KELLY'S DIRECTORY I OF AHD HERTFORDSHIRE ( WITH LARGE MAPS ENGRAVED EXPRESSLY FOR THE WORK LONDON: PRINTED AND PUBLISHED BY KELLY AND CO 51, GREAT QUEEN STREET, LINCOLN'S INN FIELDS, W.C. BIRMINGHAM: BHOAD STREET CORNER. | MANCHESTER: 28, BROWN STRKKT. SHEFFIELD : CENTRAL CHAMBEBS, HIGH STRHET. MDCCCLXXXVJ, PRICE TO' SUBSCRIBERS, EIGHTEEN SHILLINGS; NON-SUBSCRIBERS, TWENTY-TWO SHILLINGS. LONDON: KELLY & CO., PRINTERS, GATE STREET, LINCOLN'S INN FIELDS, W. AND KIDDLE KILL, KINGSTON-ON-THAMES. PREFACE. THIS is the second Edition of the Directory of the Three Counties in its present form. It has been found that in the more immediate suburbs of London there is very little demand for the County Directories, whilst there is a continually increasing demand for Annual Local Directories of these places, which have since the last edition of this volume been constituted Metropolitan Parliamentary Boroughs, viz.:—Fulham, Hackney, Hammersmith and Hamp- stead; of each of these a Local Directory, price Is. 6d., is published annually. i The contents are similar to those in previous editions—a general account is given of each County ; Lists of Hundreds and Poor Law Unions are in- cluded ; a sketch of the Geological Features of each County, by Mr. W. J- Harrison, is given : then follow the Places in each County, alphabetically arranged, with their Inhabitants, both Private Residents and Commercial; it is stated under each Parish in what Hundred, Union, and County Court District and Division of the County, as formed under the provisions of the " Eedistribution of Seats Act, 1885," as also in what Diocese, Archdeaconry, and Rural Deanery it is situated; and the College and University of every Beneficed Clergyman have been given, as far as they can be ascertained : the names of the Parish Clerks are given under each Parish; lists of Farm Bailiffs of Gentlemen farming their own land are included ; and the popula- tion of each place, from the Census of 1881, has been inserted. E. & H. a 2 IV PBEFACE. A new Hap of each County on a large scale is given. A new set of Indices referring to all places and persons mentioned in the Topographies have been * * given. The Proprietors have again to return their thanks to those Clergymen, Magistrates' Clerks, Registrars, and other Gentlemen who have assisted the Agents while collecting the information, • 51, GTBEAT QUEEN STREET, LINCOLN'S INN FIB LBS, LONDON, W.C, October t 1886. The Maps are sold separately at the following prices: Plain Sheet ... 2s. Od. On Boiler ... 4s. Od. I InCase ... 5s. Od. I.. X • Esspx is one of the metropolitan shires and takes its name The Thames flows through London to the North Sea, from the commonwealth of the East Saxons (one of the j having several quays, but no great haven on "the Essex English hordes which settled in South Britain), and ofo^Jiicb shore, and the limits of the port of London extend to Middlesex, London and Hertfordshire afterwards formed Haven gore creek in this county. The Lee, and its head, part. After the Euskardians and Celts had been dmven out, the Stort, are nayigable, passing through Bishop's Stortford, Essex was held by the Belgic tribe of the Trinobantea until Harlow and Waltham Abbey: the Rocfing rises in Easton the Roman inroad. Of the Romans it was a great seat and Park, near Dunmow, arid flows south for about 36 miles here was their city of Camulodunum. The Welch, again past Ongar to llford, where it becomes navigable, anc7, % becoming masters, were driven out by tha East Saxons. passing^Bkrkihg, joins the Thames : the Bourne brook, 12 The chief elans concerned in the settlement were the Tilling, miles long, falls into the Thames at Dagenham : the Inger- 1 Hailing , Denning', "Thurring, Banning, Billing, Horning, bourne rises in South Weald and falls into the Thames Manning, Totting, Bucking and Dunning:, being the same near Rainham ; the Marditch, 12 miles long, forms a creek as those engaged in the settlement of East Anglia. In 825 at Purfleet; the Crouch, 25 miles long, waters south-east it came under the sway of the West Saxons under Egbert, Essex and is navigable from Hull Bridge to the North Sea : though more than once given up to the Danes. Burnham is its port: the Bromhill is a cr&ek, TO tniles long, The county is of an irregular shape, being in its greatest and navigable for 7 miles to near Koch ford : the river length, from north-east to south-west, 63 miles ; it contains Chelmer, 46 miles Jong, rising in the porth-west near 987,632 acres, being the tenth English shire for size. In Debden and flowing south, passes Dunmow and Chelmsford, 1881 its population was 576,434 : males, 288,180 ; females, where it is made navigable, thence east to Maldon {its port), 288,254; the number of inhabited houses in 1881 was receiving the Ter, 13 miles long, the Wid and Caniv, x^. 