NEWSLETTER• of the MICHIGAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY

Volume 38, Numbers 4 December, 1993 Impacts ofBt on Non-Target

John W. Peacock, David L. Wagner, and Dale F. Schweitzer USDA Forest Service, Hamden, CT; University of , Storrs, CT; and The Nature Conservancy, Port Norris, NT, respectively

Introduction gypsy in Oregon. Sample et a1. ing attempts bycertain birds. In another (1 993) have likewise reported a signifi­ study, Bellocq et al. (1992) showed that Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner var. cant reduction inspecies abundance and the use of Btk increased immigration kurstaki (Btk) is one of the pesticides richness in non-target Lepidoptera in rates andcaused d ietary shifts inshrews. most commonly employed against lepi­ field studies in eastern West Virginia. We report here a summary of our dopteran forest pests. In the eastern U.S., James et al. (1993) haveshown thatBtk is studies aimed at determining the effect where millionsofhectares of deciduous toxic to late, but not early, instar larvae of Btko n non-target Lepidoptera inboth forest have been defoliated by the ''Eu­ of the beneficial cinnabar moth, laboratoryand field studies. Laboratory ropean" gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar jacobaeae (L.). bioassays were conducted on larvae in (L.), Btk has been used extenSively to In addition to its direct effects on seven families of native eastern U.S. slow the spread of this pest and to re­ native Lepidoptera, Btk can indirectly Macrolepidoptera. Field studies were duce defoliation. In 1992 alone, over affect other that rely on lepi­ carried out in Rockbridge County, Vir­ 300,000 ha were treated with Btk, in­ dopterous larvae as a primary source of ginia, and were the first to evaluate non­ cluding gypsy moth suppression activi­ food. Rodenhouse and Holmes (1992) target effects on both Micro- and Mac­ ties amounting to over 105,000 ha in found that a reduction in biomass of rolepidoptera. lepidopterous larvae following Btk aJr Michigan, 58,000 ha in Pennsylvania, 1[;@()IJjJ'Q[jI!JI!J(g{Q) ON PAGE4­ and nearly 41,000 ha in Virginia (Anony­ plication led to significantly fewer nest­ mous, 1992). In addition to the suppres­ sion activities aimed at the European gypsymoth in 1992, over68,OOOha were sprayed with Btk in efforts to eradicate the "Asiatic" gypsy moth in Oregon, Washington/and the Vancouver area of British Columbia (Anonymous, 1992). Even as the use of Btk in fo restry appli­ cations is on the increase, ther2 is grow­ ing concern about the effects of this mi­ crobial pesticide on non-target organ­ isms. There has been limited research aimed at determining the effects of Btk on native species of Lepidoptera. Miller (1990) demonstrated that both richness and diversity of native Lepidoptera as­ sociated with G arry , Quercus garryartll Dougl., were reduced follow­ ing application of Btk to eradicate the my thesis project, I am part of this team effort. Specifically, I am studying the habitat needs of the Kamer blue in Michigan under the direction of Dr. Deborah McCullough in the De­ partment of Entomology at Michigan State University. My research program is being funded primarily through two divisions of the USDA Forest Service: the Northeastern Area State and Private Forestry and the North Central Forest ExperimentStation. Inaddition, funding and assistance have been provided byThe Michigan Nature Conservancy through their Small Grants Program and by the Michigan Natural Features Inventory through their Natural Heritage Grants Program, which is fu nded by the "nongame wildlife check­ off" on Michigan's income tax form. Historically, the Kamer blue existed in a narrow belt extending from Minnesota to New Hampshireand north into Ontario, generally following the northern range of its larval hostplant. Since pioneer settlement, populations have de­ clined an estimated 99%, with 90% of the decline occurring in the last 10 to 15 years. Currently, the spedes is extirpated in The Endangered Karner Blue: three states (OH, PA, MA) and Ontario. Michigan and Wis­ consin appear to have the greatest number of extant popula­ Big Plight for a Little tions, and thus offer some of the best opportunities for re­ search and future Kamer blue management. Butterfly So what has caused the Kamerblue'splight? The butterfly' s rangewide decline has been attributed to severe habitat loss and degradation. The Kamer blue occupies a unique prairie­ Catherine M. Papp like habitat, known in the midwest as "oak savanna" and in Deparbnent of Entomology, Michigan State the East as "pine barrens". Typically, these are xeric, sandy University, East Lansing, MI areas characterized by low tree density and grassy openings where wild lupine grows amid native prairie grasses and other flowering plants. Periodic fires are required to keep the Ifyou are out walking near the woods this spring, you will grasses and trees from crowding out the lupine, and the likely catch glimpses of small blue wings fluttering across Kamer blue. Today, only a fraction of the historic savannas your path. Most of us will recognize the spring azure, one of and barrens remain as a result of development, agriculture, the season's first and mostcommonbutterflies. However, few silviculture, fire suppression and other modifications. are aware of the springtime appearance in Michigan and a few otherstates ofa not-so-common and, in fact, endangered blue butterfly, the Kamer blue (Lycaeides melissa samuelis). On 14 December 1992, the Karner The Kam erblue is a small yet brilliantly colored butterfly, with the wings of the male a silvery or purplish blue and the blue became the fourteenth in female a darker brown-blue with striking orange crescents along the hind wing margins. There are two generations per the United States to be added to the year. Adult butterflies utilize a variety of nectar sources, but larvae of both spring and summer generations feed exclu­ federal list of endangered species. sively on wild lupine (Lupinus perennis). On 14 December 1992, the Kamer blue became the four­ teenth insect in the UnitedStates to be added to the federal list With input from research on the biology andecology of the of endangered. species. Growing concerns regarding drastic Kamer blue, plans can be developed for management and population declines over the last decade have finally brought restorationof savanna and barren habitats. In particular, I am the butterfly to federal attention. What has this meant for the investigating the relationship between Kamer blue popula­ diminutive Kam er blue? An immediate response of state, tions and the density and distribution of lupine, adult nectar federal and private agencies to iniplement research into the sources, and percent canopy cover. This information will aid needs of the butterfly. The goal is to develop a recovery plan managers in creating and maintaining the type of habitat that to stop further decline and hopefully to increase current should sustain Kamer blue populations. In addition, I am population sizes. In Michigan, the Kamer blue is prOviding a unique oppor­ if:@fNJ1f'OfNJllJIfElf)) ON PAGE 12­ tunity for cooperation among several agencies, and through

IIIIiii December, 1993 fM~W~D,,~IfIf~mJ of the MICHIGAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY V38(4) _

