HELLENIC REPUBLIC

HELLENIC STATISTICAL AUTHORITY GREECE IN FIGURES April - June 2021 A p r i l

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FOREWORD

The Hellenic Statistical Authority (ELSTAT) through the quar - terly publication Greece in figures, published in both the Greek and English languages, presents statistical data pro - viding an updated demographic, social and economic pic - ture of Greece in a clear and comprehensive manner. The publication Greece in figures is intended for users of sta - tistics who seek to have a comprehensive view of Greece, on the basis of the most recent statistical data. The statistical time series included in this publication are, mostly, compiled by ELSTAT. Furthermore, for comparability reasons, the pub - lication also presents, by theme, selected tables with statisti - cal data of EU Member States. The publication will be updated with the most recent data on a quarterly basis and will be posted on the portal of ELSTAT on the first Wednesday of January, April, July and Octo - ber . For more information on the data and statistics provided in Greece in figures , please contact the Division of Statistical In - formation and Publications of ELSTAT (tel: +30 213 1352301, +30 213 1352021 , e-mail: [email protected]). We welcome any suggestions and recommendations on the content of the publication.

Athanasios C. Thanopoulos President of ELSTAT

3 NEW AND REVISED DATA IN THIS ISSUE CONTENTS Chapter 1: Territory and climate New: Table 6 Foreword 3 Chapter 2: Population New: Table 12 Land and climate 1. Surface area of Greece 11 Chapter 3: Economic data 2. The most populated islands of Greece. 2011 Population - Housing New and revised: Tables 1, 2a, 3a, 4b, 7, 7a, 8, 15, 16 Census 11 New: Tables 4a, 9, 11 3. Principal mountains of Greece 11 Revised: Table 6 4. Principal lakes of Greece 12 5. Principal rivers of Greece 12 Chapter 4: Agriculture, livestock, fishing 6. Mean temperatures at selected meteorological stations, 2020 12 New and revised: Table 7 New: Table 6 Population Revised: Table 11 1. Resident Population by gender and age group. 2011 Population - Housing Census 15 Chapter 5: Manufacturing 2. Resident Population by age group and marital status. 2011 Popula - Revised: Table 4 tion - Housing Census 16 Chapter 6: Construction 3. Resident Population by gender and region. 2011 Population - Hous - New: Tables 2, 3 ing Census 18 Revised: Table 4 4. Resident Population by gender in the 10 largest Municipalities of Greece. 2011 Population - Housing Census 19 Chapter 7: Trade 5. Resident Population by citizenship group. 2011 Population - Hous - New and revised: Tables 1, 2, 3, 9 ing Census 20 Revised: Tables 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 6. Households by size. 2011 Population - Housing Census 21 7. Nuclear families by type. 2011 Population - Housing Census 22 Chapter 8: Transport 8. Demographic indicators, 2015 - 2019 23 New: Tables 2, 3 9. Marriages by type. Registered partnerships, 2015 - 2019 23 Revised: Tables 1, 4 10. Births - Deaths, 2015 - 2019 24 11. Divorces, 2013 - 2017 24 Chapter 9: Labour market 12. EU: Life expectancy at birth, 2018 - 2020 25 New and revised: Table 10

New: Tables 1a, 5a, 6a, 7a Economic data Chapter 11: Poverty-inequality 1. Selected economic indicators, 2014 - 2020 28 New and revised: Table 6 2. Gross domestic product at current prices, 2016 - 2020 30 New: tables 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 2a. Gross domestic product at current prices, quarterly data, 2020 and 2021 (Q1) 31 Chapter 12: Education 3. Gross domestic product at constant prices of 2015, 2016 - 2020 32 New and revised: Table 7 3a. Gross domestic product at prices of reference year 2015, quarterly data, 2020 and 2021 (Q1) 33 Chapter 13: Health 4. Gross domestic product (annual volume changes), 2016 - 2020 34 New: Tables 1, 2 4a. Gross domestic product (chain-linked volume), quarterly data, 2020 and 2021 (Q1) 35 Chapter 15: Culture - Tourism 4b. Gross domestic product, reference year 2015, quarterly seasonally New and revised: Tables 1, 4, 5, 7 adjusted data, 2020 and 2021 (Q1) 35 5. Savings - Investment, 2015 - 2019 36 6. National Accounts: Wages, productivity and labour cost, 2016 - 2020 37 7. Main aggregates of General Government, 2014 - 2020 38 7a. Main aggregates of General Government, quarterly data, 2019 and 2020 (Q4) 42 8. General Government debt, 2013 - 2020 44 9. Aggregated balance sheet of Monetary Financial Institutions (MFIs), May 2016 - 2021 46 Statistical Information and Publications Division 10. Balance of payments, 2013 - 2020 48 46, Pireos and Eponiton str., 185 10 Piraeus 11. Consumer price index (CPI), harmonised index of consumer prices tel.: +30213 135 2301, +30213 135 2021 (HICP), harmonised index of consumer prices at constant tax rates (HICP-CT) and core inflation (CI) , 2019 - 2021 (May) 52 e-mail: [email protected] 12. Annual average sub-indices of the consumer price index (CPI) [email protected] groups of items, 2017 - 2020 54 [email protected]

4 5 13. EU: Harmonised index of consumer prices (HICP). Annual average Labour market rate of change, 2016 - 2020 55 1. Population aged 15 years and over by employment status, 14. EU: Gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in purchasing power 2016 - 2020 103 standards, 2015 - 2019 56 1a. Population aged 15 years and over by employment status, quarterly 15. EU: General Government deficit/surplus as a percentage of Gross data, 2020 and 2021 (Q1) 103 Domestic Product (GDP), 2016 - 2020 57 2. Population aged 15 years and over by employment status and gen - 16. EU: General Government gross debt as a percentage of Gross Do - der, 2016 - 2020 104 mestic Product (GDP), 2016 - 2020 58 3. Persons employed aged 15 years and over by main sector of the economy and gender, 2016 - 2020 105 Agriculture, livestock, fishing 4. Persons employed aged 15 years and over by occupational status, 1. Holdings and utilised agricultural area, 2016 61 2016 - 2020 106 2. Distribution of the utilised agricultural area of the holdings, by basic 5. Population aged 15 years and over by age group and employment categories of land use and by region, 2016 62 status, 2020 107 3. Holdings with irrigable and irrigated area, by region, 2016 64 5a. Population aged 15 years and over by age group and employment 4. Livestock holdings and number of animals, by region, 2016 66 status, quarterly data, 2021 (Q1) 107 5. Persons employed in agricultural holdings, by category, and days of 6. Evolution of the percentage of the unemployed for total population, work of seasonal workers, 2016 66 male - female and for persons aged 15 - 29 years, 2010 - 2020 108 6. Agricultural areas and production, 1991, 2001 and 2016 - 2019 68 6a. Evolution of the percentage of the unemployed for total population, 7. Animal capital and production, 1991, 2001 and 2016 - 2019 68 male - female and for persons aged 15 - 29 years, quarterly data, 8. Sea fishery, 2015 - 2019 69 2019 - 2021 (Q1) 108 7. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, 2016 - 2020 109 9. Quantity of catch by taxonomic groups, 2015 - 2019 69 7a. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, quarterly data, 10. Aquaculture, 2015 - 2019 69 2020 and 2021 (Q1) 109 11. EU: Livestock production - production of meat, 2018 - 2020 70 8. Unemployed persons by age group, gender and educational attain -

ment level, 2016 - 2020 110 Manufacturing 9. Labour force and unemployment rate (%), by region, 2016 - 2020 112 1. Structural data on the enterprises of the manufacturing sector, 10. EU: Unemployment rate (%), 2016 - 2020 114 2016 - 2018 75 2. Industrial Production Index, 2018 - 2020 76 Household consumption and housing amenities 3. Mining: Number of enterprises, remunerated employment and 1. Average monthly household expenditure (purchases) on goods and gross production value, 2013 77 services, 2015 - 20 20 116 4. EU: Primary production of energy, 2016 - 2019 78 2. Average monthly consumption of basic goods, 2015 - 2019 117 3. Average monthly purchases for goods and services, by poverty sta - Construction tus of the population, 2019 118 1. Public and private building activity, 2018 - 2020 80 4. Percentage distribution of households by housing amenities, 2. Price indices of work categories and construction cost indices for 2015 - 2019 119 new residential buildings, 2017 - 2021 (Q1) 80 5. Percentage distribution of households by number of rooms and sur - 3. Evolution of the Production Index in Construction, 2016 - 2021 (Q1) 82 face of dwelling, 2015 - 2019 120 4. EU: Annual changes (%) in Production Index in Construction, 6. Percentage distribution of households by main heating means, 2016 - 2020 84 2015 - 2019 121

Trade Poverty – Ιnequality 1. Evolution of the Turnover Index in Retail Trade, 2019 - 2021 (April) 86 1. At-risk-of-poverty rate after social transfers, by gender and age 2. Evolution of the Volume Index in Retail Trade, 2019 - 2021 (April) 86 group, 2015 - 2020 124 3. Evolution of the Index of Employed Persons in Retail Trade, 2. At-risk-of-poverty rate after social transfers, by employment status, 2019 - 2021 (Q1) 86 2016 - 2020 125 4. Arrivals - Imports, Dispatches - Exports, intra eu trade - extra eu 3. At-risk-of-poverty rate by level of educational attainment, trade, including oil products, 2015 - 2020 88 2016 - 2020 125 5. Arrivals - Imports, Dispatches - Exports, by partner country, includ - 4. Material deprivation, 2015 - 2020 126 ing oil products, 2010, 2015, 2020 90 5. Households with poor housing conditions, 2016 - 2020 126 6. Arrivals - Imports by main product categories according to SITC, 6. EU: People at-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion, 2016 - 2020 127 2016 - 2020 92 7. Dispatches - Exports by main product categories according to SITC, Education 2016 - 2020 93 1. Primary education (kindergartens): Pupils, school units and teaching 8. External Trade Balance, 2016 - 2020 94 staff, end of school year 2015/16 - 2018/19 131 9. EU: Intra-EU trade: Arrivals and Dispatches, 2018 - 2020 96 2. Primary education (primary schools): Pupils, school units and teach - ing staff, end of school year 2015/16 - 2018/19 132 Transport 3. Secondary education (lower secondary schools): Pupils, school units 1. Land transport, 2017 - 2020 99 and teaching staff, end of school year 2015/16 - 2018/19 133 2. Sea transport, 2017 - 2020 99 4. Secondary education (general upper secondary schools): Pupils, 3. Domestic and international air traffic, 2015 - 20 20 99 school units and teaching staff, end of school year 2015/16 - 4. Turnover indices in the transport sector, 2017 - 2020 100 2018/19 134 5. EU: Transport of goods by road, 2016 - 2019 100 6 7 5. Tertiary education (technical sector): Teaching staff, students and graduates, end of academic year 2013/14 - 2017/18 135 6. Tertiary education (universities): Teaching staff, students and grad - uates, end of academic year 2014/15 - 2018/19 136 7. EU: School expectancy, 2015 - 2019 137 8. EU: Total General Government expenditure on education as a per - centage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP ), 2015 - 2019 138

Health 1. Percentage distribution of population by health status, 2016 - 2020 141 2. Hospitals, beds, health centres and pharmacies per 100,000 inhab - itants, 2015 - 2019 141 3. Physicians per 1,000 inhabitants, by specialty, 2015 - 2019 142 4. Percentage distribution of European System of integrated Social Protection Statistics (ESSPROS) social protection expenditure, 2014 - 2018 142 5. Total funding on health expenditures, 2015 - 2019 143 6. Funding on health expenditures and percentage contribution by sector, 2015 - 2019 144

Justice 1. Criminal offences committed, offenders and ratio per 100,000 in - habitants, 2015 - 2019 147 2. Percentage distribution of offences committed, by Regional Police Land and climate Departments, 2015 - 2019 148 3. Criminal offences committed and offenders by sex and citizenship, 2015 - 2019 149 4. EU: Intentional homicides per 100,000 inhabitants, 2014 - 2018 150

Culture – Tourism 1. Museums and archaeological sites, 2016 - 2020 153 2. Art galleries, 2015 - 2019 153 3. State and municipal theatres and orchestras, 2016 - 2019 153 4. Number of nights spent by Greek and foreign nationals in hotels and campsites, 2019 154 5. Overnight stays in all hotel units (except campsites) and their ca - pacity, 2015 - 2019 155 6. Number of resident tourists on personal trips with at least 4 overnight stays, 2015 - 2019 155 7. EU: Number of resident tourists on personal trips with at least 4 overnight stays, 2015 - 2019 156

Information and communication technologies 1. Percentage of population making use of PC and having internet ac - cess, 2016 - 2020 159 2. Percentage of households with internet access at home, by type of connection, 2016 - 2020 160 3. Percentage of population using the internet, by type of activity, 2016 - 2020 161 4. Percentage of population having used the internet and bought/ or - dered goods or services over the internet, 2016 - 2020 162 5. EU: Percentage of households with internet access at home, 2016 - 2020 163

8 Land and climate 1

Greece by regions 1. Surface area of Greece

Regions Area (km 2)

Greece, total 132 ,049

Anatoliki Makedonia, Thraki 14 ,179 Kentriki Makedonia 19 ,166 Dytiki Makedonia 9,471 Ipeiros 9,164 KENTRIKI MAKEDONIA Thessalia 14 ,051 Sterea Ellada 15 ,561 DYTIKI MAKEDONIA ANATOLIKI MAKEDONIA, Ionia Nisia 2,306 THRAKI Dytiki Ellada 11 ,327 Peloponnisos 15 ,511 Attiki 3,814 Voreio Aigaio 3,854 IPEIROS VOREIO AIGAIO Notio Aigaio 5,305 Kriti 8,340

THESSALIA 2. The most populated islands of Greece IONIA NISIA 2011 Population - Housing Census STEREA ELLADA Resident Islands Islands Resident Population Population DYTIKI ELLADA Kriti 622,913 Kalymnos 16,179 ΑΤΤΙΚI Evia 191,206 Thira 15,231 Rodos 115,490 Thassos 13,770 Kerkyra 102,071 Paros 13,715 Lesvos 86,436 Egina 13,056 Chios 51,390 Mykonos 10,134 Zakynthos 40,759 Andros 9,221 PELOPONNISOS NOTIΟ AIGAIO Salamina 39,283 Tinos 8,636 Kefallinia 35,801 Ikaria 8,423 Kos 33,388 Leros 7,917 Samos 32,977 Karpathos 6,226 KRITI Lefkada 22,076 Skiathos 6,088 Syros 21,507 Milos 4,977 Naxos 17,970 Skopelos 4,960 Limnos 16,992 Spetses 4,027

3. Principal mountains of Greece

Height Height Mountains Mountains (m) (m)

Olympos 2,904 Varnous 2,330 Smolikas 2,631 Tymfristos 2,313 Grammos 2,521 Lakmos 2,294 Voras 2,519 Pindos 2,248 Gkiona 2,508 Falacron (Prof. Ilias) 2,229 Tymfi (Gkamila) 2,500 Erymanthos 2,223 Parnassos 2,456 Orvilos 2,213 Idi (Psiloritis) 2,454 Pieria 2,188 Lefka Ori 2,453 Oiti 2,151 Athamanon Ori 2,429 Dikti 2,148 Vardousia 2,413 Agrafa (Fteri) 2,127 Taygetos 2,405 Askio 2,107 Kyllini 2,375 Vermio 2,058 Aroania 2,339 Athos 2,027

Source: Hellenic Military Geographical Service. 11 1 Land and climate

4. Principal lakes of Greece

Surface Surface Lakes Lakes (km 2) (km 2)

Trichonida 96.228 Ioannina 19.436 Volvi 70.443 Yliki 19.441 Vegoritida 54.473 Doirani (1) 17.511 Vistonida 44.860 Amvrakia 12.010 Koron eia 46.539 Lysimachia 13.085 Mikri Prespa (1) 42.541 Petron 12.033 Megali Prespa (1) 39.040 Paralimni 11.856 Kerkini 34.016 Chimaditida 7.804 Kastoria 28.873 Ozeros 9.368

Source : Hellenic Military Geographical Service . (1) Surface area of lake on Greek territory .

5. Principal rivers of Greece

Length Length Rivers Rivers (km) (km) Population Aliakmonas 297 Asopos 80 Acheloos 220 Louros 80 Pineios (Thessalia) 205 Sperchios 80 Evros (1) 204 Megdovas 78 Nestos (1) 130 Axios (1) 76 Strymonas (1) 118 Aoos (1) 70 Thyamis 115 Gkallikos 70 Alfeios 110 Ladonas 70 Arachthos 110 Mornos 70 Enipeas 84 Pineios (Peloponnisos) 70 Evrotas 82

Source : Hellenic Military Geographical Service . (1) Length of river on Greek territory .

6. Mean temperatures at selected meteorological stations, 2020 Thessa - Month Elefsina Kerkyra Santorini Rodos Irakleio loniki

January 9.1 6.2 9.9 12 .1 13 .0 11 .9 February 11 .2 8.9 11 .7 13 .2 13 .6 12 .8 March 13 .7 11 .5 13 .7 14 .5 15 .2 14 .6 April 15 .8 14 .0 16 .1 16 .7 17 .7 16 .3 May 22 .4 20 .4 21 .3 20 .9 22 .3 21 .7 June 26 .1 25 .0 24 .2 23 .9 24 .2 24 .5 July 29 .9 27 .8 28 .5 26 .7 27 .5 26 .9 August 29 .6 27 .3 28 .3 27 .0 28 .3 27 .5 September 26 .8 24 .7 25 .1 25 .7 27 .4 25 .9 October 21 .5 18 .8 19 .7 22 .4 23 .6 22 .0 November 15 .3 11 .8 15 .3 16 .9 18 .5 17 .0 December 13 .3 10 .8 13 .6 15 .3 16 .1 15 .2

Source: National Meteorological Service.

12 Population 2

1. Resident Population by gender and age group 2011 Population - Ηousing Census 2011 Age group Τotal Male Female

Total 10,816,286 5,303,223 5,513,063 0- 9 1,049,839 537,220 512,619 10 - 19 1,072,705 552,173 520,532 20 - 29 1,350,868 696,744 654,124 30 - 39 1,635,304 827,542 807,762 40 - 49 1,581,095 781,112 799,983 50 - 59 1,391,854 677,018 714,836 60 - 69 1,134,045 543,421 590,624 70 - 79 1,017,242 456,247 560,995 80 + 583,334 231,746 351,588

Age groups: population and percent share by gender

1.6 85+ 2.6 Male Female 2.8 80 - 84 3.7 4.0 75 - 79 4.8 4.6 70 - 74 5.4 4.6 65 - 69 4.8

5.7 60 - 64 5.9 6.1 55 - 59 6.1 6.7 50 - 54 6.8 6.9 45 - 49 6.9 7.8 40 - 44 7.6

7.7 35 - 39 7.3 7,9 30 - 34 7.3 7.0 25 - 29 6.4 6.1 20 - 24 5.5

5.4 15 - 19 4,8 5.0 10 - 14 4.6

4.9 5 - 9 4.5 5.2 0 - 4 4.8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 4 4 3 3 2 2 1 1 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4

15 2 Population Population 2

2. Resident Population by age group and marital status 2011 Population - Housing Census Under Widowed from Divorced from Age group Total Single Married Widowed Divorced registered Separated registered registered partnership partnership partnership

Total 10,816,286 4,227,476 5,364,763 820,449 331,686 1,765 69,737 78 332 0- 9 1,049,839 1,049,839 — — — — — — — 10 - 19 1,072,705 1,065,587 6,682 25 271 43 89 5 3 20 - 29 1,350,868 1,088,641 249,239 938 7,494 392 4,107 16 41 30 - 39 1,635,304 564,167 1,001,092 6,185 49,611 513 13,641 16 79 40 - 49 1,581,095 229,198 1,201,808 23,823 103,719 441 21,962 20 124 50 - 59 1,391,854 107,188 1,107,123 67,826 92,070 241 17,326 18 62 60 - 69 1,134,045 57,888 879,876 138,445 49,033 99 8,679 2 23 70 - 79 1,017,242 41,580 671,947 277,382 23,023 28 3,281 1 — 80 + 583,334 23,388 246,996 305,825 6,465 8 652 — —

Percentage distribution of Resident Population by gender and marital status 30.0

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16 17 2 Population Population 2

3. Resident Population by gender and region 4. Resident Population by gender in the 10 largest 2011 Population - Housing Census Municipalities of Greece 2011 Population - Housing Census Percent over total region Percent share Region Total Male Female Fe - Municipality Total Male Female Male Male Female male

Greece, total 10,816,286 5,303,223 5,513,063 49.0 51.0 Athens 664,046 315,210 348,836 47.5 52.5 Thessaloniki 325,182 148,470 176,712 45.7 54.3 Anatoliki Makedonia, Patra 213,984 104,307 109,677 48.7 51.3 Thraki 608,182 299,643 308,539 49.3 50.7 Irakleio 173,993 85,133 88,860 48.9 51.1 Kentriki Makedonia 1,882,108 912,693 969,415 48.5 51.5 Piraeus 163,688 78,200 85,488 47.8 52.2 Dytiki Makedonia 283,689 141,779 141,910 50.0 50.0 Larisa 162,591 79,762 82,829 49.1 50.9 Thessalia 732,762 362,194 370,568 49.4 50.6 Volos 144,449 70,185 74,264 48.6 51.4 Ipeiros 336,856 165,775 171,081 49.2 50.8 Peristeri 139,981 68,563 71,418 49.0 51.0 Ionia Nisia 207,855 102,400 105,455 49.3 50.7 Rodos 115,490 57,879 57,611 50.1 49.9 Dytiki Ellada 679,796 339,310 340,486 49.9 50.1 Ioannina 112,486 53,975 58,511 48.0 52.0 Sterea Ellada 547,390 277,475 269,915 50.7 49.3 Peloponnisos 577,903 291,777 286,126 50.5 49.5 Attiki 3,828,434 1,845,663 1,982,771 48.2 51.8 Resident Population by gender in the 10 largest Voreio Aigaio 199,231 99,984 99,247 50.2 49.8 Municipalities of Greece Notio Aigaio 309,015 155,865 153,150 50.4 49.6 Kriti 623,065 308,665 314,400 49.5 50.5 400,000 350,000 Male Female 300,000 Distribution (%) of Resident Population by region 250,000 4,000,000 35.4 200,000 3,500,000 150,000 3,000,000 100,000 2,500,000 17.4 50,000 2,000,000 0 1,500,000 T

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18 19 2 Population Population 2

5. Resident Population by citizenship group 6. Households by size 2011 Population - Housing Census 2011 Population - Housing Census

Citizenship group 2011 Number Households of members Total 10,816,286 2011 Greek (1) 9,904,286 EU countries 199,121 Total 4,134,540 Non EU countries 530,244 1 member 1,061,547 Africa 25,850 2 members 1,218,466 Caribbean, South or Central America 2,564 3» 817,921 North America 7,248 4 » 726,554 Asia 138,274 5» 209,569 Oceania 1,994 6» 68,602 Without citizenship or citizenship not specified or 7» 20,273 not declared 6,705 8» 7,511 9 members 1,881 (1) Population with double citizenship is also included (Greek and other). 10 and over 2,216

Households by size Resident Population by citizenship group (%) 1,400,000 35.0 Other countries 6.5 Without citizenship 1,200,000 Households Percent 30.0 EU countries or citizenship not specied 1.8 0.04 1,000,000 25.0

800,000 20.0

600,000 15.0

400,000 10.0

200,000 5.0

Greek 0 0.0 91.6 12 3456789 10 +

Greek EU countries Other countries Without citizenship or citizenship not specied

20 21 2 Population Population 2

7. Nuclear families by type 8. Demographic indicators (1) , 2015 - 2019 2011 Population - Housing Census 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Type 2011 Age dependency ratio 55.2 55.9 56.5 56.9 57.3 Total 3,021,425 Ageing ratio 145.5 148.3 150.3 152.5 155.0 Married couples without children 913,279 Mean age of mother at birth 31.3 31.3 31.5 31.5 31.7 Married couples with child/children 1,570,422 Partners without children 61,630 Total fertility rate 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3 Partners with child/children 12,319 Total mortality rate 11.2 11.0 11.6 11.2 11.7 Single father with child/children 74,438 Infant mortality rate 4.0 4.2 3.5 3.5 3.7 Single mother with child/children 389,337 (1) Age dependency ratio: the ratio of the number of economically non-active persons (aged 0 - 14 and 65 years and over) compared with the number of economically active persons (aged 15 - 64 years). Nuclear families by type Ageing ratio: the number of persons aged 65 years and over per hundred persons under the age of 15. 1,800,000 60.0 Total fertility rate: the average number of living children that a woman will give birth to over the course of her lifetime (provided that during her repro - 1,600,000 ductive age, the fertility conditions prevail by age of the reference year). The Nuclear families 50.0 1,400,000 total fertility rate is used in order to determine the level of replacement of Percent the generations, which, in developed countries is considered to be 2.1. 1,200,000 40.0 Total mortality rate: the number of deaths per 1,000 people. 1,000,000 Infant mortality rate: the number of children dying at less than 1 year of age 30.0 divided by the number of live births that year. The ratio is expressed by 1,000 800,000 live births. 600,000 20.0 400,000 10.0 200,000 9. Marriages by type (1) . Registered partnerships, 2015 - 2019 0 0.0 t s s n h n n n h h h n n u t t t t e e e e e e e e i i i i l l r r r r r r o 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 p p w w w w d d d d d d h

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n Total 53,672 49,632 50,138 47,428 47,137 s t d d t r a d d d d o r u e e f l l l l e i i

i i i i

a Religious 26,419 23,778 24,975 23,010 23,278 o r r m e n h h h h

r r l P t h c c c c e a a r t g

l Civil 27,253 25,854 25,163 24,418 23,859 i a n g M M i w P n S i S Registered partnerships 2,611 3,799 4,921 6,369 7,924

(1) In case a couple decides after the civil marriage to also perform a religious marriage, this religious marriage is not registered.

