11th Armoured Division (WWII). 5 1800 Malta Surrendered to GB by French. 6 1522 Spain The Victoria became first ship to circumnavigate the world, only surviving ship of Ferdinand Magellan’s expedition. 7 1889 York Train ran into buffers on Platform 6, York Station, 13 killed. 8 1967 UK Formal end of steam locomotives in North East England by British Railways. 9 9 Roman Empire Battle of the Teutoburg Forest (Roman-Germanic Wars). 10 1846 USA Elias Howe granted patent for sewing machine. 11 2007 Russia “Father of All Bombs” tested. 12 2005 Hong Kong Disneyland opened at Penny’s Bay, Lantau Island. 13 122 Roman Empire Building of Hadrian’s Wall started. 14 1777 York Earthquake shocks felt in York. 15 1968 USSR Zond 5 spaceship launched. 16 1400 Wales Owain Glyndŵr declared Prince of Wales. 17 1176 Turkey Battle of Myriokephalon (Byzantine-Seljuq Wars). 18 1809 UK Royal Opera House (2nd Theatre) opened in London. 19 1934 USA Bruno Hauptmann arrested for the kidnap and murder of Charles Lindbergh Jr. 20 1835 Brazil Ragamuffin War began. 21 1792 France Declared a Republic, monarchy abolished. 22 1955 UK Television channel ITV went live. 23 1779 GB Battle of Flamborough Head (Anglo-French War). 24 1906 USA Devils Tower, Wyoming became first US national Monument. 25 1868 Denmark Imperial Russian steam frigate Alexander Nevsky sank off Jutland. 26 1580 England Sir Francis Drake completed his circumnavigation of the earth. 27 1331 Poland Battle of Płowce (Polish-Teutonic War). 28 935 Bohemia Wenceslaus I murdered. 29 1829 UK Metropolitan Police founded in London. 30 1938 Germany Munich Agreement signed.

5 British Monarchs – Edmund

Name: King Edmund Born: c.922 Parents: Edward the Elder and Edgiva House of: Wessex Ascended to the throne: October 27, 940 Crowned: November 29, 940 at Kingston-upon-Thames, aged c.18 Married: 1) Elgiva (2) Ethelfleda Children: 2 sons Edwy and Edgar Died: May 26, 946 at Pucklechurch near Bath (murdered) Buried at: Glastonbury Reigned for: 5 years, 6 months, and 28 days Succeeded by: his brother Edred

Regained control of Mercia, which had fallen to the Norse inhabitants of Northumbria, and of the Five Boroughs. He also subdued the Norsemen in Cumbria and extended his rule to southern Scotland.

In 943 he became the god-father to Olaf of York (King of Northumbria and Dublin).

King Edmund allowed St. Dunstan to reform the Benedictine order when he became abbot of Glastonby Abbey in 945.

King Edmund was killed 26 May 946 at Pucklechurch, Gloucestershire, by Leofa, an exiled robber

References used: https://www.britroyals.com/kings.asp?id=edmund https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edmund_I

HOSM Local History Society

Meetings are held on the 3rd Monday of each month at the Social Club, next door to the Village Hall, High Street.

Start time 7.00pm

Price £2.00 2017

18 Sept – A Victorian Classroom – Chris Cade 16 Oct – TBC – Russell Marwood Last Month’s Talk – 21 August 20 Nov – TBC – Phil Judkin Due to a power cut in part of the village, the meeting was held at the Methodist Church. Dec – No Meeting Following a short AGM, Karen Adams gave a talk on the Welham Bridge area, which included some examples of pottery and iron slag which could be found in the area.

6 Picture This Just For Fun

This is Colin the digging hamster, he is hiding on one of the pages in this newsletter, can you find him?

Word Search

Bowes Morrell House Named after one of the co-founders of the York Civic Trust, Dr. John Bowes Morrell, who formerly owned the property. Built c.1400 within the graveyard of St. Peter in the Willow, the church itself was demolished c.1547. It had been used as offices by the Council for British Archaeology, now owned by .

Do You Know Where This Is?

Answer in Issue 58 Answers on page 8

7 Dates for Your Diary

11 Sept PastSearch – Karen Adams – 9 Oct PastSearch – Karen Adams – Restoration Beverley Area 1.00pm (see advert of York Walls 1.00pm (see advert p.15) p.14) 18 Sept HOSM Local History Society – A 16 Oct HOSM Local History Society – TBC– Victorian Classroom – Chris Cade, Russell Marwood, 7.00pm 7.00pm 23 Sept Battle of Stamford Bridge Commemoration – 11.00am-4.00pm

If you have an event you would like to include in Dates for Your Diary, please send to Karen at [email protected]

Just For Fun Answers

Find Colin on page 9

8 What’s Been in the News These articles were shared on Facebook during the last month. To see similar articles as they come into the news follow PastSearch on Facebook.

