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MARITIME OFF-RAMP He 2,356’ Long "Maritime Off- Ramp” Is One of Seven Bridge Tcontracts in California’S I-880 Replacement Project
Prize Bridge Award:Grade Seperation MARITIME OFF-RAMP he 2,356’ long "Maritime Off- Ramp” is one of seven bridge Tcontracts in California’s I-880 Replacement Project. The Maritime Off-Ramp replaced a concrete struc- ture on Cypress Street (now named the Nelson Mandela Parkway) in Oakland. The “Maritime Off-Ramp,” also known as the Horseshoe Line or “HS” Line because of its 250’ radius horseshoe shape, is an orthotropic steel bridge. The remainder of the bridges in the project are steel plate girder bridges with concrete decks or post-tensioned cast-in-place con- crete. The “HS” Line becomes California’s sixth orthotropic bridge.Loma Prieta Earthquake On October 17, 1989, the Loma Prieta earthquake (magnitude 7.1) occurred near Oakland and San Francisco, California. The I-880 Cypress Street Viaduct, a two-level reinforced concrete structure com- pleted in 1957 carried I-880 freeway traffic through downtown Oakland. The upper roadway collapsed result- ing in 41 deaths and 108 injuries. A portion of the roadway between 7th and 34th streets was removed due to the damage. I-880 is a critical interstate free- way connecting San Jose and the East Bay Area to San Francisco, Sacramento and the Sierra Nevada. The I-880 Freeway Viaduct was a section of I-880 that carried between 140,000 and 160,000 vehicles per day and provided for eight lanes of mixed-flow traffic. THE I-880 REPLACEMENT PROJECT The I-880 Replacement Project was designed and then built in seven separate construction contracts to avoid impacting traffic in this impor- tant transportation corridor. -
Wildlife Food Plot
Firebreak Fact Sheet Applies to conservation practices Firebreak (394) and Prescribed Burning (338). USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service - North Dakota November 2017 Mowed, burned, and extinguished firebreak, prior to a prescribed burn. What is a firebreak: A strip of bare land or vegetation that retards fire. How it helps: When properly designed, installed and maintained, they may stop the spread of low intensity wild fires. More often they provide an entry point and anchor point where wildfire fighting activities can effectively be initiated. Firebreaks are only one part of a wildfire protection system. By themselves, firebreaks should never be relied upon as the sole protection of an area. Firebreaks are an integral part of a complete system to minimize the potential impact of catastrophic wildfire. Firebreaks may be permanent or temporary. Permanent firebreaks are usually part of a system protecting building sites and other high value properties. Temporary firebreaks often are used to protect fields and as part of a prescribed burning plan. To apply this practice: The most effective fire prevention is accomplished through a targeted approach. Most benefits accrue from efforts applied to the areas closest to the areas needing protected. Key items to address include: Buildings are covered with non-combustible or fire-resistant materials. Defensible space exists around and within areas to be protected. (Defensible space should be at least 35 feet wide around high value property such as homes and should ideally consist of non-combustible ground cover such as soil, gravel, irrigated lawn etc.) All programs and services are offered on a nondiscriminatory basis. -
Evidence from Sales of Emergency Supplies Before and After Hurricanes†‡
Disaster preparedness and disaster response: Evidence from †‡ sales of emergency supplies before and after hurricanes Timothy K.M. Beatty§, Jay P. Shimshack**, Richard J. Volpe†† May 2018 ABSTRACT Government information warns households to acquire emergency supplies as hurricanes threaten and directs households to stay off roads after hurricanes make landfall. Do households follow this advice? If so, who, when, and how much? We provide novel evidence. We combine forecast and landfall data for U.S. hurricanes between 2002 and 2012 with extensive scanner data on sales of bottled water, batteries, and flashlights. We find that sales of emergency supplies increase when a location is threatened by hurricane. The bulk of the sales increases occur immediately prior to forecasted landfall. The average increase in sales after landfall is large and statistically significant. Observed emergency preparation as hurricanes threaten is moderately higher in coastal, wealthier, and whiter areas. Ex-post emergency responses after hurricanes make landfall are sharply higher in African American, lower income, and less educated areas. Our results suggest that households do not follow government advice. KEYWORDS: Natural Disasters, Hurricanes, Emergency Supplies, Information, Advisories JEL CODES: H84, Q54, D12, Q58 THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS APPENDICES INTENDED FOR REVIEW AND ONLINE POSTING. † Evidence is calculated (or derived) based on data from The Nielsen Company (US), LLC and marketing databases provided by the Kilts Center for Marketing Data Center at The University of Chicago Booth School of Business and via Third Party Agreement with the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The views in this paper are not attributable to USDA. The conclusions drawn from the Nielsen data are those of the researchers and do not reflect the views of Nielsen. -