Marriages by type 28,000 Religious 27,000 Civil

26,000

25,000

24,000

23,000

22,000 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

22 23 2 Population Population 2

10 . Births - Deaths , 2015 - 2019 12 . ΕU: Life expectancy at birth, 2018 - 2020

2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Male Female Countries Births 91,847 92,898 88,553 86,440 83,763 2018 2019 2020* (2) 2018 2019 2020* (2) Deaths 121,183 118,788 124,495 120,296 124,965 EU 27 *(2) 78.2 *(1)(2) 78.5 …*(2) 83.7 *(1)(2) 84.0 … Difference -29,336 -25,890 -35,942 -33,856 -41,202 Euro area Austria (AT) 79.4 79.7 78.9 84.1 84.2 83.6 Births - Deaths Belgium (BE) 79.4 79.8 78.6 83.9 84.3 83.1 130,000 France (FR) *79.7 *79.9 79.2 *85.8 *85.9 85.3 Germany (DE) 78.6 79.0 … 83.3 83.7 … Greece (EL) 79.3 79.2 78.6 84.4 84.2 83.7 120,000 Estonia (EE) 74.0 74.5 74.2 82.7 83.0 82.7 Ireland (IE) (2) 80.4 (2) 80.8 … (2) 84.1 (2) 84.7 … Births Spain (ES) 80.7 81.1 79.7 86.3 86.7 85.1 110,000 Deaths Italy (IT) 81.2 (1) 81.4 80.1 85.6 (1) 85.7 84.7 Cyprus (CY) 80.9 80.3 80.3 84.8 84.4 84.3 100,000 Latvia (LV) 70.1 70.9 70.9 79.7 80.1 80.1 Lithuania (LT) 70.9 71.6 70.1 80.7 81.2 80.0 Luxembourg (LU) 80.1 80.2 79.4 84.6 85.2 84.2 90,000 Malta (MT) 80.4 81.2 80.8 84.6 84.6 84.6 Netherlands (NE) 80.3 80.6 79.8 83.4 83.7 83.1 80,000 Portugal (PT) 78.3 78.7 78.0 84.5 84.8 84.1 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Slovakia (SK) 73.9 74.3 73.5 80.8 81.2 80.4 Slovenia (SI) 78.5 78.7 77.8 84.4 84.5 83.4 Finland (FI) 79.1 79.3 79.4 84.5 84.8 85.0

Non-euro area Bulgaria (BG) 71.5 71.6 69.9 78.6 78.8 77.5 Denmark (DK) 79.1 79.5 79.6 82.9 83.5 83.6 11 . Divorces , 2013 - 2017 Croatia (HR) 74.9 75.5 74.7 81.5 81.6 80.9 Hungary (HU) 72.7 73.1 72.3 79.6 79.7 79.1 2013 2014 2015 2016 (2) 2017 Poland (PL) 73.7 74.1 72.6 81.7 81.9 80.8 Romania (RO) 71.7 (2) 71.9 70.5 79.2 (2) 79.5 78.4 Total 16,717 14,427 15,600 11,013 19,190 Sweden (SE) 80.9 81.5 80.7 84.3 84.8 84.2 Czechia (CZ) 76.2 76.4 75.3 82.0 82.2 81.3 Type of divorce Divorce by consent 12,823 11,651 12,075 8,504 13,865 Source: Eurostat. (3) Contested divorce 3,883 2,755 3,519 2,509 5,325 * = Provisional data. Serious breakdown … = No data available. of marital relation - (1) Break in time series. (3) ship 899 692 802 521 1,012 (2) Estimates. 4-year/2-year separa - tion 2,984 2,063 2,717 (3) 1,979 4,264 Not reported (1) 11 21 6 9 49

Duration of marriage up to 2 years 353 320 263 223 237 2- 4 years 2,246 1,884 1,869 1,181 1,904 5- 9 years 3,824 3,329 3,648 2,663 4,245 10 + 10,091 8,738 9,646 6,929 12,804 Not declared 203 156 174 17 —

(1) From 2016 onwards, "contested divorces " also include "other divorces " and divorces whose cause was not reported. (2) The decrease in the number of divorces is due to the abstention of lawyers during the first semester of the year. (3) Revised data.

24 25 Economic data 3 Economic data Economic data 3

1. Selected economic indicators, 2014 - 2020 (9)

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

(% change, unless otherwise indicated) Domestic economy GDP at constant prices of 2015 0.7 -0.4 -0.5 1.3 1.6 1.9 -8.2 Total domestic demand (contribution) 0.4 0.6 0.4 1.0 1.3 1.2 -2.4 Private consumption 0.0 -0.3 -0.5 1.9 2.3 1.9 -5.2 Public consumption -0.6 1.6 -0.2 -0.1 -4.2 1.2 2.7 Gross fixed capital formation -3.2 0.2 2.3 8.1 -6.6 -4.6 -0.6 Exports of goods and services 8.2 5.0 -0.4 8.5 9.1 4.8 -21.7 Imports of goods and services 6.7 7.9 2.2 7.4 8.0 3.0 -6.8 GDP deflator -1.9 -0.3 -0.6 0.4 -0.1 0.2 -1.5 GDP at current prices (billion €) 177.3 176.1 174.2 177.2 179.7 183.4 165.8 GDP at current prices -1.3 -0.7 -1.1 1.7 1.5 2.1 -9.6 CPI (1) (annual average) -1.3 -1.7 -0.8 1.1 0.6 0.3 -1.2 HICP (2) (annual average) -1.4 -1.1 0.0 1.1 0.8 0.5 -1.3 Core Inflation (3) (annual average) -1.4 -1.3 -0.4 0.0 0.0 0.5 -0.7 Unemployment (annual average rate) 26.5 24.9 23.5 21.5 19.3 17.3 16.3

(% of GDP) Public finance (General Government) Total revenues 47.1 48.3 50.3 49.1 49.4 49.0 51.0 Total expenditures 50.7 54.1 50.0 48.5 48.5 47.9 60.7 Primary expenditures 46.7 50.6 46.8 45.3 45.1 44.9 57.7 Overall balance -3.6 -5.9 0.2 0.6 0.9 1.1 -9.7 Primary balance 0.4 -2.3 3.5 3.7 4.3 4.1 -6.7 Gross debt ( Μaastricht) (4) 180.2 177.0 180.8 179.2 186.2 180.5 205.6

Balance of payments (5)(6) Current account balance -0.7 -0.8 -1.8 -1.9 -2.9 -1.5 -6.7 Trade and services balance -1.3 -0.6 -1.0 -1.0 -1.8 -0.9 -6.8 Exports of goods and services 32.3 32.1 31.2 34.8 38.7 39.6 31.1 Imports of goods and services 33.6 32.7 32.2 35.8 40.5 40.5 37.9 Secondary income balance -0.2 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3 -0.2 0.3 0.3 Primary income balance 0.8 0.1 -0.5 -0.6 -1.0 -0.9 -0.3 Net international investment position -132.9 -136.3 -139.3 -143.2 -148.5 -155.8 -176.3

(% change, unless otherwise indicated) Interest rates and credit (5) Lending rate (7) 6.1 5.8 5.4 5.1 4.8 4.5 4.1 Credit to private sector (8) -3.1 -2.0 -1.5 -0.8 -1.1 -0.6 3.5

Exchange rates (5) Nominal effective exchange rate 0.7 -2.7 1.3 1.4 2.1 -0.2 1.3 Real effective exchange rate (CPI - based) -1.8 -4.6 0.5 0.6 0.6 -1.5 -0.9

(1) CPI: Consumer Price Index. (2) HICP: Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices. (3) Core Ιnflation : CPI excluding food , beverages , tobacco and energy. (4) Debt as defined in the Maastricht Treaty. (5) Source: Bank of Greece. (6) Is based on the new compilation methodology of the Balance of Payments (BPM6). (7) Loans to corporations, up to 1 year. Percentage at the end of December, ex - cluding charges. (8) Domestic credit growth to households and enterprises. (9) GDP (and components) data for 2010-2019 have been revised with 2015 as base year. The revision of data for the years 1995-2009 is in progress and therefore, in the year 2010 there is a break in the timeseries, between the unrevised data for 1995-2009 and the revised data for 2010-2020.

28 29 3 Economic data Economic data 3

2. Gross domestic product at current prices , 2a. Gross domestic product at current prices , 2016 - 2020 quarterly data , 2020 and 2021 ( Q4) (2) Million euro Million euro. Reference year 2015. Νon-seasonally adjusted data 2016 2017 2018* 2019* 2020* 2020 2021

Production approach Q1* Q2* Q3* Q4* Q1* Output of goods and serv - ices (at basic prices) 277,616 287,749 295,638 299,125 265,546 Production approach Intermediate consumption Gross value added (at basic 35 ,481 34 ,023 38 ,860 37 ,296 34 ,647 (at purchasers' prices) 125,677 133,156 139,857 140,088 119,886 prices) Gross value added (at basic Agriculture, hunting and prices) 151,939 154,593 155,780 159,037 145,660 forestry, fishing 1,610 1,707 1,734 1,778 1,624 Agriculture, hunting and Industry, including energy forestry, fishing 6,134 6,822 6,576 6,932 6,829 and construction 5,583 5,397 6,104 5,988 5,847 Industry, including energy Services 28 ,288 26 ,920 31 ,022 29 ,530 27 ,177 and construction 25,354 24,379 23,771 23,635 23,072 Taxes on products 5,446 4,577 6,259 5,647 4,933 Services 120,451 123,392 125,434 128,470 115,759 Subsidies on products 366 471 526 396 381 Taxes on products 23,973 24,210 25,476 25,979 21,930 Subsidies on products 1,676 1,651 1,529 1,603 1,760 Expenditure approach Final consumption expendi - Expenditure approach ture 37 ,900 36 ,686 40 ,799 40 ,664 35 ,857 Final consumption expendi - Households and NPISH (1) 29 ,421 27 ,596 31 ,659 30 ,260 27 ,235 ture 154,421 157,836 159,569 163,180 156,048 Households 28 ,745 26 ,966 30 ,941 29 ,576 26 ,609 Households and NPISH (1) 118,904 121,679 124,430 127,030 118,935 NPISH (1) 677 629 718 684 626 Households 115,945 118,878 121,538 124,138 116,227 General Government 8,479 9,091 9,140 10 ,404 8,622 NPISH (1) 2,959 2,800 2,892 2,892 2,708 Gross capital formation 7,237 4,597 5,444 5,025 7,765 General Government 35,517 36,157 35,140 36,150 37,113 Gross fixed capital for - Gross capital formation 22,336 21,988 23,971 23,274 22,304 mation 3,985 4,523 4,721 5,205 4,644 Gross fixed capital forma - Changes in inventories 3,252 74 723 -180 3,121 tion 19,209 20,784 19,482 18,589 18,433 Domestic demand 45 ,137 41 ,283 46 ,243 45 ,689 43 ,622 Changes in inventories/Ac - Exports of goods and serv - quisitions less disposals of ices 13 ,497 11 ,307 14 ,853 13 ,223 13 ,533 valuables 3,128 1,204 4,489 4,685 3,871 Imports of goods and serv - Domestic demand 176,757 179,824 183,540 186,454 178,352 ices 18 ,073 14 ,462 16 ,503 16 ,365 17 ,956 Exports of goods and serv - External balance of goods and ices 54,595 61,977 70,015 73,516 52,880 services -4 ,576 -3 ,155 -1 ,649 -3 ,142 -4 ,423 Imports of goods and serv - ices 57,115 64,648 73,827 76,556 65,402 Income approach External balance of goods and Compensation of employees 16 ,472 16 ,964 16 ,413 17 ,682 15 ,658 services -2,520 -2,672 -3,813 -3,040 -12,522 Gross operating surplus/ mixed income 19 ,154 18 ,498 23 ,180 19 ,789 20 ,036 Income approach Taxes on production and im - Compensation of employees 62,988 63,830 66,044 68,156 67,530 ports 6,016 5,407 7,237 7,953 5,877 Gross operating surplus / Subsidies 1,081 2,740 2,237 2,877 2,371 mixed income 85,085 86,753 86,193 87,938 80,621 Taxes on production and im - Gross domestic product at ports 30,570 30,948 31,658 32,159 26,613 market prices 40 ,561 38 ,129 44 ,593 42 ,547 39 ,199 Subsidies 4,406 4,379 4,168 4,840 8,934 * = Provisional data. Gross domestic product at (1) Non-profit Institutions Serving Households. market prices 174,237 177,152 179,727 183,413 165,830 (2) From 2010 onwards, the data on GDP and its components have been revised with base year 2015. * = Provisional data. (1) Non-Profit Institutions Serving Households.

30 31 3 Economic data Economic data 3

3. Gross domestic product at constant prices of 2015 , 3a. Gross domestic product at prices of reference year 2015 , 2016 - 2020 quarterly data , 2020 and 2021 ( Q1) (2) Million euro Million euro. Reference year 2015. Νon-seasonally adjusted data 2016 2017 2018* 2019* 2020* 2020 2021

Production approach Q1* Q2* Q3* Q4* Q1* Output of goods and serv - ices (at basic prices) 284,925 291,626 295,939 297,581 269,494 Production approach Intermediate consumption Gross value added (at basic (at purchasers' prices) 130,647 134,336 136,844 136,325 121,429 prices) 36,129 34,533 39,627 37,921 35,573 Gross value added (at basic Agriculture, hunting and prices) 154,279 157,304 159,105 161,322 148,211 forestry, fishing 1,778 1,826 1,873 1,894 1,800 Agriculture, hunting and Industry, including en - forestry, fishing 6,310 7,136 7,036 7,394 7,371 ergy and construction 6,094 5,999 6,760 6,634 6,331 Industry, including energy Services 28,287 26,763 31,029 29,450 27,507 and construction 26,126 25,785 25,905 26,157 25,486 Taxes on products 5,289 4,662 6,077 5,605 5,175 Services 121,843 124,379 126,145 127,760 115,529 Subsidies on products 340 325 376 360 255 Taxes on products 22,780 22,035 22,823 23,890 21,633 Subsidies on products 1,811 1,772 1,636 1,663 1,400 Expenditure approach Final consumption expendi - Expenditure approach ture 37,924 36,610 41,146 40,952 36,645 (1) Final consumption expendi - Households and NPISH 29,645 27,788 32,484 30,903 27,928 ture 155,903 158,143 159,393 162,153 156,630 Households 28,969 27,161 31,754 30,211 27,291 (1) Households and NPISH (1) 119,980 122,248 125,027 127,384 120,818 NPISH 675 628 729 692 636 Households 116,982 119,441 122,146 124,511 118,093 General Government 8,280 8,788 8,674 10,005 8,684 NPISH (1) 2,998 2,806 2,880 2,872 2,724 Gross capital formation 7,727 5,397 5,571 5,058 7,821 General Government 35,924 35,894 34,386 34,795 35,747 Gross fixed capital forma - Gross capital formation 22,645 22,217 23,258 22,639 23,756 tion 4,024 4,569 4,762 5,235 4,669 Gross fixed capital formation 19,437 21,006 19,621 18,713 18,592 Domestic demand 45,690 42,005 46,706 45,990 44,354 Domestic demand 178,548 180,363 182,648 184,762 180,392 Exports of goods and serv - Exports of goods and serv - ices 13,366 12,296 15,407 13,795 13,190 ices 56,427 61,230 66,810 70,046 54,866 Imports of goods and serv - Imports of goods and serv - ices 17,784 15,362 16,756 16,537 16,944 ices 59,728 64,132 69,255 71,299 66,442 Gross domestic product at Gross domestic product at market prices 41,084 38,841 45,359 43,178 40,519 market prices 175,248 177,492 180,259 183,606 168,463 * = Provisional data. (1) Non-profit Institutions Serving Households. * = Provisional data. (1) Non-Profit Institutions Serving Households. (2) From 2010 onwards, the data on GDP and its components have been revised with base year 2015.

32 33 3 Economic data Economic data 3

4. Gross domestic product , 4a. Gross domestic product , 2016 - 2020 quarterly data, 2020 and 2021 ( Q1) (3) Αnnual volume changes (%) Chain-linked volume. Reference year 2015. Νon-seasonally adjusted data 2016 2017 2018* 2019* 2020* 2020 2021

Production approach Q1* Q2* Q3* Q4* Q1* Output of goods and services (at basic prices) -0.9 2.4 1.5 0.6 -9.4 Year-on-year change (%) Intermediate consumption (at pur - Production approach chasers' prices) -1.0 2.8 1.9 -0.4 -10.9 Gross value added (at basic Gross value added (at basic prices) -0.8 2.0 1.1 1.4 -8.1 prices) -1 .7 -15 .0 -9 .5 -5 .6 -1 .5 Agriculture, hunting and forestry, Agriculture, hunting and forestry, fishing 0.4 -0 .4 0.2 -1 .4 1.2 fishing -7.4 13.1 -1.4 5.1 -0.3 Industry, including energy Industry, including energy and and construction -0 .5 -7 .8 -1 .8 -0 .1 3.9 construction 2.2 -1.3 0.5 1.0 -2.6 Services -2 .0 -17 .1 -11 .4 -6 .8 -2 .8 Services -1.1 2.1 1.4 1.3 -9.6 Taxes on products -0 .5 -19 .9 -8 .8 -8 .0 -2 .1 Taxes on products 2.9 -3.3 3.6 4.7 -9.4 Subsidies on products -8 .7 -22 .4 -17 .8 -13 .3 -24 .8 Subsidies on products 13.0 -2.2 -7.7 1.6 -15.8 Expenditure approach Expenditure approach Final consumption expendi - Final consumption expenditure -0.5 1.4 0.8 1.7 -3.4 ture -1 .4 -10 .7 2.5 -3 .7 -3 .4 Households and NPISH (1) -0.5 1.9 2.3 1.9 -5.2 Households and NPISH (1) -2 .2 -13 .1 1.9 -6 .9 -5 .8 General Government -0.2 -0.1 -4.2 1.2 2.7 General Government 1.4 -2 .6 4.8 7.3 4.9 Gross capital formation 6.3 -1.9 4.7 -2.7 4.9 Gross capital formation 2.2 5.7 52 .6 -20 .0 1.2 Gross fixed capital formation 2.3 8.1 -6.6 -4.6 -0.6 Gross fixed capital forma - Domestic demand (2) 0.4 1.0 1.3 1.2 -2.4 tion -0 .7 -1 .0 2.2 -2 .7 16 .0 Exports of goods and services -0.4 8.5 9.1 4.8 -21.7 Domestic demand (2) -0 .9 -9 .0 5.9 -6 .3 -3 .3 Imports of goods and services 2.2 7.4 8.0 3.0 -6.8 Exports of goods and ser - vices 0.7 -29 .8 -35 .2 -10 .9 -1 .3 Gross domestic product at mar - Imports of goods and ser- ket prices -0.5 1.3 1.6 1.9 -8.2 vices 1.6 -12 .9 -5 .8 -10 .0 -4 .7

* = Provisional data. Gross domestic product at (1) Non-Profit Institutions Serving Households. market prices -1 .4 -15 .6 -9 .4 -5 .9 -1 .4 (2) Contribution to GDP growth rate. * = Provisional data. (1) Non-Profit Institutions Serving Households. (2) Contribution to GDP growth rate. (3) From 2010 onwards, the data on GDP and its components have been revised with base year 2015.

4b. Gross domestic product , quarterly data, 2020 and 2021 ( Q1) (1) Million euro. Reference year 2015 Chain-linked volume. Seasonally adjusted data

2020 2021

Q1* Q2* Q3* Q4* Q1*

Gross domestic product at market prices 45,465 39,603 41,126 42,543 44,425 Quarter-on-quarter change % -0.5 -12.9 3.8 3.4 4.4 Year-on-year change (%) -0.5 -13.9 -10. 0 -6.9 -2.3

* = Provisional data. (1) From 2010 onwards, the data on GDP and its components have been revised with base year 2015.

34 35 3 Economic data Economic data 3

5. Savings - Investment , 6. National Accounts: Wages, productivity and 2015 - 2019 (4) labour cost, 2016 - 2020 (3) Million euro. At current prices Year -on - year change (%) 2015 2016 2017 2018* 2019* 2016 2017 2018* 2019* 2020*

GDP 176,110 174,237 177,152 179,727 183,413 Compensation per employee (1) -3.7 1.5 1.8 1.0 0.0 Labour productivity -5.5 2.3 -0.6 0.8 -7.2 Savings ratio (Gross Sav - Unit labour cost (2) 0.1 -0.3 1.6 0.4 7.6 ings/ Gross Disposable In - GDP deflator -0.6 0.4 -0.1 0.2 -1.5 come) 0.11 0.11 0.10 0.10 0.11 * = Provisional data. Gross Savings / Investment (1) 0.98 0.96 0.87 0.90 1.04 (1) All branches of economic activity are included . (2) Unit labour cost (ULC ) measures the average cost of labour per unit of out - Savings - Investment Bal - put and is calculated as the ratio of labour compensation to real GDP. ance (3) GDP (and components) data for 2010-2019 have been revised with 2015 as - base year. The revision of the data for the years 1995-2009 is still in progress Investment 18,997 19,209 20,784 19,482 18,589 and, therefore, in the year 2010 there is a break in the timeseries between Private sector (Ip) 12,185 12,974 12,751 13,621 14,155 the unrevised data for 1995-2009 and the revised data for 2010-2020. General Government (Ig) 6,812 6,235 8,033 5,861 4,434

Gross savings 18,704 18,351 18,180 17,451 19,274 Private sector (Sp) 19,285 13,667 12,839 10,803 12,317 General Government (Sg) -581 4,683 5,341 6,648 6,957

Use of foreign savings National Accounts: Wages, productivity and (Sp-Ip) + (Sg-Ig )(2) -292 -858 -2,604 -2,031 685 labour cost (y-o-y change %) Private sector (Sp-Ip) 7,100 694 87 -2,818 -1,838 General Government 8.0 (Sg-Ig )(3) -7,393 -1,552 -2,692 787 2,523

(% of GDP) 4.0 GDP 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Investment 10.8 11.0 11.7 10.8 10.1 Private sector (Ip) 6.9 7.4 7.2 7.6 7.7 0.0 General Government (Ig) 3.9 3.6 4.5 3.3 2.4

Gross savings 10.6 10.5 10.3 9.7 10.5 -4.0 Private sector (Sp) 11.0 7.8 7.2 6.0 6.7 General Government (Sg) -0.3 2.7 3.0 3.7 3.8

Use of foreign savings -8.0 (Sp-Ip) + (Sg-Ig )(2) -0.2 -0.5 -1.5 -1.1 0.4 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Private sector (Sp-Ip) 4.0 0.4 0.0 -1.6 -1.0 General Government Compensation per employee (Sg-Ig )(3) -4.2 -0.9 -1.5 0.4 1.4 Labour productivity Unit labour cost * = Provisional data. (1) Investments: Gross Capital Formation. (2) = - [Current external balance of the Rest of the World]. National accounts concept similar to the current account balance of the BoP. (3) = General Government overall balance minus net capital transfers (receiv - able minus payable) plus acquisitions less disposals of non-financial non- produced assets. (4) GDP (and components) data for 2010-2019 have been revised with 2015 as - base year. The revision of the data for the years 1995-2009 is still in progress and, therefore, in the year 2010 there is a break in the timeseries between the unrevised data for 1995-2009 and the revised data for 2010-2019.

36 37 3 Economic data Economic data 3

7. Main aggregates of General Government ,2014 - 2020 Million euro 2014* 2015* 2016* 2017* 2018* 2019* 2020*

Revenue 83,487 84,977 87,578 86,896 88,807 89,864 84,515 Taxes on production and imports, receivable 28,086 28,485 30,274 30,591 31,331 31,660 27,221 Taxes on income and property, receivable 17,419 16,777 17,776 17,734 18,598 17,813 15,191 Social contributions 24,088 24,422 24,908 25,998 26,272 26,654 25,453 Other 9,676 10,004 11,530 10,109 9,902 10,664 9,973 Capital transfers, receivable 4,218 5,289 3,090 2,464 2,704 3,073 6,677 Total expenditure 89,913 95,336 87,154 85,873 87,137 87,765 100,645 Primary expenditure 82,843 89,055 81,542 80,307 81,059 82,261 95,700 Compensation of employees, payable 21,867 21,529 21,427 21,516 21,727 21,902 22,253 Social benefits 39,010 39,485 39,351 38,523 38,557 39,547 39,478 Goods and services 8,825 8,870 9,287 9,377 8,551 8,602 8,705 Subsidies, payable 1,754 1,739 1,802 1,701 1,554 1,832 5,922 Other current transfers, payable 3,042 2,809 2,815 2,663 3,113 2,877 3,148 Capital transfers, payable 8,345 14,623 6,860 6,527 7,557 7,501 16,194 Interest payments 7,070 6,281 5,612 5,566 6,078 5,504 4,945 Primary balance (excluding interest) (1) 644 -4,078 6,036 6,589 7,748 7,603 -11,185 Overall balance -6,426 -10,359 424 1,023 1,670 2,099 -16,130 Gross debt (Maastricht) (2) 319,629 311,729 315,012 317,481 334,721 331,073 341,023 Memorandum Item: Support to financial institutions (3)(4) (sign is neg - ative when expenditures exceed revenues) 136 -4,842 351 -106 -97 114 -26

(% of GDP) Revenue 47.1 48.3 50.3 49.1 49.4 49.0 51.0 Taxes on production and imports, receivable 15.8 16.2 17.4 17.3 17.4 17.3 16.4 Taxes on income and property, receivable 9.8 9.5 10.2 10.0 10.3 9.7 9.2 Social contributions 13.6 13.9 14.3 14.7 14.6 14.5 15.3 Other 5.5 5.7 6.6 5.7 5.5 5.8 6.0 Capital transfers, receivable 2.4 3.0 1.8 1.4 1.5 1.7 4.0 Total expenditure 50.7 54.1 50.0 48.5 48.5 47.9 60.7 Primary expenditure 46.7 50.6 46.8 45.3 45.1 44.9 57.7 Compensation of employees, payable 12.3 12.2 12.3 12.1 12.1 11.9 13.4 Social benefits 22.0 22.4 22.6 21.7 21.5 21.6 23.8 Goods and services 5.0 5.0 5.3 5.3 4.8 4.7 5.2 Subsidies, payable 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 3.6 Other current transfers, payable 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.7 1.6 1.9 Capital transfers, payable 4.7 8.3 3.9 3.7 4.2 4.1 9.8 Interest payments 4.0 3.6 3.2 3.1 3.4 3.0 3.0 Primary balance (excluding interest) (1) 0.4 -2.3 3.5 3.7 4.3 4.1 -6.7 Overall balance -3.6 -5.9 0.2 0.6 0.9 1.1 -9.7 Gross debt (Maastricht) (2) 180.2 177.0 180.8 179.2 186.2 180.5 205.6 Memorandum Item: Support to financial institutions (3)(4) (sign is neg - ative when expenditures exceed revenues) 0.1 -2.7 0.2 -0.1 -0.1 0.1 0.0 GDP at market prices (in million €) 177,349 176,110 174,237 177,152 179,727 183,413 165,830

* = Provisional data. (3) For the years 2014, 2016 and 2019, the impact of the support to financial in - (1) General Government primary balance is defined here as General Govern - stitutions has been positive for the General Government balance. This is due ment balance (according to ESA 2010) minus interest expenditure of Gen - to the fees accruing on the inter-bank lending guarantees and the bond eral Government entities to other sectors. The effect of support to financial loan scheme and the revenues from bank preference shares, being greater institutions is included in this measure of the primary balance. The measure than the expenditures accrued. For the remaining years, the expenditures of the primary balance presented here differs from the definition of primary of the support were larger than the related revenues. balance used under the Economic Adjustment Programme for Greece. (4) The support to the financial institutions includes the on-going revenues and expenditures associated with interventions starting from 2008, in addition (2) Debt as defined in the Maastricht Treaty. to new revenues and expenditures that arose during the years 2011 - 2019 for the banks’ resolution and the recapitalisation of the four core banks.

