DOCSLIB.ORG

Pharmaceutical Product for Application to Uterus Mucosa

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Pharmaceutical Product for Application to Uterus Mucosa Europaisches Patentamt (19) European Patent Office Office europeeneen des brevets £P 0 873 751 A2 (12) EUROPEAN PATENT APPLICATION (43) Date of publication: (51) intci.e: A61K9/22, A61K 38/09 28.10.1998 Bulletin 1998/44 (21) Application number: 98302622.0 (22) Date of filing: 03.04.1998 (84) Designated Contracting States: (72) Inventors: AT BE CH CY DE DK ES Fl FR GB GR IE IT LI LU • Nonomura, Muneo MC NL PT SE Toyonaka-shi, Osaka (JP) Designated Extension States: • Futo, Tomomichi AL LT LV MK RO SI Yodogawa-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka (JP) • Shimizu, Hisayoshi (30) Priority: 04.04.1997 J P 86191/97 Takatsuki-shi, Osaka (JP) (71) Applicant: TAKEDA CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES, Ltd. (74) Representative: Marlow, Nicholas Simon Osaka-shi, Osaka-fu (JP) Reddie & Grose 16, Theobalds Road London WC1X8PL (GB) (54) Pharmaceutical product for application to uterus mucosa (57) A drug comprising either a peptide having the several months to be continuously absorbed through the LH-RH action or an LH-RH antagonist is carried on an uterus mucosa or the vagina mucosa. This construction intrauterine contraceptive device (IUD) so as to be able makes it possible to reduce the patient's pain and such to provide controlled release. Once the IUD is put in the a troublesomeness as frequent drug administration and uterus, the carried drug is gradually released over such continuously administer a necessary drug over a pro- a prolonged period of treatment time as, for example, longed period of time while taking a contraceptive meas- ures. CM < lo CO Is- oo o a. LU Printed by Jouve, 75001 PARIS (FR) 1 EP 0 873 751 A2 2 Description foregoing problems and provide a pharmaceutical prod- uct for application to the uterus mucosa, capable of sof- BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION tening the patient's pain as well as reducing the number of administration so as to decrease such a troublesome- 1 . Field of the Invention s ness as frequent administration and continuously ad- ministering a necessary drug over a prolonged period The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical of time while taking a contraceptive measures. product for application to the uterus mucosa, which car- In order to accomplish the object, the present inven- ries a drug comprising a peptide having the luteinizing tion has constructed a pharmaceutical product for appli- hormone releasing hormone (hereafter referred to only 10 cation to the uterus mucosa as follows. as 'LH-RH') action, an LH-RH antagonist or the like on A first invention is characterized in that a drug com- an intrauterine contraceptive device (hereafter referred prising either a peptide having the LH-RH action or an to as 'IUD') and is adjusted to be able to administer the LH-RH antagonist is carried on an intrauterine contra- drug over a prolonged period of time while taking a con- ceptive device so as to be able to provide controlled re- traceptive measures by being fitted in the uterus or the 15 lease. like. Here the construction of carrying so as to be able to provide controlled release means a construction able 2. Description of the Prior Art to gradually release a carried drug. Concrete examples of such construction can be listed as follows: In order to treat breast cancer, uterus cancer, en- 20 dometriosis or central precocious puberty, an LH-RH A capsule type means for controlled release which agonist, i.e. a peptide having the LH-RH action, and an comprises covering pharmaceutical particles with a LH-RH antagonist or the like are administered. Howev- high polymer film and diffusing the pharmaceutical er, these drugs can be hardly absorbed through the al- particles gradually through the high polymer film; imentary canal, so that there exist as conventional drugs 25 A matrix type means for controlled release which for administration an injection drug to be administered comprises dispersing pharmaceutical particles in a by injection and a vaginally administered drug to be ab- high polymer material of a spherical shape or the sorbed through the vagina mucosa rapidly, for example, like and gradually diffusing them from a surface of as disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. Hei the high polymer material; 5-24129. 