, ~~------~ Butterfly House at Michigan State Uni­ not, however, print the label.) Available versity and T-shirts. The MSU Butterfly on 5.25" and 3.5" disks. Price $5.00 + Notices and Tropical Rainforestgreenhousesare $1.50 shipping & handling. Order from: (Notices will be run for a year or 4 n umbers of open to the public: 8-5 weekdays, 10-2 Joe McMahon; 89 Western Ave.; the Newsletter unless notified to drop them . weekends. The greenhouses are near the Chillicothe, Ohio 45601-2433. Members desiring longer runs should notify Collingwoodcampusentrance off Grand newsletter editor, Robert Haack, USDA For­ River Avenue on the north side of the Wanted: Literature - gifts of books, est Service, Nisbet Bldg., Rm. 220, 1407 S. campus, west of the Student Services papers, reprints, seconds, etc. for a small Harrison Rd., East Lansing, MI 48823.) and Natural Science Buildings. T-shirts but growing regional insect collection ($15) and sweatshirts [$25 (50% polyes­ (about 35,000 specimens) and library. A ter) or $30 (100% cotton)] are for sale to limited personal budget allows for re­ Meeting. Michigan Mosquito Control raisefundsto support the butterfly house: payment of shipping charges and some Association Annual Meeting, 3-4 Febru­ $15 each. The shirt features a Mormon purchases. Contact: Stuart M. FuHerton, ary 1994, Kalamazoo Ramada Inn, butterfly. Various sizes and colors are Curator; Biology Dept.; Univ. of Central Kalamazoo, MI. Contact: Charles available at the Butterfly House or by Florida; PO Box 25000; Orlando, FL Dinsmore, 2180 N. Meridian, Midland, mail. Contact: Butterfly House; Michi­ 32816. gan State University; Department of MI 48657-9501. Phone: 517-687-5044. Research Opportunities for qualified Entomology; 230 Natural Science Build­ investigatorsat the Huron Mountains in Meeting, 20th International Congress ing; East Lansing, MI 48824. of Entomology,25-31 August 1996, Flo­ the upper peninsula of Michigan. Sub­ rence, Italy. Contact: Organizing Secre­ New Book: "Discover Butterflies" by mit project proposal and resume (and tariat; O.I.e.; Via A. La Marmora, 24; Gary A. Dunn.9.5 x 12.5 inch, hardcover, budget iffinancial support is requested) 50121 Florence, Italy. Ifinterested please with over 100 full-color photographs. by March 1 of each year to: Dr. David write prior to 31 December 1993 to be Send check for $10.95 plus$1.50 (s&h) to Gosling, Director of Research; Huron put on future mailings about the Con­ Gary Dunn, 1915 Peggy Place, Lansing, Mountain Wildlife Foundation; 69063 gress, to show intent on attending, and MI 4891O. Wallowa Road; White Pigeon, MI 49099­ to give the possible content of your oral 9745. Phone: 616-651-6417; FAX: 616­ ForSale: Light traps, 12vOCor110vAC paper if you wish to present. 651-3679. with 8 or 15 watt black lights. Traps are Meeting. 14th North American Prairie portable, with rain drain. Also, custom Software: EntomolOgical and botanical Conference,12-16July 1994,KansasState made light fixtures for any light trap. clip art at starving artists' prices" Em­ University. Contact: Division of Con­ Stainless steel design; mercury vapor, bellish and highlight your class hand­ tinuing Education; Conference Office; sun lamp, black light, etc. Controls with outs, newsletters, and publications with Kansas State University; 247 College photo-cellortimer. For information, free "Classic Bug Art" for the Mac or PC; Court Building; Manhattan, KS 66506­ brochure, and price list, contact: Leroy Insect Clip Art, Vol. 1-2 (Mac); orBotani­ 6006. Koehn; 6058 Campbell Rd.; Mentor on cal Clip Art Stack (Mac). Send today for the Lake, Ohio 44060. Phone: 216-257­ free information: Entomation,2742 Bea­ Fellowships and Grants. The 0796. con Hill, Ann Arbor, MI 48104-6502. Smithsonian Institution Fellowship and Internship Program for Research in1994­ ComputerProgram to add Latitude and Wanted: Data on Michigan butterflies 1995 is accepting postdoctoral and Longitude to your labels. Simply insert for use in a new publication on the but­ predoctoral applications through 15 the Latitude and Longitude from the terflies ofMichigan. Doubtful specimens January 1994. Proposal in the area of bottom comer of a topographical map can be forwarded for determination or Biological Sciences can be made. Con­ and the distance in millimeters from the confirmation. Especially interested in tact: Smithsonian Institution; Office of edges to your collection point. The pro­ Lycaenidae and Hesperiidae records. Fellowship and Grants; 955 L'Enfant gram does the rest! For IBM PC's or Contact M. e.Nielsen, 3415 Overlea Dr., Plaza; Suite 7000; Washington, D.e. clones with printer provision. (It will Lansing,MI48917.Phone:517-321-2192. 20560. Phone: 202-287-3271. Exchange. Interested in exchanging Taxonomic Help Needed! specimens from the Philip pines: Carabidae, Cetonidae, Cicindelidae, The N atuIe Conservany is seeking volunteers to help identify Anthribidae, Scarabaeidae, Ceram­ bycidae, Curculionidae (Pachy­ insect specimens collected on their preserves. This inventory rrhynchus), Tenebrionidae, Cleridae, is partof a study to look at the effects of prescribed burningon Elateridae, Fulgoridae, Membracidae, invertebrates. For details contact: Nancy Sferra; The Nature and Phasmid ae. Contact: Ismael Conservancy; 2840 East Grand River Avenue; Suite 5; East O. Lumawig; P.O. Box 2684; Manila, Lansing~ Michigan 48823. Phone: 517-332-1741. Philippines.

December, 1993 fMrgWW~fLrg[j'[j'rgfff1 of the MICHIGAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY V38(4) {(;@JNrf{OIMOJ~@ FROM FRONT PAGE- Significant mortality was recorded eluded the nymphalid butterfly, for 11 of 25 assayed against Asterocampa dyton, two species of Laboratory Studies Foray: obscura Stkr., C. vidua (J. Geometridae, Alsophiia pometaria and E. Smith), C. ilia (Cram.), c. coccinata Ennomos magnaria, and the lasiocampid, We haveevaluated two Btk products, Grt., C. lineella Grt., Amphipyra Malacosoma disstria. Nine species of Foray48B and Dipel8AF, in ourlabora­ pyramidoides Gn., Lithophane grotei Riley, Noctuidae were evaluated for their sus­ tory bioassays. Larvae of 41 species of Xystopeplus (=/odia) rufago (Hbn.), ceptibility to Dipe!. Of these, only native Lepidopterawereassayed against Eutolype rolandi GrL, and Psaphida Catocala vidua, Lithophane grotei and Foray; 14 of these species were also as­ resumens Wlk.. Significan t mortalitywas Eupsilia vinulenta showed significant sayed against Dipel. All larvae were recorded for penultimate-instar larvae mortality during the 5-day post-treat­ evaluated in an instar in which they of C. praeclara G. & R at day 7, but last ment period. A fourth noctuid, occurin theSpring when Btk is typically instar larvae of this species apparently Amphipyra pyramidoides, succumbed by applied to suppress or eradicate gypsy were unaffected by Foray 48B. N octuids d ay 7. The noctuids, L. unimoda, moth populations. To treat host seed­ not affected by the Foray product in­ sericea, Sunira bicolorago, lings or foliage bouquets, we applied a cluded C. sordida Grt., C. similis Edw ., L. alurina and Abagrotis alternata neat application of Foray 48B or Dipel petulca Grt., L. unimoda (Lint.), Eupsilia were insensitive to Dipel-treated foli­ 8AF at a rate that approximated the vinule nta (GrL), signata age, as was obliquata, the only aerial application of 14.4 (Foray) or 16 (French), Metaxaglaea semitaria Franc., native lymantriid evaluated in our as­ (DipeD BIU's/ha, using a Mini­ Chaetaglaea sericea (Morr.), Sunira says. Larvae of all three species evalu­ Beecomist nozzle in a cylindrical spray bicolorago (Gn.), Xylotype capax (Grt.), ated in early instars against Dipel suc­ tower. Larval mortality was monitored Orthosia alurina (Sm.), O. hibisci (Gn.), cumbed following treatment, asdid four daily for 5 or 7 days; pupal survivorship alternans (Wlk.) and Abagrotis of the 11 species tested as later instar and weights were also recorded. alternata (Grt.). larvae. Significant mortality was recorded We expected that, like gypsy moth for 22 of the 41 Lepidoptera evaluated in larvae, early instar larvae of native spe­ Field Studies the Foray assays. Larvae ofthreebutter­ cies would be susceptible to Btk, and 17 fly species, Papilio glaucus L., Speyeria of the 19 species evaluated in the first or In our field program, we studied the diana (Cram.) and Asterocampa dyton second instar with Foray succumbed impacts of Bt onnon-target Lepidoptera (Bdv. & Leconte), all died within 5 days. following treatment. However, second in ten 20-ha plots in the Goshen Wildlife Larvae of another butterfly, Basilarchia instar larvae of the noctuid Lithophane Management Area, Rockbridge County, (=Limenitis) arthemis astyanax (F.), sur­ petulca and first instar larvae of the noc­ Virginia. Five of the plots were sprayed vived for the first five days of the assay tuid Egira alternans apparently were not with Btk (Foray 48B, 14.4 BIU's/ha) on with only 10% mortality, but all larvae/ affected. We also expected that the later 14 May 1992. Several sampling proce­ pupae subsequently d ied befo re ­ instar larvae of native species, as is the dures were employed to measure Btk tion/eclosion. Four of seven species of case with gypsy moth larvae, would be effects: Foliage sampling to collect lar­ Geometridae[Alsophilapometana(Harr.), less susceptible to the effects of Btk. But vae from three strata in the forest (oak Ennomos magnaria Gn., Lam bdina in our assays significant mortality was canopy, oak subcanopy, and blueberry fervidaria (I·Ibn.) and Eutrapela d emataria recorded for eight of the 24 species that understory); burlap banding to collect (J. E. Smith)] were significantly affected were assayed in later (third to last) in­ day-resting on oak boles; by the Foray treatment within 5 d ays of stars. These included the nymphalids and lighttrappingto collect adultmoths. consuming treated foliage. Larvae of a Basilarchia arthemis astya nax and Foliage samples werecollected 2 days fifth species, Prochoerodes transversata Asterocampa dyton, the geometrid before treatment, and 6 and 12 days (Dr ury), succumbed by day 7. Alsophiia pometaria, and the noctuids after treatment in 1992. Foliage samples Geometrids not affected by Foray were Catocala ilia, C. coccinata, Amphipyra were taken on 18 and 25 May, and 1 June Phigalia titea (Cram.) and Euchlaena pyramidoides, Lithophane grotei and in 1993-dates that were phenologically obtusaria (Hbn.). Significant mortality Eutolype rola ndi. comparable to the 1992 sampling dates. was recorded for the lasiocampid, We record ed signifi cant intrageneric About 9000 foliage samples (15-20 cm Malacosoma disstria Hbn., in which 86% differences in Btk susceptibility among branch tips) were collected oneach sam­ of the larvae died within the 5~ay post­ the eight species of Catocala we evalu­ pling date (3000 from scarlet , treatment period. Nearly 100% of the ated, and among the three species of Quercus coccinea Muenchh., in the larvae of three saturniid , Lithophane. Only six of the Catocala and canopy, 3000 from scarlet oaks in the Hemileuca maia (Drury), Antheraea one of the Lithophane were susceptible to subcanopy, and 3000 from blueberry, polyphemus (Cram.) and Actias luna L., the Foray product. Vaccinium vacillans Torr., in the forest died within five days of consuming Fourteen non-target species were understory). These tips were then visu­ Foray-treated foliage. We evaluated a evaluated for their susceptibility to Dipel ally inspected and alliepidopterous lar­ single native lymantriid , Dasychira 8AF; seven of these showed significant vae were removed and placed in indi­ obliquata (G. & R ), in the Foray assays, mortality during the 5-day post-treat­ vidual rearing containers. A combined and it was not significantly affected by ment period. Susceptible species in- total of over 10,000 lepidopterouslarvae the treatment.