38 39 3 Economic data Economic data 3

Main aggregates of General Government as percentage of GDP Expenditure of General Government as percentage of GDP 65.0 25.0

60.0 20.0

55.0 15.0

50.0 10.0

45.0 5.0

40.0 0.0 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

Total expenditure Compensation of employees Primary expenditure Social bene!ts Revenue Goods and services Capital transfers Interest payments

Revenue of General Government as percentage of GDP Primary balance and overall balance of General Government as percentage of GDP 18.0 6.0 16.0 2.0 14.0 -2.0 12.0 -6.0 10.0 -10.0 8.0 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 -14.0 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Social contributions Taxes on production Primary balance Taxes on income Overall balance

40 41 3 Economic data Economic data 3

7a. Main aggregates of General Government , quarterly data, 2019 and 2020 ( Q4) Million euro. Νon-seasonally adjusted data 2019 2019 2020

Q2* Q3* Q4* Q1* Q2* Q3* Q4*

Revenue 22,284 23,826 25,922 17,331 18,099 21,413 27,672 Taxes on production and imports, receivable 7,246 8,809 8,955 5,963 5,271 7,179 8,808 Taxes on income and property, receivable 5,039 5,455 4,571 3,017 4,537 2,773 4,864 Social contributions 6,494 6,532 6,938 6,473 5,493 6,817 6,670 Other 3,157 2,486 3,458 1,820 1,839 2,959 3,355 Capital transfers, receivable 348 544 2,000 58 959 1,685 3,975 Total expenditure 22,388 21,484 24,116 20,306 23,998 23,911 32,430 Primary expenditure 20,967 20,099 22,790 19,062 22,742 22,686 31,210 Compensation of employees, payable 5,617 5,480 5,528 5,396 5,569 5,555 5,733 Social benefits 10,514 9,530 10,154 9,597 9,595 9,644 10,642 Goods and services 2,290 1,897 3,010 1,431 1,913 2,158 3,203 Subsidies, payable 433 537 508 378 2,052 1,510 1,982 Other current transfers, payable 534 619 755 816 832 618 882 Capital transfers, payable 1,579 2,036 2,835 1,444 2,781 3,201 8,768 Interest payments 1,421 1,385 1,326 1,244 1,256 1,225 1,220 Primary balance (excluding interest) (1) 1,317 3,727 3,132 -1,731 -4,643 -1,273 -3,538 Overall balance -104 2,342 1,806 -2,975 -5,899 -2,498 -4,758 Gross debt (Maastricht) (2) 335,515 334,277 331,073 329,616 333,838 337,661 341,023 Memorandum Item: Support to financial institutions (3) (sign is neg - ative when expenditures exceed revenues) -19 -4 157 -8 -26 -1 9

(% of Revenues) Taxes on production and imports, receivable 32.5 37.0 34.5 34.4 29.1 33.5 31.8 Taxes on income and property, receivable 22.6 22.9 17.6 17.4 25.1 13.0 17.6 Social contributions 29.1 27.4 26.8 37.3 30.3 31.8 24.1 Other 14.2 10.4 13.3 10.5 10.2 13.8 12.1 Capital transfers, receivable 1.6 2.3 7.7 0.3 5.3 7.9 14.4

(As percentage of total Expenditure) Primary expenditure 93.7 93.6 94.5 93.9 94.8 94.9 96.2 Compensation of employees, payable 25.1 25.5 22.9 26.6 23.2 23.2 17.7 Social benefits 47.0 44.4 42.1 47.3 40.0 40.3 32.8 Goods and services 10.2 8.8 12.5 7.0 8.0 9.0 9.9 Subsidies, payable 1.9 2.5 2.1 1.9 8.6 6.3 6.1 Other current transfers, payable 2.4 2.9 3.1 4.0 3.5 2.6 2.7 Capital transfers, payable 7.1 9.5 11.8 7.1 11.6 13.4 27.0 Interest payments 6.3 6.4 5.5 6.1 5.2 5.1 3.8

(Year-on-year change %) Revenue 10.3 1.4 -0.8 -2.8 -18.8 -10.1 6.8 Taxes on production and imports, receivable 6.0 1.1 -4.1 -10.3 -27.3 -18.5 -1.6 Taxes on income and property, receivable 8.3 0.9 -8.3 9.8 -10.0 -49.2 6.4 Social contributions 0.7 -2.6 3.8 -3.2 -15.4 4.4 -3.9 Other 47.2 11.9 1.9 16.4 -41.7 19.0 -3.0 Capital transfers, receivable 178.4 21.7 15.3 -68.0 175.6 209.7 98.8 Total expenditure 10.0 2.9 -7.3 2.7 7.2 11.3 34.5 Primary expenditure 11.6 3.8 -7.0 3.6 8.5 12.9 36.9 Compensation of employees, payable 4.3 0.6 -0.4 2.3 -0.9 1.4 3.7 Social benefits 15.7 -0.6 -2.8 2.7 -8.7 1.2 4.8 Goods and services 16.8 -4.3 -3.4 1.9 -16.5 13.8 6.4 Subsidies, payable -2.5 25.2 36.9 6.8 373.9 181.2 290.2 Other current transfers, payable -10.4 -6.5 -20.4 -15.8 55.8 -0.2 16.8 Capital transfers, payable 21.1 62.2 -30.4 37.4 76.1 57.2 209.3 Interest payments -9.3 -8.4 -12.3 -9.3 -11.6 -11.6 -8.0

* = Provisional data. (3) For the fourth quarter of 2019 and the fourth quarter of 2020, the impact (1) General Government primary balance is defined here as General Govern - of the support to financial institutions has been positive for the General Gov - ment balance (according to ESA 2010) minus interest expenditure of Gen - ernment balance. This is due to the fees accruing on the inter-banklending eral Government entities to other sectors. The effect of support to financial guarantees and the bond loan scheme, and the revenues from bank pref - institutions is included in this measure of the primary balance. The measure erence shares, being greater than the expenditures accrued. For the remain - of the primary balance presented here differs from the definition of primary ing quarters, the expenditures ofthe support were larger than the related balance used under the Economic Adjustment Programme for Greece. revenues. (2) Debt as defined in the Maastricht Treaty. 42 43 3 Economic data Economic data 3

8. General Government debt, 2013 - 2020 Million euro 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

Nominal value of debt out - standing at the end of the year 320,498 319,629 311,729 315,012 317,481 334,721 331,073 341,023

Currency and deposits 1,088 6,374 5,546 5,987 6,008 6,245 6,577 6,548 Securities other than shares, excl. financial derivatives 79,194 69,466 61,084 57,162 54,938 52,882 57,854 67,167 Short-term (≤1 year ) 10,872 12,190 10,884 10,087 14,261 11,144 11,752 11,121 Long-term (>1 year ) 68,322 57,276 50,200 47,075 40,677 41,738 46,102 56,046 Loans 240,216 243,789 245,099 251,863 256,535 275,594 266,642 267,308 Short-term 2,164 2,370 1,509 2,198 2,036 2,241 2,267 2,242 Long-term 238,052 241,419 243,590 249,665 254,499 273,353 264,375 265,066

(% of debt) Currency and deposits 0.3 2.0 1.8 1.9 1.9 1.9 2.0 1.9 Securities other than shares, excl. financial derivatives 24.7 21.7 19.6 18.1 17.3 15.8 17.5 19.7 Short-term 3.4 3.8 3.5 3.2 4.5 3.3 3.5 3.3 Long-term 21.3 17.9 16.1 14.9 12.8 12.5 13.9 16.4 Loans 75.0 76.3 78.6 80.0 80.8 82.3 80.5 78.4 Short-term 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 Long-term 74.3 75.5 78.1 79.3 80.2 81.7 79.9 77.7

Structure of General Government debt (percent of total) Evolution of debt as percentage of GDP

100.0 206.0

80.0 200.0

60.0 194.0 40.0 188.0 20.0

182.0 0.0

-20.0 176.0 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

Loans Securities Currency and deposits

44 45 3 Economic data Economic data 3

9. Αggregated balance sheet of Monetary Financial Institutions (MFIs) (1) , May 2016 - 2021 Billion euro May May May May May May 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

Total Assets 541.4 477.8 410.3 390.3 464.7 524.1 Cash (held by credit institutions) 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.8 Claims on the Bank of Greece 1.5 1.7 5.0 3.1 13.8 31.1 Claims on the other MFIs 120.6 74.8 39.1 23.2 42.9 58.3 Claims (Loans) on non-MFIs 223.6 209.5 194.6 178.5 164.5 150.8 Domestic 219.2 205.3 191.2 168.3 154.9 138.4 General Government 17.4 13.1 12.0 7.3 7.1 9.4 Other sectors 201.9 192.2 179.2 161.0 147.8 129.0 Other countries 4.4 4.1 3.4 10.1 9.7 12.4 Holdings of debt securities 118.8 119.6 101.2 108.3 159.6 203.4 Other assets 70.7 66.0 64.4 69.8 75.9 72.6 Fixed assets 4.6 4.7 4.6 5.7 6.3 6.2

Total Liabilities 541.4 477.8 410.3 390.3 464.7 524.1 Liabilities to the Bank of Greece 95.7 56.9 20.9 8.1 28.1 44.5 Liabilities to other MFIs 114.1 100.0 71.1 50.9 82.0 130.7 Deposits and repos of non-MFIs 158.6 161.8 174.3 197.5 228.9 236.1 Domestic 135.1 136.4 159.6 181.4 186.1 206.1 Other countries 6.5 9.0 6.8 8.0 8.6 10.7 Capital and reserves (2) (3) 91.2 87.2 79.6 72.1 66.7 54.3 Banknotes and coins in circulation 29.4 30.7 32.0 28.9 31.6 34.3 Other liabilities 52.4 41.1 32.5 32.7 27.5 24.3

Money and credit M3 (4) 156.1 159.8 170.0 178.5 191.8 215.4 Credit to the private sector (5)(6) 201.9 192.3 179.3 161.2 147.9 129.6 Credit to General Government sector (6) 36.1 30.6 28.0 28.4 38.0 66.7

(Annual change %) (7) Μ3 (4) -3.5 4.3 6.6 4.8 7.4 12.3 Domestic deposits (8) -5.6 4.7 10.1 5.2 6.1 11.2 Credit to the private sector (5)(6) -2.0 -1.0 -1.9 -0.2 0.7 2.2 Credit to General Government sector (6) -3.2 -5.0 -11.6 1.6 22.4 72.8

Source: Bank of Greece. (5) Credit to domestic non-MFI residents by domestic MFIs, includes loans, MFI (1) As of December 2016, the Consignment Deposits and Loans Fund is excluded holdings of corporate bonds and securitised loans serviced by credit institu - from MFIs as the institution has been reclassified from the financial sector to tions. the General Government sector. As of March 2017, e-money institutions are (6) As of December 2016, loans of the Consignment, Deposits and Loans Fund included in the domestic balance sheet. As of March 2019, deposits and repos are excluded from the domestic credit, as the institution has been reclassi - of shipping companies, which have their registered office abroad, are no fied from the financial sector to the general government sector. longer included in the deposits of the domestic economy. Moreover, as of (7) Growth rates derived from the differences in outstanding amounts cor - March 2019, loans to shipping companies, which have their registered office rected for loan write-offs, revaluations in security prices, exchange rate vari - abroad, are no longer included in credit to the domestic economy. ations, reclassifications and any other changes which do not arise from (2) Revised data: as of June 2010 for oMFIs and as of June 2015 for the Bank of transactions. Greece, ''Capital and reserves'' includes current year results and valuation (8) As of December 2016, deposits in the Consignment Deposits and Loan Fund adjustments. The revision was triggered by a recommendation of the rele - are excluded from the domestic deposits as the institution has been reclassi - vant Eurosystem Working Group. fied from the financial sector to the General Government sector. (3) As of November 2017, Capital and reserves include the capital endownment of foreign branches operating in Greece. (4) Greek contribution to euro area M3.

46 47 3 Economic data Economic data 3

10. Balance of payments, 2013 - 2020 Million euro 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

I CURRENT ACCOUNT (I.A + I.B + I.C + Ι. D) -2,588.2 -1,317.8 -1,438.4 -3,050.0 -3,406.2 -5,232.2 -2,725.5 -11,144.2

GOODS AND SERVICES (I.A + I.B) -3,928.1 -2,385.3 -1,084.8 -1,662.7 -1,790.2 -3,184.7 -1,717.4 -11,249.7

Ι. A GOODS (I. Α.1 - I. Α.2 ) -19,672.9 -20,630.1 -17,666.1 -17,960.3 -19,833.9 -22,489.1 -22,833.3 -18,528.1 OIL balance -7,145.8 -6,446.2 -4,134.3 -2,985.5 -3,717.6 -5,180.7 -5,040.5 -3,196.0 BALANCE OF GOODS ex - cluding oil -12,527.1 -14,183.9 -13,531.8 -14,974.7 -16,116.3 -17,308.4 -17,792.8 -15,332.1 Ships' Balance -6.2 -96.2 -84.8 31.5 -39.9 -56.8 -345.1 -64.9 BALANCE OF GOODS ex - cluding ships -19,666.7 -20,533.9 -17,581.3 -17,991.7 -19,794.0 -22,432.3 -22,488.2 -18,463.2 BALANCE OF GOODS ex - cluding oil and ships -12,520.9 -14,087.7 -13,447.0 -15,006.2 -16,076.3 -17,251.6 -17,447.7 -15,267.2 I.A.1 Exports 26,187.4 26,150.3 24,805.1 24,613.2 28,040.5 32,372.8 32,433.6 28,904.4 Oil 9,225.0 9,039.4 6,643.3 6,162.5 7,887.8 10,016.9 9,078.8 6,102.5 Ships 83.7 100.6 144.4 119.8 102.0 130.9 91.5 153.1 Other goods 16,878.7 17,010.3 18,017.4 18,330.9 20,050.7 22,225.0 23,263.4 22,648.9 I.A.2 Imports 45,860.3 46,780.3 42,471.2 42,573.5 47,874.4 54,861.9 55,266.9 47,432.5 Oil 16,370.8 15,485.6 10,777.6 9,148.0 11,605.4 15,197.5 14,119.3 9,298.4 Ships 89.9 196.8 229.2 88.4 141.9 187.7 436.6 217.9 Other goods 29,399.6 31,098.0 31,464.4 33,337.1 36,127.0 39,476.7 40,711.1 37,916.1

Ι.Β SERVICES (I. Β.1 - I. Β.2 ) 15,744.8 18,244.8 16,581.3 16,297.6 18,043.7 19,304.4 21,115.9 7,278.3 I.B.1 Receipts 28,045.8 31,051.4 31,650.0 29,795.0 33,661.3 37,159.3 40,162.6 22,711.3 Travel 12,152.2 13,393.1 14,125.8 13,206.7 14,630.1 16,085.8 18,178.8 4,318.8 Transportation 12,060.9 13,130.8 13,663.7 12,574.4 14,473.8 16,629.9 17,303.1 13,814.2 Other services 3,832.7 4,527.5 3,860.5 4,013.9 4,557.3 4,443.6 4,680.7 4,578.3 I.B.2 Payments 12,301.0 12,806.6 15,068.7 13,497.5 15,617.6 17,854.9 19,046.8 15,433.0 Travel 1,835.2 2,076.4 2,037.4 2,005.3 1,904.7 2,191.0 2,743.8 792.9 Transportation 6,496.3 6,279.4 9,374.8 7,988.9 9,520.6 11,044.3 11,377.4 9,873.0 Other services 3,969.5 4,450.7 3,656.5 3,503.2 4,192.3 4,619.6 4,925.5 4,767.1

Ι. C PRIMARY INCOME (I.C.1 - I.C.2) -456.4 1,402.1 153.7 -798.9 -1,057.3 -1,726.4 -1,591.6 -455.6 I.C.1 Receipts 6,458.7 8,458.6 7,539.9 6,217.5 6,184.1 6,058.5 6,202.9 6,459.1 Compensation of employ - ees 209.6 209.9 226.2 211.4 216.6 223.0 246.9 201.4 Investment income 3,214.0 4,832.7 4,033.3 2,828.0 3,148.0 2,731.4 3,046.7 3,077.0 Other primary income 3,035.1 3,416.1 3,280.3 3,178.2 2,819.5 3,104.1 2,909.3 3,180.7 I.C.2 Payments 6,915.0 7,056.5 7,386.2 7,016.5 7,241.3 7,784.9 7,794.5 6,914.7 Compensation of employ - ees 452.8 491.3 1,187.3 1,211.6 1,343.7 1,363.7 1,411.6 1,336.4 Investment income 6,097.3 6,202.7 5,895.8 5,380.4 5,492.3 6,019.1 5,975.9 5,153.6 Other primary income 365.0 362.6 303.1 424.5 405.4 402.1 407.0 424.7

Ι. D SECONDARY INCOME (I.D.1 - I.D.2) 1,796.3 -334.6 -507.3 -588.4 -558.7 -321.1 583.5 561.2 I.D.1 Receipts 4,652.8 2,550.7 1,946.5 1,838.0 1,949.9 2,177.6 3,827.9 4,064.5 General Government 3,375.5 1,441.7 1,093.4 1,059.4 939.8 1,034.7 2,361.2 2,452.7 Other sectors 1,277.3 1,109.0 853.0 778.6 1,010.1 1,142.9 1,466.8 1,611.9 I.D.2 Payments 2,856.5 2,885.4 2,453.8 2,426.4 2,508.6 2,498.8 3,244.5 3,503.4 General Government 2,068.1 2,054.7 1,717.7 1,850.7 1,792.7 1,702.8 1,830.3 1,914.9 Other sectors 788.4 830.7 736.1 575.7 715.9 796.0 1,414.2 1,588.5

48 49 3 Economic data Economic data 3

10. Balance of payments, 2013 - 2020 (continued) Million euro 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

II CAPITAL ACCOUNT (II.1 - II.2) 3,040.9 2,510.8 1,988.6 1,035.7 914.5 353.2 679.8 2,733.6 ΙΙ.1 Receipts 3,380.6 2,866.2 2,369.5 1,278.4 1,133.8 1,007.4 1,178.7 3,124.5 General Government 3,298.9 2,789.8 2,319.3 1,198.2 1,040.2 627.5 1,023.0 2,932.0 Other sectors 81.7 76.4 50.2 80.2 93.6 379.8 155.8 192.5 ΙΙ.2 Payments 339.7 355.4 380.9 242.7 219.3 654.2 498.9 390.9 General Government 9.6 8.8 4.1 28.5 3.0 4.1 4.9 4.4 Other sectors 330.0 346.6 376.8 214.2 216.3 650.1 494.0 386.5

III CURRENT ACCOUNT AND CAPITAL ACCOUNT (I + II) 452.8 1,193.0 550.2 -2,014.3 -2,491.7 -4,879.1 -2,045.6 -8,410.6

IV FINANCIAL ACCOUNT (1) (ΙV. Α + Ι V. Β + Ι V.C + ΙV.D) 1,457.4 1,825.6 1,582.1 -873.6 -1,949.1 -3,923.7 -2,247.0 -7,927.4

IV.A DIRECT INVESTMENT (1) -2,713.7 250.0 279.4 -4,004.1 -2,935.8 -2,960.7 -3,910.5 -2,512.0 Assets -534.3 2,275.8 1,426.2 -1,551.3 143.0 437.8 562.4 703.6 Liabilities 2,179.4 2,025.9 1,146.8 2,452.8 3,078.8 3,398.5 4,472.9 3,215.7

IV.B PORTFOLIO INVESTMENT (1) 6,583.1 6,978.0 8,348.3 9,622.6 -20,117.7 73.8 24,231.5 48,339.5 Assets -1,023.6 8,910.1 6,996.0 7,059.0 -19,392.1 1,377.7 25,927.1 35,443.0 Liabilities -7,606.7 1,932.1 -1,352.4 -2,563.6 725.7 1,303.9 1,695.6 -12,896.5

ΙV.C OTHER INVESTMENT (1) -2,519.0 -5,858.5 -7,400.1 -7,073.6 20,986.4 -966.8 -22,652.0 -55,291.1 Assets -19,962.9 -5,624.7 12,402.6 -15,512.5 -11,744.7 -3,050.8 -3,605.6 2,362.1 Liabilities -17,443.9 233.8 19,802.6 -8,438.9 -32,731.0 -2,084.0 19,046.4 57,653.2 (Loans of General Govern - ment) 30,061.2 4,000.2 11,921.6 6,492.9 5,693.7 19,555.0 -4,444.8 1,342.6 ΙV.D CHANGE IN RESERVE AS - SETS (2) 107.0 456.0 354.4 581.5 118.0 -70.0 84.0 1,536.2

V BALANCING ITEM ( Ι + ΙΙ - IV + V = 0 ) 1,004.6 632.6 1,031.9 1,140.7 542.5 955.4 -201.3 483.2

RESERVE ASSETS (STOCK) (3) 4,172 5,117 5,535 6,539 6,509 6,625 7,571 9,739

Source: Bank of Greece. Note: The compilation of imports and exports of goods is based on ELSTAT’s trade statistics instead of the settlements data formerly used. (1) ( + ) increase ( - ) decrease According to the new BPM6, an increase /decrease of assets receives a posi - tive/negative sign and an increase/decrease of liabilities receives a posi - tive/negative sign. (2) ( + ) increase ( - ) decrease According to the new BPM6, an increase /decrease of reserve assets receives a positive/negative sign. (3) Reserve assets, as defined by the ECB, only include monetary gold, the re - serve position at the IMF, Special Drawing Rights, and the Bank of Greece's claims in foreign currency on residents of countries outside the euro area. Conversely, reserve assets do not include claims in euro on residents of countries outside the euro area, claims in foreign currency and in euro on residents of euro area countries, and the Bank of Greece's participation in the capital and the reserve assets of the ECB.

50 51 3 Economic data Economic data 3

11. Consumer price index (CPI), harmonised index of consumer prices ( HICP) , harmonised index of consumer prices at constant tax rates ( HICP -CT) and core inflation (CI), 2019 - 2021 (May) Changes (%) Annual average rates of change Year Monthly rates of change Annual rates of change and % % % month CPI HICP HICP -CT CI CPI HICP HICP -CT CI CPI HICP HICP-CT CI

2019: 12 0.7 0.4 0.4 0.9 0.8 1.1 2.4 0.7 0.3 0.5 1.3 0.5

2020: 1 -1.7 -1.3 -1.3 -3.3 0.9 1.1 2.4 0.7 0.3 0.6 1.5 0.6 2 -0.5 -0.4 -0.4 -0.4 0.2 0.4 1.7 0.3 0.3 0.5 1.6 0.6 3 1.6 1.2 1.2 3.6 0.0 0.2 1.5 1.1 0.2 0.5 1.6 0.6 4 -0.5 -0.1 0.0 0.2 -1.4 -0.9 0.5 -0.1 0.0 0.3 1.5 0.6 5 -0.8 -0.2 -0.2 -0.7 -1.1 -0.7 0.6 0.4 -0.1 0.2 1.5 0.6 6 0.0 -0.7 0.1 -0.3 -1.6 -1.9 -1.0 -1.4 -0.3 0.0 1.3 0.4 7 -1.7 -1.4 -1.4 -2.3 -1.8 -2.1 -1.2 -1.3 -0.4 -0.2 1.1 0.3 8 -0.6 -0.7 -0.7 -1.0 -1.9 -2.3 -1.4 -1.4 -0.5 -0.4 0.8 0.1 9 2.0 1.5 1.5 2.9 -2.0 -2.3 -1.4 -1.6 -0.7 -0.6 0.6 -0.1 10 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 -1.8 -2.0 -1.1 -1.4 -0.8 -0.8 0.4 -0.3 11 -0.9 -0.8 -0.8 -1.5 -2.1 -2.1 -1.3 -1.8 -1.0 -1.0 0.1 -0.5 12 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.7 -2.3 -2.4 -1.5 -2.0 -1.2 -1.3 -0.2 -0.7

2021: 1 -1.3 -1.3 -1.3 -2.7 -2.0 -2.4 -1.5 -1.3 -1.5 -1.5 -0.5 -0.9 2 0.2 0.2 0.2 -0.1 -1.3 -1.9 -1.0 -1.0 -1.6 -1.7 -0.7 -1.0 3 1.2 1.0 1.0 1.6 -1.6 -2.0 -1.2 -2.8 -1.7 -1.9 -1.0 -1.3 4 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.5 -0.3 -1.1 -0.3 -1.6 -1.6 -1.9 -1.0 -1.4 5 -0.4 -0.3 -0.3 -0.9 0.1 -1.2 -0.4 -1.7 -1.5 -2.0 -1.1 -1.6

Annual rates of change (%)

3.0

2.0

1.0

0.0

-1.0

-2.0

-3.0

2019 2020 2021

CPI HICP HICP-CT CI

52 53 3 Economic data Economic data 3

12 . Annual average sub-indices of the CPI groups 13. EU: HICP: Annual. average rate of change, 2016 - 2020 of items, 2017 - 2020 % 2009 = 100.0 Countries 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Groups of goods Weights ‰ 2017 2018 2019 2020 and services 2020 EU 27 0.2 1.6 1.8 1.4 0.7

Overall index 1,000.00 105.82 106.48 106.75 105.42 Euro area Austria (AT) 1.0 2.2 2.1 1.5 1.4 Food and non-alcoholic Belgium (BE) 1.8 2.2 2.3 1.2 0.4 beverages 202.67 104.93 105.35 105.23 106.66 France (FR) 0.3 1.2 2.1 1.3 0.5 Alcoholic beverages and Germany (DE) 0.4 1.7 1.9 1.4 0.4 tobacco 37.07 143.76 147.49 148.55 148.67 Greece (EL) 0.0 1.1 0.8 0.5 -1.3 Clothing and footwear 65.92 92.26 91.53 90.93 91.77 Estonia (EE) 0.8 3.7 3.4 2.3 -0.6 Housing 141.50 119.85 119.93 119.79 115.28 Ireland (IE) -0.2 0.3 0.7 0.9 -0.5 Durable household goods, Spain (ES) -0.3 2.0 1.7 0.8 -0.3 supplies and services 43.08 90.07 88.67 87.14 86.01 Italy (IT) -0.1 1.3 1.2 0.6 -0.1 Health 76.74 96.56 97.01 98.32 98.52 Cyprus (CY) -1.2 0.7 0.8 0.5 -1.1 Transport 144.01 121.16 124.46 126.20 119.49 Latvia (LV) 0.1 2.9 2.6 2.7 0.1 Communication 42.41 100.43 103.39 107.11 105.17 Lithuania (LT) 0.7 3.7 2.5 2.2 1.1 Recreation and culture 39.38 89.94 88.91 87.41 86.46 Luxembourg (LU) 0.0 2.1 2.0 1.6 0.0 Education 32.24 89.10 88.98 88.61 88.97 Malta (MT) 0.9 1.3 1.7 1.5 0.8 Hotels, cafés and restau - Netherlands (NE) 0.1 1.3 1.6 2.7 1.1 rants 109.23 107.39 108.72 109.24 109.06 Portugal (PT) 0.6 1.6 1.2 0.3 -0.1 Other goods and services 65.75 93.03 91.93 91.26 90.03 Slovakia (SK) -0.5 1.4 2.5 2.8 2.0 Slovenia (SI) -0.2 1.6 1.9 1.7 -0.3 Finland (FI) 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.1 0.4

Non-euro area Bulgaria (BG) -1.3 1.2 2.6 2.5 1.2 Denmark (DK) 0.0 1.1 0.7 0.7 0.3 Croatia (HR) -0.6 1.3 1.6 0.8 0.0 Hungary (HU) 0.4 2.4 2.9 3.4 3.4 Poland (PL) -0.2 1.6 1.2 2.1 3.7 Romania (RO) -1.1 1.1 4.1 3.9 2.3 Sweden (SE) 1.1 1.9 2.0 1.7 0.7 Czechia (CZ) 0.6 2.4 2.0 2.6 3.3

Source: Eurostat.

