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2011, Article ID 423938, 16 Pages Doi:10.4061/2011/423938
SAGE-Hindawi Access to Research International Journal of Evolutionary Biology Volume 2011, Article ID 423938, 16 pages doi:10.4061/2011/423938 Research Article A Macroevolutionary Perspective on Multiple Sexual Traits in the Phasianidae (Galliformes) Rebecca T. Kimball, Colette M. St. Mary, and Edward L. Braun Department of Biology, University of Florida, P.O. Box 118525, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA Correspondence should be addressed to Rebecca T. Kimball, [email protected]fl.edu Received 2 October 2010; Accepted 26 February 2011 Academic Editor: Rob Kulathinal Copyright © 2011 Rebecca T. Kimball et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Traits involved in sexual signaling are ubiquitous among animals. Although a single trait appears sufficient to convey information, many sexually dimorphic species exhibit multiple sexual signals, which may be costly to signalers and receivers. Given that one signal may be enough, there are many microevolutionary hypotheses to explain the evolution of multiple signals. Here we extend these hypotheses to a macroevolutionary scale and compare those predictions to the patterns of gains and losses of sexual dimorphism in pheasants and partridges. Among nine dimorphic characters, including six intersexual signals and three indicators of competitive ability, all exhibited both gains and losses of dimorphism within the group. Although theories of intersexual selection emphasize gain and elaboration, those six characters exhibited greater rates of loss than gain; in contrast, the competitive traits showed a slight bias towards gains. The available models, when examined in a macroevolutionary framework, did not yield unique predictions, making it difficult to distinguish among them. -
Mary River Environmental Values and Water Quality Objectives Basin No
ATTACHMENT 4 Attachment 4, Item 3, Planning & Organisation Committee Agenda, 2 February 2016 Environmental Protection (Water) Policy 2009 Mary River environmental values and water quality objectives Basin No. 138, including all tributaries of the Mary River July 2010 Document Set ID: 20002123 Version: 1, Version Date: 21/12/2015 Prepared by: Water Quality & Ecosystem Health Policy Unit Department of Environment and Resource Management © State of Queensland (Department of Environment and Resource Management) 2010 This publication is available in alternative formats (including large print and audiotape) on request. Contact (07) 322 48412 or email <[email protected]> July 2010 Document Ref Number Document Set ID: 20002123 Version: 1, Version Date: 21/12/2015 Main parts of this document and what they contain • Scope of waters covered Introduction • Key terms / how to use document (section 1) • Links to WQ plan (map) • Mapping / water type information • Further contact details • Amendment provisions • Source of EVs for this document Environmental Values • Table of EVs by waterway (EVs - section 2) - aquatic ecosystem - human use • Any applicable management goals to support EVs • How to establish WQOs to protect Water Quality Objectives all selected EVs (WQOs - section 3) • WQOs in this document, for - aquatic ecosystem EV - human use EVs • List of plans, reports etc containing Ways to improve management actions relevant to the water quality waterways in this area (section 4) • Definitions of key terms including an Dictionary explanation table of all (section 5) environmental values • An accompanying map that shows Accompanying WQ Plan water types, levels of protection and (map) other information contained in this document iii Document Set ID: 20002123 Version: 1, Version Date: 21/12/2015 CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................ -
Mary River Environmental Values and Water Quality Objectives (Plan)
! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! M A R Y R I V E R , I N C L U D I N G A L L T R I B U T A R I E S O F T H E R I V E! R ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Basin 138 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 152°E 152°20'E ! 152°40'E 153°E ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! H E R V E Y B AY ! ! ! B ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Grego R ! ! ry i ! ! v u er ! ! ! ! ! ! ! r ! ! ! ! CORDALBA ! n ! ! ! ! ! WALKERS ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! e ! ! ! POINT ! Environmental Protection (Water) Policy 2009 S ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! t ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! t t ! ! ! o ! ! Users must refer to plans WQ1372 k c ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! k ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! e ! y ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! R ! r e a and WQ1402 for information on South-east Queensland Map Series ! r ! i d ! ! C v BURRUM -
Social Infrastructure Needs Assessment
SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE NEEDS ASSESSMENT FINAL REPORT A planning study supporting the Fraser Coast 2031: Sustainable Growth Strategy Project Prepared for GHD on behalf of Fraser Coast Regional Council By BRIGGS & MORTAR PTY LTD Phone: (07) 5473 0322 Fax: (07) 5473 0388 Job No. 08223 August 11 Table of Contents Executive Summary ...................................................................................................... 1 1. Introduction............................................................................................................. 7 2. Summary of Literature Review .............................................................................. 7 2.1 Summary of Previously Identified Social Infrastructure Needs...............................7 2.2 Specifically Identified Needs .....................................................................................10 3. Community Profile................................................................................................ 15 3.1 Population Projections ..............................................................................................15 3.2 Age projections ..........................................................................................................16 3.3 Summary Community Characteristics .....................................................................16 3.4 Community Characteristics by Key Catchment Area..............................................19 3.5 Settlement Pattern......................................................................................................24 -
Incubator Birds: Biogeographical Origins and Evolution Of
Journal of Biogeography (J. Biogeogr.) (2014) 41, 2045–2056 ORIGINAL Incubator birds: biogeographical origins ARTICLE and evolution of underground nesting in megapodes (Galliformes: Megapodiidae) Rebecca B. Harris1,2*, Sharon M. Birks2 and Adam D. Leache1,2 1Department of Biology, University of ABSTRACT Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA, 2Burke Aim Unique amongst birds, megapodes (family Megapodiidae) have exchanged Museum of Natural History and Culture, the strategy of incubating eggs with the warmth of their bodies for incubation University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA behaviours that rely entirely on environmental heat sources. Typically, mound- builders capture heat released from the decomposition of organic materials, while burrow-nesters lay their eggs in geothermal or solar-heated soils. The evolutionary path towards novel incubation behaviours has led to ecological and physiological adaptations unique to megapodes. Here, we present a species tree for all extant megapodes that settles long-standing debates about mega- pode evolution: namely, their biogeographical origins and ancestral nesting behaviour. Location Australasia. Methods A time-calibrated multilocus species tree for all extant megapodes was constructed using *beast. We estimated and compared divergence dates for megapodes obtained from molecular rates, fossils, and a combination of fossils and rates. Using this tree, Bayesian estimation of ancestral nesting behaviour was conducted in BayesTraits and ancestral ranges were estimated in BioGeoBEARS. Results Recent dispersal has led to the recolonization of mainland Australia and New Guinea by Megapodius. Bayesian estimation of ancestral states indi- cates that mound building is the most probable ancestral nesting behaviour in megapodes (posterior probability = 0.75). Burrow nesting was acquired early in the diversification of the family (at least 14 Ma), followed by a single switch back to mound building. -
Ultimate Papua New Guinea Ii
The fantastic Forest Bittern showed memorably well at Varirata during this tour! (JM) ULTIMATE PAPUA NEW GUINEA II 25 AUGUST – 11 / 15 SEPTEMBER 2019 LEADER: JULIEN MAZENAUER Our second Ultimate Papua New Guinea tour in 2019, including New Britain, was an immense success and provided us with fantastic sightings throughout. A total of 19 Birds-of-paradise (BoPs), one of the most striking and extraordinairy bird families in the world, were seen. The most amazing one must have been the male Blue BoP, admired through the scope near Kumul lodge. A few females were seen previously at Rondon Ridge, but this male was just too much. Several males King-of-Saxony BoP – seen displaying – ranked high in our most memorable moments of the tour, especially walk-away views of a male obtained at Rondon Ridge. Along the Ketu River, we were able to observe the full display and mating of another cosmis species, Twelve-wired BoP. Despite the closing of Ambua, we obtained good views of a calling male Black Sicklebill, sighted along a new road close to Tabubil. Brown Sicklebill males were seen even better and for as long as we wanted, uttering their machine-gun like calls through the forest. The adult male Stephanie’s Astrapia at Rondon Ridge will never be forgotten, showing his incredible glossy green head colours. At Kumul, Ribbon-tailed Astrapia, one of the most striking BoP, amazed us down to a few meters thanks to a feeder especially created for birdwatchers. Additionally, great views of the small and incredible King BoP delighted us near Kiunga, as well as males Magnificent BoPs below Kumul. -