____ December, 1993 fNJ~r!i!I~fL.Blf~f1f1 of the MICHIGAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY V38(4) _

= were collected from foliage on the three Discussion defoliation. In their field studies in West sample dates in 1992. About 500 of the Virginia, Sample et al. (1993) determined larvae were Macrolepidoptera; 314 (63%) In our laboratory studies, we have that gypsy moth defoliation caused a were from untreated plots. Of the 9544 demonstrated Btk toxicityina wide range reduction in richness and abundance of microlepidopterous larvae collected in of taxa representing seven families of both larvae and adults of native lepi­ foliage in 1992, 5476 (57%) were from Lepidoptera. The results of these stud­ dopterans. Impacts from defoliation untreated plots. In 1993, approximately ies indicate the difficulties in generaliz­ were most significant in those taxa that 4,000 larvae were collected in the foliage ing about susceptibility of native lepi­ were direct competitors with gypsy moth samples. Macrolepidopterous larvae dopteran species to Btk. For example, larvae, particularly larvae of oak-feed­ totaled 556; 263 (47%) were from un­ although early instar geometrid and ing species. treated plots. There were 3504 microl­ noctuid larvae tend to be more suscep­ There is a growing body of data that epidopterous larvae in the 1993 foliage tible than later instars to both Foray and deals with the impacts of Btk and gypsy samples, of which 1930(55%) were from Dipel, the early instar larvae of some moth defoliation onnative Lepidoptera. untreated plots. species are seemingly unaffected (at least However, considerable research is still Burlap samples were taken from each by the Foray product) following con­ needed to evaluate impacts of Btk and of four 20-tree transects (10 scarlet oaks sumption of Bt-treated foliage. As for defoliation on additional vertebrate and and 10 chestnut oaks, Quercus prinus L.) laterinstar larvae, most, but not all, were invertebrate species, to evaluate these in each plot. Samples were collected 1-2 immune to the effects of Btk. The fact effects in a wider variety of habitats and times weekly during the period 14 May thatwerecorded intragenericdifferences in larger study areas, and to study the to 16 Junein 1992, and from 19 May to 18 in susceptibility in the two noctuid gen­ relative impacts of Btk application ver­ June 1993. Over 700 macrolepidopterous era, Catocala and Lithophane, raises fur­ sus defoliation over more sites in the larvae were collected under burlap dur­ ther que$tions concerning our ability to ever-expanding range of the gypsy moth. ing the 1992 sampling period. Of these, generalize about Btk susceptibility in 559 (ca. 78%) were collected inuntreated native Lepidoptera. References Cited plots. In 1993, the macrolepidopterous We conclude from ourlaboratory data larvae taken under burlap totaled 1471; that susceptibility to Btk must be dealt Anonymous. 1992. Gyspy Moth News 901 (61 %) were collected in untreated with on a species-to-species basis, and 29:14-15. USDA Forest Service, Forest plots. for some taxa, on an instar-to-instar ba­ Health Protection, Morgantown, WV. Six of the eight most common sis. This will complicate management Bellocq, M.L, J.F. Bendell and B.L. macrolepidopteran species taken under decisions involving the widespread use Cadogan. 1992. Effects of Bacillus burlap in 1992 were apparently impacted ofBt, particularly where species of "spe­ thuringiensis on50rex cinereus (masked by the Bt treatment. The larvae of three cial concern" (threatened, endangered, . of these species, Satyrium calanus (Hbn.) shrew) populations, diet, and prey etc.) are involved. Presently, Hemileuca selection in a jack pine plantation in (Lycaenidae), Malacosoma disstria maia (which is state-listed in Massachu­ northern Ontario. Can. J. Zool. 70:505­ (Lasiocampidae), and Orthosia rubescens setts and Connecticut) is the only spe­ 510. (Wlk.) (Noctuidae), were almost totally cies of "special concern" for which sus­ James, R.R., J.C Miller and B. Lighthart. absent in treated plots. Other species ceptibility to Btk is known. 1993. Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki whose numbers under burlapappeared Preliminary results from foliage sam­ to be significantly less in treated plots affects a beneficial insect, the cinnabar pling in 1992 suggest that both macro­ moth (Lepidoptera:Arctiidae). J. Econ. were Hemileuca maia (), and microlepidopterans were affected Hbn. (Arctiidae), Entomol. 86:334-339. Hypoprepia fucosa by the Bt treatment. The relative abun­ Phoberia atomeris Hbn. (Noctuidae) and dance of 16 of the 19 most common taxa Miller, J.C 1990. Field assessment of the (Wik.) (Noctuidae), Lithophaneantennata collected in foliage samples decreased effects of a microbial pest control agent along with a category we designated as in the treatment plots; 12 of the 16 were on nontarget Lepidoptera. Amer. "combined miscellaneous microlepidopterans. There were no ap­ Entomol. 36:135-139. Geometridae." The lymantriid, Dasychira parent differences between treated and Rodenhouse, N.L. and R.T. Holmes. obliquata, which was also unaffected by untreated plots in the total numbers of 1992. Results of experimental and Btk in our laboratory bioassays; likewise either macro- or microlepidopterans in natural food reductions for breeding was apparently unaffected in the field. the 1993 foliage samples. Thus it ap­ black-throated blue warblers. Ecology A single light trap was deployed in pears that in terms of total non-target 73:357-372. the approximate center of each plot and larvae in foliage, there had been an ap­ was operated once or twice per week Sample, B. E., L. Butler, C Zivkovich parent recovery in 1993 from any treat­ and R. C Whitmore. 1993. Evaluation from about 1 April until late September ment effect in 1992. We have not yet had in each year. Several thousand moths of Bacillus thuringiensis and defolia­ the opportunity to evaluate the recov­ tion effects on native Lepidoptera. were collected in light traps in both 1992 ery rate of individual species. and 1993. Identification, counting and USDA Forest Service, Northeastern It is important to balance the above sorting of the light-trapped moths, and Area, Forest Health Protection, Appa­ findings against the impacts on native analysis of the light trap data are cur­ lachian Integrated Pest Management, Lepidoptera that result fromgypsy moth rently in progress. NA-'TP-10-93. 12 pp. _ December, 1993 fM~W~fL.~'if''if'~m1 of the MICHIGAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY V38(4) iiiiIIIII Three Foreign Swallowtail Butterflies Listed as Endangered

Robert A. Haack USDA Forest Service, East Lansing, MI

Three more were listed as endangered by the U.S. sheep. Construction of ski resorts on the island of Corsica Fish and Wildlife Service in January 1993 (USFWS 1993a). have also affected some of the insect's habitat. On Corsica, This brings the current world wide total to 19 insects listed as current French law prohibits collecting of this butterfly, endangered (15 U.S. and 4 foreign) and 9 threatened (all from whereas there are no such laws on Sardinia (Collins and the U.S.; Table 1). Insects now comprise about 2% of all Morris 1985, USFWS 1993a). animals listed as threatened or endangered worldwide (19 of 941; Table 1). References The three newly li sted insects are all swallowtail butter­ flies in the genus Papilio (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae). They Collins, N.M. and M.G. Morris. 1985. Threatened swallowtail include the Luzon peacock swallowtail (Papilio chikae), the butterflies of the world . The IUCN red data book. Interna­ Homerus swallowtail (Papilio homerus), and the Corsican tional Union for Conservation of Nature, Gland, Switzer­ swallowtail (Papilio hospiton). Although some collection pres­ land.,401 pp. sure exists, habitat destruction is the principal threat to the Fitter, M. 1988. Twelve critically endangered species. Species continued existence of these species. Each of these three (the newsletter of the International Union for Conserva­ swallowtail butterflies waslisted earlierasendangered by the tion of Nature, Species Survival Commission) 10: 22-24. IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature). The only other foreign insect currently listed by the USFWS is also Haack, RA. 1991. Endangered and threatened insects in the a papilionid butterfly: Queen Alexandra's birdwing (Troides United States and Michigan. Newsletter of the Michigan alexandrae) (Haack 1991); it was listed on 21 September 1989 Entomological Society 37(2-3):1-8. (USFWS 1993a). U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 1993a. Endangered and threat­ The Luzon peacock swallowtail is among the most beauti­ ened wildlife and plants; endangered status for three ful paplionids. It is native to a mountainous area of the foreign butterflies. Federal Register, 14 January 1993, Philippines, which is also a popular summer resort area. 58(9): 4356-4359. Other developments in this area and current road construc­ u.s. Fish and Wildlife Service. 1993b. Box score: listings and tion are reducing the available habitat for this species. There recovery plans. USFW5, Endangered Species Technical are no current laws protecting either the species or its habitat Bulletin 18(3): 24. (Collins and Morris 1985, USFWS 1993a). The Homerus swallowtail is the largest species of swallowtail in the Tablet . Number of animals and plants that are listed by the U5FWS asendangered western hemisphere, with a wing­ or threatened in the United States (U.5.) and elsewhere in the world (Foreign) as spanofabout6 inches. Itis native to of September 1993 (U5FW5 1993b) and September 1991 (Haack 1991). the mountainous areas of Jamaica in the West Indies. The main threat to this species is habitat destruc­ September 1993 September 1991 tion. Once found throughout the Endangered Threatened Endangered Threatened island of Jamaica, it is nowrestricted Category U.S. Foreign U.S. Foreign U.S. Foreign U.S. Foreign to two disjunct forested areas (Collins and Morris 1985, USFWS Mammals 56 250 9 22 55 249 8 22 1993a). The IUCN highlighted this Birds 73 153 17 0 73 153 12 0 species as 1 of 12 critically endan­ Reptiles 16 64 17 14 16 64 18 14 gered species worldwide (Fitter Amphibians 6 8 5 0 6 8 5 0 1988). Fishes 58 11 37 0 53 11 34 0 The Corsican swallowtail has a Snails 12 1 7 0 7 6 0 wingspan of abou t 3 inches and is Clams 51 2 5 0 39 2 2 0 native to the French island of Crustaceans 11 0 2 0 8 0 2 0 Corsica and the Italian island of Insects 15 4 9 0 13 1 9 0 Sardinia. On both islands, popula­ Arachnids 5 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 tionsof this butterfly have declined dramatically. The larval foodplant Total animals 303 493 109 36 273 493 96 36 is often destroyed by local people Total plants 324 1 78 2 209 1 61 2 because it is believed poisonous to Total species 627 494 187 38 482 490 157 38 ilia December, 1993 fM~ Vfi~fL ~Tf'Tf'~ff& of the MICHIGAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY V38(4) _ 1993 MES Membership List