Euro area countries: HICP. Annual average rate of change (%), 2020 2.5

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

0.0

-0.5

-1.0

-1.5 SK AT LT NE MT FR BE DE FI LV LU IT PT ES SI IE EE CY EL

54 55 3 Economic data Economic data 3

14 . EU: Gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in purchasing 15. EU: General Government deficit/surplus as a percentage power standards, 2015 - 2019 of GDP, 2016 - 2020

Countries 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Countries 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

EU 27 100 100 100 100 100 EU 27 -1.4 -0.8 -0.4 -0.5 -6.9

Euro area Euro area Austria (AT) 131 130 127 128 126 Austria (AT) -1.5 -0.8 0.2 0.6 -8.9 Belgium (BE) 121 120 118 118 118 Belgium (BE) -2.4 -0.7 -0,8 -1,9 -9.4 France (FR) 107 106 104 104 106 France (FR) -3.6 -3.0 -2,3 -3,1 -9.2 Germany (DE) 125 125 124 123 120 Germany (DE) 1.2 1.4 1.8 1.5 -4.2 Greece (EL) 70 68 67 67 67 Greece (EL) 0.2 0.6 0.9 1.1 -9.7 Estonia (EE) 77 78 80 82 84 Estonia (EE) -0.4 -0.7 -0.6 0.1 -4.9 Ireland (IE) 181 177 185 191 193 Ireland (IE) -0.7 -0.3 0.1 0.5 -5.0 Spain (ES) 91 92 93 91 91 Spain (ES) -4.3 -3.0 -2.5 -2.9 -11.0 Italy (IT) 97 98 98 97 96 Italy (IT) -2.4 -2.4 -2.2 -1.6 -9.5 Cyprus (CY) 83 88 89 91 90 Cyprus (CY) 0.3 1.9 -3.5 1.5 -5.7 Latvia (LV) 65 66 67 69 69 Latvia (LV) 0.2 -0.8 -0.8 -0.6 -4.5 Lithuania (LT) 75 76 79 82 84 Lithuania (LT) 0.2 0.5 0.6 0.5 -7.4 Luxembourg (LU) 272 272 263 261 260 Luxembourg (LU) 1.9 1.3 3.0 2.4 -4.1 Malta (MT) 98 98 100 99 100 Malta (MT) 0.9 3.2 1.9 0.4 -10.1 Netherlands (NE) 132 129 129 130 128 Netherlands (NE) 0.0 1.3 1.4 1.8 -4.3 Portugal (PT) 78 78 78 78 79 Portugal (PT) -1.9 -3.0 -0.3 0.1 -5.7 Slovakia (SK) 78 73 71 71 70 Slovakia (SK) -2.6 -1.0 -1.0 -1.3 -6.2 Slovenia (SI) 83 84 86 87 89 Slovenia (SI) -1.9 -0.1 0.7 0.4 -8.4 Finland (FI) 111 111 111 112 111 Finland (FI) -1.7 -0.7 -0.9 -0.9 -5.4

Non-euro area Non-euro area Bulgaria (BG) 48 49 50 51 53 Bulgaria (BG) 0.2 1.2 2.0 2.1 -3.4 Denmark (DK) 128 128 130 129 130 Denmark (DK) 0.1 1.8 0.7 3.8 -1.1 Croatia (HR) 60 61 63 64 65 Croatia (HR) -0.9 0.8 0.2 0.3 -7.4 Hungary (HU) 70 69 69 71 73 Hungary (HU) -1.8 -2.4 -2.1 -2.1 -8.1 Poland (PL) 69 69 70 71 73 Poland (PL) -2.4 -1.5 -0.2 -0.7 -7.0 Romania (RO) 57 60 64 66 70 Romania (RO) -2.6 -2.6 -2.9 -4.4 -9.2 Sweden (SE) 129 124 122 120 119 Sweden (SE) 1.0 1.4 0.8 0.6 -3.1 Czechia (CZ) 89 89 91 92 93 Czechia (CZ) 0.7 1.5 0.9 0.3 -6.2

Source: Eurostat. Source: Eurostat.

Euro area countries: General Government deficit/surplus as a percentage of GDP, 2020

0.0

-3.0

-6.0

-9.0

-12.0 LU DE NE LV EE IE FI CY PT SK LT SI AT FR BE IT EL MT ES

56 57 3 Economic data 16. EU: General Government gross debt as a percentage of GDP, 2016 - 2020

Countries 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

EU 27 84.0 81.5 79.5 77.5 90.7

Euro area Austria (AT) 82.8 78.5 74.0 70.5 83.9 Belgium (BE) 105.0 102.0 99.8 98.1 114.1 France (FR) 98.0 98.3 98.0 97.6 115.7 Germany (DE) 69.3 65.1 61.8 59.7 69.8 Greece (EL) 180.8 179.2 186.2 180.5 205.6 Estonia (EE) 9.9 9.1 8.2 8.4 18.2 Ireland (IE) 74.1 67.0 63.0 57.4 59.5 Spain (ES) 99.2 98.6 97.4 95.5 120.0 Italy (IT) 134.8 134.1 134.4 134.6 155.8 Cyprus (CY) 103.1 93.5 99.2 94.0 118.2 Latvia (LV) 40.4 39.0 37.1 37.0 43.5 Lithuania (LT) 39.7 39.1 33.7 35.9 47.3 Luxembourg (LU) 20.1 22.3 21.0 22.0 24.9 Malta (MT) 54.2 48.5 44.8 42.0 54.3 Netherlands (NE) 61.9 56.9 52.4 48.7 54.5 Portugal (PT) 131.5 126.1 121.5 116.8 133.6 Agriculture, livestock, fishing Slovakia (SK) 52.4 51.5 49.6 48.2 60.6 Slovenia (SI) 78.5 74.1 70.3 65.6 80.8 Finland (FI) 63.2 61.2 59.7 59.5 69.2

Non-euro area Bulgaria (BG) 29.3 25.3 22.3 20.2 25.0 Denmark (DK) 37.2 35.9 34.0 33.3 42.2 Croatia (HR) 80.8 77.6 74.3 72.8 88.7 Hungary (HU) 74.9 72.2 69.1 65.5 80.4 Poland (PL) 54.2 50.6 48.8 45.6 57.5 Romania (RO) 37.3 35.1 34.7 35.3 47.3 Sweden (SE) 42.3 40.7 38.9 35.0 39.9 Czechia (CZ) 36.6 34.2 32.1 30.3 38.1

Source: Eurostat.

Euro area countries: General Government gross debt as percentage of GDP, 2020

225.0

180.0

135.0

90.0

45.0

0.0 EL IT PT ES CY FR BE AT SI DE FI SK IE NE MT LT LV LU EE

58 Agriculture, livestock, fishing 4

1. Holdings and utili sed agricultural area, 2016 2016 Farm Structure Survey Area: thousand stremmas (1)

Holdings Utili sed Region With utili sed agricul tural Total agricultural area area

Greece, total 684,902 678,702 31,526

Anatoliki Makedonia, Thraki 51,628 50,683 3,634 Kentriki Makedonia 96,482 95,187 6,289 Dytiki Makedonia 23,089 22,736 2,147 Thessalia 60,323 59,208 3,756 Ipeiros 29,462 28,764 726 Ionia Nisia 27,707 27,700 650 Dytiki Ellada 80,502 80,196 2,480 Sterea Ellada 65,859 65,094 2,734 Peloponnisos 88,410 88,221 2,826 Attiki 26,147 25,933 480 Voreio Aigaio 27,971 27,906 1,363 Notio Aigaio 20,283 20,114 801 Kriti 87,040 86,961 3,641

(1) 1 stremma = 0.1ha.

61 4 Agriculture, livestock, fishing Agriculture, livestock, fishing 4

2. Distribution of the utilised agricultural area of the holdings, by basic categories of land use and by region, 2016 2016 Farm Structure Survey Area : thousand stremmas (1) Vines (grapes and Annual crops (2) Areas under trees Other areas (3) Region raisins) Holdings Area Holdings Area Holdings Area Holdings Area

Greece, total 266,209 16,353 97,792 736 497,745 8,497 237,199 5,939

Anatoliki Makedonia, Thraki 40,478 3,062 4,092 40 15,283 175 24,392 357 Kentriki Makedonia 64,355 4,979 6,329 55 49,773 978 27,302 277 Dytiki Makedonia 19,522 1,721 4,304 21 4,679 72 12,844 333 Thessalia 40,182 2,883 5,317 37 24,510 466 24,303 369 Ipeiros 10,587 256 1,793 4 19,123 248 14,648 217 Ionia Nisia 5,035 59 6,216 25 26,710 304 10,736 262 Dytiki Ellada 26,163 1,020 9,934 118 67,874 936 33,214 406 Sterea Ellada 23,356 1,472 6,757 45 53,736 782 19,103 436 Peloponnisos 9,950 274 12,963 168 84,262 2,064 18,398 320 Attiki 2,484 82 5,310 54 24,350 300 2,310 43 Voreio Aigaio 5,395 161 4,669 20 25,542 546 10,567 636 Notio Aigaio 6,737 184 4,655 25 17,133 142 7,721 449 Kriti 11,966 199 25,454 123 84,770 1,484 31,662 1,835

(1) 1 stremma = 0.1ha. (2) Fallow land is not included. (3) Included: family vegetable gardens, permanent meadows and pastures, rocky land, nurseries, other perrenial cultivations and fallow land.

Percentage distribution of the utilised agricultural area of the holdings, by basic categories of land use Vines 2.3 Other areas 18.8

Annual crops 51.9

Areas under trees 27.0

62 63 4 Agriculture, livestock, fishing Agriculture, livestock, fishing 4

3. Holdings with irrigable and irrigated area, by region, 2016 2016 Farm Structure Survey Area : thousand stremmas (1) Holdings Holdings with irrigable area Holdings with Utilised Region utilised Total utilised agricultural Holdings Irrigable Irrigated Total agricultural agricultural area (2) area (2) area (2)

Greece, total 684,902 676,187 28,203 432,472 21,262 13,523 10,749

Anatoliki Makedonia, Thraki 51,628 50,656 3,605 41,014 3,124 1,961 1,538 Kentriki Makedonia 96,482 95,005 6,278 71,839 4,869 3,427 2,886 Dytiki Makedonia 23,089 22,676 2,012 14,602 1,416 674 473 Thessalia 60,323 59,125 3,687 46,467 3,160 2,427 1,800 Ipeiros 29,462 28,462 676 20,124 496 323 278 Ionia Nisia 27,707 27,605 477 11,642 222 27 18 Dytiki Ellada 80,502 79,900 2,377 52,230 1,803 1,219 872 Sterea Ellada 65,859 64,802 2,580 33,183 1,878 1,258 990 Peloponnisos 88,410 88,103 2,727 47,569 1,746 987 903 Attiki 26,147 25,898 474 9,697 214 114 97 Voreio Aigaio 27,971 27,532 834 12,308 449 92 73 Notio Aigaio 20,283 19,903 461 9,642 282 83 50 Kriti 87,040 86,520 2,014 62,154 1,604 932 771

(1) 1 stremma = 0.1ha. (2) Rough grazing land is not included.

Total holdings and holdings with irrigable area

105,000

90,000

75,000

60,000

45,000

30,000

15,000

0 , i i i s s a a a a a a o o t a k k i i i i i i i i i o o l d d s a r a a t n n r s i a n i r a a i t K l l o o g g s l l N e o i i h n A

s d d E E T p d A A n a

e I

e e i i e a o h k k k o o n k i i i e T p a a t t r o a e I o y r e o l M M t M

o

i i e D N i S k k V P k i i i r t l t y o n t D e a K n A Total holdings Holdings with irrigable area

64 65 4 Agriculture, livestock, fishing Agriculture, livestock, fishing 4

4. L ivestock holdings and number of animals, by region, 2016 2016 F arm Structure Survey Bovine Sheep Goats Pigs

Region Number of Number of Number of Number of Holdings Holdings Holdings Holdings animals animals animals animals

Greece, total 14,699 615,123 86,030 8,227,631 64,049 3,541,675 17,829 769,127

Anatoliki Makedonia, Thraki 2,946 92,762 3,897 539,302 2,627 360,338 934 70,812 Kentriki Makedonia 2,642 168,859 4,798 741,831 3,482 442,724 952 84,527 Dytiki Makedonia 1,099 37,019 2,645 366,202 1,949 160,611 795 12,832 Thessalia 1,564 120,157 8,251 1,134,925 4,201 330,391 1,332 123,474 Ipeiros 1,103 61,211 8,499 559,771 4,261 149,790 327 125,545 Ionia Nisia 274 3,572 1,761 103,703 2,118 111,303 349 1,498 Dytiki Ellada 1,591 62,947 17,855 1,444,118 12,122 476,681 5,695 139,980 Sterea Ellada 573 25,549 7,877 496,464 6,428 284,988 890 94,276 Peloponnisos 920 17,988 7,281 407,552 6,265 375,250 952 59,166 Attiki 53 2,284 801 69,843 611 22,538 159 3,361 Voreio Aigaio 551 6,279 4,670 453,592 3,606 114,332 1,798 5,579 Notio Aigaio 1,183 14,832 3,498 168,800 4,125 203,216 1,675 8,414 Kriti 200 1,663 14,196 1,741,529 12,254 509,514 1,971 39,664

5. Persons employed in agricultural holdings, by category, and days of work of seasonal workers, 2016 2016 Farm Structure Survey

Owners and household Managers of Seasonal workers members in holdings Permanent Region holdings owned by owned by natural workers legal entities persons Total Days of work

Greece, total 652 1,168,324 33,826 891,798 13,430,657

Anatoliki Makedonia, Thraki 49 92,257 2,526 63,292 830,116 Kentriki Makedonia 164 160,036 7,728 150,720 2,857,865 Dytiki Makedonia 42 41,149 1,385 18,391 318,371 Thessalia 72 103,233 3,165 66,245 1,534,724 Ipeiros 53 47,665 1,076 23,418 312,043 Ionia Nisia 10 42,651 249 14,476 233,944 Dytiki Ellada 27 133,844 3,483 142,370 1,631,088 Sterea Ellada 54 110,924 2,800 84,001 975,090 Peloponnisos 44 146,870 3,188 168,832 2,733,878 Attiki 66 47,213 2,502 27,229 304,230 Voreio Aigaio 18 45,161 800 14,095 251,312 Notio Aigaio 17 35,010 547 8,972 118,857 Kriti 36 162,311 4,377 109,757 1,329,140

66 67 4 Agriculture, livestock, fishing Agriculture, livestock, fishing 4

6. Agricultural areas and production, 1991, 8. Sea fishery, 2015 - 201 9(1)(2) 2001 and 2016 - 2019 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 1991 2001 2016 2017 2018 2019 Motor propelled 1. Areas under fishing ves sels 6,049 14 ,975 14 ,775 14 ,030 13,877 crops (thous. Quantity of catch (1) stremmas ) (thous. ton ne s) 64 74 77 77 82 Value ( thous . euro ) 204 ,956.0 255 ,715.2 249 ,213.4 256 ,507.9 273,420.8 Crops on arable land 23,344 22,190 17,240 17,201 17,196 16,989 (1) The data regarding overseas fishery are not included on account of confi - Vegetables 1,236 1,163 634 633 619 596 dentiality. Vines (grapes and (2) Until reference year 2015, the sample of the survey included only the raisins) 1,517 1,321 911 904 892 870 motor-propelled professional fishing vessels with more than 20 HP. From reference year 2016 onwards, the survey covers on a sample basis all the Areas under trees 9,234 9,982 10,225 9,923 9,959 10,012 motor-propelled professional fishing vessels, irrespective of their horse - power. 2. Production of selected agri - cultural prod - ucts (thous. ton ne s) 9. Quantity of catch by taxonomic groups, 2015 - 201 9(1)(2) Wheat 3,162 2,196 1,561 1,357 1,261 1,127 Cotton 594 1,355 739 809 860 901 Metric tonnes Tobacco 173 142 38 33 31 28 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Must 466 421 302 298 300 280 Olive oil 198 435 328 312 328 290 Total 63,512 74,373 77,114 76,506 81,920 Oranges 805 1,112 806 727 745 740 Lemons 177 179 65 76 78 79 Fish 52,553 59,436 62,347 62,065 67,108 Cephalopods 4,885 7,114 6,933 6,692 7,303 (1) 1 stremma = 0.1ha. Crustaceans 5,678 6,981 7,135 6,920 6,306 Shellfish 396 841 699 829 1,202

(1) The data regarding overseas fishery are not included on account of confi - dentiality. (2) Until reference year 2015, the sample of the survey included only the 7. Animal capital and production, 1991, motor-propelled professional fishing vessels with more than 20 HP. From reference year 2016 onwards, the survey covers on a sample basis all the 2001 and 2016 - 2019 motor-propelled professional fishing vessels, irrespective of their horse - power. 1991 2001 2016 2017 2018 2019

1. Animal capital (thous. heads)

Bovine 602 621 613 615 735 738 10. Aquaculture, 2015 - 2019 Pigs 986 934 698 717 720 706 Sheep 8,692 9,124 8,680 8,828 8,909 8,918 2015 2016 2017 2018 (1) 2019 Goats 5,336 5,662 3,976 3,998 3,942 3,945 Beehives (thou - Production (thous. sands) 1,196 1,294 1,580 1,647 1,674 1,725 ton ne s) 108 124 129 132 129 Value (thous. euro) 477,503.9 527,963.1 545,977.1 536,182.7 508,259.1 2. Animal pro - duction (thous. (1) Revised data. ton ne s)

Meat 501 462 458 443 439 431 Milk 1,805 2,032 1,910 1,921 1,920 1,962 Cheese, hard 38 36 35 34 33 31 Cheese, soft 117 126 96 99 102 102 Honey 14 15 21 22 22 23

68 69 4 Agriculture, livestock, fishing Agriculture, livestock, fishing 4

11. EU: Livestock production - production of meat (1) , 2018 - 2020 Thousand tonnes

Bovine Sheep and goats Pigs Poultry Countries 2018 2019 2020 2018 2019 2020 2018 2019 2020 2018 2019 2020

Euro area Austria (AT) 233.46 229.61 218.36 (2) 7.33 (2) 7.86 (2) 7.21 509.52 502.03 503.17 … … … Belgium (BE) 277.31 263.75 254.51 3.09 3.01 2.85 1,073.12 1,038.92 1,098.72 469.59 447.79 448.98 France (FR) *1,460.00 *1,428.46 *1,434.59 *87.59 *87.20 *86.4 *2 ,181.53 *2 ,200.35 *2 ,201.11 *1 ,732.00 *1 ,698.00 *1 ,676.00 Germany (DE) 1,102.00 1,106.00 1,090.00 24.00 24.00 26.00 5,343.00 5,227.00 5,112.00 1,572.00 1,584.00 1,613.00 Greece (EL) 39.63 33.46 34.73 70.10 72.33 66.68 81.83 81.03 76.04 219.91 229.95 239.14 Estonia (EE) 8.56 8.57 8.89 0.18 0.18 0.19 43.40 45.25 45.03 … … … Ireland (IE) 622.54 619.80 633.38 68.41 66.04 66.23 303.27 304.37 320.13 156.78 167.06 176.78 Spain (ES) 669.01 *695.17 *677.10 130.62 *131.76 *124.45 4,530.48 *4 ,641.16 *5 ,023.54 1,636.82 *1,705.19 *1 ,717.88 Italy (IT) 809.22 779.82 732.28 35.58 32.64 29.80 1,470.67 1,447.63 1,270.87 1,284.95 1,365.86 1,389.48 Cyprus (CY) 5.28 5.61 4.64 5.58 5.38 4.61 41.80 43.35 42.43 25.42 26.85 26.68 Latvia (LV) 15.87 14.78 14.52 0.48 0.51 0.56 36.54 38.45 35.11 33.20 34.89 35.17 Lithuania (LT) 40.28 42.46 41.73 … … 0.19 63.54 70.52 75.78 108.69 100.61 98.81 Luxembourg (LU) 9.87 10.17 10.25 0.05 0.05 0.05 12.73 12.81 12.34 — — — Malta (MT) 1.07 1.03 1.14 0.14 0.18 0.18 4.43 4.41 4.56 3.82 3.99 4.15 Netherlands (NE) *459.21 *424.30 432.84 *14.09 *15.53 18.54 *1 ,535.92 *1 ,628.29 1,661.65 … … … Portugal (PT) 93.79 92.03 97.78 10.21 10.77 9.58 361.53 365.96 357.82 345.54 351.82 355.80 Slovakia (SK) 8.11 8.27 7.93 … … … 57.41 62.80 61.01 74.53 71.50 73.00 Slovenia (SI) 34.87 35.74 36.50 0.17 0.17 0.13 22.31 23.71 22.77 69.17 70.01 72.94 Finland (FI) 86.48 87.18 86.53 1.43 1.41 1.37 167.36 168.90 175.02 135.28 139.09 145.32

Non-euro area Bulgaria (BG) 7.22 5.48 6.24 … … … 80.04 78.23 63.54 114.88 114.09 112.79 Denmark (DK) 129.20 124.60 121.20 1.60 1.60 1.30 1,581.30 1,498.60 1,595.40 147.70 158.80 166.50 Croatia (HR) 43.78 45.43 43.37 … … … 74.80 78.40 81.30 66.20 66.89 68.92 Hungary (HU) 29.15 29.73 28.07 0.80 … … 435.79 434.89 448.09 525.23 533.03 513.78 Poland (PL) 564.72 560.45 559.38 … 1.15 … 2,082.44 1,978.84 1,974.49 2,545.14 2,593.45 2,696.01 Romania (RO) *49.92 *43.54 *32.19 *12.45 *12.32 *7.23 *365.09 *342.52 *331.37 *452.50 *482.28 *462.42 Sweden (SE) 136.87 139.67 141.00 5.62 5.10 4.87 248.89 240.29 246.54 156.50 163.67 177.62 Czechia (CZ) 71.58 72.89 72.52 — — — 210.91 209.60 211.44 164.26 168.05 170.73

Source: Eurostat. * = Provisional data. … = No data available. — = Magnitude nil or less than half of the final digit shown . (1) The data refer to the total carcass weight of bovine animals and pigs slaugh - tered in slaughterhouses or on the farm, of sheep (including lambs) and goats slaughtered in slaughterhouses or elsewhere, as well as the total car - cass weight of poultry slaughtered, whose meat is declared fit for human consumption. (2) Estimates.