Historic York building undergoing Thousand-year-old Viking fortress reveals a renovation technologically advanced society

“When archaeologists uncovered four ancient ring-shaped fortresses in Denmark in the 1930s, the find profoundly changed the way they “The Assembly Rooms, in Blake Street, which thought about the Vikings that built them. dates back to the 1730s and is now home to Rather than mindless marauders, Vikings in the York’s Ask Italian restaurant , has been closed Middle Ages must have been a complex, since July 2. technologically advanced people to build these An inspection revealed problems with the fortifications. Now, Danish archaeologists have centuries old plaster ceiling, parts of which were described a fifth ring fortress—the first such in danger of pulling away from their support.” discovery in more than 60 years.” Read more at: Read more at: http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2017/08/thous http://www.yorkpress.co.uk/news/15455093.His and-year-old-viking-fortress-reveals- toric_York_building_undergoing_renovation/ technologically-advanced-society

French dig unearths 'little Pompeii' near Miles of forgotten first world war trenches Lyon unearthed in England

“The full extent of the networks of trenches and AFP defensive fortifications built in England during “The ruins of an ancient Roman neighbourhood the first world war has been revealed in the first of luxury homes and vast public spaces have major survey of its kind.” been found by archaeologists in south-eastern France.” Read more at:

Read more at: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/aug/0 http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe- 5/miles-of-forgotten-trenches-dug-in-england- 40800527 during-first-world-war-unearthed- again?CMP=Share_iOSApp_Other

9 What’s Been in the News - Cont

Plans to demolish power station are revealed Shakespeare's theatre to be built in York in European first

“Plans have been submitted to demolish a major power plant in North Yorkshire. “A replica Shakespearean theatre will be built in The coal-fired Eggborough Power Station, near the centre of York next summer, in a European Selby, has been at risk of closure since 2013 and first that tourism bosses are hailing as a massive was considered financially unsustainable, as coup for the city.” bosses said it needed to find about £200 million of additional funding by 2019 to continue Read more at: generating power.” http://www.yorkpress.co.uk/news/15456024.Sha kespeare__39_s_theatre_to_be_built_in_York_i Read more at: n_European_first/ http://www.yorkpress.co.uk/news/15447067.Pla ns_to_demolish_power_station_are_revealed/

‘Nothing short of criminal’: Fury at plans to bulldoze landmark York pub

“As handsome now as it was when built in the 1880s, this popular York pub could soon be bulldozed to the ground. And people from councillors to conservation groups to locals are queuing up to condemn the plan.”

Read more at: https://www.yorkmix.com/life/nothing-short- criminal-fury-plans-bulldoze-landmark-york- pub/

10 Visit the PastSearch Website

Have you visited the PastSearch Website? Here you will find information on the archaeological services, talks and workshops available from PastSearch.

There are also reports, newsletters and other pdf files to download for free.

Go to http://pastsearch-archaeo- history.co.uk/ Or access on mobile phone by scanning

Follow PastSearch on Facebook and Twitter

https://www.facebook.com/PastSearch- 109488651355/

https://twitter.com/PastSearch

11 Archaeological Services

http://pastsearch-archaeo-history.co.uk/archaeological-services/

PastSearch offers archaeological services including Heritage Statements, Written Scheme of Investigations, Watching Briefs and Evaluations, working in the North Yorkshire and East Riding.

With 30 years of local knowledge, PastSearch aims to provide a reliable and flexible service regarding small and medium sized projects, including private and commercial developments. We also aim to keep costs to the client at a reasonable rate whilst maintaining professional standards.

CAD Illustration service also available.

For more information please email: [email protected] or ring Karen on 07811 877 469.

12 Presentations, Workshops and Walking Tours

http://pastsearch-archaeo-history.co.uk/illustrated-talks/

There are currently 27 illustrated talks available which can be booked by groups and societies, and the list keeps growing!!

Workshops are also available and can be adapted to suit your group’s needs.

Alternatively if your group would like to explore areas of York on foot, tours can also be individually created.

For more information please email: [email protected] or ring Karen on 07811 877 469.

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