30 A means for controlled release with the use of an osmotic pressure pump, which comprises a con- 3. Problems Presented by the Prior Art tainer formed from a semi-permeable membrane and provided with a delivering outlet at one portion The injection drug causes pain to a patient when thereof and delivers through the outlet a drug ac- administered and besides has to be administered for a 35 commodated in the container by an osmotic pres- long time so as to cure the above-mentioned diseases. sure of the moisture invading from around the con- Therefore, either of the above drugs required so fre- tainer; quent administration that it was troublesome. A means for controlled release which employs a In order to solve this problem, a drug having the container provided with pores in its peripheral wall property of providing controlled release is prepared as 40 instead of the foregoing semi-permeable mem- an injection drug by forming it into microcapsules and brane; the like so as to lengthen its administration interval to, A closure-type means for controlled release which for example, four weeks or the like. However, this way comprises a container accommodating a drug and entails a problem that the patient cannot be relieved covered with a closure formed from a biodegrada- from the pain the patient experiences when the drug is 45 ble or soluble high polymer; and administered and besides the drug cannot be interrupt- A pulse-type means for controlled release which ed nor changed once it is administered. comprises a plurality of small chambers arranged Additionally, the patient should not become preg- in series and accommodating a drug, a partition wall nant because the therapy for the above-mentioned dis- of each chamber being made of a biodegradable or eases is likely to exert a bad influence on an embryo, so soluble high polymer. Consequently, there was caused a problem that the pa- tient must undergo a non-hormone contraceptive treat- However, the construction of carrying so as to be ment such as fitting an IUD separately from the admin- able to provide controlled release according to the istration of the above drug. present invention is not limited to those means. 55 When carrying the above drug on the intrauterine SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION contraceptive device (IUD), an excipient or the like ad- ditives are mixed if needed. Examples of them are listed The present invention has an object to solve the below: 2 3 EP 0 873 751 A2 4 Water and polyatomic alcohols as a solvent for dis- dium, diflunisal, sulindac, sulpyrine, tiaprofenic ac- solving the drug; id, tenoxicam, tolfenamic acid, tolmetin sodium, Sugar-alcohols, sugars, polysaccharides, gelatiniz- nabumetone, naproxen, neo vitacain, piroxicam, er and grease as an excipient for dispersing the phenacetin, fenoprofen calcium, fenbufen, drug and keeping it dispersed; flufenamic acid, flufenamic acid aluminium, flurbi- Sorbitan fatty acid esters and polyoxyethylene profen, flurbiprofen axetil, floctafenine, bucolome, sorbitan fatty acid esters as a surfactant; and pranoprofen, pentazocine, proglumetacin maleate, Inorganic salts, organic acid salts, inorganic bases migrenin, dimetotiazine mesilate, metiazinic acid, and inorganic acids as a pH regulator or an osmotic mefenamic acid, mofezolac, loxoprofen sodium, pressure regulator. 10 lobenzarit disodium, and an extract from inflamma- tory rabbit skin inoculated by vaccinia virus. The above-mentioned IUD may take such a shape Metabolic inhibitors; as having been widely used up to now. Further, it may 6-mercaptopurine riboside, enocitabine, car- be opened instead of being closed in the shape of a ring. mofur, cytarabine, cytarabine ocphosfate, tegafur, Generally, it means an IUD to be fitted in the uterus but 15 tegafur»uracil, doxifluridine, hydroxycarbamide, may be fitted in the vagina. fluorouracil, methotrexate, and mercaptopurine. A second invention is characterized in that an intra- Alkylating agents; uterine contraceptive device is formed from a biode- ifosfamide, nitrogen mustard-N-oxide hydro- gradable high polymer and carries a drug so as to be chloride, nimustine hydrochloride, carboquone, cy- able to provide controlled release of the drug. 20 clophosphamide, dacarbazine, thiotepa, improsul- Here the biodegradable high polymer means a high fan tosilate, busulfan, mitobronitol, melphalan, ran- polymer material gradually decomposing in vivo. Copol- imustine, and