70 71 Manufacturing Manufacturing 5

1. Structural data on the enterprises of the manufacturing sector, 2016 - 2018 Amounts: million euro 2016 2017 2018

Number of enterprises 61,862 57,373 57,171 Number of persons employed 311,369 320,513 357,418 Number of employes 254,053 261,362 302,137 Wages and salaries 4,643 4,831 4,993 Production value 41,342 48,348 54,658 Total purchases of goods and serv - ices 37,998 45,448 51,291 Value added at production factor costs 10,426 11,521 11,654 Gross investments in tangible goods 1,296 1,558 1,492 Turnover 46,793 54,120 60,022 Personnel costs 5,796 6,034 6,262

Number of enterprises and persons employed

380,000

325,000

270,000

215,000

160,000

105,000

50,000 2016 2017 2018

Νumber of enterprises Number of persons employed

Total purchases of goods and services , value added at production factor costs and turnover 65,000

55,000

45,000

35,000

25,000

15,000

5,000 2016 2017 2018

Total purchases Value added of goods and at production Turnover services factor costs 75 5 Manufacturing Manufacturing 5

2. Industrial Production Index, 2018 - 2020 3. Mining : Number of enterprises, remunerated employment 2015 = 100.0 and gross production value, 2013 Amounts: thousand euro 2018 2019 2020* Number Annual Number Gross pro - of remune - labour Overall index 108.3 107.6 105.3 of enter - duction rated em - remunera - Mining and quarrying 103.6 96.8 92.7 prises value (1) Manufacturing 109.1 110.2 108.4 ployees tion Food 102.4 104.3 101.7 Total (2) 369 5,337 116,679 657,094 Beverages 99.0 98.3 86.5 Mining of lignte Tobacco products 94.7 97.1 108.2 Extraction of crude petro - Τextiles 105.2 103.4 104.8 leum Wearing apparel 94.0 87.4 59.5 Support activities for petro - 4 442 15,397 119,212 Leather and related products 106.2 103.5 61.3 leum and natural gas ex - Wood and products of wood and cork, traction except furniture 105.4 110.9 97.8 } Mining of other non-ferrous Paper and paper products 104.3 103.7 109.4 ores 4 1,630 28,249 140,092 Printing and reproduction of recorded Quarrying ornamental and products 97.7 102.2 105.3 building stone, limestone, Coke and refined petroleum products 116.2 106.2 99.9 gypsum, chalk and slate 206 1,183 21,403 103,563 Chemicals and chemical products 116.6 124.9 124.6 Operation of gravel and sand Basic pharmaceutical products and pits; mining of clays and pharmaceutical preparations 136.0 161.0 184.4 kaolin 147 1,669 40,722 234,617 Rubber and plastic products 106.0 114.3 114.0 Mining of chemical and Other non-metallic mineral products 117.2 105.3 103.0 fertilizer minerals 8 413 10,909 59,611 Basic metals 128.1 124.4 121.7 Other mining and quarrying Fabricated metal products except ma - } n.e.c. chinery and equipment 117.9 119.3 122.6 Extraction of salt … … … … Computers, electronic and optical pro - Support activities for other ducts 117.5 151.4 151.7 mining and quarrying … … … … Electrical equipment 95.2 103.2 99.5 Machinery and equipment n.e.c. 102.5 104.0 100.8 Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers 87.0 92.0 104.7 … = No data available. Other transport equipment 66.3 58.2 57.2 General remark: Wherever necessary, the data have been rounded up, thus, a Furniture 119.8 119.1 111.9 slight difference may occur between the sum of the figures and their Other manufacturing 103.6 108.4 98.4 total. Repair and installation of machinery (1) Gross production value of each branch includes value of crude products and equipment 86.8 93.6 87.8 not disposed for further processing or concentration, as well as value of Electricity supply 108.0 101.7 97.4 products obtained through a secondary activity of the branch. Water supply 95.4 97.0 97.8 (2) Due to inadequate data available, emery mines are not included.

* = Provisional data.

76 77 5 Manufacturing

4. Ε U: Primary production of energy (1) , 2016 - 2019 1,000 tonnes of oil equivalent Countries 2016 2017 2018 2019

Euro area

Austria (AT) 12,564 .2 12,635 .5 12,024 .2 12,359 .6 Belgium (BE) 15,494 .7 15,248 .3 11,826 .1 15,946 .8 France (FR) 133,398 .3 131,418 .4 137,389 .8 133,920 .2 Germany (DE) 115,865 .8 115,557 .6 113,501 .5 105,426 .2 Greece (EL) 6,771 .6 7,490 .5 7,534 .7 6,367 .2 Estonia (EE) 5,187 .4 5,785 .8 6,604 .6 4,909 .2 Ireland (IE) 4,237 .4 4,880 .0 5,037 .2 4,134 .8 Spain (ES) 34,695 .0 34,274 .1 34,641 .1 34,981 .7 Italy (IT) 33,518 .6 36,666 .7 37,342 .1 36,909 .8 Cyprus (CV) 138 .5 144 .7 196 .7 208 .4 Latvia (LV) 2,447 .1 2,587 .2 2,860 .7 2,826 .9 Lithuania (LT) 1,892 .6 2,077 .8 2,056 .8 2,039 .4 Luxembourg (LU) 163 .0 181 .8 209 .8 232 .4 Malta (MT) 18 .5 30 .5 34 .0 38 .0 Netherlands (NE) 46,297 .6 41,336 .9 36,675 .3 33,116 .2 Portugal (PT) 6,606 .3 5,849 .4 6,504 .5 6,561 .1 Construction Slovakia (SK) 6,234 .1 6,369 .8 5,999 .9 6,940 .0 Slovenia (SI) 3,483 .6 3,551 .0 3,414 .4 3,378 .7 Finland (FI) 17,276 .9 18,239 .5 19,697 .7 19,268 .9

Non-euro area

Bulgaria (BG) 11,272 .8 11,727 .6 11,957 .4 11,693 .0 Denmark (DK) 15,331 .7 15,656 .8 13,879 .7 12,509 .9 Croatia (HR) 4,439 .2 4,224 .7 4,195 .3 3,900 .4 Hungary (HU) 11,279 .7 11,149 .7 10,870 .8 10,785 .7 Poland (PL) 66,601 .2 64,165 .5 61,524 .1 59,345 .2 Romania (RO) 24,738 .4 25,490 .5 25,059 .0 24,529 .9 Sweden (SE) 35,359 .7 36,565 .6 36,598 .6 37,019 .1 Czechia (CZ) 27,032 .6 27,361 .4 27,343 .1 26,598 .0

Source: Eurostat. (1) Any kind of extraction of energy products from natural sources to a usable form is called primary production. Primary production takes place when the natural sources are exploited, for example in coal mines, crude oil fields, hydro power plants or fabrication of biofuels. Transformation of energy from one form to another, like electricity or heat generation in thermal power plants or coke production in coke ovens is not primary production.

78 6 Construction Construction 6

1. Public and private building activity, 2018 - 2020

Number of permits Surface (m 2) Volume (m 3) Region 2018 2019 2020 2018 2019 2020 2018 2019 2020

Greece, total 15,342 17,308 18,928 3,532,675 3,780,976 4,129,281 15,447,892 16,559,886 17,585,843

Anatoliki Makedonia, Thraki 483 909 956 104,266 201,697 206,463 413,983 780,839 828,269 Kentriki Makedonia 2,219 2,565 2,677 572,557 554,070 593,776 2,970,362 2,957,911 2,876,088 Dytiki Makedonia 246 223 253 72,793 63,598 57,331 420,046 363,794 277,388 Thessalia 877 1,038 1,201 226,043 242,462 298,843 1,163,630 1,277,690 1,542,681 Ipeiros 548 587 675 158,490 164,529 180,674 623,305 684,957 804,862 Ionia Nisia 1,013 1,242 1,277 272,843 220,487 277,498 926,322 718,917 949,699 Dytiki Ellada 1,233 1,069 1,249 193,003 190,204 199,123 725,079 793,051 839,836 Sterea Ellada 1,054 918 1,067 233,010 146,930 217,716 1,159,524 773,185 1,288,242 Peloponnisos 1,349 1,327 1,493 246,975 192,219 232,532 974,848 773,030 865,391 Attiki 3,091 3,643 3,969 696,332 965,008 1,122,321 3,440,154 4,337,661 4,715,088 Voreio Aigaio 446 434 418 52,739 58,427 57,895 194,884 217,855 204,367 Notio Aigaio 1,613 1,787 1,901 376,679 385,390 322,588 1,261,812 1,366,978 1,064,910 Kriti 1,170 1,566 1,792 326,945 395,955 362,521 1,173,943 1,514,018 1,329,022

2. Price indices of work categories and construction cost indices for new residential buildings, 2017 - 2021 (Q1) 2015 = 100.0 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 Q1

Price index of work categories 98.1 98.5 98.1 98.0 98.9 Construction cost index 98.5 99.0 99.2 99.3 100.6 Material cost index 98.6 99.5 99.6 99.3 100.5 Labour cost index 98.3 98.2 98.6 99.3 100.7

80 81 6 Construction Construction 6

3. Evolution of the Production Index in Construction, 2016 - 2021 (Q1)(1) 2015 = 100.0

Production Index Production Index Production Index in Construction of Building Construction of Civil Engineering

Year and quarter

Annual change Annual change Annual change Index Index Index % % %

2016: 3rd quarter 124.52 52.1 106.08 20.6 136.35 75.0 4th quarter 138.97 -2.9 98.55 -23.7 164.93 8.5

Annual mean 105.99 6.0 92.61 -7.4 114.59 14.6

2017: 1st quarter 77.74 12.5 69.89 -7.7 82.78 27.6 2nd » 86.13 -5.7 73.22 -18.7 94.42 2.4 3rd » 78.00 -37.4 65.22 -38.5 86.20 -36.8 4th quarter 104.75 -24.6 94.06 -4.6 111.61 -32.3

Annual mean 86.65 -18.2 75.60 -18.4 93.75 -18.2

2018: 1st quarter 60.74 -21.9 55.43 -20.7 64.15 -22.5 2nd » 69.49 -19.3 66.21 -9.6 71.60 -24.2 3rd » 72.44 -7.1 64.99 -0.4 77.23 -10.4 4th quarter 95.56 -8.8 94.78 0.8 96.06 -13.9

Annual mean 74.56 -14.0 70.35 -6.9 77.26 -17.6

2019: 1st quarter 54.08 -11.0 55.42 0.0 53.22 -17.0 2nd » 74.14 6.7 69.73 5.3 76.97 7.5 3rd » 65.25 -9.9 61.76 -5.0 67.49 -12.6 4th quarter 86.84 -9.1 77.11 -18.6 93.09 -3.1

Annual mean 70.08 -6.0 66.01 -6.2 72.69 -5.9

2020*: 1st quarter 50.72 -6.2 55.70 0.5 47.53 -10.7 2nd » 53.45 -27.9 55.52 -20.4 52.12 -32.3 3rd » 63.27 -3.0 57.92 -6.2 66.70 -1.2 4th quarter 85.96 -1.0 79.67 3.3 89.99 -3.3

Annual mean 63.35 -9.6 62.20 -5.8 64.09 -11.8

2021: 1st quarter* 47.89 -5.6 47.30 -15.1 48.27 1.6

* = Provisional data. (1) Adjusted data according to the real number of working days.

82 83 6 Construction

4. Ε U: Annual changes (%) in Production Index in Construction, 2016 - 2020 Countries 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

EU 27 1.8 3.8 2.6 2.3 -4.9

Euro area Austria (AT) 2.3 6.6 7.0 5.7 -4.0 Belgium (BE) 0.9 0.6 1.6 -0.3 -8.2 France (FR) -0.3 2.9 -0.4 0.7 -15.0 Germany (DE) 5.6 3.3 0.4 3.4 2.9 Greece (EL) 6.0 -18.2 -14.0 -6.0 -9.6 Estonia (EE) 4.6 21.5 12.3 5.8 -6.1 Ireland (IE) 9.8 13.1 10.2 5.8 -9.3 Spain (ES) 4.8 -1.4 2.3 -2.5 *-12.5 Italy (IT) -0.1 1.3 1.3 2.6 -8.1 Cyprus (CY) 20.7 27.7 17.3 11.9 -7.5 Latvia (LV) -16.6 18.7 21.8 2.9 2.7 Lithuania (LT) -9.4 9.5 13.5 8.3 -1.9 Luxembourg (LU) 3.3 1.2 4.2 0.9 *-7.9 Malta (MT) *8.8 *17.3 *15.0 *22.4 *10.6 Netherlands (NE) 7.4 8.4 *4.6 *4.7 *-0.3 Trade Portugal (PT) -3.8 1.8 3.5 2.8 -3.3 Slovakia (SK) -10.8 3.6 8.0 -3.3 -11.4 Slovenia (SI) -12.0 20.2 20.0 3.3 -0.7 Finland (FI) (1) 5.5 (1) 5.2 (1) 2.3 (1) -0.2 (1) 0.0

Non-euro area Bulgaria (BG) -16.6 5.2 1.5 3.9 *-5.5 Denmark (DK) 4.3 4.6 3.3 1.9 2.5 Croatia (HR) 3.3 2.0 4.9 8.2 3.8 Hungary (HU) -18.9 29.7 21.2 20.7 -9.2 Poland (PL) -14.1 14.2 19.6 3.7 -4.3 Romania (RO) -4.4 -5.1 *-3.9 *27.1 *16.0 Sweden (SE) 3.3 10.6 6.6 0.7 *-0.8 Czechia (CZ) -5.8 3.5 9.1 2.6 -6.1

Source: Eurostat. * = Provisional data. (1) Estimates.

84 7 Trade Trade 7

1. Evolution of the Turnover Index in Retail Trade, 2019 - 2021 (April) (1 ) 2015 = 100.0

Automo tive Non-food sector Overall Index Overall Index Food sector Year (except automo tive fuel) fuel sector (except automo tive fuel) and Annual Annual Annual Annual Annual month Index rate of Index rate of Index rate of Index rate of Index rate of change (%) change (%) change (%) change (%) change (%)

2019 102.9 1.3 103.2 1.2 102.8 0.9 102.4 1.1 102.0 0.5 2020 98.9 -3.9 102.9 -0.3 108.0 5.1 81.2 -20.7 99.9 -2.1 2020: 8 108.2 -0.9 111.6 2.2 116.1 0.9 92.8 -15.7 110.4 7.9 9 104.1 -4.1 109.1 -0.1 107.2 -1.7 81.9 -22.7 113.9 5.8 10 108.3 4.3 113.7 9.5 109.9 8.0 84.3 -19.6 120.8 16.0 11 94.4 -8.5 100.4 -4.0 104.6 10.6 68.0 -30.4 98.9 -11.7 12 101.8 -12.8 108.6 -8.1 120.0 10.2 71.8 -35.3 100.0 -19.8 2021: 1 93.3 -4.7 97.5 1.1 98.3 4.5 75.1 -29.2 99.1 2.1 2 93.5 -4.0 96.5 -1.6 104.4 1.0 80.1 -16.0 91.3 -0.8 3 96.0 -2.9 99.3 -2.7 112.9 -8.6 81.3 -4.6 88.7 8.4 4* 105.7 38.9 110.5 37.4 117.9 9.5 84.3 48.2 105.5 90.1

* = Provisional data. (1) Reduced data on the basis of a typical month. 2. Evolution of the Volume Index in Retail Trade, 2019 - 2021 (April) (1 ) 2015 = 100.0

Automo tive Non-food sector Overall Index Overall Index Food sector Year (except automo tive fuel) fuel sector (except automo tive fuel) and Annual Annual Annual Annual Annual month Index rate of Index rate of Index rate of Index rate of Index rate of change (%) change (%) change (%) change (%) change (%)

2019 102.9 0.8 104.0 0.6 102.1 0.3 94.9 1.6 107.9 1.2 2020 98.8 -4.0 102.6 -1.3 105.7 3.5 82.3 -13.3 106.1 -1.7 2020: 8 111.0 -0.6 114.5 1.1 114.7 -0.4 95.5 -4.4 124.7 8.2 9 102.9 -4.0 107.4 -1.3 105.0 -3.4 84.6 -13.2 116.7 6.6 10 107.0 4.7 111.8 8.6 107.4 6.4 87.4 -9.6 123.4 16.9 11 94.8 -7.4 100.4 -4.0 102.4 9.6 70.9 -21.5 106.3 -9.2 12 101.3 -11.5 107.8 -7.7 118.4 10.1 74.0 -27.7 103.8 -17.7 2021: 1 95.7 -2.5 99.9 2.3 96.8 5.4 75.8 -21.5 112.4 4.1 2 95.7 -2.8 99.1 -1.0 102.5 1.6 78.1 -11.8 104.4 -0.2 3 96.5 -0.7 100.3 -0.2 110.9 -8.3 75.7 -9.4 96.5 15.8 4* 104.3 39.3 109.5 39.3 116.2 10.8 78.0 27.9 109.1 94.8

* = Provisional data. (1) Reduced data on the basis of a typical month.

3. Evolution of the Index of Employed Persons in Retail Trade, 2019 - 2021 (Q1) 2015 = 100.0

Overall Index (excluding Index of persons Index of persons employed Year Overall Index persons employed in the employed in the food sector in the non-food sector automotive fuel sector) (except automotive fuel) and quarter Annual Annual Annual Annual Index rate of Index rate of Index rate of Index rate of change (%) change (%) change (%) change (%)

2019 104.8 0.8 105.5 1.0 108.3 0.8 102.7 0.9 2020 105.3 0.5 105.8 0.3 111.6 3.0 99.7 -2.9 2020: Q2 105.4 0.3 105.9 0.0 110.9 2.3 100.8 -2.6 Q3 106.5 -0.6 106.9 -0.8 112.2 0.8 101.4 -2.9 Q4 104.1 -0.9 104.5 -0.9 113.3 5.2 95.1 -7.8 2021: Q1 104.3 -0.9 104.4 -1.4 113.9 3.5 94.3 -7.1

86 87 7 Trade Trade 7

4. Arrivals - Imports, Dispatches - Exports, intra EU trade - extra Arrivals - Imports, including oil products (in bil. €) EU trade, including oil products , 2015 - 2020 (1)(2) Billion euro 30.0

2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020* 28.0

Arrivals - Imports 26.0 Total 42 .21 42 .32 47 .36 54 .12 55 .85 48 .76 European Union 21 .85 22 .93 25 .00 27 .09 28 .57 27 .78 24.0 Third countries 20 .36 19 .39 22 .35 27 .03 27 .28 20 .97 22.0 Dispatches - Exports Total 25 .75 25 .45 28 .87 33 .47 33 .87 30 .77 20.0 European Union 12 .93 13 .26 14 .38 16 .48 17 .75 17 .68 Third countries 12 .82 12 .19 14 .49 16 .99 16 .12 13 .09 18.0

(Year-on-year change %) 16.0 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Arrivals - Imports Total -9 .6 0.3 11 .9 14 .3 3.2 -12 .7 European Union European Union -0 .9 4.9 9.1 8.3 5.5 -2 .8 Third countries -17 .4 -4 .7 15 .3 20 .9 0.9 -23 .1 Third countries

Dispatches - Exports Total -4 .9 -1 .2 13 .4 16 .0 1.2 -9 .2 European Union 6.6 2.5 8.5 14 .6 7.7 -0 .4 Third countries -14 .3 -5 .0 18 .9 17 .3 -5 .1 -18 .8

* = Provisional data. General remark: Wherever necessary, the data have been rounded up, thus, a slight difference may occur between the sum of the figures and their total. (1) International Trade in Goods Statistics have been revised for the years 2010 – 2018. The revision of the relevant data series was implemented by virtue of Dispatches - Exports, including oil products (in bil. €) EU Regulations 96/2010 and 113/2010. The revision concerns the products under section '' Machinery and transport equipment '' of the Stand ard In - 21.0 ternational Trade Classification (SITC 7), especially the arrivals-imports and dispatches-exports of ships and aircrafts. (2) From this issue onwards, the data on imports and exports of the bilateral trade with the United Kingdom are included in the relevant data on trade 18.0 with Third Countries, given that the United Kingdom is now a non-EU coun - try. In order to ensure comparability of the relevant statistics over time, the time series have been reproduced with the United Kingdom being included 15.0 in Third Countries.

12.0

9.0 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

European Union Third countries

88 89 7 Trade Trade 7

5. Arrivals - Imports, Dispatches - Exports, by partner country, including oil products , 2010, 2015, 2020 (2) Billion euro 2010 2015 2020*

(1) Countries Percent of Percent of Percent of Value Value Value total total total

Arrivals - Imports Germany 6.03 12.2 4.69 11 .1 6.04 12 .4 Italy 5.21 10.5 3.64 8.6 4.42 9.1 Russia 4.83 9.7 3.40 8.1 2.93 6.0 Netherlands 2.66 5.4 2.42 5.7 3.10 6.4 France 2.59 5.2 1.95 4.6 2.15 4.4 China 2.26 4.6 2.55 6.0 3.74 7.7 Belgium 1.70 3.4 1.44 3.4 1.65 3.4 Spain 1.61 3.2 1.60 3.8 1.70 3.5 United States 1.41 2.8 0.58 1.4 0.98 2.0 South Korea 0.78 1.6 0.39 0.9 0.24 0.5 Other countries 20.58 41.4 19 .54 46 .3 21 .80 44 .7

Dispatches - Exports Germany 1.96 9.3 1.89 7.3 2.40 7.8 Italy 1.95 9.2 2.94 11 .4 3.26 10 .6 Cyprus 1.45 6.9 1.54 6.0 1.98 6.4 Turkey 1.21 5.7 1.71 6.6 1.34 4.3 Bulgaria 1.15 5.4 1.36 5.3 1.54 5.0 United Kingdom 1.02 4.8 1.10 4.3 1.19 3.9 United States 0.98 4.6 1.20 4.6 1.14 3.7 France 0.66 3.1 0.67 2.6 1.79 5.8 Romania 0.64 3.0 0.73 2.8 1.12 3.6 Gibraltar 0.63 3.0 0.40 1.5 0.44 1.4 Other countries 9.50 44.9 12 .23 47 .5 14 .58 47 .4

* = Provisional data. (2) International Trade in Goods Statistics have been revised for the years 2010 – General remark: Wherever necessary, the data have been rounded up, thus, a 2018. The revision of the relevant data series was implemented by virtue of slight difference may occur between the sum of the figures and their total. EU Regulations 96/2010 and 113/2010. The revision concerns the products (1) The countries are ranked in descending order according to the imports and under section '' Machinery and transport equipment '' of the Stand ard exports, respectively, of 2010. International Trade Classification (SITC 7), especially the arrivals-imports and dispatches-exports of ships and aircrafts.

Dispatches - Exports (%), 2020 Arrivals - Imports (%), 2020 South Korea Germany 7.8 0.5 Other countries Other countries USA 44.7 47.4 Italy 10.6 2.0 Spain 3.5 Cyprus 6.4 Belgium 3.4 China Turkey 4.3 7.7 France Bulgaria 5.0 4.4 UK 3.9 Netherlands Germany 6.4 12.4 Gibraltar 1.4 USA 3.7 Russia 6.0 Italy Romania 3.6 France 5.8 9.1 90 91 7 Trade Trade 7

6. Arrivals - Imports by main product categories according to 7. Dispatches - Exports by main product categories according to SITC (1) , 2016 - 2020 2) SITC (1) , 2016 - 2020 (2) Billion euro Billion euro 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020* 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020*

Total 42.32 47.36 54.12 55.85 48.76 Total 25.45 28.87 33.47 33.87 30.77 Primary goods (0 - 4) 17.09 20.07 24.03 23.41 17.40 Primary goods (0 - 4) 13.62 15.93 18.90 18.14 14.67 Food, drinks and tobacco (0 + 1) 6.02 6.30 6.42 6.75 6.17 Food, drinks and tobacco (0 + 1) 5.03 5.08 5.34 5.57 6.10 Raw materials (2 + 4) 1.34 1.55 1.64 1.63 1.51 Raw materials (2 + 4) 1.70 1.87 2.08 1.90 1.83 Energy products (3) 9.73 12.22 15.96 15.03 9.72 Energy products (3) 6.90 8.98 11.48 10.67 6.73 Manufactured goods (5 - 8) 25.18 27.03 30.04 32.17 31.26 Manufactured goods (5 - 8) 11.27 12.40 14.01 15.20 15.63 Chemicals (5) 6.88 7.42 7.98 8.65 9.93 Chemicals (5) 2.74 3.07 3.49 4.11 5.05 Machinery and transport equipment (7) 7.89 8.26 9.70 10.53 9.83 Machinery and transport equipment (7) 2.59 2.58 2.93 3.18 3.26 Other manufactured goods (6 + 8) 10.41 11.34 12.36 12.98 11.50 Other manufactured goods (6 + 8) 5.94 6.75 7.59 7.91 7.32 Products, not elsewhere classified (9) 0.05 0.26 0.05 0.27 0.10 Products, not elsewhere classified (9) 0.55 0.53 0.56 0.54 0.46

(Year-on-year change %) (Year-on-year change %)

Total 0.3 11.9 14.3 3.2 -12.7 Total -1.2 13.4 16.0 1.2 -9.2 Primary goods (0 - 4) -7.0 17.4 19.7 -2.6 -25.7 Primary goods (0 - 4) -1.9 16.9 18.7 -4.1 -19.1 Food, drinks and tobacco (0 + 1) 6.5 4.7 1.9 5.1 -8.6 Food, drinks and tobacco (0 + 1) 9.6 1.0 5.1 4.3 9.5 Raw materials (2 + 4) -3.1 15.5 5.9 -0.5 -7.4 Raw materials (2 + 4) -3.1 9.9 11.5 -8.7 -3.5 Energy products (3) -14.2 25.6 30.7 -5.8 -35.4 Energy products (3) -8.6 30.2 27.9 -7.1 -36.9 Manufactured goods (5 - 8) 6.1 7.4 11.1 7.1 -2.8 Manufactured goods (5 - 8) 0.1 10.0 13.0 8.5 2.9 Chemicals (5) 1.3 7.9 7.5 8.4 14.8 Chemicals (5) 0.3 12.0 13.7 17.6 22.8 Machinery and transport equipment (7) 7.1 4.7 17.4 8.6 -6.7 Machinery and transport equipment (7) 1.4 -0.4 13.5 8.6 2.7 Other manufactured goods (6 + 8) 8.8 9.0 9.0 5.0 -11.4 Other manufactured goods (6 + 8) -0.5 13.6 12.4 4.2 -7.4 Products, not elsewhere classified (9) -54.5 459.1 -79.8 421.4 -62.6 Products, not elsewhere classified (9) -9.1 -2.4 4.2 -3.7 -13.5

* = Provisional data. * = Provisional data. General remark: Wherever necessary, the data have been rounded up, thus, a General remark: Wherever necessary, the data have been rounded up, thus, a slight difference may occur between the sum of the figures and their total. slight difference may occur between the sum of the figures and their total. (1) SITC: Standard International Trade Classification. (1) SITC: Standard International Trade Classification. (2) International Trade in Goods Statistics have been revised for the years 2010 – (2) International Trade in Goods Statistics have been revised for the years 2010 – 2018. The revision of the relevant data series was implemented by virtue of 2018. The revision of the relevant data series was implemented by virtue of EU Regulations 96/2010 and 113/2010. The revision concerns the products EU Regulations 96/2010 and 113/2010. The revision concerns the products under section '' Machinery and transport equipment '' of the Stand ard under section '' Machinery and transport equipment '' of the Stand ard International Trade Classification (SITC 7), especially the arrivals-imports International Trade Classification (SITC 7), especially the arrivals-imports and dispatches-exports of ships and aircrafts. and dispatches-exports of ships and aircrafts.

