PENMANSHIEL WIND FARM Environmental Statement 2011
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PENMANSHIEL WIND FARM Environmental Statement 2011 Volume 1 : Non-Technical Summary CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION..............................................................................................1 2 RES.............................................................................................................1 3 DEVELOPMENT CONTEXT .................................................................................2 Site Location ........................................................................................................ 2 Environmental Sensitivity ........................................................................................ 2 4 THE NEED FOR THE PROPOSED WIND FARM ..........................................................3 5 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROPOSED WIND FARM ........................................................3 Wind Turbines ...................................................................................................... 3 Site Access........................................................................................................... 4 Electrical Connection, Substation and Control Building .................................................... 4 Masts ................................................................................................................. 4 6 CONSTRUCTION AND DECOMMISSIONG OF THE PROPOSED WIND FARM ........................5 Construction ........................................................................................................ 5 Decommissioning ................................................................................................... 5 7 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ................................................................6 EIA Process .......................................................................................................... 6 Consultation......................................................................................................... 6 Site Selection and Design Evolution ............................................................................ 7 8 ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS ...............................................................................8 Landscape and Visual .............................................................................................. 8 Ecology ............................................................................................................... 9 Ornithology........................................................................................................ 10 Cultural Heritage and Archaeology ........................................................................... 10 Geology, Hydrology and Hydrogeology ....................................................................... 11 Noise ............................................................................................................... 12 Forestry ............................................................................................................ 12 Electro-Magnetic Interference and Aviation ................................................................ 13 Access, Traffic and Transport.................................................................................. 13 Socio-Economics .................................................................................................. 14 Other Issues – Health and safety, Air Quality and Shadow Flicker ...................................... 15 Potential Grid Connection ...................................................................................... 15 9 CONCLUSION............................................................................................... 15 Figure 1: Site Location Figure 2: Infrastructure Layout 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 This Non Technical Summary (NTS) is Volume 1 of the Environmental Statement (ES) and is also produced as a separate document, which has been prepared to accompany an application to Scottish Borders Council (SBC) by RES UK & Ireland Limited (RES) to construct and operate a 15 turbine wind farm at Penmanshiel, near Grantshouse in the Scottish Borders. 1.2 The aim on the NTS is to summarise the content and main finding of the ES in a clear and concise manner to assist the public in understanding what the environmental effects of the proposed wind farm are likely to be. The full ES (Volume 2 Main Report; Volume 3: Landscape and Visual Assessment (LIVA) Figures; and Volume 4 Technical Appendices) provide a more detailed description of the proposed wind farm and the complete findings of the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) process. 1.3 The full ES, together with the planning application to SBC and associated documents will be available for viewing during normal opening hours at the addresses below: Scottish Borders Council Eyemouth Library Duns Library Council Headquarters Manse Road 49 Newtown Street Newtown St Boswells Eyemouth DUNS Melrose TD14 5JE TD11 3AU TD6 0SA 1.4 An electronic version of the documents, including the ES will be available to download from www.penmanshiel-windfarm.co.uk. Paper copies of the NTS or other documents forming part of the planning application can be requested from: RES UK & Ireland Limited 3rd Floor, STV Pacific Quay Glasgow, G51 1PQ 1.5 Copies of the NTS are available free of charge; ES Volumes 2-4 can be purchased on CD for £25 or paper copies at a cost of £250. 2 RES 2.1 RES is one of the world’s leading independent renewable energy developers with operations across Europe, North America and Asia-Pacific. RES, a British company, has been at the forefront of wind energy development since the 1970s and has developed and/or built 100 wind farms (or 5 Gigawatts (GW) of wind capacity) around the world, including 10% of the UK’s wind energy. This includes seven wind farms in Scotland with a total generation capacity of more than 120 MW. In 2010, RES commenced construction of Hill of Towie Wind Farm in Moray and Kelburn Wind Farm in North Ayrshire and both are due to be completed in the coming months. 1 3 DEVELOPMENT CONTEXT Site Location 3.1 The proposed Penmanshiel Wind Farm is located near Grantshouse in the Scottish Borders with the closest turbine located approximately 1.5 km from the village edge. Further afield, Coldingham is located approximately 7 km to the south-east and Cockburnspath is situated approximately 4.5 km to the north-west. The proposed wind farm site boundary covers approximately 592 hectares, but the loss of land due to the proposed infrastructure (turbines, tracks and substation compound) will be limited to 7.9 hectares (less than 1.4% of the site) for the life of the project. 3.2 The site location and infrastructure layout of the proposed Penmanshiel Wind Farm are shown on Figures 1 and 2 at the end of this NTS. 3.3 The site currently comprises a commercial forest surrounded by agricultural land, which is used for livestock grazing and/or growing arable crops. Approximately 200 hectares of commercial forest will require felling in order to allow the wind farm to be built and operate efficiently. 3.4 The site is mainly located in an area classified as coastal moorland and contains both coastal farmland and pastoral upland fringe landscapes. Environmental Sensitivity 3.5 The proposed wind farm is not within any national or international designations for landscape or environmental designations. 3.6 Regional designations nearby include the Berwickshire Coast Area of Great Landscape Value (AGLV) which traces the coastline to the north of the site, and the Scottish Borders and Lammermuir Hills AGLV to the west and south west of the site. 3.7 The nearest international environmentally designated site is the St Abbs to Fast Castle Special Protection Area (SPA), 2 km to the north. Several Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSIs) are found within 2 km of the site including Drone Hill Moss, Pease Bridge Glen, St Abs Head to Fast Castle, Berwickshire Coast (intertidal) and Old Cambus Quarry (geological). 3.8 The ‘Winding Cairn’ is located on the site and is designated as a national Scheduled Monument (SM). There are a number of other SMs in the wider area including Harly Darlies, Ewieside Hill, St Helen’s Church, Dowlaw, Lowries Knowes. Dunglass is the nearest Garden and Designated Landscape and Oldhamstocks is the nearest Conservation Area. 3.9 There are two properties within the site boundary (Harelawside Farm and Harelawbrae) and several other properties near the site boundary. The closest property is Penmanshiel Farm, 941 m from Turbine 1. One right of way crosses the site, Lairds Way (BB11). The route joins Grantshouse to the A1107 near Old Cambus. 2 4 THE NEED FOR THE PROPOSED WIND FARM 4.1 The interest in renewable energy production has arisen in response to growing concerns about the rise in atmospheric levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gases, and the changes in the global climate that this could be causing. Burning of fossil fuels (oil, coal and gas) is a major contributor to greenhouse gas emissions and reducing their use and increasing the proportion of power generated from renewable energy sources is seen as a vital part of reducing these emissions, notwithstanding that increasing energy efficiency also has a vital role to play in this process. 4.2 In March 2003, the Scottish Ministers set an aspirational target to increase further the proportion of electricity provided from renewable sources in Scotland to 40% by 2010 (Scottish Executive: 2003). In September 2010 the Scottish Government announced that Scotland’s renewable electricity