estramustine phosphate sodium. ymers of lactic and glycolic acids (PLGA), polymers of Anti-tumor and antibiotic agents; lactic acid (PLA), copolymers of butyric and glycolic ac- actinomycin D, aclarubicin hydrochloride, ida- ids (PBGA) , esters of these polymers, a complex con- 25 rubicin hydrochloride, epirubicin hydrochloride, sisting of at least two of these polymers or esters and daunorubicin hydrochloride, doxorubicin hydro- collagen can be listed as its examples but it is not limited chloride, pirarubicin hydrochloride, bleomycin hy- to these ones. drochloride, zinostatin stimalamer, neocarzinosta- Further, besides leuprorelin acetate, an LH-RH ag- tin, mitomycin C, bleomycin sulfate and peplomycin onist and the LH-RH antagonist, for example, the follow- 30 sulfate. ing ones can be used as the above drug: Anti-tumor plant agents; etoposide, irinotecan hydrochloride, vincris- Follicle Estrogen or Progestogen; tine sulfate, vindesine sulfate, and vinblastine sul-
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Table of Contents
    ANTICANCER RESEARCH International Journal of Cancer Research and Treatment ISSN: 0250-7005 Volume 32, Number 4, April 2012 Contents Experimental Studies * Review: Multiple Associations Between a Broad Spectrum of Autoimmune Diseases, Chronic Inflammatory Diseases and Cancer. A.L. FRANKS, J.E. SLANSKY (Aurora, CO, USA)............................................ 1119 Varicella Zoster Virus Infection of Malignant Glioma Cell Cultures: A New Candidate for Oncolytic Virotherapy? H. LESKE, R. HAASE, F. RESTLE, C. SCHICHOR, V. ALBRECHT, M.G. VIZOSO PINTO, J.C. TONN, A. BAIKER, N. THON (Munich; Oberschleissheim, Germany; Zurich, Switzerland) .................................... 1137 Correlation between Adenovirus-neutralizing Antibody Titer and Adenovirus Vector-mediated Transduction Efficiency Following Intratumoral Injection. K. TOMITA, F. SAKURAI, M. TACHIBANA, H. MIZUGUCHI (Osaka, Japan) .......................................................................................................... 1145 Reduction of Tumorigenicity by Placental Extracts. A.M. MARLEAU, G. MCDONALD, J. KOROPATNICK, C.-S. CHEN, D. KOOS (Huntington Beach; Santa Barbara; Loma Linda; San Diego, CA, USA; London, ON, Canada) ...................................................................................................................................... 1153 Stem Cell Markers as Predictors of Oral Cancer Invasion. A. SIU, C. LEE, D. DANG, C. LEE, D.M. RAMOS (San Francisco, CA, USA) ................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Encapsulation of Nedaplatin in Novel Pegylated Liposomes Increases Its Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity Against A549 and U2OS Human Cancer Cells
    pharmaceutics Article Encapsulation of Nedaplatin in Novel PEGylated Liposomes Increases Its Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity against A549 and U2OS Human Cancer Cells 1, 2, 1 1 2, Salma El-Shafie y, Sherif Ashraf Fahmy y , Laila Ziko , Nada Elzahed , Tamer Shoeib * and Andreas Kakarougkas 1,* 1 Department of Biology, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt; [email protected] (S.E.-S.); [email protected] (L.Z.); [email protected] (N.E.) 2 Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, Cairo 11835 Egypt; sheriff[email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] (T.S.); [email protected] (A.K.) These authors contribute equally to this paper. y Received: 7 April 2020; Accepted: 25 August 2020; Published: 10 September 2020 Abstract: Following the discovery of cisplatin over 50 years ago, platinum-based drugs have been a widely used and effective form of cancer therapy, primarily causing cell death by inducing DNA damage and triggering apoptosis. However, the dose-limiting toxicity of these drugs has led to the development of second and third generation platinum-based drugs that maintain the cytotoxicity of cisplatin but have a more acceptable side-effect profile. In addition to the creation of new analogs, tumor delivery systems such as liposome encapsulated platinum drugs have been developed and are currently in clinical trials. In this study, we have created the first PEGylated liposomal form of nedaplatin using thin film hydration. Nedaplatin, the main focus of this study, has been exclusively used in Japan for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, head and neck, esophageal, bladder, ovarian and cervical cancer.