92 93 7 Trade Trade 7

8. External Trade Balance , 2016 - 2020 (1) Arrivals - Imports (in bil. €) Billion euro 42.0 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020* 40.0 Arrivals - Imports Including the value of ships 42.32 47.36 54.12 55.85 48.76 Excluding the value of ships 42.15 47.23 53.92 55.38 48.52 38.0 Excluding oil products and in - cluding the value of ships 33.02 35.50 38.63 41.35 39.42 36.0

Dispatches - Exports 34.0 Including the value of ships 25.45 28.87 33.47 33.87 30.77 Excluding the value of ships 25.33 28.76 33.34 33.78 30.61 Excluding oil products and in - 32.0 cluding the value of ships 18.64 20.00 22.20 23.31 24.09 30.0 Trade balance, including the 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 value of ships -16.87 -18.49 -20.65 -21.98 -17.99 Trade balance, excluding the Εxcluding oil products and including the value of ships value of ships -16.82 -18.47 -20.58 -21.60 -17.91 Trade balance, excluding oil products and including the value of ships -14.38 -15.50 -16.43 -18.04 -15.33 Dispatches - Exports (in bil. €)

Imports as percentage of GDP 24.3 26.7 30.1 30.4 29.4 25.0 Exports as percentage of GDP 14.6 16.3 18.6 18.5 18.6 24.0 External Trade Balance as per - centage of GDP -9.7 -10.4 -11.5 -12.0 -10.8 23.0

(Year-on-year change %) 22.0

Arrivals - Imports 21.0 Including the value of ships 0.3 11.9 14.3 3.2 -12.7 20.0 Excluding the value of ships 0.7 12.1 14.2 2.7 -12.4 Excluding oil products and in - 19.0 cluding the value of ships 5.3 7.5 8.8 7.1 -4.7 18.0 Dispatches - Exports Including the value of ships -1.2 13.4 16.0 1.2 -9.2 17.0 Excluding the value of ships -1.1 13.6 15.9 1.3 -9.4 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Excluding oil products and in - cluding the value of ships 1.9 7.3 11.0 5.0 3.3 Excluding oil products and including the value of ships

Trade deficit, including the value of ships 2.5 9.6 11.7 6.4 -18.1 Trade balance (in bil. €)

Trade deficit, excluding the -11.0 value of ships 3.5 9.8 11.4 4.9 -17.1

Trade deficit, excluding oil -13.0 products and including the value of ships 10.1 7.8 6.0 9.8 -15.0

-15.0 * = Provisional data. General remark: Wherever necessary, the data have been rounded up, thus, a slight difference may occur between the sum of the figures and their total. (1) International Trade in Goods Statistics have been revised for the years 2010 – -17.0 2018. The revision of the relevant data series was implemented by virtue of EU Regulations 96/2010 and 113/2010. The revision concerns the products under section '' Machinery and transport equipment '' of the Stand ard Inter - national Trade Classification (SITC 7), especially the arrivals-imports and dis - -19.0 patches-exports of ships and aircrafts. 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Excluding oil products and including the value of ships 94 95 7 Trade

9. Ε U: Intra-EU trade: Arrivals and Dispatches, 2018 - 2020 Billion euro

Arrivals Dispatches Countries 2018 2019 2020 2018 2019 2020

EU 27 2,959 3,011 2,784 3,014 3,072 2,844

Euro area Austria (AT) 124 126 116 107 108 101 Belgium (BE) 231 229 212 258 260 237 France (FR) 369 373 337 258 262 229 Germany (DE) 682 695 647 697 698 635 Greece (EL) 27 29 28 16 18 18 Estonia (EE) 12 12 11 9 10 9 Ireland (IE) 35 34 33 54 56 64 Spain (ES) 181 182 162 175 178 164 Italy (IT) 239 242 215 239 245 222 Cyprus (CY) 5 5 4 1 1 1 Latvia (LV) 12 13 12 8 9 9 Lithuania (LT) 20 21 20 16 16 16 Luxembourg (LU) 18 18 16 11 12 10 Transport Malta (MT) 4 4 3 1 2 1 Netherlands (NE) 220 229 217 407 414 388 Portugal (PT) 55 59 51 40 42 38 Slovakia (SK) 62 63 59 64 64 60 Slovenia (SI) 24 24 22 28 29 26 Finland (FI) 45 45 43 35 36 31

Non-euro area Bulgaria (BG) 20 21 19 19 19 18 Denmark (DK) 58 58 59 50 52 49 Croatia (HR ) 18 20 18 10 10 10 Hungary (HU) 74 77 71 82 87 82 Poland (PL) 154 158 151 166 176 175 Romania (RO) 60 63 59 49 50 46 Sweden (SE) 94 93 89 76 75 71 Czechia (CZ) 116 118 109 137 141 134

Source: Eurostat.

96 Transport 8

1. Land transport, 2017 - 2020

2017 2018 2019 2020

Vehicles in circulation 8,262,896 8,236,637 8,402,294 8,530,050 Passenger vehicles 5,235,928 5,282,695 5,406,551 5,492,176 Buses 26,481 26,389 26,479 26,539 Trucks 1,343,830 1,344,062 1,359,341 1,373,727 Motorcycles 1,656,657 1,583,491 1,609,923 1,637,608

Road traffic accidents 10,848 10,737 10,712 *9,092 Persons injured 14,002 13,849 13,690 *11,302 thereof killed 731 700 688 *584

* = Provisional data.

2. Sea transport, 2017 - 2020

2017 2018 2019 2020

Greek merchant fleet: Number of vessels 1,853 1,857 1,871 1,832 Capacity (thous. GRT) 43,985 42,553 42,510 40,426

Passengers (thousands) 35,789 37,192 37,770 20,873 Domestic 34,089 35,384 35,977 20,215 Foreign 1,700 1,808 1,793 658

Goods transport (thous. tonnes) 148,883 157,428 161,617 150,445 Domestic 32,378 33,096 32,850 27,895 Foreign 116,505 124,332 128,767 122,550

3. Domestic and international air traffic, 2015 - 2020

Freight and Flights Passengers (thousands) Year mail of aircrafts Embarked Disembarked (tonnes)

2015 444,249 24,468 24,344 92,616 2016 469,553 26,546 26,447 101,022 2017 484,129 28,860 29,005 98,223 2018 519,548 31,081 31,211 103,169 2019 526,155 32,050 32,119 103,283 2020 243,795 9,880 9,818

Source: Hellenic Civil Aviation Authority.

99 8 Transport Labour market 9

4. Turnover indices in the transport sector, 2017 - 2020 2015 = 100.0 Percentage change

Branches of economic activity 2017 2018 2019 2020

Land transport and transport via pipelines 10.9 -1.2 1.0 -17.8 Water transport -9.6 -0.2 6.3 -25.8 Air transport 10.4 -0.1 6.3 -65.9 Warehousing and support activi - ties for transportation 8.0 9.0 10.2 -14.6 Travel agency, tour operator, reser - vation service and related acti - vi ties 9.1 25.6 3.1 -75.0

5. EU: Transport of goods by road, 2016 - 2019 Thousand tonnes Countries 2016 2017 2018 2019 Labour market EU 27 12,796,811 13,241,840 … 13,527,194

Euro area Austria (AT) 376,399 386,858 393,313 402,083 Belgium (BE) 291,521 300,121 … 283,945 France (FR) 1,727,611 1,714,292 1,619,364 1,634,946 Germany (DE) 3,111,858 3,161,837 3,200,925 3,208,232 Greece (EL) 419,222 388,898 361,947 354,081 Estonia (EE) 34,581 28,969 28,494 28,373 Ireland (IE) 140,743 146,543 148,765 158,396 Spain (ES) 1,285,164 1,409,090 1,474,486 1,542,109 Italy (IT) 901,503 885,451 920,732 978,883 Cyprus (CY) 19,682 25,595 29,308 29,361 Latvia (LV) 63,389 68,013 76,701 73,755 Lithuania (LT) 63,571 76,980 89,105 100,802 Luxembourg (LU) 50,824 47,292 48,846 55,303 Malta (MT) … … … … Netherlands (NE) 656,428 666,069 680,065 689,009 Portugal (PT) 147,792 157,924 156,650 155,866 Slovakia (SK) 156,179 176,750 177,131 187,184 Slovenia (SI) 75,033 86,212 85,406 91,775 Finland (FI) 278,957 280,744 274,346 270,462

Non-euro area Bulgaria (BG) 146,636 151,479 143,199 114,574 Denmark (DK) 184,726 179,062 167,534 167,747 Croatia (HR) 72,516 72,343 74,009 81,125 Hungary (HU) 197,759 188,250 206,669 202,631 Poland (PL) 1,313,657 1,501,811 1,390,184 1,506,450 Romania (RO) 216,107 226,345 237,157 256,641 Sweden (SE) 433,065 455,480 481,319 449,362 Czechia (CZ) 431,889 459,433 479,235 504,099

Source: Eurostat. … = No data available.

100 Labour market 9

1. Population aged 15 years and over by employment status, 2016 - 2020 Thousands 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

Employed 3,673.6 3,752.7 3,828.0 3,911.0 3,875.5 Unemployed 1,130.9 1,027.1 915.0 818.9 755.0 Economically non-active 4,408.3 4,397.2 4,397.1 4,373.6 4,448.5

Employment rate (%) (1) 39.9 40.9 41.9 43.0 42.7 Unemployment rate (%) 23.5 21.5 19.3 17.3 16.3

(1) Employment rate represents persons in employment as a percentage of the total population.

Employment and unemployment rate (%) 60.0

50.0

40.0

30.0

20.0

10.0

0.0 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

Employment rate Unemployment rate

1a. Population aged 15 years and over by employment status, quarterly data, 2020 and 2021 (Q1) Thousands 2020 Q1 2020 Q2 2020 Q3 2020 Q4 2021 Q1

Employed 3,852.6 3,844.0 3,926.8 3,878.5 3,625.1 Unemployed 745.1 768.3 756.4 750.1 745.4 Economically non-active 4,486.1 4,468.2 4,394.1 4,445.6 4,700.3

Employment rate (%) (1) 42.4 42.3 43.3 42.7 40.0 Unemployment rate (%) 16.2 16.7 16.2 16.2 17.1

(1) Employment rate represents persons in employment as a percentage of the total population.

103 9 Labour market Labour market 9

2. Population aged 15 years and over by employment 3. Persons employed aged 15 years and over status and gender, 2016 - 2020 by main sector of the economy and gender, 2016 - 2020 Thousands Thousands 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

Population 9,212.8 9,176.9 9,140.1 9,103.5 9,079.0 Total 3,673.6 3,752.7 3,828.0 3,911.0 3,875.5 Male 4,441.8 4,424.4 4,405.8 4,386.9 4,374.6 Male 2,129.3 2,180.7 2,238.2 2,266.3 2,233.6 Female 4,771.0 4,752.6 4,734.4 4,716.7 4,704.4 Female 1,544.3 1,571.9 1,589.8 1,644.7 1,641.9

Labour force 4,804.5 4,779.7 4,743.0 4,729.9 4,630.5 Primary 454.5 453.4 469.6 453.6 412.0 Male 2,656.8 2,653.5 2,644.7 2,634.8 2,583.5 Male 272.9 272.7 283.0 279.0 252.4 Female 2,147.7 2,126.2 2,098.3 2,095.2 2,047.0 Female 181.6 180.6 186.6 174.6 159.6

Employed 3,673.6 3,752.7 3,828.0 3,911.0 3,875.5 Secondary 560.0 578.2 583.7 599.9 581.4 Male 2,129.3 2,180.7 2,238.2 2,266.3 2,233.6 Male 433.8 449.3 460.3 470.6 454.3 Female 1,544.3 1,571.9 1,589.8 1,644.7 1,641.9 Female 126.2 128.9 123.4 129.3 127.1

Unemployed 1,130.9 1,027.0 915.0 818.9 755.0 Tertiary 2,659.0 2,721.1 2,774.7 2,857.5 2,882.0 Male 527.5 472.8 406.5 368.4 349.9 Male 1,422.6 1,458.7 1,494.9 1,516.7 1,526.8 Female 603.4 554.3 508.5 450.5 405.1 Female 1,236.4 1,262.4 1,279.8 1,340.8 1,355.2

Population aged 15 years and over by employment status Persons employed aged 15 years and over 5,000 by main sector of the economy 3,000 4,000 2,500 3,000 2,000

2,000 1,500

1,000 1,000

500 0 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 0 Labour force 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Employed Primary Unemployed Secondary Tertiary

104 105 9 Labour market Labour market 9

4. Persons employed aged 15 years and over by occupational 5. Population aged 15 years and over by age group and status, 2016 - 2020 employment status, 2020 Thousands Thousands 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2020 Age Total 3,673.6 3,752.7 3,828.0 3,911.0 3,875.5 Unemploy - group ment Economically Em ployed Unemployed non-active Em ployers 271.7 274.4 291.6 289.3 300.1 % Own-account workers 836.9 856.8 850.0 834.8 818.0 Sa laried employees 2,421.2 2,474.1 2,546.3 2,663.5 2,640.9 Total 3,875.5 755.0 16.3 4,448.5 Non-paid house hold 15 - 29 473.1 200.5 29.8 932.2 members 143.7 147.4 140.1 123.4 116.6 30 - 44 1,529.1 288.7 15.9 292.8 45 - 64 1,778.1 256.8 12.6 967.9 65 + 95.2 9.0 8.6 2,255.5 Percentage distribution of persons employed by occupational status , 2020

Salaried employees 5a. Population aged 15 years and over by age group and 68.1 employment status, quarterly data, 2021 (Q1) Thousands 2021 Q1

Age Unemploy - group Em ployed Unemployed ment Economically non-active %

Non-paid household Total 3,625.1 745.4 17.1 4,700.3 members 15 - 29 411.6 224.8 35.3 982.9 3.0 30 - 44 1,379.3 273.0 16.5 412.7 Employers 45 - 64 1,733.9 237.5 12.0 1,037.9 7.7 65 + 100.2 10.1 9.2 2,266.9 Own-account workers 21.1

106 107 9 Labour market Labour market 9

6. Evolution of the percentage of the unemployed for total 7. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, population, male - female and for persons 2016 - 2020 aged 15 - 29 years, 2010 - 2020 (1) Thousands Persons aged Duration of Year Total Male Female 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 15 - 29 years unemployment

2010 12.7 10.0 16.3 24.4 Total of unemployed 1,131.0 1,027.1 915.0 818.9 755.0 2011 17.9 15.1 21.5 34.8 2012 24.4 21.5 28.2 43.7 Search for employment is 2013 27.5 24.5 31.3 48.7 about to start 5.5 5.5 7.7 4.1 6.8 Less than a month 26.8 24.7 28.9 22.6 17.8 2014 26.5 23.6 30.2 45.0 1 - 2 months 68.8 59.6 57.7 48.2 49.8 2015 24.9 21.7 28.9 41.3 3 - 5 months 90.1 80.5 77.1 59.7 67.1 2016 23.5 19.9 28.1 38.4 6 - 11 months 125.9 109.5 99.9 109.9 111.4 2017 21.5 17.8 26.1 35.6 12 months and over (long- 2018 19.3 15.4 24.2 32.3 term unemployed) 813.9 747.2 643.7 574.4 502.1 2019 17.3 14.0 21.5 28.9 "New" unemployed 238.2 204.1 185.0 161.6 139.5 2020 16.3 13.5 19.8 29.8 Percent of long-term unem - ployed 72.0 72.7 70.3 70.3 66.5 (1) Data refer to the annual average. Percent of "new" unem - ployed 21.1 19.9 20.2 19.8 18.5 Evolution of the percentage of the unemployed for total population, male - female and for persons aged 15 - 29 years

60.0 Total Males 45.0 Females Persons aged 15 - 29 years 7a. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, quarterly data, 2020 and 2021 (Q1) 30.0 Thousands Duration of 2020 Q1 2020 Q2 2020 Q3 2020 Q4 2021 Q1 unemployment 15.0 Total of unemployed 745.1 768.3 756.4 750.1 745.4

0.0 Search for employment is (1) 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 about to start 4.6 3.2 9.4 10.0 Less than a month 14.7 12.6 19.8 24.2 21.4 1 - 2 months 41.4 40.7 62.2 54.8 44.3 3 - 5 months 90.7 64.9 56.7 56.1 135.8 6 - 11 months 68.4 138.1 131.9 107.1 104.1 6a. Evolution of the percentage of the unemployed for total 12 months and over (long- population, male - female and for persons term unemployed) 525.3 509.0 476.0 497.9 435.0 aged 15 - 29 years, quarterly data, 2019 - 2021 (Q1) Did not respond 4.9 "New" unemployed 142.9 135.0 141.0 139.6 147.6 Persons aged Year Total Male Female Percent of long-term unem - 15 - 29 years ployed 70.5 66.2 63.0 66.4 58.4 Percent of "new" unem - 2019: Q1 19.2 15.4 24.0 32.4 ployed 19.2 17.5 18.6 18.6 19.8 Q2 16.9 13.7 20.9 27.6 Q3 16.4 13.0 20.5 26.7 (1) From 2021 onwards, this category is abolished. Q4 16.8 13.8 20.5 29.1 2020: Q1 16.2 13.7 19.3 28.8 Q2 16.7 14.1 19.9 29.7 Q3 16.2 13.1 20.0 29.2 Q4 16.2 13.3 19.9 31.5 2021: Q1 17.1 13.7 21.3 35.3

108 109 9 Labour market Labour market 9

Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment Percentage distribution of unemployed persons (in thousands) by educational attainment level 1,000.0 100.0

800.0 80.0

600.0 60.0

400.0 40.0

200.0 20.0

0.0 0.0 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

Tertiary Unemployed less than a month Secondary Unemployed 1 - 2 months Primary/did Unemployed 3 - 5 months not go to school Unemployed 6 - 11 months Unemployed 12 months and over

8. Unemployed persons by age group, gender and educational attainment level, 2016 - 2020 Thousands

Educa - Total up to 19 years 20 - 24 years 25 - 29 years 30 - 44 years 45 - 64 years 65 + tional attain - Years ment Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female level

Tertiary 2016 151.2 265.9 0.4 0.2 13.2 26.4 34.4 59.2 63.8 133.8 38.2 45.8 1.2 0.5 2017 145.6 248.4 0.1 0.4 12.6 27.0 32.2 58.3 64.4 117.1 35.3 45.2 1.1 0.3 2018 125.6 231.4 0.0 0.4 10.6 22.3 30.8 51.2 55.7 109.9 27.4 47.3 1.0 0.4 2019 109.9 201.9 0.0 0.0 9.1 20.6 28.4 40.6 44.6 96.4 26.7 43.3 1.0 0.6 2020 123.0 180.4 10.7 20.7 33.5 43.3 48.4 81.7 29.0 33.1 1.4 1.3 0.0 0.2

Secon- 2016 296.4 274.7 7.9 6.8 36.7 26.2 43.7 27.4 106.6 117.0 99.7 95.7 1.9 1.5 dary 2017 258.6 248.8 6.7 7.9 30.6 22.2 30.4 22.1 100.6 104.1 88.7 91.3 1.6 1.3 2018 218.5 224.3 6.3 5.2 27.4 18.5 26.5 21.2 77.4 94.8 78.5 83.7 2.4 0.9 2019 200.7 198.6 5.0 3.2 22.9 13.4 26.5 20.6 70.0 81.1 73.0 79.4 3.3 1.0 2020 185.2 187.0 21.0 13.8 26.9 17.2 59.1 74.6 70.9 77.3 3.4 0.3 3.8 3.8

Primary/ 2016 79.8 62.9 0.5 0.8 3.2 1.5 3.5 4.0 21.7 18.3 47.7 37.3 3.2 0.9 did not 2017 68.5 57.0 0.7 1.8 3.0 1.6 3.4 2.3 17.9 15.8 40.5 33.6 3.0 1.9 go to 2018 62.5 52.8 0.6 1.4 2.6 1.6 2.9 1.9 15.3 14.3 38.3 31.8 2.7 1.7 school 2019 57.9 50.0 0.7 1.0 3.8 2.1 4.0 2.3 16.2 16.9 31.1 26.0 1.8 1.6 2020 41.7 37.7 1.5 0.9 1.8 0.5 13.5 11.4 23.1 23.2 1.1 1.6 0.7 0.1

110 111 9 Labour market Labour market 9

9. Labour force and unemployment rate (%), by region, 9. Labour force and unemployment rate (%), by region, 2016 - 2020 2016 - 2020 (continued ) Thousands Thousands Employment status Employment status 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 by region by region

Greece, total Dytiki Ellada Labour force 4,804.5 4,779.7 4,743.0 4,729.9 4,630.5 Labour force 292.8 294.2 287.3 282.9 276.3 Employed 3,673.6 3,752.7 3,828.0 3,911.0 3,875.5 Employed 205.4 216.8 218.2 214.7 216.6 Unemployed 1,130.9 1,027.0 915.0 818.9 755.0 Unemployed 87.4 77.3 69.2 68.2 59.7 Unemployment rate (%) 23.5 21.5 19.3 17.3 16.3 Unemployment rate (%) 29.8 26.3 24.1 24.1 21.6

Anatoliki Makedonia , Thraki Sterea Ellada Labour force 259.9 255.6 253.8 256.0 245.9 Labour force 237.8 237.4 235.8 234.5 233.9 Employed 200.7 205.8 213.4 214.6 203.6 Employed 178.4 188.0 191.3 194.2 188.9 Unemployed 59.2 49.8 40.4 41.3 42.3 Unemployed 59.4 49.5 44.6 40.4 45.0 Unemployment rate (%) 22.8 19.5 15.9 16.2 17.2 Unemployment rate (%) 25.0 20.8 18.9 17.2 19.3

Kentriki Makedonia Attiki Labour force 819.5 812.0 809.8 799.7 783.2 Labour force 1,766.0 1,742.1 1,720.7 1,736.4 1,712.1 Employed 618.8 626.0 642.1 642.7 638.8 Employed 1,360.3 1,366.0 1,378.5 1,442.4 1,471.7 Unemployed 200.7 186.0 167.8 157.0 144.4 Unemployed 405.8 376.1 342.2 294.0 240.4 Unemployment rate (%) 24.5 22.9 20.7 19.6 18.4 Unemployment rate (%) 23.0 21.6 19.9 16.9 14.0

Dytiki Makedonia Peloponnisos Labour force 118.0 119.2 118.2 115.4 108.5 Labour force 243.0 246.5 243.1 240.2 241.3 Employed 81.1 84.5 86.2 87.1 87.1 Employed 196.3 205.0 208.2 211.4 213.9 Unemployed 36.9 34.7 31.9 28.3 21.3 Unemployed 46.7 41.5 34.9 28.8 27.4 Unemployment rate (%) 31.3 29.1 27.0 24.5 19.7 Unemployment rate (%) 19.2 16.8 14.4 12.0 11.3

Ipeiros Voreio Aigaio Labour force 140.8 139.1 136.4 134.8 132.4 Labour force 82.5 89.5 91.3 90.8 87.2 Employed 106.5 104.6 108.9 112.7 108.8 Employed 67.4 69.4 70.9 74.8 72.8 Unemployed 34.3 34.5 27.4 22.1 23.6 Unemployed 15.1 20.1 20.3 16.0 14.4 Unemployment rate (%) 24.3 24.8 20.1 16.4 17.8 Unemployment rate (%) 18.3 22.5 22.3 17.6 16.5

Thessalia Notio Aigaio Labour force 312.1 315.9 309.9 310.8 303.0 Labour force 157.2 152.1 158.3 154.0 141.2 Employed 232.7 250.9 253.3 253.2 252.1 Employed 129.8 127.7 131.6 133.0 117.6 Unemployed 79.5 65.0 56.7 57.5 50.9 Unemployed 27.4 24.4 26.7 21.1 23.5 Unemployment rate (%) 25.5 20.6 18.3 18.5 16.8 Unemployment rate (%) 17.4 16.0 16.9 13.7 16.7

Ionia Nisia Kriti Labour force 90.2 91.0 93.1 88.0 85.7 Labour force 284.8 285.2 285.4 286.3 279.9 Employed 75.8 73.2 78.3 77.2 72.1 Employed 220.5 234.8 247.3 253.0 231.5 Unemployed 14.4 17.9 14.8 10.9 13.6 Unemployed 64.3 50.4 38.1 33.4 48.4 Unemployment rate (%) 16.0 19.6 15.9 12.3 15.9 Unemployment rate (%) 22.6 17.7 13.4 11.7 17.3

112 113 9 Labour market

10. EU: Unemployment rate (%) (1) , 2016 - 2020

Countries 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

EU 27 9.1 8.2 7.3 6.7 7.1

Euro area Austria (AT) 6.0 5.5 4.9 4.5 5.4 Belgium (BE) 7.8 (2) 7.1 6.0 5.4 5.6 France (FR) 10.1 9.4 9.0 8.4 8.0 Germany (DE) 4.1 3.8 3.4 3.1 *(2) 3.8 Greece (EL) 23.6 21.5 19.3 17.3 16.3 Estonia (EE) 6.8 5.8 5.4 4.4 6.8 Ireland (IE) 8.4 (2) 6.7 5.8 5.0 5.7 Spain (ES) 19.6 17.2 15.3 14.1 15.5 Italy (IT) 11.7 11.2 10.6 10.0 9.2 Cyprus (CY) 13.0 11.1 8.4 7.1 7.6 Latvia (LV) 9.6 8.7 7.4 6.3 8.1 Lithuania (LT) 7.9 7.1 6.2 6.3 8.5 Luxembourg (LU) 6.3 5.5 5.6 5.6 6.8 Malta (MT) 4.7 4.0 3.7 3.6 4.3 Netherlands (NE) 6.0 4.9 3.8 3.4 3.8 Household consumption and Portugal (PT) 11.2 9.0 7.1 6.5 6.9 Slovakia (SK) 9.7 8.1 6.5 5.8 6.7 housing amenities Slovenia (SI) 8.0 6.6 5.1 4.5 5.0 Finland (FI) 8.8 8.6 7.4 6.7 7.8