Challenges and Considerations in Disaster Research
SAMHSA Disaster Technical Assistance Center Supplemental Research Bulletin: Challenges and Considerations in Disaster Research January 2016 ∙ INTRODUCTION Disaster research allows professionals in the field to advance existing preparedness, response, and recovery practices. It is important to study the impact of disasters on behavioral health to identify the emergence of psychopathology and to develop mental health interventions to prevent or mitigate the traumatic effect. However, this specific type of research comes with many ethical and methodological challenges that may dissuade or hinder its execution, such as funding and timing constraints, environmental concerns, risk for disaster survivors, and the public perception of conducting research during a time of distress (Knack et al., 2006). The primary dilemma faced by researchers is safely balancing the pursuit of answers to their questions with the serious and immediate needs of survivors (Benight et al., 2007). This issue of SAMHSA Disaster Technical Assistance Center’s Supplemental Research Bulletin, “Challenges and Considerations in Disaster Research,” addresses the ethical and operational concerns in research design, participant recruitment, data collection, and data interpretation during disaster research. The purpose of this issue is for researchers to learn about and anticipate procedural challenges that can only be overcome by prior planning, including having a research team properly trained in and prepared for the unique aspects of disaster research (Lavin et al., 2012). The following challenges and considerations will be discussed in this issue: 1. Risk-benefit analysis 2. Funding 3. Institutional Review Board approval 4. Participant recruitment 5. Informed consent 6. Emotional distress of participants 7. Participant tracking 8. Researcher safety and distress 9. -
4. Firebreaks and Shaded Fuelbreaks
4. Firebreaks and Shaded Fuelbreaks You often hear the terms firebreak and shaded fuel- break used interchangeably, but there is a big difference between the two (Table 4). Firebreak A firebreak is an area where all vegetation and organic matter is removed down to mineral soil, thereby re- moving the fuel leg of the fire triangle. The purpose of a firebreak is to deny a fire any combustible mate- rial. Firebreaks are used to prevent advancing surface flames from coming in direct contact with outbuildings or other important resources on your property. A fire- Stephen Fitzgerald , Oregon State University. break may be 2 to 15 feet wide. A firebreak should be Figure 13a. A perimeter dirt road serves as a fire- two to three times as wide as the height of the nearest break. The area immediately to the left is a fuelbreak surface vegetation (fuel), such as grass and shrubs (Fig- where young pine have been thinned and flammable ure 13a). Firebreaks may require annual maintenance shrubs have been mowed. (removal of invading vegetation). In addition, because mineral soil is exposed, there is a high probability of creating conditions for invasive weeds to establish. To prevent weeds from establishing in a firebreak and to reduce future maintenance, consider using a landscape fabric in the cleared zone and placing a layer of crushed or ornamental rock on top of the fabric. This reduces the germination of invasive plants, prevents erosion, and reduces maintenance, and the rock pro- vides a fireproof mulch that is much more attractive than mineral soil (Figure 13b). -
FEMA Developing and Maintaining Emergency Operations Plans
