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Experiência Do Utilizador Em Pacotes De Software De CAPITULO 6 | erinia do tlizador em Paotes de Sofware de nálise Qualitatva: da usailidade utoarendizaem Fábio Freitas; Jaime Ribeiro; Catarina Brandão; Francislê Neri de Souza; António Pedro Costa EXPERIÊNCIA DO UTILIZADOR EM PACOTES CAPITULO DE SOFTWARE DE ANÁLISE QUALITATIVA: DA 6 USABILIDADE À (AUTO)APRENDIZAGEM AUTORES 1 UNIVERSIDADE DE AVEIRO, PORTUGAL 2 Fábio Freitas1 | [email protected] INSTITUTO POLITÉCNICO DE LEIRIA, PORTUGAL 3 Jaime Ribeiro2 | [email protected] UNIVERSIDADE DO PORTO, PORTUGAL Catarina Brandão3 | [email protected] Francislê Neri de Souza1 | [email protected] António Pedro Costa1 | [email protected] RESUMO No processo de desenvolvimento de um sofware não se pode abdicar de um dos principais responsáveis pela efciente utlização de uma aplicação, PALAVRAS CHAVE: nesta circunstância a Usabilidade. Neste sentdo, a Usabilidade apresenta- Experiência de Utlizador se como um elemento associado ao Design de Interação entre um utlizador Usabilidade e um determinado produto. Com este intento, alguns reputados designers, como Dieter Rams, chegam mesmo a afrmar que o recurso ao bom design Sofware de Análise deverá tornar um produto tão compreensível, ao ponto de o mesmo ser Qualitatva autoexplicatvo (Vitsœ, 2016). Mas será que o uso dos princípios de bom (Auto)Aprendizagem design pode tornar os produtos tecnológicos tão intuitvos que dispensem Atlas.t o recurso a ferramentas de (auto)aprendizagem? Este facto não impede que o consumidor/utlizador, quando adquire um novo produto, procure Dedoose informações de como utlizar convenientemente este mesmo produto. QDA Miner Neste âmbito, os Manuais de Utlizador podem assumir-se como um MAXQDA dos principais elos de informação entre as empresas que desenvolvem os produtos e o utlizador (Ferreira, Machado, & Romanowski, 2013). NVivo No que concerne à utlização de pacotes de sofware, estudos indicam webQDA que um dos fatores decisivos para a insatsfação de um utlizador está relacionado com a difculdade em aprender a trabalhar com um sofware (Pinho, Rodrigues, Souza, & Lopes, 2014). Neste contexto, as empresas de sofware procuram cada vez mais desenvolver recursos que possam dotar os seus produtos de boa Usabilidade, diminuindo dessa forma a curva de aprendizagem das suas ferramentas por parte dos utlizadores. Entre essas empresas encontram-se as que desenvolvem Qualitatve Data Analysis Sofware (QDAS), aplicações específcas para a análise qualitatva de dados que integram funcionalidades para transcrição de entrevistas, codifcação e interpretação de textos (e outro tpo de material qualitatvo), análise e pesquisa de conteúdo, entre outras. O número crescente de pacotes de sofware de análise qualitatva e a sua diversidade, levou-nos a perscrutar os recursos de apoio disponibilizados pelos principais pacotes de sofware de análise qualitatva, comparando-os ao nível das suas partcularidades, tais como: suporte e tpologia do Manual de Utlizador; formações; tutoriais; fóruns; espaço de perguntas frequentes (FAQ´s); e workshops. Pretende-se com esta análise apresentar as singularidades dos recursos de apoio à (auto)aprendizagem dos diferentes pacotes de sofware, de forma a sistematzar as ofertas que cada utlizador poderá encontrar, possibilitando-lhe assim a seleção do pacote que lhe ofereça as soluções que melhor respondam ao seu estlo de aprendizagem e proporcionem uma melhor Experiência de Utlizador (UX). 138 A prátca na Investgação Qualitatva: exemplos de estudos NOTAS BIOGRÁFICAS Fábio Freitas é doutorando em Multmédia em Educação na Universidade de Aveiro – Portugal, com o projeto tese “Design de interação em Manuais de Utlizador: o caso do sofware de investgação em educação”, projeto esse com ênfase no sofware de apoio à análise qualitatva webQDA. É mestre em Ensino de Artes Visuais para o 3º ciclo do ensino básico e secundário, e licenciado em Design pela Universidade de Aveiro – Portugal. É bolseiro da Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT) e membro do Centro de Investgação Didátca e Tecnologia na Formação de Formadores (CIDTFF) na Universidade de Aveiro – Portugal. É um dos investgadores/formadores do sofware webQDA, sobre o qual tem desenvolvido e publicado alguns estudos em co-autoria e é também Coordenador da Comunidade do webQDA. Jaime Ribeiro Jaime Ribeiro é doutorado pela Universidade de Aveiro. É Professor Adjunto do Insttuto Politécnico de Leiria. É membro efetvo da Sociedade Portuguesa de Engenharia de Reabilitação, Tecnologias de Apoio e Acessibilidade SUPERA. Integra o Centro de Investgação “Didátca e Tecnologia na Formação de Formadores” (CIDTFF-UA), a Unidade de Investgação em Saúde e a Unidade de Investgação Inclusão e Acessibilidade em Ação (ambas do IPLeiria). É autor de várias publicações e comunicações cientfcas na