Non-euro area Bulgaria (BG) 7.6 6.2 5.2 4.2 5.1 Denmark (DK) (2) 6.0 (2) 5.8 5.1 5.0 5.6 Croatia (HR) 13.1 11.2 8.5 6.6 7.5 Hungary (HU) 5.1 4.2 3.7 3.4 4.3 Poland (PL) 6.2 4.9 3.9 3.3 3.2 Romania (RO) 5.9 4.9 4.2 3.9 5.0 Sweden (SE) 7.0 6.7 (2) 6.4 6.8 8.3 Czechia (CZ) 4.0 2.9 2.2 2.0 2.6

Source: Eurostat. * = Provisional data. (1) It refers to population aged 15 - 74 years. (2) Break in time series. Unemployment rate (%) in euro area countries, 2020

18.0

14.0

10.0

6.0

2.0 EL ES IT LT LV FR FI CY PT EE LU SK IE BE AT SI MT DE NL 114 10 Household consumption and housing amenities Household consumption and housing amenities 10

1. Average monthly household expenditure (purchases) on goods and services, 2015 - 2019

2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Goods and Value in Value in Value in Value in Value in services % % % % % euro euro euro euro euro

Total 1,421.00 100.0 1,392.03 100.0 1,414.09 100.0 1,442.35 100.0 1,478.22 100.0 Food 293.79 20.7 287.76 20.7 289.04 20.4 289.57 20.1 295.56 20.0 Alcoholic beverages and tobacco 57.45 4.0 54.35 3.9 54.08 3.8 52.53 3.6 50.09 3.4 Clothing and footwear 83.47 5.9 80.71 5.8 81.36 5.8 84.61 5.9 85.83 5.8 Housing 189.36 13.3 192.68 13.8 198.75 14.1 203.42 14.1 207.55 14.0 Durables 66.30 4.7 61.31 4.4 61.92 4.4 63.16 4.4 66.17 4.5 Health 107.36 7.6 103.68 7.4 103.33 7.3 108.36 7.5 104.61 7.1 Transport 179.89 12.7 180.08 12.9 182.31 12.9 187.33 13.0 197.42 13.4 Communications 58.58 4.1 58.37 4.2 59.00 4.2 59.07 4.1 60.79 4.1 Recreation and culture 68.41 4.8 64.05 4.6 65.83 4.7 69.02 4.8 73.18 5.0 Education 46.28 3.3 45.1 3.2 45.95 3.2 47.23 3.3 48.46 3.3 Hotels, cafés and restaurants 142.15 10.0 138.46 9.9 148.77 10.5 155.99 10.8 164.49 11.1 Miscellaneous goods and services 127.95 9.0 125.47 9.0 123.76 8.8 122.06 8.5 124.06 8.4

Percentage distribution of average monthly household expenditure (purchases) on goods and services, 2019 2. Αverage monthly consumption of basic goods, 21.0 2015 - 2019

18.0 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

15.0 Rice (gr) 1,323 1,335 1,336 1,342 1,294 Bread and bakery products 12.0 (gr) 9,161 9,288 9,270 8,974 8,976 Pasta (gr) 2,768 2,868 2,873 2,837 2,693 9.0 Meat (gr) 10,061 10,167 10,281 10,438 10,378 Fish (gr) 2,777 2,703 2,702 2,675 2,864 6.0 Milk (ml) 11,293 11,096 10,853 10,375 10,186 Eggs (unit) 16 16 16 16 16 3.0 Yogurt (gr) 1,850 1,787 1,854 1,883 1,840 Cheese (gr) 2,794 2,810 2,672 1,564 1,600 0.0 Fruit fresh, preserved and r t s s s s s s e o n h g d d r t a r t e e e n d c o o n n l l o n e i c i

u dried (gr) 16,803 16,369 16,461 16,609 16,411 c g o o i a a o t b t i s a p

a a l w o v t r e F a s a s r u t r b u r Vegetables fresh, preserved a c g u é n H e

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o Alcoholic beverages (ml) 3,739 3,801 3,810 3,739 3,724 a C i c c e s h l i r t A c o M l e C R

116 117 10 Household consumption and housing amenities Household consumption and housing amenities 10

Percentage distribution of average monthly Percentage distribution of average monthly purchases expenditure (purchases) on food , 2019 by poverty status , 2019 25.0 35.0

30.0 Poor population 20.0 25.0 Non-poor population

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3. Average monthly purchases for goods and services, by 4. Percentage distribution of households by housing amenities, poverty status of the population, 2019 2015 - 2019 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Non-poor Poor/Non- Goods Poor population population poor and population Colour TV 99.6 99.5 100.0 100.0 99.9 services Value in Value in % % % Personal computer 63.6 66.1 68.1 69.8 70.7 euro euro Mobile telephone 90.2 90.9 90.9 92.2 93.1 Second residence 16.3 16.0 15.8 14.7 15.0 Total 319.67 100.0 978.19 100.0 32.7 Dish washing machine 36.7 36.1 36.7 36.9 37.9 Food 105.59 33.0 187.29 19.1 56.4 Fixed telephone line 87.2 85.5 85.0 84.2 84.1 Alcoholic beverages Freezer 29.2 29.8 30.6 30.6 32.1 and tobacco 7.20 2.3 34.19 3.5 21.1 Central heating 39.7 41.5 41.3 52.8 51.3 Clothing and footwear 9.17 2.9 56.59 5.8 16.2 Private car 66.0 65.6 66.0 66.0 66.2 Housing 72.36 22.6 142.78 14.6 50.7 Indoor garage 13.3 13.0 12.9 13.2 13.2 Durables 11.01 3.4 46.59 4.8 23.6 Health 24.22 7.6 72.26 7.4 33.5 Transport 17.93 5.6 127.27 13.0 14.1 Communications 21.66 6.8 38.76 4.0 55.9 Recreation and culture 6.32 2.0 49.93 5.1 12.7 Education 1.96 0.6 26.77 2.7 7.3 Hotels, cafés and restaurants 23.41 7.3 107.68 11.0 21.7 Miscellaneous goods and services 18.46 5.8 85.74 8.8 21.5

118 119 10 Household consumption and housing amenities Household consumption and housing amenities 10

Housing amenities of households (%), 2019 6. Percentage distribution of households by main heating means, 2015- 2019 110.0 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

90.0 Central heating 39.7 41.5 41.3 40.3 37.1 Natural gas heating 10.4 9.2 12.1 12.6 14.2 Gas oil stove 2.4 2.1 2.0 1.7 1.8 70.0 Gas liquid stove 1.4 1.2 1.4 1.0 1.2 Firewood stove 9.9 7.8 8.8 8.7 8.1 Thermal accumulator 1.9 1.9 2.0 1.7 1.7 50.0 Electric heater appli - ances (stove, fan heater, heater) 14.3 13.3 13.1 15.2 13.3 30.0 Air-conditioner 9.6 9.9 8.8 9.3 11.5 Other means 9.9 10.4 9.9 8.8 10.7 10.0 No heating 0.5 0.8 0.5 0.8 0.3

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D Firewood stove 8.1 13.3

Gas liquid stove Air-conditioner 1.2 11.5 Gas oil stove 5. Percentage distribution of households by number of rooms 1.8 and surface of dwelling, 2015 - 2019

2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Natural gas heating Other means 14.2 10.7 Number of rooms No heating available to the 0.3 household 1 3.8 3.7 3.7 3.2 3.3 2 19.9 19.8 19.9 18.8 18.6 Central heating 3 48.7 47.5 47.5 46.7 46.5 37.1 4 20.4 21.6 21.5 24.1 24.3 5 5.5 5.5 5.3 5.7 5.6 6 + 1.7 1.9 2.1 1.5 1.7

Surface (m 2) ≤ 40 3.9 3.7 3.4 3.3 3.5 41 - 60 16.2 16.0 15.7 14.8 14.9 61 - 100 55.0 55.3 54.8 56.5 56.1 101 + 24.9 25.0 26.0 25.4 25.5

120 121 Poverty – Inequality 11 Poverty – Inequality Poverty – Inequality 11

1. At-risk-of-poverty rate after social transfers (1) , by gender and 2. At-risk-of-poverty rate after social transfers (1) , by age group, 2015 - 2020 employment status, 2016 - 2020 % % 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

At-risk-of-po verty By most frequent em - threshold (in ployment status euro) 4,512 4,500 4,560 4,718 4,917 5,266 Employed persons 14 .1 12.9 11 .0 10 .2 9.9 Not employed persons 23 .6 23 .3 21 .8 22 .0 22 .3 By gender Unemployed persons 47 .1 45 .5 43 .3 44 .9 45 .2 Total 21 .4 21 .2 20 .2 18 .5 17 .9 17 .7 Retired persons 9.7 9.5 8.7 8.9 10 .2 Male 21 .5 21 .2 20 .2 18 .5 17 .7 17 .5 Other inactive persons 25 .4 25 .7 24 .7 25 .2 25 .3 Female 21 .2 21 .2 20 .2 18 .5 18 .0 17 .9 In work at-risk-of-poverty Βy age group rate 0 - 17 26 .6 26 .3 24.5 22 .7 21 .1 21 .4 Total 14 .1 12 .8 10 .9 10 .1 9.8 18 - 64 22 .5 22 .7 21.7 19 .8 18 .9 18 .5 Male 15 .3 14 .9 12 .4 11 .6 11 .6 65 + 13 .7 12 .4 12.4 11 .6 12 .2 13 .2 Female 12 .3 9.8 8.7 8.1 7.1

Working time (1) The at-risk-of-poverty rate after social transfers is the share of persons living Full-time 12 .2 11 .2 9.5 9.1 8.8 in households where the total equivalised disposable income is below the Part-time 30 .3 27 .5 24 .6 20 .9 20 .6 at-risk-of-poverty threshold, i.e., lower than 60% of the national median equivalised disposable income (median income means the income in the (1) The at-risk-of-poverty rate after social transfers is the share of persons living middle of the distribution). in households where the total equivalised disposable income is below the at-risk-of-poverty threshold, i.e., lower than 60% of the national median equivalised disposable income (median income means the income in the At-risk-of-poverty rate (%) middle of the distribution). 22.0

21.0 3. At-risk-of-poverty rate by level of educational attainment, 2016 - 2020 20.0 % Educational 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 19.0 attainment Pre-primary, primary 18.0 and low secondary education 24.5 24.3 22.8 22.7 20.8 Upper secondary edu - 17.0 cation, post second - 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 ary non-tertiary edu- cation 21.7 18.2 18.2 18.0 18.6 First and second stage of tertiary education 10.2 9.4 8.6 7.7 7.3

124 125 11 Poverty – Inequality Poverty – Inequality 11

4. Material deprivation (1) , 2015 - 2020 6. ΕU: People at-risk-of-poverty % % or social exclusion, 2016 - 2020 Age group 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

Total 39.9 38.5 36.0 33.5 30.2 32.0 EU 27 (2) 23.7 (2) 22.5 (2) 21.6 (2) 20.9 … 0-17 44.5 42.3 38.3 39.3 35.7 38.4

18 - 64 41.5 39.6 36.6 34.2 30.7 33.3 Euro area 65 + 34.9 34.4 32.3 30.8 28.3 27.8 Austria (AT) 18.0 18.1 17.5 16.9 17.5 (1) Material deprivation rate measures the percentage of the population that Belgium (BE) 20.9 20.6 20.0 (1) 19.5 (1) 18.9 cannot afford at least 3 out of 9 of the following items: France (FR) 18.2 17.0 17.4 17.9 … – to pay arrears on mortgage or rent payments, or utility bills, hire purchase Germany (DE) 19.7 19.0 18.7 17.4 … installments or other loan payments, Greece (EL) 35.6 34.8 31.8 30.0 28.9 – to go on one week’s annual holiday away from home, Estonia (EE) 24.4 23.4 24.4 24.3 23.3 – to have a meal with meat, chicken, fish (or vegeterial equivalent) every Ireland (IE) 24.4 22.7 21.1 20.6 … second day, Spain (ES) – to face unexpected expenses, 27.9 26.6 26.1 25.3 … Italy (IT) – to have a telephone (including mobile phone), 30.0 28.9 27.3 25.6 … – to have a colour TV, Cyprus (CY) 27.7 25.2 23.9 22.3 … – to have a washing machine, Latvia (LV) 28.5 28.2 28.4 27.3 … – to have a car, Lithuania (LT) 30.1 29.6 28.3 26.3 … – to keep their home adequately warm. Luxembourg (LU) (1) 19.1 19.4 20.7 20.6 … Malta (MT) 20.3 19.3 19.0 20.1 … Netherlands (NE) (1) 16.7 17.0 16.7 16.5 *16.3 Portugal (PT) 25.1 23.3 21.6 21.6 … Slovakia (SK) 18.1 16.3 16.3 16.4 … Slovenia (SI) 5. Households with poor housing conditions, 18.4 17.1 16.2 14.4 15.0 Finland (FI) 2016 - 2020 16.6 15.7 16.5 15.6 16.0 %

Non-euro area 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 (1) 40.4 38.9 32.8 32.8 32.1 Bulgaria (BG) 16.8 17.2 17.0 16.3 (1) 15.9 Denmark (DK) Households with hous - 27.9 26.4 24.8 23.3 … Croatia (HR) ing problems: 26.3 25.6 19.6 18.9 17.8 Hungary (HU) 21.9 19.5 18.9 18.2 … Noise from neighhbours Poland (PL) 38.8 35.7 32.5 31.2 30.4 or street 20.0 20.2 19.8 19.7 19.8 Romania (RO) Leaking roof or damp Sweden (SE) 18.3 17.7 18.0 18.8 … wall, floors or founda - Czechia (CZ) 13.3 12.2 12.2 12.5 … tions or rot in window frames or floor 14.7 13.6 13.3 12.5 12.3 Source: Eurostat. Too dark rooms 6.3 5.6 5.7 5.3 5.5 * = Provisio nal data. … Lack of bath or shower 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.4 0.2 = No data available. Lack of indoor flushing (1) Break in time series. toilet 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 (2) Estimates. Εuro area countries: People at-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion (%), 2019 34.0

30.0

26.0

22.0

18.0

14.0 EL LV LT IT ES EE CY PT IE LU MT BE FR DE AT NE SK FI SI 126 127 Education Education 12

1. Primary education (kindergartens): Pupils, school units and teaching staff, end of school year 2015/16 - 2018/19

2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19

School units 5,637 5,672 5,644 5,611 Teaching staff (1) 14,321 14,382 14,726 15,231 Pupils 155,243 151,804 151,225 154,744

Public School units 5,035 5,056 5,006 4,962 Teaching staff (1) 13,441 13,494 13,754 14,233 Pupils 141,741 137,470 136,308 138,762 Pupils per kindergartner 10.5 10.2 9.9 9.7

Private School units 602 616 638 649 Teaching staff 880 888 972 998 Pupils 13,502 14,334 14,917 15,982 Pupils per kindergartner 15.3 16.1 15.3 16.0

(1) Also including "absent teachers", but only for public kindergartens. "Absent teachers" are the teachers with a fixed post in the school unit who are absent for more than 20 working days (due to illness, training, maternity leave, etc.) and their replacement is pending, as well as the teachers who are seconded to other administrative posts of the Ministry of Education, Research and Re - ligious Affairs or elsewhere.

Pupils per kindergartner (kindergartens)

18.0

16.0

14.0

12.0

10.0

8.0 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19

Public Private

131 12 Education Education 12

2. Primary education (primary schools): Pupils, 3. Secondary education (lower secondary schools): Pupils, school units and teaching staff, end of school units and teaching staff, end of school year 2015/16 - 2018/19 school year 2015/16 - 2018/19

2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19

School units 4,547 4,509 4,486 4,452 Total Teaching staff (1) 68,379 67,808 68,980 72,561 School units 1,819 1,823 1,823 1,824 Pupils 642,707 645,250 639,037 631,700 Teaching staff (1) 38,929 38,411 38,706 39,470 Pupils 311,236 313,130 312,604 317,622 Public School units (2) 4,384 4,346 4,324 4,293 Public Teaching staff (1) 65,229 64,463 65,427 68,974 School units (2) 1,720 1,725 1,724 1,725 Pupils 607,811 609,414 601,601 593,673 Teaching staff (1) 36,828 36,237 36,415 37,148 Pupils per teacher 9.3 9.5 9.2 8.6 Pupils 296,940 298,287 297,293 301,524 Pupils per teacher 8.1 8.2 8.2 8.1 Private School units 163 163 162 159 thereof, evening schools Teaching staff 3,150 3,345 3,553 3,587 School units 72 73 73 74 Pupils 34,896 35,836 37,436 38,027 (1) Pupils per teacher 11.1 10.7 10.5 10.6 Teaching staff 678 670 668 692 Pupils 4,915 4,895 4,986 4,961 Pupils per teacher 7.2 7.3 7.5 7.2 (1) Including teachers, other teaching staff, e.g., foreign language teachers, music teachers, etc. "Absent teachers" are included only for public schools. Private "Absent teachers" are the teachers with a fixed post in the school unit who School units 99 98 99 99 are absent for more than 20 working days (due to illness, training, maternity Teaching staff 2,101 2,174 2,291 2,322 leave, etc.) and their replacement is pending, as well as the teachers who Pupils 14,296 14,843 15,311 16,098 are seconded to other administrative posts of the Ministry of Education, Re - Pupils per teacher 6.8 6.8 6.7 6.9 search and Religious Affairs or elsewhere. (2) From the school year 2014/15 onwards, the ethnic minority schools are (1) Also including "absent teachers", but only for public lower secondary recorded in the public school units. schools. "Absent teachers" are the teachers with a fixed post in the school unit who are absent for more than 20 working days (due to illness, training, maternity leave, etc.) and their replacement is pending, as well as the teach - ers who are seconded to other administrative posts of the Ministry of Edu - Pupils per teacher (primary schools) cation, Research and Religious Affairs or elsewhere. Ecclesiastical lower secondary schools and single ecclesiastical upper sec - 14.0 ondary schools have the same teaching staff. (2) From the school year 2014/15 onwards, the ethnic minority schools are recorded in the public school units.

12.0

Pupils per teacher (lower secondary schools) 10.0 10.0

8.0 9.0

8.0 6.0 2015/2016 2016/2017 2017/2018 2018/2019 7.0 Public Private 6.0

5.0 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 Public schools Public evening schools Private schools

132 133 12 Education Education 12

4. Secondary education (general upper secondary schools): 5. Tertiary education (technical sector): Pupils, school units and teaching staff, end of Teaching staff, students and graduates, end of school year 2015/16 - 2018/19 academic year 2013/14 - 2017/18

2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18

Total Teaching staff (1) (3) 4,004 (3) 4,841 (3) 4,750 5,045 5,146 (2) School units 1,333 1,348 1,345 1,352 Students 99,389 106,933 106,266 103,819 106,032 Teaching staff (1) 23,805 23,822 23,970 23,652 Graduates 18,560 19,976 18,632 16,753 14,747 Pupils 240,852 244,386 245,811 254,351 (1) It refers to the teaching staff who are appointed to and teach in the specific Public departments. School units (2) 1,245 1,255 1,253 1,260 (2) Excluding the students who have completed the years of attendance as Teaching staff (1) 22,054 22,013 22,085 21,736 stipulated in relevant legislation, but still have to take an exam for some Pupils 227,477 230,581 231,610 239,736 courses and who were: 104,872 for 2013/14, 110,678 for 2014/15, 115,464 Pupils per teacher 10.3 10.5 10.5 11.0 for 2015/16 120,792 for 2016/17 and 127,445 for 2017/18. (3) The reduction mostly refers to the personnel under limited time contract t h e r e o f , e v e n i n g s c h o o l s (Law 3986/2011, article 37, par. 3). School units 71 72 73 73 Teaching staff (1) 463 459 443 417 Pupils 5,732 5,678 5,455 5,638 Pupils per teacher 12.4 12.4 12.3 13.6

Private School units 88 93 92 92 Teaching staff 1,751 1,809 1,885 1,916 Students: technical sector - universities Pupils 13,375 13,805 14,201 14,615 240,000 Pupils per teacher 7.6 7.6 7.5 7.6

(1) Also including "absent teachers", but only for public lower secondary schools. "Absent teachers" are the teachers with a fixed post in the school 200,000 unit who are absent for more than 20 working days (due to illness, training, maternity leave, etc.) and their replacement is pending, as well as the teach - ers who are seconded to other administrative posts of the Ministry of Edu - 160,000 cation, Research and Religious Affairs or elsewhere. Ecclesiastical lower secondary schools and single ecclesiastical upper sec - ondary schools have the same teaching staff. (2) From the school year 2014/2015 onwards, the ethnic minority schools are 120,000 recorded in the public school units.

80,000 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 Pupils per teacher (general upper secondary schools) Technical sector 14.0 Universities

12.0

10.0

8.0

6.0 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19

Public schools Public evening schools Private schools 134 135 12 Education Education 12

6. Tertiary education (universities): 7. EU: School expectancy (1)(2) , 2015 - 2019 Teaching staff, students and graduates, end of academic year 2014/15 - 2018/19 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

2014/15 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 Euro area Austria (AT) 17 17 17 17 17 Teaching staff (1) 13,176 13,148 13,923 15,003 15,992 Belgium (BE) 18 18 19 19 19 Students (2) 196,559 202,831 186,208 190,652 (4) 236,520 France (FR) 16 (5) 17 (3) 17 17 *(5) 17 Graduates 33,909 34,491 33,380 33,430 38,460 Germany (DE) 18 (3) 18 (3) 18 (3) 18 19 Greece (EL) 18 18 19 19 20 Postgraduate stu - (4) (3) (3) dents 50,758 52,946 66,295 71,313 78,518 Estonia (EE) … … … … … Master’s degree Ireland (IE) 19 19 (3) 19 (3) 20 (5) 19 holders (3) 11,042 13,276 15,292 18,373 19,106 Spain (ES) 18 18 18 18 18 Italy (IT) 16 16 17 (3) 17 (3) 17 Doctoral students 32,925 33,452 28,682 29,221 30,671 Cyprus (CY) 16 16 16 17 17 Doctorate holders 1,802 2,003 1,877 1,558 1,774 Latvia (LV) 18 18 18 19 19 (1) It refers to the teaching staff who are appointed to and teaches in the spe - Lithuania (LT) 18 18 18 19 18 cific departments. Luxembourg (LU) 15 15 (4) 15 15 15 (2) Excluding the students who have completed the years of attendance as Malta (MT) 15 15 15 16 16 stipulated in relevant legislation, but still have to take an exam for some Netherlands (NE) 19 19 19 19 … courses and who were: 190,496 for 2014/15, 193,583 for 2015/16, 205,561 for 2016/17, 235,406 for 2017/18 and 252,718 for 2018/19. Portugal (PT) 17 17 17 17 18 (3) MSc, MA, MBA, etc. Slovakia (SK) 16 16 16 16 16 (4) The increase in the number of students in the academic year 2018/19 is Slovenia (SI) 18 18 (3) 18 18 18 due to the establishment and operation of the University of West Attica Finland (FI) 20 20 20 21 21 (Law No 4521/18).

Non-euro area Postgraduate students - Doctoral students Bulgaria (BG) 17 16 16 (4) 16 16 80,000 Denmark (DK) 20 19 19 20 20 Croatia (HR ) 17 17 17 17 17 72,000 Hungary (HU) 17 16 16 17 17 Poland (PL) (3) 18 (3) 18 (3) 18 (5) 18 (5) 18 64,000 Romania (RO) (3) … 14 (3) … (3) … (3) … 56,000 Sweden (SE) 19 20 21 21 21 Czechia (CZ) (3) … (3) … (3) … (4) 17 (3) 17 48,000 Source: Eurostat. 40,000 * = Provisional data. … = No data available. 32,000 (1) School expectancy corresponds to the expected years of education over a lifetime and has been calculated adding the single-year enrolment rates for 24,000 all ages from the age of 5 years and over. To illustrate the meaning of school 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 expectancy, let us take an example: school expectancy for the age of 10 would be one year, if all 10-year-old students (in the year of the data collec - Postgraduate students tion) were enrolled. If only 50 % of 10-year-old students were enrolled, Doctoral students school expectancy for the age of 10 would be half a year. (2) Until 2012, the survey was conducted in accordance with the International Standard Classification of Education ISCED 1997. From 2013 onwards, the survey is conducted in line with ISCED 2011. (3) Definition differs. (4) Break in timeseries. (5) Estimates.

136 137 12 Education

8. EU: Total General Government expenditure on education as a percentage of GDP, 2 015 - 2019 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

EU 27 4.8 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 Euro area Austria (AT) 4.9 4.9 4.8 4.8 4.8 Belgium (BE) 6.3 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2 France (FR) 5.4 5.4 5.4 *5.3 *5.3 Germany (DE) 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.3 Greece (EL) 4.2 4.0 3.9 4.1 4.0 Estonia (EE) 5.9 5.6 5.7 6.2 6.0 Ireland (IE) 3.4 3.5 3.3 3.2 3.1 Spain (ES) 4.1 4.1 4.0 4.0 *4.0 Italy (IT) 4.0 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 Cyprus (CY) 5.6 5.5 5.3 5.1 5.4 Latvia (LV) 5.9 5.5 5.8 5.8 5.8 Lithuania (LT) 5.1 4.8 4.5 4.5 4.6 Luxembourg (LU) 4.6 4.5 4.5 4.6 4.7 Malta (MT) 5.1 5.1 4.8 5.1 5.3 Netherlands (NE) 5.2 5.2 5.1 5.1 5.0 Portugal (PT) 5.1 4.8 4.6 4.4 *4.4 Health Slovakia (SK) 4.2 3.9 3.9 4.0 4.2 Slovenia (SI) 5.6 5.5 5.4 5.4 5.5 Finland (FI) (2) 6.2 6.0 5.6 5.5 5.6

Non-euro area Bulgaria (BG) 3.9 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.9 Denmark (DK) 7.0 6.8 6.4 6.4 6.3 Croatia (HR ) 4.9 4.7 4.8 4.7 4.8 Hungary (HU) 5.2 5.0 5.1 5.0 4.7 Poland (PL) 5.3 5.0 4.9 5.0 5.0 Romania (RO) 3.1 3.3 2.8 3.2 3.6 Sweden (SE) 6.4 6.6 6.7 6.9 6.9 Czechia (CZ) 4.4 3.9 4.1 4.6 4.9

Source: Eurostat. * = Provisional data. (1) = Estimates. (2) = Break in time series.