Insecta: Phthiraptera) Q
International Journal for Parasitology 47 (2017) 347–356 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect International Journal for Parasitology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ijpara Comparative cophylogenetics of Australian phabine pigeons and doves (Aves: Columbidae) and their feather lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera) q a, b a Andrew D. Sweet ⇑, R. Terry Chesser , Kevin P. Johnson a Illinois Natural History Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1816 S. Oak St., Champaign, IL 61820, USA b USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20013, USA article info abstract Article history: Host–parasite coevolutionary histories can differ among multiple groups of parasites associated with the Received 26 October 2016 same group of hosts. For example, parasitic wing and body lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera) of New World Received in revised form 16 December 2016 pigeons and doves (Aves: Columbidae) differ in their cophylogenetic patterns, with body lice exhibiting Accepted 22 December 2016 higher phylogenetic congruence with their hosts than wing lice. In this study, we focus on the wing and Available online 10 February 2017 body lice of Australian phabine pigeons and doves to determine whether the patterns in New World pigeons and doves are consistent with those of pigeons and doves from other regions. Using molecular Keywords: sequence data for most phabine species and their lice, we estimated phylogenetic trees for all three Wing lice groups (pigeons and doves, wing lice and body lice), and compared the phabine (host) tree with both par- Body lice Australia asite trees using multiple cophylogenetic methods. We found a pattern opposite to that found for New Hippoboscid flies World pigeons and doves, with Australian wing lice showing congruence with their hosts, and body lice exhibiting a lack of congruence. -
Fraser Coast Regional Council
WIDE BAY BURNETT REGIONAL ORGANISATION OF COUNCILS WASTE STRATEGY WASTE MANAGEMENT & RESOURCE RECOVERY STRATEGY 2015 – 2020 WBBROC Waste Management and Resource Recovery Strategy 2015 - 2020 Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ....................................................................................................................... 3 2. OVERVIEW ..................................................................................................................................... 4 2.1 ADOPTED PRINCIPLES ................................................................................................................... 5 2.2 THE VISION ................................................................................................................................. 6 2.2.1 WBBROC Vision ....................................................................................................................... 6 2.2. 2 Vision for the Waste Management and Resource Recovery Strategy ............................. 6 2.3 OBJECTIVE .................................................................................................................................. 6 2.4 STRATEGY FRAMEWORK ................................................................................................................ 6 3 BACKGROUND ........................................................................................................................... 7 3.1 REGULATORY FRAMEWORK ................................................................................................................... -
Occurrence and Timing of Egg Teeth in Birds
OCCURRENCE AND TIMING OF EGG TEETH IN BIRDS GEORGE A. CLARK, JR. HE egg tooth is a small tooth-like protuberance on the distal end of the T dorsal surface of the upper mandible at the time of hatching. It is generally believed that the egg tooth functions in cutting through the shell membranes and shell at hatching. In addition to egg teeth on the upper mandible, a number of authors have noted tooth-like modifications of various kinds at the tip of the lower mandible in embryos or newly hatched birds of a variety of families. The objective of this paper is to present an extended review of scattered records of egg teeth as a stimulus and aid for further studies on the morphology, function, development, and evolution of these structures. In spite of the great significance of hatching in the life of the bird, very little is known of the causal relations involved in the process. Certain correlated events such as respiratory, circulatory, and behavioral changes are known, but in no case have the factors responsible for the timing of hatching been specifi- cally identified. The role of the egg tooth in hatching also needs further study. Fisher (1953) studied the development in the chicken of the hatching muscle which may be important in the functionin g of the egg tooth. It has been sug- gested that the hatching muscle provides a major part of the thrust in breaking through the shell. The egg tooth is possibly unique as a structure functional only at the time of hatching. -