Developing and Maintaining Emergency Operations Plans Comprehensive Preparedness Guide (CPG) 101 Version 2.0 November 2010 I am pleased to announce the release of Version 2.0 of Comprehensive Preparedness Guide 101: Developing and Maintaining Emergency Operations Plans. Comprehensive Preparedness Guide (CPG) 101 provides guidance for developing emergency operations plans. It promotes a common understanding of the fundamentals of risk-informed planning and decision making to help planners examine a hazard or threat and produce integrated, coordinated, and synchronized plans. The goal of CPG 101 is to assist in making the planning process routine across all phases of emergency management and for all homeland security mission areas. This Guide helps planners at all levels of government in their efforts to develop and maintain viable, all-hazards, all-threats emergency plans. Based on input from state, territorial, tribal, and local officials from across the United States, this update of CPG 101 expands on the fundamentals contained in the first version. With this edition, greater emphasis is placed on representing and engaging the whole community—to include those with access and functional needs, children, and those with household pets and service animals. Residents and all sectors of the community have a critical role and shared responsibility to take appropriate actions to protect themselves, their families and organizations, and their properties. Planning that engages and includes the whole community serves as the focal point for building a collaborative and resilient community. CPG 101 is the foundation for state, territorial, tribal, and local emergency planning in the United States. Planners in other disciplines, organizations, and the private sector, as well as other levels of government, may find this Guide useful in the development of their emergency operations plans. -
Firebreak: Wildfire Resilience Strategies for Real Estate
FIREBREAK Wildfire Resilience Strategies for Real Estate © 2020 by the Urban Land Institute 2001 L Street, NW Suite 200 Washington, DC 20036-4948 Printed in the United States of America. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission of the publisher. Recommended bibliographic listing: Urban Land Institute. Firebreak: Wildfire Resilience Strategies for Real Estate. Washington, D.C.: Urban Land Institute, 2020. ISBN: 978-0-87420-466-7 FIREBREAK Wildfire Resilience Strategies for Real Estate ABOUT THE URBAN LAND INSTITUTE The Urban Land Institute is a global, member-driven organization comprising more than 45,000 real estate and urban development professionals dedicated to advancing the Institute’s mission of providing leadership in the responsible use of land and in creating and sustaining thriving communities worldwide. ULI’s interdisciplinary membership represents all aspects of the industry, including developers, property owners, investors, architects, urban planners, public officials, real estate brokers, appraisers, attorneys, engineers, financiers, and academics. Established in 1936, the Institute has a presence in the Americas, Europe, and Asia Pacific regions, with members in 80 countries. The extraordinary impact that ULI makes on land use decision-making is based on its members sharing expertise on a variety of factors affecting the built environment, including urbanization, demographic and population changes, new economic drivers, technology advancements, and environmental concerns. Peer-to-peer learning is achieved through the knowledge shared by members at thousands of convenings each year that reinforce ULI’s position as a global authority on land use and real estate. -
The Year That Shook the Rich: a Review of Natural Disasters in 2011
THE YEAR THAT SHOOK THE RICH: A REVIEW OF NATURAL DISASTERS IN 2011 The Brookings Institution – London School of Economics Project on Internal Displacement March 2012 Design: [email protected] Cover photo: © Thinkstock.com Back cover photos: left / © Awcnz62 | Dreamstime.com; right / © IOM 2011 - MPK0622 (Photo: Chris Lom) THE YEAR THAT SHOOK THE RICH: A REVIEW OF NATURAL DISASTERS IN 2011 By Elizabeth Ferris and Daniel Petz March 2012 PUBLISHED BY: THE BROOKINGS INSTITUTION – LONDON SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS PROJECT ON INTERNAL DISPLACEMENT Bangkok, Thailand — Severe monsoon floods, starting in late July 2011, affected millions of people. A truck with passengers aboard drives through a heavily flooded street. Photo: UN/Mark Garten TABLE OF CONTENTS Acronyms ................................................................................................................................. vi Foreword ................................................................................................................................. ix Executive Summary ................................................................................................................. xi Introduction .............................................................................................................................. xv Chapter 1 The Year that Shook the Rich ...................................................... 1 Section 1 Disasters in the “Rich” World, Some Numbers ............................................ 5 Section 2 Japan: The Most Expensive Disaster -
Looting After a Disaster: a Myth Or Reality?