    [Show full text]
  • Nsaids: Dare to Compare 1997
    NSAIDs TheRxFiles DARE TO COMPARE Produced by the Community Drug Utilization Program, a Saskatoon District Health/St. Paul's Hospital program July 1997 funded by Saskatchewan Health. For more information check v our website www.sdh.sk.ca/RxFiles or, contact Loren Regier C/O Pharmacy Department, Saskatoon City Hospital, 701 Queen St. Saskatoon, SK S7K 0M7, Ph (306)655-8506, Fax (306)655-8804; Email [email protected] We have come a long way from the days of willow Highlights bark. Today salicylates and non-steroidal anti- • All NSAIDs have similar efficacy and side inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) comprise one of the effect profiles largest and most commonly prescribed groups of • In low risk patients, Ibuprofen and naproxen drugs worldwide.1 In Saskatchewan, over 20 may be first choice agents because they are different agents are available, accounting for more effective, well tolerated and inexpensive than 300,000 prescriptions and over $7 million in • Acetaminophen is the recommended first line sales each year (Saskatchewan Health-Drug Plan agent for osteoarthritis data 1996). Despite the wide selection, NSAIDs • are more alike than different. Although they do Misoprostol is the only approved agent for differ in chemical structure, pharmacokinetics, and prophylaxis of NSAID-induced ulcers and is to some degree pharmacodynamics, they share recommended in high risk patients if NSAIDS similar mechanisms of action, efficacy, and adverse cannot be avoided. effects. week or more to become established. For this EFFICACY reason, an adequate trial of 1-2 weeks should be NSAIDs work by inhibiting cyclooxygenase (COX) allowed before increasing the dose or changing to and subsequent prostaglandin synthesis as well as another NSAID.
    [Show full text]
  • Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs for Chronic Low Back Pain (Review)
    Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for chronic low back pain (Review) Enthoven WTM, Roelofs PDDM, Deyo RA, van Tulder MW, Koes BW Enthoven WTM, Roelofs PDDM, Deyo RA, van Tulder MW, Koes BW. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for chronic low back pain. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2016, Issue 2. Art. No.: CD012087. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD012087. www.cochranelibrary.com Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for chronic low back pain (Review) Copyright © 2016 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. TABLE OF CONTENTS HEADER....................................... 1 ABSTRACT ...................................... 1 PLAINLANGUAGESUMMARY . 2 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS FOR THE MAIN COMPARISON . ..... 4 BACKGROUND .................................... 7 OBJECTIVES ..................................... 7 METHODS ...................................... 7 RESULTS....................................... 9 Figure1. ..................................... 10 Figure2. ..................................... 12 Figure3. ..................................... 13 Figure4. ..................................... 14 Figure5. ..................................... 15 Figure6. ..................................... 16 DISCUSSION ..................................... 17 AUTHORS’CONCLUSIONS . 19 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . 19 REFERENCES ..................................... 20 CHARACTERISTICSOFSTUDIES . 23 DATAANDANALYSES. 43 Analysis 1.1. Comparison 1 NSAIDs versus placebo, Outcome 1 Change in pain intensity
    [Show full text]
  • WO 2017/176265 Al