Euro area countries: Total General Government expenditure on education as a percentage of GDP, 2019 7.0

6.0

5.0

4.0

3.0 BE EE LV FI SI CY FR MT NE AT LU LT PT DE SK EL ES IT IE 138 Health 13

1. Percentage distribution of population by health status, 2016 - 2020 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

General health status Very good 45.0 45.2 46.3 46.7 46.6 Good 29.0 29.0 30.1 32.7 31.9 Fair 15.6 15.5 14.4 14.1 14.7 Bad 7.5 8.0 7.1 5.0 5.0 Very bad 2.8 2.3 2.0 1.6 1.8

Long-standing health problems 24.0 23.7 23.4 23.7 23.7

Limitation in activities because of health problems Strongly limited 11.2 10.2 10.2 9.5 9.8 Limited 13.5 14.1 13.6 13.6 13.6

2. Hospitals, beds, health centres and pharmacies per 100,000 inhabitants, 2015 - 2019 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Hospitals 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.5 2.5 Health care units of Le- gal Entities of Public Law 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.2 Private clinics and Legal Entities of Private Law 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.4 Beds (1) 426.0 420.1 420.9 419.7 418.5 Health centres 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 Pharmacies 96.3 96.4 96.9 95.1 96.3

(1) From 2010, the psychiatric beds in residential long-term care facilities are excluded.

141 13 Health Health 13

3. Physicians per 1,000 inhabitants, by group of specialty , 5. Total funding on health expenditures, 2015 - 2019 2015 - 2019 Million euro 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Total 5.9 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.2 Tot al funding on General medicine 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 health expenditures Paediatrics 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 (HF) (1) to (5) 14,210.1 14,498.4 14,354.8 14,304.1 14,375.7 Obstetrics and gynae - General Government cology 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 (excluding SSFs) Psychiatry 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 (HF.1.1) (1) 4,087.6 4,519.0 3,985.0 3,916.0 4,108.5 Medical group of spe - Social security funds cialties 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 (HF.1.2) (2) 4,095.1 4,286.8 4,693.4 4,441.6 4,482.0 Surgical group of spe - Total public funding cialties 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 on expenditures Other specialties 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.5 (1) + (2) 8,182.7 8,805.8 8,678.4 8,357.6 8,590.5 Dentists 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 Total private funding on expenditures (3) + (4) 5,765.4 5,625.4 5,614.6 5,890.8 5,729.3 Private insurance (HF.2.1) (3) 541.3 567.5 578.3 630.2 672.3 Private payments (HF.3.1) (4) 5,224.1 5,057.9 5,036.3 5,260.6 5,057.0 Other expenditures (HF.2.2, HF.2.3, HF.4, HF.0) (5) 262.0 67.2 61.8 55.7 55.9

4. Percentage distribution of ESSPROS social protection (1) expenditures , 2014 - 2018 Total funding on health expenditures (in mil. euro) Fuctions 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 20,000 Sickness 18.4 19.1 20.2 20.2 19.4 Disability 6.4 4.3 4.3 4.2 4.1 16,000 Old age 55.2 57.7 56.4 54.8 54.5 Survivors 10.0 10.8 10.6 10.0 9.6 Family 4.5 4.1 4.0 5.7 6.6 12,000 Unemployment 4.2 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.7 Social exclusion 1.3 0.5 0.8 1.5 2.0 8,000

(1) ESSPROS: the European System of Integrated Social Protection Statistics, ab - breviated as ESSPROS, is a common framework for recording receipts and ex - 4,000 penditure of all public and private bodies or schemes involved in social protection, which include all benefits and allowances provided to individuals or social groups. 0 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Total funding on health expenditures General Government (excluding SSFs) Total private funding on health expenditures Social Security Funds

142 143 13 Health

6. Funding on health expenditures and percentage contribution by sector, 2015 - 2019 Million euro 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Total funding on health expenitures (HF) (1) to (5) 14,210.1 14,498.4 14,354.8 14,304.1 14,375.7 General Government (ex cluding SSFs) (HF.1.1) (1) 4,087.6 4,519.0 3,985.0 3,916.0 4,108.5 (% of total expendi - tures) 28.8 31.2 27.8 27.4 28.6 Social security funds (HF.1.2) (2) 4,095.1 4,286.8 4,693.4 4,441.6 4,482.0 (% of total expendi - tures) 28.8 29.6 32.7 31.1 31.2 Total public funding on health expendi - tures (1) + (2) 8,182.7 8,805.8 8,678.4 8,357.6 8,590.5 (% of total expendi - tures) 57.6 60.7 60.5 58.4 59.8 Total private funding on health expendi - Justice tures (3) + (4) 5,765.4 5,625.4 5,614.6 5,890.8 5,729.3 (% of total expendi - tures) 40.6 38.8 39.1 41.2 39.9 Private insurance (HF.2.1) (3) 541.3 567.5 578.3 630.2 672.3 (% of total expendi - tures) 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.4 4.7 Private payments (HF.3.1) (4) 5,224.1 5,057.9 5,036.3 5,260.6 5,057.0 (% of total expendi - tures) 36.8 34.9 35.1 36.8 35.2 Other expenditures (HF.2.2 to HF.0) (5) 262.0 67.2 61.8 55.7 55.9 (% of total expendi - tures) 1.8 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4

Funding on health expenditures: percentage contribution by sector 100.0 90.0 27.8 27.4 28.6 80.0 28.8 31.2 70.0 60.0 28.8 32.7 31.1 31.2 50.0 29.6 40.0 30.0 20.0 42.4 39.3 39.5 41.6 40.3 10.0 0.0 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Total private Social General Government funding and other Security (excluding SSFs) expenditure Funds

144 Justice 14

1. Criminal offences commited (1) , offenders and ratio per 100,000 inhabitants (2) , 2015 - 2019

2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Total of offences 197,074 205,216 221,225 210,272 220,403

Offences per 100,000 in - habitants 1,815 1,903 2,054 1,958 2,055

Felonies (major offen - ces) 11,611 12,438 11,993 12,258 10,928 Offences per 100,000 in - habitants 107 115 111 114 102 Misdemeanors (minor offences) 185,463 192,778 209,232 198,014 209,475 Offences per 100,000 in - habitants 1,708 1,788 1,943 1,844 1,953

Total of offenders (3) 111,020 122,727 125,012 130,493 131,278 Offenders per 100,000 inhabitants 1,022 1,138 1,161 1,215 1,224

Source: Hellenic Police. Crime statistics refer to offences committed during the year, either misde - meanors or felonies (prosecuted "ex proprio motu" or upon indictment) for which the Regional Departments of the Hellenic Police have conducted a pre - liminary investigation or submitted a lawsuit or indictment against the relevant offenders (principal perpetrators or accomplices). In the case of multiple of - fences, all the offences are stated separately and in the case of accomplices, abettors, etc. all those who participated in the offence are stated separately. (1) The number of offences committed refer to felonies and misdemeanor crimes, completed and attempts thereof. (2) The ratio is estimated on the basis of the estimated population on the 30th June of the relevant year. (3) The total number of offenders includes the offenders who were identified in the month when the offence was registered and the offenders who were unkown during the same month and who were identified later during the year, principal offenders and accomplices, arrested or not.

147 14 Justice Justice 14

2. Percentage distribution of offences commited (1) , by Regional 3. Criminal offences committed (1) and offenders by sex and Police Departments, 2015 - 2019 citizenship, 2015 - 2019 ( continued ) Regional Police Departments 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Total of offences 197,074 205,216 221,225 210,272 220,403 By gender Males 81,930 101,751 104,231 108,613 110,328 Anatoliki Makedonia, Females 29,090 20,976 20,781 21,880 20,950 Thraki 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.5 2.4 % of the total identified Kentriki Makedonia 4.1 4.2 3.9 4.1 3.7 offenders 26,2 17,1 16,6 16,8 16,0 Thessaloniki 13.0 13.8 14.1 14.6 16.2 Dytiki Makedonia 0.9 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.8 By age group 7 - 12 272 554 368 359 370 Ipeiros 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.5 13 - 17 4,321 5,616 5,847 6,038 6,462 Thessalia 2.7 2.7 2.6 2.5 2.3 18 - 20 6,873 7,493 8,688 9,037 9,460 Ionia Nisia 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.9 1.8 21 - 24 10,810 11,614 11,336 13,068 13,615 Dytiki Ellada 6.8 6.6 6.6 5.8 5.4 25 - 29 14,226 14,928 14,581 15,813 15,946 Sterea Ellada 3.6 3.5 3.4 3.4 3.1 30 - 34 15,151 16,631 15,289 15,980 15,557 Attiki 50.0 49.2 49.1 49.6 50.8 35 - 44 26,672 29,723 30,647 31,093 30,816 Peloponnisos 5.1 4.8 4.5 4.2 3.8 45 - 59 22,738 25,071 26,915 27,293 26,975 Voreio Aigaio 0.7 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.3 60 + 9,957 11,097 11,341 11,812 12,077 Notio Aigaio 2.6 2.5 2.8 2.9 2.7 Unknown 00000 Kriti 4.6 4.4 4.5 4.1 3.8 Juveniles (3) as % of the Other Services 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.3 total identified of - fenders 4.1 5.0 5.0 4.9 5.2 Source: Hellenic Police. Crime statistics refer to offences committed during the year, either misde - Arrested or not meanors or felonies (prosecuted "ex proprio motu" or upon indictment) for Arrested 69,762 72,848 74,382 77,366 75,262 which the Regional Departments of the Hellenic Police have conducted a pre - % of the total identified liminary investigation or submitted a lawsuit or indictment against the relevant offenders 62.8 59.4 59.5 59.3 57.3 offenders (principal perpetrators or accomplices). In the case of multiple of - Males 52,916 61,322 63,985 66,649 65,829 fences, all the offences are stated separately and in the case of accomplices, Females 16,846 11,526 10,397 10,717 9,433 abettors, etc. all those who participated in the offence are stated separately. females as % of the total (1) The number of offences committed refer to felonies and misdemeanor arrested offenders 24.1 15.8 14.0 13.9 12.5 crimes, completed and attempts thereof. Not arrested 41,258 49,879 50,630 53,127 56,016 % of the total identified offenders 37.2 40.6 40.5 40.7 42.7

(1) Males 29,014 40,429 40,246 41,964 44,499 3. Criminal offences committed and offenders by sex and Females 12,244 9,450 10,384 11,163 11,517 citizenship, 2015 - 2019 females as % of the total not arrested offenders 29.7 18.9 20.5 21.0 20.6 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Source: Hellenic Police. Offences 197,074 205,216 221,225 210,272 220,403 Crime statistics refer to offences committed during the year, either misde - meanors or felonies (prosecuted "ex proprio motu" or upon indictment) for Felonies (major of - which the Regional Departments of the Hellenic Police have conducted a pre - fences) 11,611 12,438 11,993 12,258 10,928 liminary investigation or submitted a lawsuit or indictment against the relevant % of total offences 5.9 6.1 5.4 5.8 5,0 offenders (principal perpetrators or accomplices). In the case of multiple of - Misdemeanors (minor fences, all the offences are stated separately and in the case of accomplices, offences) 185,463 192,778 209,232 198,014 209,475 abettors, etc. all those who participated in the offence are stated separately. % of total offences 94.1 93.9 94.6 94.2 95.0 (1) The number of offences committed refer to felonies and misdemeanor crimes, completed and attempts thereof.

(2) (2) The total number of offenders includes the offenders who were identified in Offenders , identi - the month when the offence was registered and the offenders who were fied during the year unkown during the same month and who were identified later during the (principal offenders year, principal offenders and accomplices, arrested or not. and accomplices) 111,020 122,727 125,012 130,493 131,278 (3) Juveniles : 7 - 17 years old . Βy citizenship Non-nationals 26,752 28,764 31,544 36,170 37,492 % of the total identified offenders 24.1 23.4 25.2 27.7 28.6 Nationals 84,268 93,963 93,468 94,323 93,786 % of the total identified offenders 75.9 76.6 74.8 72.3 71.4 148 149 14 Justice

4. EU: Intentional homicide (1) per 100,000 inhabitants, 2014 - 2018

Countries 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Euro area Austria (AT) 0.53 0.51 0.62 0.80 0.97 Belgium (BE) ...... France (FR) 1.20 1.55 1.33 1.22 1.16 Germany (DE) 0.89 0.84 1.17 0.99 0.95 Greece (EL) 0.98 0.86 0.78 0.80 0.92 Estonia (EE) 3.19 3.42 2.51 2.20 2.12 Ireland (IE) ... 0.64 0.74 0.88 0.87 Spain (ES) 0.69 0.65 0.63 0.66 0.62 Italy (IT) 0.80 0.77 0.67 0.61 0.57 Cyprus (CY) 1.28 1.77 1.53 0.82 1.74 Latvia (LV) 3.20 3.37 3.50 4.51 4.34 Lithuania (LT) 5.40 5.89 5.30 4.53 4.56 Luxembourg (LU) 0.73 0.89 0.87 0.34 0.50 Malta (MT) 1.41 0.93 1.11 1.96 1.47 Culture – Tourism Netherlands (NE) 0.73 0.62 0.55 0.77 0.58 Portugal (PT) ...... Slovakia (SK) 1.33 0.89 1.11 1.47 1.14 Slovenia (SI) 0.78 0.97 0.48 0.92 0.48 Finland (FI) 1.61 1.50 1.35 1.24 1.63

Non-euro area Bulgaria (BG) 1.55 1.75 1.10 1.45 1.30 Denmark (DK) 1.32 1.10 0.98 1.24 1.00 Croatia (HR) 0.85 0.88 1.05 1.11 0.58 Hungary (HU) 1.48 2.24 0.93 1.63 0.88 Poland (PL) 0.75 0.78 0.68 0.76 0.73 Romania (RO) ...... 1.30 1.28 Sweden (SE) 0.90 1.15 1.08 1.13 1.07 Czechia (CZ) 0.77 0.84 0.62 0.62 ...

Source: Eurostat. … = No data available. (1) Data refer to intentional homicides, which were recorded by the police.

150 Culture – Tourism 15

1. Museums and archaeological sites, 2016 - 2020

2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 (1)

Museums 164 172 173 178 178 Visitors (thousands) 4,516.0 5,191.8 5,702.2 5,894.5 1,100.9

Archaeological sites 139 154 154 146 155 Visitors (thousands) 9,564.7 11,332.8 12,901.1 13,337.0 2,671.9

(1) The period 14/05/2020 - 16/06/2020 and 01/11/2020 - 31/12/2020 the muse - ums and the archaeological sites were closed due to the containment measures against the pandemic of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19).

2. Art galleries , 2015 - 2019

2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Number of individual e x - hi bitions 321 387 386 522 391 Number of works of art 10,510 16,117 17,283 19,729 14,761

Number of collective ex - hi b itions 243 335 345 300 268 Number of artists 6,614 9,243 8,282 7,884 7,951 Number of works of art 14,769 18,982 21,246 19,770 22,479

3. State and municipal theatres and orchestras, 2016 - 2019

2016 2017 2018 2019

Number of plays 3,106 3,376 3,045 2,795 Number of performances 6,950 7,257 7,337 7,018 Number of spectators (thousands) 2,701.8 2,594.3 2,664.7 2,529.7

153 15 Culture – Tourism Culture – Tourism 15

4. Number of nights spent by Greek and foreign nationals in 5. Overnight stays in all hotel units (except campsites) hotels and campsites, 2019 and their capacity, 2015 - 2019 Thousands Thou sands 2019 Percent - 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 age Bed change of Regions 2018 Percent - Overnight stays 76,772 79,885 87,628 109,459 109,207 occu - overnight Total age distri - Greek nationals 13,201 13,944 14,154 16,845 16,802 pancy stays bution Foreign nationals 63,571 65,941 73,474 92,614 92,405 % 2019/2018 Hotel units: (1) Total 109,459 109,207 100.0 48.7 -0.2 Units 9,757 9,730 9,783 9,873 9,971 Rooms 406,200 407,146 414,127 425,973 433,689 Anatoliki Makedo - Beds 784,315 788,553 806,045 835,773 856,347 nia, Thraki 2,185 2,152 2.0 34.2 -1.5 (1) Source : Hellenic Chamber of Hotels. Kentriki Makedonia 10,741 10,809 9.9 43.9 0.6 Dytiki Makedonia 340 313 0.3 15.3 -8.0 Thessalia 2,612 2,662 2.4 31.9 1.9 Ipeiros 1,550 1,559 1.4 29.8 0.5 6. Number of resident tourists on personal trips Ionia Nisia 12,772 12,790 11.7 57.3 0.1 with at least 4 overnight stays, 2015 - 2019 Dytiki Ellada 1,972 1,999 1.8 33.0 1.4 Thou sands Sterea Ellada 2,165 2,164 2.0 26.8 0.0 Peloponnisos 4,056 3,937 3.6 31.8 -2.9 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Attiki 10,172 10,261 9.4 48.5 0.9 Total 2,780.6 2,668.3 3,030.3 3,310.9 3,197.5 Voreio Aigaio 2,060 2,006 1.8 35.0 -2.6 Notio Aigaio 29,828 30,593 28.0 57.7 2.6 Kriti 29,003 27,963 25.6 57.2 -3.6 Male 1,311.6 1,254.0 1,421.0 1,577.8 1,517.7 Female 1,469.1 1,414.2 1,609.3 1,733.1 1,679.9 Age group : Percentage distribution of nights spent by Greek and 15 - 24 years 363.4 322.8 374.4 433.1 413.4 foreign nationals in hotels and campsites, 2019 25 - 44 » 1,022.6 1,015.0 1,102.7 1,128.7 1,098.0 45 - 64 » 954.3 906.5 1,048.4 1,159.3 1,182.6 Notio Aigaio 65 + 440.4 423.9 504.7 589.8 503.5 28.0 Source : Annual Vacation Survey conducted in resident households Kriti of Greece. 25.6 Voreio Aigaio Number of resident tourists on personal trips with at 1.8 least 4 overnight stays (thousands)

Attiki Anatoliki Makedonia, 3.500 9.4 Thraki Peloponnisos 2.0 3.6 3.300 Dytiki Ellada Kentriki Makedonia 1.8 9.9 Sterea Ellada Dytiki Makedonia 3.100 2.0 Ionia Nisia 0.3 Thessalia 11.7 Ipeiros 2.4 2.900 1.4 2.700

2.500 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

154 155 15 Culture – Tourism

7. EU: Number of resident tourists (1) on personal trips with at least 4 overnight stays, 2015 - 2019 Thousands

Countries 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Euro area Austria (AT) 4,293 4,418 4,419 4,505 4,557 Belgium (BE) 4,760 5,124 (2) 4,892 5,130 5,301 France (FR) 33,641 32,822 30,076 30,948 30,770 Germany (DE) 44,854 45,667 43,914 47,232 45,450 Greece (EL) 2,781 2,668 3,030 3,311 3,198 Estonia (EE) 458 485 483 614 496 Ireland (IE) 1,988 2,113 2,142 2,245 2,266 Spain (ES) (2) 18,689 19,664 19,487 20,737 21,691 Italy (IT) 19,000 18,387 18,902 20,457 20,622 Cyprus (CY) (3) 374 (3) 377 (3) 378 (3) 407 (3) 437 Latvia (LV) 497 528 515 580 480 Lithuania (LT) 702 664 668 643 656 Luxembourg (LU) 350 364 372 225 230 Malta (MT) 141 166 199 223 231 Netherlands (NE) 10,023 10,435 10,620 10,684 10,800 Information and communication Portugal (PT) 2,586 2,639 2,671 2,840 3,145 Slovakia (SK) 2,138 2,200 2,238 2,435 2,529 technologies Slovenia (SI) 920 941 977 1,049 962 Finland (FI) 3,153 3,074 3,092 3,150 2,915

Non-euro area Bulgaria (BG) 1,341 1,250 1,589 1,499 1,627 Denmark (DK) 3,431 3,544 (3) 2,934 (3) 2,373 … Croatia (HR) (2) 1,085 1,120 1,235 1,285 1,363 Hungary (HU) 3,066 3,145 3,071 3,221 3,229 Poland (PL) 11,806 12,513 12,867 13,255 13,560 Romania (RO) 1,770 1,593 1,676 1,797 2,034 Sweden (SE) 4,323 4,016 (2) 4,945 5,067 … Czechia (CZ) 5,405 5,462 5,618 5,390 5,496

Source: Eurostat. … = No data available. (1) Data refer to resident tourists aged 15 years and over. (2) Break in timeseries. (3) Estimates.

156 Information and communication technologies 16

1. Percentage οf population making use of PC and having internet access, 2016 - 2020 (1) 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

Population aged 16 - 74 years using PC … 68.4 … … …

Population aged 16 - 74 years acces sing the internet 69.1 69.9 72.2 75.7 78.1

… = No data available . (1) Data refer to the 1st quarter of the corresponding years.

Percentage of population having internet access

80.0

75.0

70.0

65.0

60.0 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

Internet access

159 16 Information and communication technologies Information and communication technologies 16

2. Percentage of households with internet access at home, by 3. Percentage οf population using the internet, by type of type of connection, 2016 - 2020 activity, 2016 - 2020 (1) 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

Households with inter - Communication net access at home 69.1 71.0 76.5 78.5 80.4 Sending / receiving e- Narrowband connec - mails 74.7 75.2 75.3 77.9 74.2 tion (1) 2.6 1.3 1.9 1.4 1.0 Telephoning over the Broadband connec- 98.5 99.6 99.6 99.4 99.5 internet 46.5 47.9 61.1 66.8 72.3 tion (2) Social networking 67.5 71.5 73.4 74.9 76.0

(1) It refers to narrowband connection (via modem with dial up access over nor - Information search mal telephone line or ISDN, etc.) or mobile narrowband connection (via mo - and online services bile phone, network less than 3G, e.g., 2G+GPRS, using SIM card or USB key, Finding information mobile phone or small phone as modem. (2) It refers to broadband connections, e.g., DSL, ADSL, VDSL, cable, optical fibre, about goods and satellite, public wifi connections or mobile broadband connections via mo - services 81.9 82.1 89.4 88.3 88.9 bile phone network, at least 3G, e.g., UMTS, using SIM card or USB key, mo - Reading / downloading bile phone or smart phone as modem. news papers and magazines 85.3 87.1 … 87.7 88.5 Using services related Percentage of households with internet access at home to travel and accom - modation 39.9 40.2 … … … 90.0 Finding information or 80.0 using health related services 58.8 67.6 65.2 65.9 66.6 70.0

60.0 Training / education Using services related 50.0 to training / educa - 40.0 tion … … … … … Playing / downloading 30.0 games and music 57.6 … 74.7 … 75.9 20.0 Other online services 10.0 Internet banking 27.7 35.9 37.8 40.3 46.8 0.0 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 e-government Obtaining information Percentage of households with internet access at home from public authori - by type of connection ties websites (2) 63.6 (3) 64.2 (4) 64.5 (5) 64.6 (6) 66.2 100.0 Downloading official forms (2) 38.4 (3) 39.7 (4) 39.7 (5) 39.9 (6) 40.3 Sending filled in forms (2) 37.5 (3) 34.5 (4) 33.3 (5) 36.5 (6) 34.1 80.0 … = No data available . (1) Data refer to the 1st quarter of the corresponding years. 60.0 (2) Data refer to the period April 2015 - March 2016. (3) Data refer to the period April 2016 - March 2017. (4) Data refer to the period April 2017 - March 2018. 40.0 (5) Data refer to the period April 2018 - March 2019. (6) Data refer to the period April 2019 - March 2020. 20.0

0.0 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

Broadband connection (DSL, UMTS, cable, etc.) Narrowband connection (via modem with dial up access over normal telephone line or ISDN, etc.)

160 161 16 Information and communication technologies Information and communication technologies 16

4. Percentage οf population having used the internet and bought / 5. EU: Percentage of households with internet access at home, ordered goods or services over the internet, 2016 - 2020 (1) 2016 - 2020 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

Population aged 16 - 74 EU 27 84 86 88 90 (2) 91 having used the inter - net and bought / or - Euro area dered goods or Austria (AT) 85 89 89 90 90 services over the in - Belgium (BE) 85 86 87 90 91 ternet 32.8 36.4 40.2 41.5 47.8 France (FR) 86 86 89 90 … Germany (DE) 92 93 94 95 96 (1) Data refer to the 1st quarter of the corresponding years. Greece (EL) 69 71 76 79 80 Estonia (EE) 86 88 90 90 90 Ireland (IE) 87 88 89 91 92 Percentage of population having used the internet and bought / Spain (ES) 82 83 86 91 95 ordered goods or services over the internet Italy (IT) 79 81 84 85 … 50.0 Cyprus (CY) 74 79 86 90 93 Latvia (LV) (1) 77 79 82 85 90 Lithuania (LT) 72 75 78 82 82 Luxembourg (LU) 97 97 (1) 93 95 94 45.0 Malta (MT) 81 85 84 86 90 Netherlands (NE) 97 98 98 98 97 Portugal (PT) 74 77 79 81 84 40.0 Slovakia (SK) 81 81 81 82 86 Slovenia (SI) 78 82 87 89 90 Finland (FI) 92 94 94 94 96

35.0 Non-euro area Bulgaria (BG) 64 67 72 75 79 Denmark (DK) 94 97 93 95 95 Croatia (HR) 77 76 82 81 85 30.0 Hungary (HU) 79 82 83 86 88 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Poland (PL) 80 82 84 87 90 Romania (RO) 72 76 81 84 86 Sweden (SE) (1) 94 95 93 96 94 Czechia (CZ) 82 83 86 87 88

Source : Eurostat . … = No data available . (1) Break in time series. (2) Estimates.

Euro area countries: Percentage of households with interntet access at home, 2020 100.0

80.0

60.0

40.0

20.0

0.0 NE DE FI ES LU CY IE BE AT EE LV MT SI SK PT LT EL

162 163 HELLENIC REPUBLIC

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