ABRAMSON, MARC E., E. 724 Owen Hall, Michigan BEZARI<, LARRYG.,52146th St.,Sacramento, CA95819. CASEJR, FREDERICK W., 7275Thornapple Ln., Saginaw, State Univ., E. Lansing, MI 48825-1109. BIDDINGER, DAVID, Penn. State Fruit Res. Station, 290 MI 48603. Moths, esp. HyaIopIwra col_bia. ADKINS, DEAN A., Dept. of Biology, Marshall Univ., University Dr., Biglerville, PA 17307. N.A. LEPI­ CASSANI,JOHNR,14370OrangeRiverRd.,FortMyers, Huntington, W. Va. 25701 . Biology & ecology, aquatic DOPTERA & COLEOPTERA. FL33905. DIPTERA: Culicidae, Chironomidae; LEPI­ insects, PLECOPTERA, Capniidae, Allocllp,lill. BI05IS, U.K, Garforth House,54 Micklegate, York North DOPTERA. ALEXANDER, RICHARD D., 10731 Bethel Church Rd., Yorkshire, YOllLF ENGLAND. (Institutional mem­ CEBULSKI, BURTON, P.O. Box 554, Adrian, MI 49221 Manchester, MI 48158. ORlHOPTERA, cicadas. ber) Odonata ALLEN, DOUGLAS c., State Univ., College of Environ. BISHOP, BEIH A., Dept. of Entomology, Michigan State CEBULSKI, BURTON, P.O. Box 554, Adrian, MI 49221 Science & Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210. LEPI­ Univ., E. Lansing, MI 48824. Odonata DOPTERA: northern hardwood defoliators, ecology, BISHOP, D. BRYAN, Dept. of Entomology, Michigan cEBULSKI, KERRY, P.O. Box 554, Adrian, MI 49221 parasite/host relationships, impact of defoliation. State Univ., East Lansing, MI 48824. HY­ Odonata ALlRE, JENNIFER, 243 Natural Science Building, Dept MENOPTERA: Formicidae,Formica; HOMOPTERA: OiEMLAWNCORP., Resch. &: Devel., P.O. Box 349003, ofEntomology, Michigan State University, East Lan­ Coccidae, Toum~ eI/a; Aphididae=N. Central MI. Columbus, OH 43234. sing, MI 48824. N. American COLEOPTERA, Esp. BLAND, ROGER G., Dept. of Biology, Central Mich. GllCAGO BOTANIC GARDEN LIBRARY, P.O. Box Leptinotassa decomiineata. Univ., Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859. 400, Glencoe, IL 60022. (Institutional member) ANDERSON, MARILYN P., P.O. Box 551, San Diego, CA BLAy, JORGE A. SANTIAGO, 218 Wellman Hall, Dept. CHILCOTE, CHARLEY A., 3190 E. LakeLansingRd., E. 92112. of Entomol. Sci., Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA Lansing, MI 48823-1568. ANDERSON, RICHARD L., EPA-Environmental Re­ 94720. CHONG L., LUIS M., Lab. Of Entomology, Dept. of Biol­ search Laboratory, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN BLOOMER, ARTHUR W., 6335 S. Grove Rd., St. Johns, ogy, CNSC, P.O. Box 30-250, Taipei,Taiwan, CHINA. 55804. Toxic effects of pollutants on PLECOPTERA, MI 48879-9254. LEPIDOPTERA, COLEOPTERA (Lucanidae, EPHEMEROPTERA, TRICHOPTERA, and BLUMK, LORA, 929 5. 25th St., Manitowoc, WI 54220­ Cerambycidae, E1ateridae, Curculionidae). DIPTERA. 4803. COLEOPTERA. OARAMITARO, CHARLES M., 3106 Lake Side Dr., ANZALDUA, SHARON E., Dept of Public Health, 3500 BONDY, PETER, 550 Rosedale, Windsor, Ontario, ShelbyTownship, MI 48316. Natural/biologicalcon­ N. Logan, POBox 30035, Lansing, MI 48909. Mites on CANADA N9C 2N6. ODONATA. trol; geographic areas. honey bees, aquatic insects, Collembola. BOOTH, HOWARD D., 7N. Normal, Ypsilanti,MI48197. CLAPP, DAYID,Illinois Natural HistorySurvey, Sullivan, APPLEBY, JAMES E., Natural History Swvey, 607 E. BORAK, IRENE, 4845 217th St. N., Forest Lake, MN IL 61951. Aquatic insects=PLECOPTERA, Peabody, o,ampaign, IL 61820. 55025. Forest insects. (Sustaining member). EPHEMEROPTERA. APSEY, ROBERT, 1506 BeaverCreek, Belmont, MI 493O&­ BORKIN, SUSAN SULLIVAN, 2119 E. Wood Place, CLARK, LEWIS, RRl, Box 168C, Vershire, VT 05079­ 9409. ARACHNIDA, COLEOPTERA, ODONATA, Shorewood, WI 53211. LEPIDOPTERA. 9801. COLEOPTERA: Carabidae. MECOPTERA. BOUSEMAN, JOHN K., Section of Economic Entomol­ CLARK, SEAN, Dept of Entomology, Michigan State ARDUSER, MICHAEL S., 325 Atlanta Ave., St. Louis, ogy, Illinois Natural History Survey, 172 Natural University, East Lansing, MI 48824 MO 63119-1810. HYMENOPTERA. Resources Bldg. 607 E. Peabody, Champaign, IL COGGINS, MARGI, 3625 Tracy Ave., Kansas City, MO ARNOLD, WILUAM JAMES, 153 Woodland Dr., Hun­ 61820-6970. Biosystematics of Cerambycidae, 64109-2737. Field crop insects. tington, W. VA. 25705-1349. Spiders, skippers, but­ Chrysomelidae, and meloideaof the world; Apoidea COLE, AMY M., Dept. of Entomology, Michigan State terflies-Central Appalachia, Kentucky & Ohio. ofthe WestemHemisphere; and soybean-associated Univ., E. Lansing, MI 4824-1115. of the world. COLLINS, ROBERT D., Rt.5, Box 13.5A, Lawrence, KS BAm CATHERINEE., Dept. ofBiology, Eastern Michi­ BOVEE, SEfON, 39 Balfour Dr., Coldwater, MI 49036. 66046. COLEOPTERA. gan Univ., Ypsilanti, MI 48197. General Teaching in Bio. Sci. COLLISON, CLARENCE H., Dept. of Entomology, BALL, JOHN, 1533 Orchard Dr., Brookings, SD 5700&­ BRAMMER, COLIN, 13530 Courtland Ave., Brookfield, MAFES,P.O. DrawerEM, Mississippi State,MS39762 3247. WI 53005-7512 CONROY, JOHN c., Dept. of Biology, University of BALLARD JR, HARVEY E., Dept. of Botany, Univ. of BRAND, RAYMOND H., Morten Arboretum, Lisle, IL Winnipeg, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3B 2E9,CANADA. , 132 Birge Hall, 430 Lincoln Dr., Madison, 60532. COLLEMBOLA: Worldwide and U.S. Acari-Hydrachne1lae: ecology-. WI 53706. midwest. CONWAY, PATRICK, J., 4533 Stanley, Downers Grove, BALOGH, GEORGE, 6275 Liteolier, Portage, MI 49002. BRANDELL, KENNE1H R, 7648 Scott Rd, Olivet, MI IL 60515. North American RHOPALOCERA LEPIDOPTERA. (Sustaining Member) 4907&-9637. COOK, DAYID R, Dept. of Biology, Wayne State Univ., BAND, HENREITA T., Dept. ofZoology, Michigan State BRATT, A. L., Dept. of Biology, Calvin Coli., Grand Detroit, MI 48202. Acarology: HYDRACARINA. Univ.,E. Lansing, MI 48824 DIPTERA; Drosophilidae Rapids, MI 49546. Acalyptrate DIPTERA: COONEY, Paul, 16351 Glenmore, Fedfor, MIK 48240 Nearctic, holarctic. Sciomyzidae Esp. PherbeIlia. COOPER, RANDALL, 314 Hall St., Whitehall, MI 49461. BARNEY, ROBERT JOHN, CRS/Plant and Soil Science, BRISTOW, CATHERINE M., Dept of Entomology 243 Extension entomology; Integrated pest mgt. of fruit Kentucky State Univ., Frankfort, KY 40601. CO­ Natural Science Bldg, Michigan State Univ., E. lan­ & veg. insects. LEOPTERA; a,rysome1idae and Spheddae, collect­ sing, MI 48824-1031. Formicidae, Membracids, CORKUM.LYNDA D., Dept. ofBiologicalSciences, Univ. ing, pest control. Aphids -N. America. of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, CANADA N9B 3P4 BARR, WILLIAM F., Dept. ofEntomology, UnivofIdaho, BROWN,J.ALAN, l98ForestwoodDr.,Oakville, Ontario, CORNEIL, JEFFREY A., LT., NEPMU 7, Box 41, FPO AE Moscow, Idaho 83843. COLEOPTERA: Buprestidae CANADA L6J 4EG. Nearctic Rhopalocera, esp. NY 09619--4299. and Oeridae. Lycaenidae. COVELL JR,CHARLES V., Dept. of Biology, University BAUER, LEAH S., 4372 Greenwood Dr., Okemos, MI BRYANT, ROBERT S., 522 Old Orchard Rd., Baltimore, of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292 LEPIDOPTERA, 48864. Forest insects. MD21229. esp. of Kentucky. BAUMGARTNER, DONALD, 15OS.WalnutSt., Palatine, BURTON,JOHNJ.5., ARAMCOBox9070, Dhahran31311, COWAN, DA YIDP., Dept. of Biology, WestemMichigan IL 60067. DIPTERA: Calliphoridae, Culicidae. Em­ SAUDI ARABIA. 0Irys0ps