área da Investgação Qualitatva, Tecnologias de Apoio, TIC, TIC em Educação Especial, Recursos Educatvos Digitais, formação de professores, Saúde, Envelhecimento, Terapia Ocupacional, Acessibilidade e Usabilidade. Catarina Brandão é licenciada e doutorada pela Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação da Universidade do Porto, onde é docente desde 2001. Desenvolve investgação qualitatva acerca dos desafos dos processos de liderança, de gestão e avaliação de desempenho e desenvolvimento organizacional. Tem-se debruçado em partcular sobre esses fenómenos no contexto da Administração Pública. Uma outra área de interesse é o uso e aprendizagem de QDA (Qualitatve Data Sofware). Desenvolve ainda processos de intervenção organizacional, procurando aliar a teoria à prátca. Francislê Neri de Souza tem pós-doutoramento em Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TIC) aplicados ao Ensino de Ciências (2008), é doutor em Educação em Ciência (2006) com ênfase em Educação em Química, mestre em Química Quântca Computacional (1998), Licenciatura em Química (1995). Atualmente trabalha como investgador na Universidade de Aveiro – Portugal, onde também orienta estudantes de mestrado e doutoramento nas suas área de especialidade. É conferencista sobre estes temas, especialmente sobre metodologia qualitatva e quanttatva com uso de sofware (Um dos autores do sofware de análise qualitatva WebQDA, entre outros programas e recursos). É também autor de artgos, livros e capítulos de livros no campo da aprendizagem atva, questonamento, Educação em Química e TIC. António Pedro Costa é um dos investgadores do sofware de apoio à análise qualitatva webQDA (www.webqda.net), área em que tem publicados, em co-autoria, diversos artgos em congressos nacionais e internacionais, artgos em revistas e capítulos de livros. É membro do working group 1: “Theory, analysis and models of peer review” da acção COST “New Fronters of Peer Review” (htp:// www.peere.org/). Paralelamente, é Professor Auxiliar no ISLA e na ULP, em que lecciona Unidades Curriculares de Metodologias de Investgação (1º, 2º e 3º Ciclos). Atualmente, está a desenvolver o Pós-Doutoramento “Implementação e Avaliação de Instrumentos para Análise Qualitatva na Investgação em Educação” na Universidade de Aveiro. 139 CAPITULO 6 | erinia do tlizador em Paotes de Sofware de nálise Qualitatva: da usailidade utoarendizaem Fábio Freitas; Jaime Ribeiro; Catarina Brandão; Francislê Neri de Souza; António Pedro Costa INTRODUÇÃO As atuais exigências no contexto investgatvo compelem cada vez mais os investgadores a apetrecharem-se de ferramentas digitais que proporcionem a agilização e efciência nos seus processos de investgação. Independentemente da natureza da pesquisa, o investgador ao recorrer às ferramentas digitais procura assegurar que os dados por si recolhidos sejam analisados de forma criteriosa e sistemátca, gerindo mais efcazmente o tempo despendido e aumentando a fabilidade dos resultados obtdos (Baugh, Hallcom, & Harris, 2010). Esta situação é ainda mais proeminente quando encaramos a investgação qualitatva como uma metodologia que requer uma investgação mais aprofundada e contextualizada (Costa, Souza, & Reis, 2015). Este tpo de investgação produz frequentemente uma quantdade abismal de dados que exigem “organização, estruturação e redução sem prejuízo da qualidade das inferências que se procura produzir. O rigor deve pautar o momento de tratamento e interpretação de dados, devendo o investgador qualitatvo socorrer-se de todas ferramentas disponíveis para assegurar a qualidade do seu trabalho, como o uso de sofware dedicado, tal como fazem aqueles que recorrem à estatstca inferencial para a comprovação de hipóteses.” (Ribeiro, Brandão, & Costa, 2016, p. 158) Os pacotes de sofware dedicados ao apoio da investgação qualitatva possibilitam a organização e sistematzação da recolha e análise dos dados, bem como potenciar a defnição de dimensões, categorias e subcategorias de análise, processos usualmente muito laboriosos (Souza, Costa, & Neri de Sousa, 2015). Por um outro ângulo, a integração de sofware, especialmente o baseado em cloud computng, veio agilizar o trabalho colaboratvo entre investgadores no processamento de dados qualitatvos, um trabalho tradicionalmente solitário, assente em posterior validação por pares (Costa, Souza, & Neri de Sousa, 2016). Salienta-se contudo, que apesar da utlização do sofware possibilitar a melhoria de processos na resposta às questões de investgação, não substtui a competência analítca dos investgadores. Não deve interferir automatcamente nas ações e refexões da análise qualitatva, observando-se que o rigor e a qualidade obtdos serão verdadeiramente alcançados com a obediência a critérios defendidos na literatura para a condução de uma abordagem qualitatva (Costa, Souza,
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