    (12) INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT) (19) World Intellectual Property Organization International Bureau (10) International Publication Number (43) International Publication Date W O 2017/176265 A l 12 October 2017 (12.10.2017) P O P C T (51) International Patent Classification: (74) Agent: COLLINS, Daniel W.; Foley & Lardner LLP, A61K 9/00 (2006.01) A61K 9/51 (2006.01) 3000 K Street, NW, 6th Floor, Washington, DC 20007- A61K 47/42 (20 ) 5109 (US). (21) International Application Number: (81) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every PCT/US20 16/026270 kind of national protection available): AE, AG, AL, AM, AO, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BH, BN, BR, BW, BY, (22) International Filing Date: BZ, CA, CH, CL, CN, CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DK, DM, 6 April 2016 (06.04.2016) DO, DZ, EC, EE, EG, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, GT, (25) Filing Language: English HN, HR, HU, ID, IL, EST, IR, IS, JP, KE, KG, KN, KP, KR, KZ, LA, LC, LK, LR, LS, LU, LY, MA, MD, ME, MG, (26) Publication Language: English MK, MN, MW, MX, MY, MZ, NA, NG, NI, NO, NZ, OM, (71) Applicant: MAYO FOUNDATION FOR MEDICAL PA, PE, PG, PH, PL, PT, QA, RO, RS, RU, RW, SA, SC, EDUCATION AND RESEARCH [US/US]; 200 First SD, SE, SG, SK, SL, SM, ST, SV, SY, TH, TJ, TM, TN, Street, NW, Rochester, Minnesota 55905 (US). TR, TT, TZ, UA, UG, US, UZ, VC, VN, ZA, ZM, ZW. (84) Designated States (72) Inventors: MARKOVIC, Svetomir N.; c/o Mayo Founda (unless otherwise indicated, for every tion For Medical Education And Research, 200 First kind of regional protection available): ARIPO (BW, GH, Street, NW, Rochester, Minnesota 55905 (US).
    [Show full text]
  • Stems for Nonproprietary Drug Names
    USAN STEM LIST STEM DEFINITION EXAMPLES -abine (see -arabine, -citabine) -ac anti-inflammatory agents (acetic acid derivatives) bromfenac dexpemedolac -acetam (see -racetam) -adol or analgesics (mixed opiate receptor agonists/ tazadolene -adol- antagonists) spiradolene levonantradol -adox antibacterials (quinoline dioxide derivatives) carbadox -afenone antiarrhythmics (propafenone derivatives) alprafenone diprafenonex -afil PDE5 inhibitors tadalafil -aj- antiarrhythmics (ajmaline derivatives) lorajmine -aldrate antacid aluminum salts magaldrate -algron alpha1 - and alpha2 - adrenoreceptor agonists dabuzalgron -alol combined alpha and beta blockers labetalol medroxalol -amidis antimyloidotics tafamidis -amivir (see -vir) -ampa ionotropic non-NMDA glutamate receptors (AMPA and/or KA receptors) subgroup: -ampanel antagonists becampanel -ampator modulators forampator -anib angiogenesis inhibitors pegaptanib cediranib 1 subgroup: -siranib siRNA bevasiranib -andr- androgens nandrolone -anserin serotonin 5-HT2 receptor antagonists altanserin tropanserin adatanserin -antel anthelmintics (undefined group) carbantel subgroup: -quantel 2-deoxoparaherquamide A derivatives derquantel -antrone antineoplastics; anthraquinone derivatives pixantrone -apsel P-selectin antagonists torapsel -arabine antineoplastics (arabinofuranosyl derivatives) fazarabine fludarabine aril-, -aril, -aril- antiviral (arildone derivatives) pleconaril arildone fosarilate -arit antirheumatics (lobenzarit type) lobenzarit clobuzarit -arol anticoagulants (dicumarol type) dicumarol
    [Show full text]
  • Be Aware of Some Medications