_ December, 1993 fN/~W~fL~trtr~fffl of the MICHIGAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY V38(4) iiiIIII DEYRUP, MARK, Archbold Biological Station, P ,O, Box EVANS, FRANCIS, Division ofBiological Sciences, U niv. GRAHAM, ELIZABETH A" 313A College of Nat. Res , 2057, Lake Pladd, FL 33852 Insects of dead conifers, of Mjch., Ann Arbor, MI 48109. Bldg., Univ. of Wis, - SP, Stevens Point, WI 54481. parasitoids of Cerambydds and wood borers, FARMER. DAVID K., 3852 Crawford Rd, Dryden, MI PLECOPTERA: Perlodidae. DIAMOND, MS C. J" 1429 Emerson, Lansing, MI 48906, 48428-9776 GRAVES, DR ROBERT c., Dept. of Biology, Bowling Nematodes, Heterodera & Meloidogyn sp, FARMER. JOHN, 221 Ideal St" Milan, MI 48160, Teach­ Green State Univ" Bowling Green, OH 43403. CO­ DlTIMER. NEAL, 2925 Mersey Ln Apt 4, Lansing, MI ing, biology. (Sustaining member), LEOPTERA

IIIIIi December, 1993 fM~W~{b~If If~(flJ of the MICHIGAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY V38(4) _ HOFFMAN,J.R., Dept. ofEntomology,Mich. State Univ., KEMP, WILLIAMP., USDA-ARS, Rangeland Insect Lab, LIBRARY ENTOMOLOGY RESEARCH, Res Br. Agric. E. Lansing, MI 48824. Bozeman, MT 59717-D00I. Aquatic insects, pest con­ Canada CEF Ottawa, CANADA KIA OC6. (Institu­ HOGG, DAVID B., Dept.of Entomology, Univ. of Wis­ trol, evolution, biology and ecology, forest pestman­ tional member) consin, Madison, WI 53706. agement. LIBRARY-SUBSCRIPTIONS, Field Museum of Natural HOLESKI, PAULM., 628 Linwood Dr., P.O. Box268,Rio KENAGA, EUG~'E E., 1584 E Pine River Rd., Midland, History, Chicago, IL 60605. (Institutional member) Grande, OH 45674. MI48640. LIBRARY VNIV. OF CALIFORNIA, Santa Barbara, CA HOLZBACH, JOHN E., 229 Maywood Dr., Youngstown, KENNEN, JONATHAN G., SUNY College of Environ­ 93106. (Institutional member) OH44512. mental Sdence and Forestry, One Forestry Dr., Syra­ LINTON, MARY, Goshen College, Goshen, IN 46526. HOLZMAN, RICHARD w., 1827 Westgate, Royal Oak, cuse,NY13210. EPHEMEROPTERA, MECOPTERA, NEUROPTERA, insects of Sleeping Bear Dunes. MI 48073-4138. Michigan LEPIDOPTERA. TRICHOPTERA, COLEOPTERA. LISK, PETER, 25040 Cherry Hill, Dearborn, MI 48124. HOPPE, AL, 1348 Sawdust Cr. Rd., Lapeer, MI 48446. KING, HERMAN, 1342Marble Rd., E. Lapsing, MI48823. LmAHORSKY, A.,.'lTON, RR#2, Corkery Road, Carp, Generalinsects &cropdamage;Teachingtechniques. Pentatomidae. Ontario, KOA lLO CANADA. HOWE,RICHARDT.,Eau OaireFruit, Inc., P.O. Box 327, KING, ROBERT M., 225 Winter Ave., Big Rapids, MI LITTLER, EUZABEIHA., 2231 PartridgePte. Rd., Alpena, Eau Oaire, MI 49111. 49307. MI 49707. RHOPOLOCERA. HUBBARD, MICHAEL D., Dept. of Entomology, Florida KINNEY, KARL, Entomology Dept., Univ. ofWisconsin, LOBBINS, JASON, Addison High School, 219 Comstock, A&M Univ., Tallahassee, FL 32307. 237 Russell Labs, 1630 Linden Dr., Madison, WI Addison, MI 49220. (Student member). EPHEMEROPTERA. 53705. LORING,STEVEN J., 4108Mission Bell Ave., LasCruces, HUBER, RONALD 1., 4637W. 69th Terrace, Prairie Vil­ KLEE, GEORGE E., 3920 Darlington, N.w. Canton, OH NM 88001. COLLEMBOLA, SYMPHYLA, lage, KS 66208. COLEOI'ffiRA esp. Cincindellidae of 44708. Formicidae; Opiliones and Aranea P AUROPODA, ARACHNIDA. Minn., LEPIDOPTERA: RHOPALOCERA, esp. (Arachnida). LOS ANGELES NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM, Re­ Hesperidae. KLOMPEN, HANS, Institute of Arthropodology and search Ubrary, 900 Exposition Blvd., Los Angeles, HUDSON, PATRICK, Great Lakes Fishery Lab., 1451 Parasitology, Southern Univ., Statesboro, CA 90007. (Institutional member). Green Rd., Ann Arbor, MI 48105. GA 3046G-3056. Acari, Ixodida and Sarcoptidae; LYNCH, ANN M., USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mtn. HUEBNER,LEONARDB., Univ. ofWisconsin-Madison, HYMENOPTERA. Forest & Range Exp. Stn., 240 W. Prospect, Fort Dept. ofEntomology, 237 Russel Labs, Madison, WI KLOPSHINSKE, RICHARD,61958Camation' Y, Olathe, Collins, CO 80526-2098. Forest regeneration insect 53706. Aquatic insects- ecology (femp. & permanent CO 81425-9588. LEPIDOPTERA. pests. ponds) ~ N. America/Europe. KLUESENER, ANDREW, 2956 Harrison Ave. #4, Cincin­ HUSBAND, ROBERTW., Dept. ofBiology, Adrian Coll., nati, OH 45211. LEPIDOPTERA. MACLEAN, BONNIE, Biology Department, Thiel Col­ Adrian, MI 49221. Mites on bumblebees. (Life mem­ KNIGHT, ALLENW., Dept. ofL.A.w.R, Univ.ofCalif., lege, Greenville, PA 16125. HYMENOPTERA: ber). Davis, CA 95616. PLECOPTERA; MEGALOPTERA: Bombus. Tanyderidae. MACRAE, TED c., 7500 Greenhaven Dr., Sacramento, IANNI, CONNIE, Ianni Butterfly Enterprises, P.O. Box KOCHENDERFER, ERIC J., 9217 N. Lake Rd., Fostoria, CA 95831-3908. Nearctic COLEOPTERA, esp. 81171, Oeveland, OH 44181. LEPIDOPTERA. MI 48435. Spiders, esp. Lycosidae: Geo/yCflSll. Buprestidae and Cerambyddae. IFTNER, DAVID c., 8 AlpineTrl., Sparta, NJ 07871-1620. KOEHN, LEROY 1., 6058 Campbell Rd., Mentor, OH MANLEY, GARY V., 14174 Hoffman Rd., Three Rivers, Life histories, larval foodplants, habitats, adult en­ 44060-3054. LEPIDOPTERA. MI 49093. COLEOPTERA, esp. Buprestidae (U.S. & ergy resources, and distributions of NewJersey but­ KORPAL, Karl, 2112 Garside Dr., Essexville, MI 48732 Neotropical) and wood boring groups. BenefidaI terflies; wetland and prairie butterflies. General entomology. arthropods & field crop pests. INFANTE, CATHY, 2015 W. Erickson Rd., Linwood, MI KRAFT, KENNETHJ., Biology Dept., Mich. Tech. Univ., MANOR JR., JAMES R, P.O. Box 670390, Chugiak, AK 48634. Houghton, MI 49931. LEPIDOPTERA: Olethreutidae. 99567-0390. LEPIDOPTERA, COLEOPTERA/forest !MAl, EDWIN M., 3402 Medina Ln., Bowie, MD 20715. KRIEGEL, ROBERT, 16600 Chandler, E. Lansing, MI pests. DIPrERA: Tephritidae. (Sustaining member). 48823. LEPIDOPTERA, esp. Papilionidae. MARSHALL, BREIT D., Dept. of Entomology, Virginia lRWIN, RODERICK R, Rural Rt. 3, Streator, IL 6i364. KUCHTA,STAN,1175Ravenwood,AnnArbor,MI48103. Tech., Blacksburg, VA 24061-0319. Aquaticentomol­ RHOPALOCERA, esp. distribution in Illinois. General ecology of Michigan spedes. ogy. IVENS, JAMES, 5549 36th Ave., Minneapolis, MN55417. KU1\'TZMAN, LONNIE, 7500 West N' Ave., Kalamazoo, MARSHALL, DAVID, 910 Packard A3, Ann Arbor, MI ODONATA & ORTHOPTERA. MI 49009. LEPIDOPTERA-Satumiidae: Great Lakes­ 48104 W. Mich. & U.P. MARSHALL, RICHARD, 41089 Maloff, Novi, MI 48375. JACKMAN, JOHN, Extension EntomolOgist, 411 Heep KURCZEWSKI, FRANK E., Environ. and Forest Biology, (Student member). Center, College Station, TX 77843-2475. LEPI­ S.U.N.Y., College of ES.&F., Syracuse, NY 13210. MARTINAT,PETERJ., 4938LafayeSt., NewOrleans, LA DOPTERA. Comparative behaviour of Pompilid and Sphedd 70122-6211. ODONATA, Immature insects, spiders. JASINSKI, JIM, 6600 River Downs Rd., #2A, Centerville, Wasps. MATHER, BRYA.,.'IT, 213 Mt. Salus Rd., Ointon, MS OH 45459-8206. 39056. LEPIDOPTERA, esp. of Mississippi. JEFFORDS, MICHAEL R, State Nat. Hist. Sur. Div., 607 LABERGE, W ALLACEE., Faunistics Div.,607E. Peabody MATTHEWS, ROBERT W., Dept. of Entomology, Univ. E. Peabody Dr., Champaign, IL 61820. Dr., Champaign, IL 61820. Ill. Nat. History Survey. of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602. Solitary wasps and JENNINGS, DANIEL T., P.O. Box 130, Garland, ME HYMENOPTERA: Apoidea, Formicoidea. bees; Braconidae. 04939. Araneae: Thomisidae, Philodromidae of LAFONTAINE. J. DoNALD, Agrirulture Canada, Bio­ MATTSON JR., WILLIAMJ., North Central Forest Expt. Maine. systematics Res. Centre, Ottawa, Ontario, CANADA Station, Forest Service-U.S.D.A., Stephen S. Nisbet JOHNS, DIANAP.,1861 N.Franklin, Dearborn,MI 48128. KIA OC6. LEPIDOPTERA: Noctuidae. Bldg., 1407 S. Harrison Rd., E. Lansing, MI 48823. Research/ecological re: Hemiptera, Coleoptera, Or­ LAKE, JOHN, 1911 Macdonald Dr., Swift Current, Forest insects. thoptera, Diptera. Saskatchewan, CANADA S9H2S8. LEPIDOPTERA. McADAMS, ROBERT W., P.O. Box 8, Roundlake, IL JOHNSON, KELLY S., Dept of Entomology, 321 Agr. LANDA, KEITH, Dept. ofBiology, Jordan Hall 142, Indi­ 60073. Ornamental insects. Bldg., Univ. of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701 ana Univ., Bloomington, IN 47405. McCABE, TIM 1., Cultural Education Center 3122, Al­ LEPIDOPTERA: Saturniidae; ecology& evolution of LMTDIS, DOUGLAS, 104B, Pest. Res. Cen., Michigan bany, NY 12230. LEPIDOPTERA: Noctuidae. host plant use. State Univ., E Lansing, MI 48824. McDOWELL, WILLIAM T., Town & Country Trl. 103, JOLIN, NORMAN, 100 E. Sherwood Rd., Williamston, LARSEN, KIRK }., Dept of Biology, Luther College, Carbondale, IL62901. COLEOPTERA: Cerambyddae, MI 48895. LEPIDOPTERA. Decorah, Iowa 52101. HOMOPTERA: Cicadellidae S.IL. (disease vectors), LEPIDOPTERA: Danaus plexippus. McENHILL, ELLEN, 6271 Hwy., Grand Ledge, KANNOWSKI, PAUL B., Biology Dept., Univ. of North LAWRENCE, ROBERT K., B7 Pestidde Res. Cen., Michi­ MI48837. Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 5820l-8238. HY­ gan State University, E. Lansing, MI 48824. McGROARTY, DENNIS, 3933 Willow Ridge, Holt, MI MENOPTERA: Formiddae. LEDERHOUSE, ROBERT, Dept. of Entomology, Mich. 48842. General entomology, ectoparasites. KAROWE, DAVID N., Dept. of Biology, Virginia Com­ State Univ., E Lansing, MI 48824. LEPIDOPTERA: McKOWN, STEPHANIE, 650 Cotterell Dr., Boise, ID monwealth Univ., 816 Park Ave., Box 2012, Rich­ Papilionidae. 83709. Moths of Nevada and S.W. deserts; Editor, mond, VA 23284-20U. LEPIDOPTERA. LEE JR., HARRY, 22646 MacBeth Ave., Fairview Park, Lepidoptera Sodety's News. (Life member). KASTER, CARL H., Biology Dept., Siena Hts. Coli., 1247 OH 44126. Carabidae, Geotnlpe5 sp., several small McLEOD, MURDICK J., Dept. Plant Science - S.D.5.U. E Siena Hts. Dr., Adrian, MI 49221. beetle families. Getting Ohio records into the litera­ Ag. Hall 246B, Box 2207A, Brooking, SD 57007. KATOVICH, STEV&'J' A., Wisconsin DNR, 1300 W. ture. McMAHON,JOE,89WestemAve.,Chillicothe,OH45601. Oairemont Ave., Eau Oaire, WI 54702. LEE JR., RICHARD E., Dept. of Zoology, Miami Univ., Collecting, taxonomy, biology, ecology, photogra­ KAUFMANN, 0.1., Dept. of Biology, Wis. State Univ., Oxford, OH 45056. phy of LEPIDOPTERA esp. Sphingidae and Microl­ Superior, WI 54880. COLEOPTERA: Chrysomelidae. LEGENDRE, MAR,K 3216 Beverly Dr., Toledo,OH4361~ epidoptera. KEELER,JOHN 0., 1 WMosherSt#101,MountPleasant, 4101. McPHERSON, J.E., Dept. of Zoology, Southern Illinois MI 48858-2332. LEPIDOPTERA larvae; CO­ LENTZ. ANTHONY J., 805 Knoll Rd., E. Lansing, MI Univ., Carbondale, IL 62901. Aquatic HEMIPrERA. LEOPTERA; nutritional aspects of insects. 48823. MEIER, PETER G., 2518 School ofPublicHealth, Univ. of KELTY, JOSEPH, Biology Dept., Highland Lakes Cam­ LEVESQUE, CLAIRE, 291Des Diamants, Fleurimont, Mich., Ann Arbor, MI 48104. pus, Oakland Comm. College, Union Lake, MI 48387. Quebec,J1G 4Al CANADA. Biology and ecology.