Volume XXXI • Number 4 March 2007 Disaster Myths...Fourth in a Series Looting After a Disaster: A Myth or Reality? his special article in the Disaster Myths series pres- among those concerned with public safety and response Tents a point-counterpoint on the signifi cance and in disasters. prevalence of looting a� er disasters. Both authors were The fi rst author, E.L. Quarantelli, provides a his- asked to answer, independently, a series of questions, torical overview of looting in disaster research to help including whether looting a� er disasters is a myth, elucidate the myth. The fi ndings of previous disaster what evidence supports that opinion, what previous research are used to support the argument that looting, research has established about looting, and how the in fact, is not prevalent a� er disasters. In the end, there myths (and realities) about looting infl uence disaster is a lack of evidence showing that this behavior is com- planning and response. While the previous articles in monplace. This article can be found on page 2. this series were meant to help dispel disaster myths, As a counterpoint, Kelly Frailing focuses on the this article demonstrates the debate surrounding the events following Hurricane Katrina as evidence that controversial issue of looting and explores it in greater looting is not a myth, but a reality of disasters. This po- depth. Together these positions reveal the arguments sition is also supported by experience during previous and evidence for both sides of the debate. The editors events, such as Hurricane Betsy, and by crime statistics. -
Prescribed Burn Equipment
Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service NREM-2899 Prescribed Burn Equipment November 2016 John R. Weir Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Fact Sheets Research Associate, Natural Resource Ecology and Management, are also available on our website at: Oklahoma State University http://osufacts.okstate.edu R. Seth Coffey Graduate Research Assistant, Natural Resource Ecology and Man- agement, Oklahoma State University Carol E. Blocksome Research Assistant Professor, Horticulture and Natural Resources, Kansas State University Morgan L. Russell Extension Range Specialist, Ecosystem Science and Manage- ment, Texas A&M Agrilife Extension Service Dirac Twidwell Assistant Professor, Department of Agromony and Horticulture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln Introduction Having proper or adequate equipment on a prescribed fire is just as important as writing burn plans, firebreak prepa- rations or having the correct weather conditions. Oftentimes, burn managers will make equipment checklists prior to the burn; ensuring all needs have been met. Equipment may range from what the crew should wear to the type of pumper unit one might have on a fire. In planning a prescribed burn, one of the most important steps is considering what equipment is needed to properly protect the burn crew and contain the fire. There is no standard equipment list for conducting a burn. However, it is important to consider all equipment that could be used to make the prescribed burn safer and easier. When determining what equipment is needed it is best to go by the adage of “better to have it and not need it, than need it and not have it.” Always remember no two burns are the same and each burn can require different pieces of equipment. -
Burn Your Prairie Safely and Have Fun, Too!
Prairie Nursery | White Paper Burn Your Prairie Safely and Have Fun, Too! The North American Prairie was subject to regular wildfires and the flowers and grasses that comprise this fabulous ecosystem evolved under its influence. When managing prairies and prairie restorations, the controlled burn is the “magic bullet” that allows us to control many unwanted invasive plants. A good prairie fire is Neil Diboll, Consulting Ecologist one of the special rites of spring on the prairie. The tips below are With over 40 years of experience offered to ensure that your prairie burn is both inspirational and in research and establishment of safe! Herewith are some specific rules and procedures to follow to native plant communities, Neil is an assure a safe burn: internationally recognized pioneer in the use of North American plants in contemporary landscapes. His designs Design with Firebreaks in Mind emphasize sustainability, aesthetics, and ecological compatibility with the Design your prairie so that it takes advantage of natural land. Neil is a regular keynote speaker existing firebreaks. Use nonflammable borders such as roads, on topics such as establishing prairie driveways, ponds, streams, and mowed lawns or trails as the meadows, designing with native plants, and the benefits of converting edge of the prairie. These will be your built-in firebreaks, and resource-intensive landscapes into self- will save you lots of time compared to mowing firebreaks every sustaining ecological sanctuaries. time you want to burn. www.PrairieNursery.com PRAIRIE NURSERY P.O. Box 306, Westfield, WI 53964 1 800-476-9453 PRAIRIE NURSERY blue: #62cbe9 green: #68934d Portada Text : Book Burn Your Prairie Safely Create Sufficient Firebreaks In areas where firebreaks do have to be mowed around the prairie to remove flammable material, make sure the firebreak is sufficiently wide to prevent the fire from jumping across in adjacent fields or prairies. -
Glossary of Terms
page GLO-1 Glossary of Terms Words, phrases, abbreviations, and acronyms relevant to emergency management should be defined. Many terms in emergency management have special meanings, so it is important to establish precise definitions. Such definitions allow the users of the EOP to share an understanding of the EOP. American Red The American Red Cross is a humanitarian organization, led by volunteers, that Cross provides relief to victims of disasters and helps people prevent, prepare for, and respond to emergencies. It does this through services that are consistent with its Congressional Charter and the Principles of the International Red Cross Movement. Attack A hostile action taken against the United States by foreign forces or terrorists, resulting in the destruction of or damage to military targets, injury or death to the civilian population, or damage or destruction to public and private property. Checklist Written (or computerized) enumeration of actions to be taken by an individual or organization, meant to aid memory rather than provide detailed instruction. Chief The official of the community who is charged with authority to implement and Executive administer laws, ordinances, and regulations for the community. He or she Official may be a mayor, city manager, etc. Community A political entity which has the authority to adopt and enforce laws and ordinances for the area under its jurisdiction. In most cases, the community is an incorporated town, city, township, village, or unincorporated area of a county. However, each State defines its own political subdivisions and forms of government. Contamination The undesirable deposition of a chemical, biological, or radiological material on the surface of structures, areas, objects, or people.