    Aspirin, Pain Relievers, Cold and Fever Remedies and Arthritis Medications when you have asthma, rhinitis or nasal polyps For some people with asthma, rhinitis and nasal polyps, medications such as acetylsalicylic acid or ASA and some arthritis medications can trigger very severe asthma, rhinitis, hives, swelling and shock. If you react to one of these medications, you will probably react to all of the others as well. There are many medications and products that contain ASA. This handout names some. Since new products are coming out all of the time, it is best to check with the pharmacist before using. Check the label yourself as well. If you react to these medications you must: Avoid these medications and products at all times. Let your doctor know right away if you have taken one of the medications and develop symptoms. Check the ingredients on the label yourself. Ask your pharmacist, doctor or other health care provider if you have questions. Get a medical alert bracelet or card that says you are allergic to ASA. Tell all of your health care providers that you are allergic to ASA. For pain control, use acetaminophen. Some products with acetaminophen are Atasol, Tempra, Tylenol and Novo-Gesic. Most people allergic to ASA can use acetaminophen. Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health St. Joseph’s Hospital McMaster University Health Sciences Some Products that Contain ASA 217s, 217s Strong D P 222s Doan’s Backache Pills Pepto-Bismol 282s, 282s Meps Dodd’s Tablets – All Percodan 292s Dolomine 37 Phenaphen with Codeine 692s Dristan Extra Strength PMS-Sulfasalazine A Dristan – All kinds AC&C R AC&C Extra Strength E Ratio-Oxycodan Acetylsalicylic Acid EC ASA Relief ASA Achrocidin Ecotrin – All kinds Robaxisal – All kinds Aggrenox Endodan Alka Seltzer – All kinds Enteric coated ASA S Anacin – All kinds Enteric coated aspirin Salazopyrin Antidol Entrophen – All kinds Salazopyrin Enema Apo-ASA Excedrin Salofalk Enema Apo-Asen Sulfasalazine Arco Pain Tablet F Arthrisin Fiorinal T Artria SR Fiorinal with Codeine Tri-Buffered ASA ASA, A.S.A.
    [Show full text]
  • Pharmaceutical Appendix to the Tariff Schedule 2
    Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (2007) (Rev. 2) Annotated for Statistical Reporting Purposes PHARMACEUTICAL APPENDIX TO THE HARMONIZED TARIFF SCHEDULE Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (2007) (Rev. 2) Annotated for Statistical Reporting Purposes PHARMACEUTICAL APPENDIX TO THE TARIFF SCHEDULE 2 Table 1. This table enumerates products described by International Non-proprietary Names (INN) which shall be entered free of duty under general note 13 to the tariff schedule. The Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) registry numbers also set forth in this table are included to assist in the identification of the products concerned. For purposes of the tariff schedule, any references to a product enumerated in this table includes such product by whatever name known. ABACAVIR 136470-78-5 ACIDUM LIDADRONICUM 63132-38-7 ABAFUNGIN 129639-79-8 ACIDUM SALCAPROZICUM 183990-46-7 ABAMECTIN 65195-55-3 ACIDUM SALCLOBUZICUM 387825-03-8 ABANOQUIL 90402-40-7 ACIFRAN 72420-38-3 ABAPERIDONUM 183849-43-6 ACIPIMOX 51037-30-0 ABARELIX 183552-38-7 ACITAZANOLAST 114607-46-4 ABATACEPTUM 332348-12-6 ACITEMATE 101197-99-3 ABCIXIMAB 143653-53-6 ACITRETIN 55079-83-9 ABECARNIL 111841-85-1 ACIVICIN 42228-92-2 ABETIMUSUM 167362-48-3 ACLANTATE 39633-62-0 ABIRATERONE 154229-19-3 ACLARUBICIN 57576-44-0 ABITESARTAN 137882-98-5 ACLATONIUM NAPADISILATE 55077-30-0 ABLUKAST 96566-25-5 ACODAZOLE 79152-85-5 ABRINEURINUM 178535-93-8 ACOLBIFENUM 182167-02-8 ABUNIDAZOLE 91017-58-2 ACONIAZIDE 13410-86-1 ACADESINE 2627-69-2 ACOTIAMIDUM 185106-16-5 ACAMPROSATE 77337-76-9
    [Show full text]
  • The Personalized Medicine Report