_ December, 1993 [}:!jfEfJW~fLfE{f(rrEfffl of the MICHIGAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY V38(4) iiIII MENGERSEN, ERNEST, Dept. ofEntomology, Olds Coil., O'BRIEN, MARK F., Insect Div., Museum of Zoology, 44691 . LEPIDOPTERA: Noctuidae (cutworm, army­ Olds, Alberta, CANADA TOM 11'0. Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109. HY­ worm and looper moths). MERCHANf, RONALD D., 4334 W. Holt Rd., Holt, MI MENOPTERA, behavior, collecting and taxonomy. ROBERTS, STEPHEN J., lllinois Natural History Survey, 48842. Fomtiodae. (Life member) O'CONNOR, BARRY M., Museum of Zoology, Univ. of 172 Natural Resources Bldg., 6fJ7 E. Peabody Dr., MERKHOFER, RM., 39 Parlcview Dr., Appleton, Wl Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109. Champaign, IL 61820. Forage crop insects, pest con­ 54915. LEPIDOPTERA, esp. CatOCJlia; midwest-great ODE, PHILIP E., eM. Depl of Biology, Thiel College, trol, behavior, biology and ecology. lakes region. Greenville, P A 16125. ROCK, JR, WILLIAM B., 3128 N. Kilbourn, Chicago, IL MERRfIT, RICHARD W., Dept. of Entomology, Mich. OEMKE. MARK P., 4464 Faussett Rd., Howell, MI 48843. 60641. State Univ., E. Lansing, MI 48824. DIPI'ER.A: Black­ Nepidae, Trichoptera, and tropical insects. ROCKETr, C LEE, Prof. of Biology, Bowling Green flies, Tabanids, Musicids, Chironomids, O'HARA, DOROTHY, PO Box 439, Palm City, FL 34990­ Univ., Bowling Green, OH 43403. Acarology. Mia:opezidae, botflies;COLEOPrERA: dungbeetles; 009. ROEPER, RIG-lARD A, Depl of Biology, 614 W. Supe­ forest recreation entomology, medical entomology, OLSEN, LARRY G., 13591 Tucker, DeWitt, MI 48820. rior St., Alma College, Alma, MI 48801. aquatic insects, biology and ecology, insect photog­ ROHRER, PHILLIP, 545 White Pigeon St., Constantine, raphy. PARK, RAMONA, 912 N. Arlington Heights Rd., Arling­ MI 49042. Relationship between mammals and in­ MERTINS, JAMES W., Mertins Music Studio, 3028 ton Heights, IL 60004. sects both as food and as parasites. Northridge Pky., Ames, IA SO010. PARKINSON, JAMES c., 1951 James St., Mosinee, Wl ROLTSCH, WILLIAM, c/o USDA, 4151 US Highway 86, MEfZLER, ERIC H., 1241 Kildale Sq. N. Columbus, OH 54455. Brawley, CA 92227-3167. 43229. LEPIDOPrERA. PARSHALL, DAVID K., 4424 Rosemary, Columbus, OH ROTH, JAMES c., 3781 Army Sl, San Francisco, CA MICHER, KELLY M, PO BOX 271, Axis, AL 36505. 43214. Behavior, taxonomy, evolution and insect 94110-4316. DIPrERA. Acarina: Ixodidae, Dermacentor, Ohio & Eastern photography of Ohio LEPIDOPTERA. RUESINK, WILLIAM G., RRS, Box 25AAA, Mahomet, IL U.S. P ARSHALL,STEPHENJ., 1709 Northfield Sq., Northfield, 61853-8907. 4-H Leader. MILLER. DEBORAH, 1671 Lake Lansing, Rd., Haslett, IL 60093. Butterflies & Spiders. RUGGIERO, MICHAEl. 12008 Marvel Ln., Bowie, MD MI 48840.HEMIPrERA: BoisGI trif1ittata inmid-Michi­ PASEK,JUDITHE., U.S. Forest Service, 501 E. St. Joe, S.D. 20715. LEPIDOPTERA ... Lasiocampidaeandaquatic gan. School of Mines & Tech., Rapid City, SO 57701. macroinvertebrates of the Great Lakes. MILLER JR, FREDRIC D., 1010 Jorie Blvd. #200, Oak PAVUK, DANIEL M., Dept. of Biology, Denison Univ., RIDll., SONDRA, 47Z7 Weinert Rd., Coleman, MI 4861S­ Brook, IL 60521-2240. Insects of Ornamental Plants. Granville, OH 43023. 8903. MILLER. SCOTf E., Bishop Museum, Box 19000-A, Ho­ PEACOCK, JOHN W., 51 Mill Pond Rd., Hamden, CT RUITER. DAVE, 6260 S. Grant St., Littleton, Colorado nolulu, HI 96817. LEPIDOPTERA, COLEOPTERA, 06514. Forest insects, LEPIDOPTERA. 80121-2279. Collecting, taxonomy, biology and ecol­ DERMAPrERA. PERKINS, OWEN A, 2806 Linwood Ave., Royal Oak MI ogy, insect photography, TRICHOffiRA of Colo­ MILLER. WILLIAM E., Depl of Entomology, Univ. of 48073. Butterflies. rado. Minnesota,St. PauL MN55108. Olethreutidae

IIIiIi December, 1993 fN}~ '1.f~[bgrr (gift! of the MICHIGAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY V38(4) _ ------

SHUEY, John, 1330 West 38th St, Indianapolis, IN 46208 TABOADA, OSCAR, Ent. Dept., Nat. Sci. Bldg., Mich. WALLENMAIER, mOMAS, 28815 Murray Crescent, SHULL, ERNEST M., 402 N. Wayne St., North Manches­ State U niv., E. Lansing, MI 48824. Cicadellidae. SouthIield, MI 48076 ter, IN 46962. LEPIDOPTERA of India and Indiana. TAFT JR, WILLIAM, 930 Locher Rd., Dewitt, MI 48820. WALKER, EDWARD D., Dept. ofEntomology, Michigan S.l. LIBRARIES-EXCHANGE, Smithsonian Institution, LEPlDOPTERA: Satumiidae (mid-western). State Univ., E. Lansing, MI 48824. Cul!cidae, Washington, OC 20560. (lnstitutionall"ember) TALSMA, Valerie L., Star Route Box 15, Bruce Crossing, Tabanidae of Michigan. SIMSER, DAVE, 237 HatchvilleRd., Falmouth, MA02536. MI49912 WALLACE,AUOAH., 1113S.JeffersonSt., BayCity,MI HYMENOPTERA; Nematoda. TAYLOR, DA VID, 305 Plant Indust Bldg., East Campus, 48708-7940. Ecology, control. SMJ.TI-L SANDY M., Faculty of Forestry, University of U niv. of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583-D938. WALT, JOHN, 545 Greenfield Dr., Freeport, IL 61032. Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, CANADA MSS lAl. TAYLOR, RICHARDS., 145ManorWay, RochesterHills, WALTZ, ROBERT D., Division of entomology, 402 West SMI11-L STEPHEN M., Dept of Biology, University of MI 48309-2027. (Sustaining member). Washington St., Rm. W290, Indianapolis, IN 46204. Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, CANADA N2L 3Gl TAYLOR, STEVEN J., Dept. ofZoology,Southern illinois WATSON, PHILUP L, Dept. of Biological Sci., Ferris SNIDER, RICHARD J., Dept. of Zoology, Mich. State Univ., Carbondale, IL 6290H;501. HEfEROPTERA, State Univ., Big Rapids, MI 49307. (Sustaining mem­ Univ., E. Lansing, MI 48824. COLLEMBOLA Esp. Aradidae. ber) SNITGEN, DONALD A., 679 Shelter Bay, Autrain, MI TENHAVE, JOHN R, 911 Giddings, S.E., Grand Rapids, WEBER, LARRY A, Box 1203, Rte. 104, Barnum, MN 49806. (Life member) MI49506. 55707. MECOPTERA: Boreus (NE Minn.). SNITGEN, JAMES L., 208 Lake Parsons Grn, Apt 209, THERIAULT, SYLVAIN, 230 Pariseau, Boisbriand,Provo WEBSTER,. JAMES A., U.S.D.A.-A.RS. Plant Science Res. Brnadon, FL 33511-6045. COLEOPTERA, Quebec, CANADAJ7G 2C7 Facility, 1301 N. Western St., Stillwater, OK 74075. TRICHOPTERA (Elmidae, Philopomatidae). mORGERSON, MARK T., Zoology Dept., Michigan Host plant resistance. SNOW, RUSSELL T., 39659 Memory Lane, Mt. Oemens, State Univ., E. LanSing, MI 48824. WENZEL, RUPERT L., Field Museum of Natural His­ MI 48045. 4-H leader. EPHEMEROPTERA, PLECOPTERA=growth and tory, Roosevelt Rd., and Lake Shore Dr., Chicago, IL SPEETER, WILLIAMT., 11971 Augusta Dr., Galesburgh, development, life history. 60605. COLEOPTERA: Histeridae; D1PTERA: MI 49053. Mosquitoes-Kalamazoo Co. mOMAS, PATRIOA A., 17 Valley View Dr., Rt. 7, Streblidae. SPENCER, DOUGLAS R, 240 Bull Run Rd., Fowerville, Streator,IL 61364. Plant-insectinteractionsand inter­ WEST, FRANKLIN &: ANNA, 2475 Cedar Lake Rd. SF. MI 48836. Taxonomy and systematics ofaquatic and specific interactions-esp. mutualisms-CO­ Stanton, MI 48888-9561. LEPIDOPTERA, CO­ terrestrial insects. LEOPTERA, HYMENOPTERA, and others. LEOPTERA, HEMIPTERA. (Sustaining member). SPENCER, JOSEPH L., 203 Pesticide Research Center, mOMPSON, GENE, 3248 W. Valley View Dr., St. Jo­ WESTRATE, WILLIAM P., 21406 McKenzie St., Mich. State Univ., E. Lansing, MI 48824. DIPTERA: seph, MI 49085. DIPTERA: Tachinidae. Cassopolis, MI 49031 . LEPIDOPTERA. Anthomyiidae; OR1HOPTERA: Mantidae. TOCZEK, DONALD R., 1771 N. Lk. Pleasant Rd., WHALON, MARK, 318 Marshall St., E. Lansing, MI SPOFFORD, MARGERY G., 112 Seneca Rd., Hillsdale, MI 49242. Physiology, bahavior, biology, 48823-3239. Trumansburg, NY14886. DIPTERA: Sarcophagidae, ecology of Acridoid ORIHOPTERA. WIKER. JAMES R., RR#2, Box 31, Athens, IL 62613. Miltograminae; HYMENOPTERA, Pompilidae, TORONTO ENTOMOLOGISTS' ASSOCIATION, c/o LEPlDOPTERA: Lycaenidae &: Hespe.riidae. Sphecidae. Alan Hanks,34 Seaton Dr., Aurora, Ontario L4G 2Kl WILLIAMS, CHARLES E., RRl, Box 262, Seneca, PA STAINES JR., CL., 3302 Decker Pl., Edgewater, MD CANADA. (Institutional member) 16346-9508. 21037. COLEOPTERA, pest survey and control, zoo­ TREECE, ROBERT E., Entomology Dept. O.A.R.D.C­ WILLIAMS, STANLEY M., 982 Cliffdale Dr., Haslett, MI geography. O.S.U. Wooster, OH 44691. 48840. OR1HOPTERA, LEPIDOPTERA=Urban and STEHR, FREDERICK, W., Dept. ofEnt.,Mich. StateUniv., TRISYOND, Andi, 1527 B Spartan Village, East Lansing, dune areas. E. LanSing, MI 48824. LEPIDOPTERA: esp. MI48823 WILMOT, THOMAS RAY, PhD., Midland Co. Mosquito Lasiocampidae, immature insects. TUCKWELL,STAN,9495Busch Rd., Birch Run, MI 48415. Cont., 2180 N . Meridian, Sanford, MI 48657-9501. STEIN-CARTER, JANET L., 4504 Ashland Ave., Cincin­ TYRKUS, MICHAEL, 7315 Whispering Oak. Sylvania, Medicalentomology (Culicidae, Simeliidae, Ixodidae, nati, OH 45212. OH 43560. OR1HOPTERA. etc.). STEINLY, BRUCE A., 701 W. Chestnut St, Apt. #8, Ox­ WILSMANN, LEN! A,Mich. Nat. Features Inv., P.O. Box ford, OH 45056. DIPTERA: Diopsidae, Chloropidae, VALEK, DOUGLAS, Dept. of Biology, Central Mich. 30028, LanSlllg, MI 48909. Ephydridae. Univ., Mt. Pleasant, MI 48858. Scolytidae. WILSON, BRUCE V., P.O. Box 893, Owosso, MI 48867. STEVEN, JEFFREY C, 100 Center Court, Cambridge, WI VAt'! BUSKIRK, JOSH, Institute of Ecosystem studies, LEPIDOPTERA. 53523. Aquatic insects, TRICHOPTERA. Box AB, Millbrook, NY 12545. WILSON, DONALD A, P.O. Box 322, Newfields, NH STEYSKAL, GEORGE c., 3654 NW 51st. Terrace, VANTASSELL, EILEEN R, Dept. ofEntomology, Michi­ 03856. (Life member) Gainesville, FL 32606. (Honorary member). gan StateUniv., E. Lansing,MI48824. COLEOPTERA, WILSON, JOHN M., 28014 Green Willow, Farmington STIBBE. SUZANNE, 5848 Jeffrey Lane, Sylvania, OH Hydrophilldae, Berasus ofNearctic, Neotropical; bioa­ Hills, MI 48331. HE.'.1IPTERA (Heteroptera). 43560. coustics, larvae. WILSON, LOUIS F., 29350 Sam Way, Punta Gorda, FL STOYENOFF, JENNIFER, UniversityofMichigan, School VAWTER, LISA, Museum of Zoology-Insect Div., Univ. 33982. Forest Insects. (Life member) of Natural Resources and Environment, Dana Bldg, of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1079. Molecular WILSON, STEPHEN W., Dept. of Biology, Central Mis­ Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1115. Insect-plant interactions, systematics of Orthopteroid/Blattoid. souri State University, Warrensburg, MO 64093. defoliators VIDITO, MARY, 7512 N. FowlervilleRd., Fowlerville, MI HOMOPTERA. STRATTON, GAlL, Dept. of Biology, Albion College, 48836. Pest control. WILTERDING III, JOHN H., 2900 Northwind Dr., A Albion, MI 49224. VOEGTLIN, DAVID, ill. Nat. His. Sur., 607 E. Peabody, 11506, E. Lansing, MI 48823-5025. LEPIDOPI'ERA: STRAZANAC, JOHN SA..'"FORD, university of Hawaii, Champaign, IL 61820. Noctuidae, Pyralidae of Great Lakes &: Tropics Dept. ofEnt., Rm310,3Q5{)~aile Way, Honolulu, HI VON ENDE. CARL N., Assistant Professor, Dept of WINKLER, JANE, 5533 Supply Rd., Traverse City, MI 96822. Biological Sciences, Northern illinois Univ., Dekalb, 49684. STRICKLER, KARE':, Parma Resea:ch