108,974 ; uninhabited, 9*234 ; being built 2,336. On the east miles long and the Sandon Brook, TO miles long; near and south-east the county is bounded by the North Sea ; on Maldon it joins the Black water, which has for its feeder the the south bv the Thames, which flows between it and Kent; Podsbrook : the Colne, 35 miles long, rises on the northern m* * on the west by the Lee against Middlesex and by the Stort border near Birdbrook, becomes navigable at Colchester, -against Hertfordshire; on the north by Cambridge and on the and receiving the Roman river, flows into the North Sea : north-cast by the Stour, separating it from Suffolk* On the Holland creek falls into the North Sea at Little the east the shore is broken by the deep friths and creeks of Holland : the Stour is about 50 miles long, becomes navi- the Stour, Colne, Black water, Crouch and Thames. gable at Sudbury and passes the ports of Mannmgtree and Harwich to the North Sea : in the north-west the Cam and Time of High Water on the Full and Change of the Moon at Slade brooks pass into Cambridgeshire. the following places on the coast of Essex : The county has much rich meadow ground on the shores of the brooks and marsh lands on the friths and creeks ; on the shore are many marsh islands, like those of Holland of High Water. RISE.* these Canvey, Foulness, Wallasea, Mersea, Horsea, Haven- PLACE Full & gore and Potton are the greatest : much of the shore is Change. Springs. Neaps, sheltered against the tides and storms by dykes and sea walls. The inland is hilly and well timbered : the highest h. m. feet. feet. hills of the London clay are High Beech, near Waltham Harwich Harbour 0 6 9* OrTyell River, Pinmill 0 20 1a Abbey, 760 feet high ; Dan bury, 497 feet high ,* Tip tree Orwell River,Downham Reach 0 27 12 Heath, near Witham, 700 feet high and Laindon Hills, Orwell River, Ipswich 0 35 I3J 620 feet high. 0 29 Stour River, W rah n ess — Stour River, Mistley Quay 0 48 Essex, of which Chelmsford is the assize town, is included Stour River, Cattawade Bridge x S within the South-Eastern Circuit. Part of Becontree hun- The Naze . 0 6 12$ IO dred, viz. Barking, East Ham, West Ham, Little Ilford, noon IO Colne River, Colne Point 14 Low Ley ton, Walthamstow, Wanstead, St. Mary Woodford Colne River, Wiyenhoe 0 10 ro Blackwater River, Scales Point noon i4l and Chingford is within th& bounds of the Central Criminal Blackwater River, Heybridge.. 0 20 . 12 8 Court, and with Dagenham, Chadwell Heath, Waltham Chelmer River, Maldon 0 33 10 6 Abbey, Loughton and Chigwell, under the jurisdiction of 11 40 8 Gunfleet Sand, N.E, End the Metropolitan police. Crouch River, Foulness 0 5 i4i ioj 0 25 11 The ehire is ecclesiastically within the diocese of St. Crouch River, Hull Bridge 16 1 Maplin Light ; 0 5 J Albans and divided into two archdeaconries ; Colchester, sub-divided into the rural deaneries of Ardleigh, Brain- * By the rise of the tide is meant its vertical rise above the tree, Coggeshall, Colchester, Pedhain, Halstead, Harwich, mean low "water level of spring tides. Hatfield Peverel, Hedingham, Mersea, Newport, "Saffron E. H. & M. V * " 4 2 ESSEX. [KELLY'S Walden, St. Osyth, Sampford, Witharn and Yeldham; and Foxearth, Gestingthorpe, Gosfield, Great Henny, Great Essex, sub-divided into the rural deaneries of Barking, Maplestead, Great Saling, Great Yeldham, Hal stead, La- Barstable, Canewdon, Chafford, Chelmsford, Chi g well, marsh , Lis ton, Little Henny, Little Maplestead, Little D anbury, Dengie, Dunmow, Harlow, Ingatestone, Lam- Yeldham, Middleton, Ovington, Pan field, Petal arsh, Pent- borne, Maid on, Ongar, Orsett, Bochford and Roding : low, Rayne, Ridgwell, Shalford, Sibie Heduigham, St&m- Ballingdon, a suburb of Sudbury in Suffolk, is in the bourne, Stebbing, Steeple Bumpstead, Stisted, Sturmere, diocese of Ely. There are no cathedrals or great endow- Tilbury, Toppesfield, Twinstead, Wethersfield and Wickham ments. St. Paul's. The county contains 413 civil parishes and parts of 3 Hundred of Lexden :—Aldham (Witham division), Birch others. The Municipal boroughs are :—Colchester, popu- (Colchester division), Roxted, Chapel or Pontisbright lation in 1881, 28,374 ; Harwich, population 7,842 ; Maldon, (Witham division), Copford, Dedham (Colchester division). population 7,128 ; and Saffron Walden, population 6,060. Earls Colne, East Donyland, Easfchorpe, Engaine Colne Other towns are : Chelmsford, population in 1881, 9,885 ; (Witham division), Feering (Witham division), Fordhan* Braintree, 5,182 \ Stratford, 36,455; Walthamstow, 21,715; (Colchester division), Great Coggeshall (Witham division), Barking, With am, Hals t cad t 5,840; Romford, 7,176 ; Ji rent- Great Horkesley, Great Tey (Witham division), In worth wood, 4,653 ; Maldon, 5,468 ; Southend, 7,979, an(l Wood- (Witham division), Langham (Colchester division), Little ford, 7,154.