February 2017 ISSUE 289
A volunteer initiative of the Howard & District Progress Assn Inc. Voice of the People Since August 1990 DISTRIBUTION 1600 COPIES VOLUME 1 February 2017 ISSUE 289 President Trump’s inauguration speech resonated around the world. He declared he would “… give power back to the forgotten people” For many of us that is just how we feel – forgotten by politicians, misled by media and forgotten by the public officials we pay to serve our needs. In 2014, then Treasurer Joe Hockey declared that the age of entitlement was dead. In that case he was referring to welfare recipients. Unfortunately, his colleagues on both sides of the house failed to understand that if it was over for the rest of us, it was also over for politicians and public officials. Political movements in Britain and the United States indicate OFF that the forgotten people are demanding to be heard. They are also demanding that politicians and public officials stop taking advantage of their position and start WITH providing the service that we ratepayers and taxpayers are funding. THEIR Are we in the Burrum District forgotten? Recent events at Fraser Coast Council who funded a HEADS $1/2 million boardwalk and multi-million dollar sports complex at Hervey Bay while we languish without sewerage and adequate drainage seems to suggest we are indeed forgotten. Our divisional councillor and local member are fighting hard for us but it seems that self-interest by councillors and public officials is too strong an influence. No, I’m not advocating that we rise up in revolt and shout “Off with her head”. -
Wambaliman AUTUMN 2018
The newsletter of the Wildlife Preservation Society of Queensland Fraser Coast Branch AUTUMN 2018 Wambaliman since 1967 In the language of the Butchulla people, who are custodians of land that includes the Fraser Coast, ‘wambaliman’ means ‘to carry’, and refers to the messages that the Newsletter is communicating. Editor's Note From where I write I can see a clear blue sky with just a few high clouds; the lengthy wet period that has been so welcomed by plants and WILDLIFE PRESERVATION people alike seems to be behind us. SOCIETY OF QUEENSLAND What’s not behind us is the constant struggle to conserve wildlife and associated habitats. known informally as Fortunately, the people who submit articles to WILDLIFE QUEENSLAND this newsletter are among those with some awareness on the issue of conservation. FRASER COAST BRANCH Our President, Audrey, has been observing PO Box 7396 Urangan, 4655 wildlife behaviour for many decades, and gives us an example of that in her article on wildlife President: in her backyard. Audrey Sorensen Both the Activity Report and the EAG Report 4125 6891 [email protected] contain examples of the many activities that Vice President: Branch members are participating in, all of which demonstrate modest gains in the Rodney Jones 0423 812 881 Branch’s stated aims. Secretary: The wonderful Nature Walks continue to pro- Vanessa Elwell-Gavins vide networking and educational opportunities. 0428 624 366 Displays and workshops such as Diane Chris- Assistant Secretary: tensen’s library display and Carol Bussey’s but- terfly workshop offer a tremendous opportuni- Bruce Dick ty for the Branch to reach the general public Treasurer: with information on wildlife conservation. -
Information Sheet on Ramsar Wetlands (RIS)
Information Sheet on Ramsar Wetlands (RIS) Categories approved by Recommendation 4.7 (1990), as amended by Resolution VIII.13 of the 8th Conference of the Contracting Parties (2002) and Resolutions IX.1 Annex B, IX.6, IX.21 and IX. 22 of the 9th Conference of the Contracting Parties (2005). This Ramsar Information Sheet has been converted to meet the 2009 – 2012 format, but the RIS content has not been updated in this conversion. The new format seeks some additional information which could not yet be included. This information will be added when future updates of this Ramsar Information Sheet are completed. Until then, notes on any changes in the ecological character of the Ramsar site may be obtained from the Ecological Character Description (if completed) and other relevant sources. 1. Name and address of the compiler of this form: FOR OFFICE USE ONLY. Department of Environment and Heritage DD MM YY PO Box 155 BRISBANE ALBERT STREET QLD 4002. 2. Date this sheet was completed/updated: Designation date Site Reference Number May 1999 3. Country: Australia 4. Name of the Ramsar site: The precise name of the designated site in one of the three official languages (English, French or Spanish) of the Convention. Alternative names, including in local language(s), should be given in parentheses after the precise name. Great Sandy Strait (including Great Sandy Strait, Tin Can Bay and Tin Can Inlet). 5. Designation of new Ramsar site or update of existing site: Great Sandy Strait was designated on 14 June 1999 This RIS is for (tick one box only): a) Designation of a new Ramsar site ; or b) Updated information on an existing Ramsar site 6.