_ December, 1993 fMfEW~f1.fEii'ii'fEfffl of the MICHIGAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY V38(4) iiIIII 1{;@rHJ1fOfft!lI!J{g@ FROM PREVIOUS PAGE­ E. B. Williamson Reprints for Sale WOOLDRIDGE, DAVID P.,810 East Prospect Ave.,North Wales, PA 19454. COLEOPTERA: Hydrophilidae. WORTIllNGTON, DAVE, 6114 Beechfle1d, Apt. 207, The UMMZ Insect Division has cleared out some of the clutter during our long­ Lansing. MI 48911. Spiders, COLEOPTERA, OR­ awaited renovation. We recently offered reprints of papers by C.H. Kennedy & rnoPTERA, LEPIDOPTERA, HYMENOPTERA. WRENSCH. DANA L., 3819 Granden Rd., Columbus, Mike Wright (there are no more sets left). We are now making the remaining OH43214. reprints from E.B. Williamson available. These reprints, 28 different titles, have sat WRIGlIT, IDA VID M, 124 Heartwood Dr., Lansdale, PA 19446. on shelves for the past 60 years or so, and few people know about them. We are Wright, Terry, M. 918 Denton St, La Crosse, W1 54601­ making these reprints available as sets of publications. These are not complete sets 5594 of his papers (most UMMZ publications are not included,as they are still available YANACEK, CATIfERINEH., 405 Sylvan Lane, Midland, separately from the Museum Publications Office), and we have approximately 24 MI48640. sets for sale. Once they are gone, that's it. We hope that Odonatologists will take YANKOVlAK, Steve, 1158 Entomology Hall, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-1158 advantage of this one-time offer. YIELDING, SANDRA,5IJ7W. Maumee, Pt. D, Adrian, MI The price is $8.00 per set, postage-paid. For overseas orders, add $4.00 perorder 49221. General entomology-for elementary schools. (Student). for extra postage. Please make your check or money order payable to The Univer­ YODER. WAYNE A., 51 Powells Lane, Frostburg. MD sity of Michigan. 21532. YOUNG, DAN, 5835 Winchester, Marshall W1 53559. For a complete listing or to order contact: Mark O'Brien; Insect Division ­ TRICHOPTERA; NEUROPTERA; ODONATA; Museum of Zoology; The University of Michigan; Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1079. PLECOPTERA; EPHEMEROPTERA.

ZACK. RICHARD, Dept. of Entomology, Washington State Univ., Pullman, WA 99164. DIPTERA: The Forest Service is interested in the thuringiensis) susceptibility tests on dif­ Ephydridae; biology and ecology, collecting. tax­ onomy. potential impacts of gypsy moth defo­ ferent larval instars of the Kamer blue. liation as well as gypsy moth suppres­ Why so much fuss over a little butter­ sion activities on the oak savanna eco­ l{;@fMTrOfMlJJI{g@ FROM PAGE 2­ fly? By law, resource managers must system. In Michigan, late larval instars take steps to provide suitable habitat looking at the association between of first-generation Kamer blues prob­ and proper management to perpetuate Kamer blue caterpillars and ants. The ably overlap with early larval instars of protected species. More importantly, ants feed on a solution, rich in sugars the gypsy moth. With the help of Drs. however, the Kamer blue serves as an and amino acids, that is excreted by Leah Bauer and Robert Haack, research indicator for oak savanna and pine bar­ Specialized glands on the . In entomologists with the North Central ren ecosystems. The attention given to return for this food, the ants defend the Forest Experiment Station in East Lan­ the Kamer blue offers a means to main­ caterpillars from potential predators. sing, I plan to determine how gypsy tain these sensitive ecosystems, which Therefore, the welfare of ants must be moth suppression efforts could affect thus provides habitat for all the other considered in Kamerblue management the butterfly by conducting Bt (Bacillus plants and animals that are associated activities. with these unique areas.

MICHIGAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY NONPROFIT ORG. U. S. POSTAGE PAID East Lansing. Mich. DEPARTM E NT OF E NTO M OLOGY MIC H I GAN S TATE U N IV E R S ITY PERMIT NO. 14 E A S T L AN S I N G . MI CHIGA N 4892 3

ADDRE SS CORRECTI ON REQU ESTED

IIfai December, 1993 fM~ f!jffffi{l,~uu~fJi1 of the MICHIGAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY V38(4) _