    THE PERSONALIZED MEDICINE REPORT 2017 · Opportunity, Challenges, and the Future The Personalized Medicine Coalition gratefully acknowledges graduate students at Manchester University in North Manchester, Indiana, and at the University of Florida, who updated the appendix of this report under the guidance of David Kisor, Pharm.D., Director, Pharmacogenomics Education, Manchester University, and Stephan Schmidt, Ph.D., Associate Director, Pharmaceutics, University of Florida. The Coalition also acknowledges the contributions of its many members who offered insights and suggestions for the content in the report. CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 5 THE OPPORTUNITY 7 Benefits 9 Scientific Advancement 17 THE CHALLENGES 27 Regulatory Policy 29 Coverage and Payment Policy 35 Clinical Adoption 39 Health Information Technology 45 THE FUTURE 49 Conclusion 51 REFERENCES 53 APPENDIX 57 Selected Personalized Medicine Drugs and Relevant Biomarkers 57 HISTORICAL PRECEDENT For more than two millennia, medicine has maintained its aspiration of being personalized. In ancient times, Hippocrates combined an assessment of the four humors — blood, phlegm, yellow bile, and black bile — to determine the best course of treatment for each patient. Today, the sequence of the four chemical building blocks that comprise DNA, coupled with telltale proteins in the blood, enable more accurate medical predictions. The Personalized Medicine Report 5 INTRODUCTION When it comes to medicine, one size does not fit all. Treatments that help some patients are ineffective for others (Figure 1),1 and the same medicine may cause side effects in only certain patients. Yet, bound by the constructs of traditional disease, and, at the same time, increase the care delivery models, many of today’s doctors still efficiency of the health care system by improving prescribe therapies based on population averages.
    [Show full text]
  • 454651 1 En Bookbackmatter 321..325
    Index A Antituberculosis, 15, 23 Accidental contamination, 262 Apoptosis, 202, 267 Accumulation, 301 Arene, 20, 21, 62 Aceruloplasminemia, 103 Arsenic (As), 137, 246, 260, 269, 284, 297, Acute exposure, 263 302, 305 Acute Promyelocytic Leukaemia (APL), 201 Arsenic compounds, 201 Adequate intakes, 98 Arsenicosis, 269 Adverse effects, 113, 124 Arsenic pollution, 302 Adverse Reactions to Metal Debris (ARMD), Arsenic toxicity, 302 74, 78, 82, 85 Arsenic trioxide, 242 Albumin, 279 Arsenious oxide\; As2O3, 242, 247 Allicin, 308 Arsenite, 302 Allium sativum, 242, 250 Arsphenamine, 198 Aluminium, 283 Arthroplasty, 79, 80 Alzheimer’s disease, 106 Aseptic Lymphocyte-dominant Aminolevulinic acid dehydrogenase, 310 Vasculitis-Associated Lesion (ALVAL), Aneurysm, 153 74, 85 Anopheles, 167 Atharvaveda, 258 Anthropogenic activities, 298 Atherosclerosis, 304 Anthropogenic processes, 299 ATP7A-related distal motor neuropathy, 102 Anthropogenic sources, 299 Ayurveda, 237–241, 247–249, 251, 252, 254, Antibacterial, 12, 17, 22, 28, 113–115, 117, 260 119, 120, 122 Ayurvedic pharmaceutics, 239–241 Anticancer, 17, 21, 25, 26, 28, 52, 54–57, 59, 63 B Anticancer agent, 203, 300 Background concentrations, 271 Antidotes, 240, 241, 249, 254 Bacterial resistance, 130 Antifungal, 17 Behavioral dysfunctions, 298 Antimalarial, 17, 27 Benincasa hispida, 242 Antimalarial drugs, 171 Bhasma, 196, 237, 238, 243–245, 252, 253 Antimicrobial agents, 130 Bioaccumulation, 308 Antimicrobials, 131, 132 Biochemical pathways, 305 Antimony, 202 Biofilms, 18 Antimutagenic agent, 203 Biological half-life, 301 Antioxidant, 197, 251, 297 Biomarker, 264 Antioxidant enzymes, 301, 304 Biomedical implications, 297 Antioxidant system, 267 Bleomycin, 199 Antiparasitic, 22 Borax, 241, 242, 253 Antiprotozoan, 17 Boron, 253 © Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2018 321 M.
    [Show full text]
  • Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy with Nedaplatin Versus Cisplatin in Stage II- IVB Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: a Cost-Effectiveness Analysis T
    Oral Oncology 93 (2019) 15–20 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Oral Oncology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/oraloncology Concurrent chemoradiotherapy with nedaplatin versus cisplatin in stage II- IVB nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A cost-effectiveness analysis T Weiting Liaoa,b,#, Jiaxing Huanga,b,#, Qiuji Wua,b, Guiqi Zhuc, Xinyuan Wanga,b, Feng Wena,b, ⁎ Pengfei Zhanga,b, Nan Zhanga,b, Qiu Lia,b, a Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China b West China Biomedical Big Data Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China c Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Background: Nedaplatin-based concurrent chemoradiotherapy became an alternative doublet treatment strategy Nasopharyngeal carcinoma to cisplatin-based concurrent chemoradiotherapy in patients with locoregional, advanced nasopharyngeal car- Cost-ineffective cinoma. Chemoradiotherapy Materials and methods: Using a Markov model, we simulated patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma from Nedaplatin disease-free to death. Input data for the model were collected from published literature and the standard fee Markov model database of West China Hospital. The outcome was expressed in quality-adjusted-years (QALYs), net monetary Economic evaluation benefit at the threshold of $25,841, three times the Gross Domestic Product of China in 2017. The costs and benefits were discounted at 3% annually and a half-cycle correction was considered. The input parameters were varied in one-way sensitivity analysis to confirm the robustness of the model. All of the primary analyses used second-order probabilistic sensitivity analysis to capture the impact of parameter uncertainty based on 10,000 Monte-Carlo simulations.
    [Show full text]
  • WO 2018/218208 Al 29 November 2018 (29.11.2018) W !P O PCT
    (12) INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT) (19) World Intellectual Property Organization International Bureau (10) International Publication Number (43) International Publication Date WO 2018/218208 Al 29 November 2018 (29.11.2018) W !P O PCT (51) International Patent Classification: Fabio; c/o Bruin Biosciences, Inc., 10225 Barnes Canyon A61K 31/00 (2006.01) A61K 47/00 (2006.01) Road, Suite A104, San Diego, California 92121-2734 (US). BEATON, Graham; c/o Bruin Biosciences, Inc., 10225 (21) International Application Number: Barnes Canyon Road, Suite A104, San Diego, California PCT/US20 18/034744 92121-2734 (US). RAVULA, Satheesh; c/o Bruin Bio (22) International Filing Date: sciences, Inc., 10225 Barnes Canyon Road, Suite A l 04, San 25 May 2018 (25.05.2018) Diego, Kansas 92121-2734 (US). (25) Filing Language: English (74) Agent: MALLON, Joseph J.; 2040 Main Street, Four teenth Floor, Irvine, California 92614 (US). (26) Publication Langi English (81) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every (30) Priority Data: kind of national protection available): AE, AG, AL, AM, 62/5 11,895 26 May 2017 (26.05.2017) US AO, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BH, BN, BR, BW, BY, BZ, 62/5 11,898 26 May 2017 (26.05.2017) US CA, CH, CL, CN, CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DJ, DK, DM, DO, (71) Applicants: BRUIN BIOSCIENCES, INC. [US/US]; DZ, EC, EE, EG, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, GT, HN, 10225 Barnes Canyon Road, Suite A104, San Diego, HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, IR, IS, JO, JP, KE, KG, KH, KN, KP, California 92121-2734 (US).
    [Show full text]