POLISH ACADEMY OF SCIENCES GEOGRAPHIA POLONICA Editorial Board STANISŁAW LESZCZYCKI (Editor-in-Chief) KAZIMIERZ DZIEWOŃSKI, JERZY KOSTROWICKI PIOTR KORGELLI, JANUSZ PASZYŃSKI TERESA LIJEWSKA (Secretary) Address of Editorial Board KRAKOWSKIE PRZEDMIEŚCIE 30 00-927 WARSZAWA POLANO Printed in Poland http://rcin.org.pl POLISH ACADEMY OF SCIENCES INSTITUTE OF GEOGRAPHY AND SPATIAL ORGANIZATION GEOGRAPHIA POLONICA 36 PWN — Polish Scientific Publishers • Warszawa 1977 http://rcin.org.pl Edited by JERZY KOSTROWICKI with the assistance of JERZY GRZESZCZAK and ZUZANNA SIEMEK http://rcin.org.pl http://rcin.org.pl Professor Stanisław Leszczycki http://rcin.org.pl The collection of studies presented to Professor Stanislaw Leszczycki in commemoration of the 50th anniversary of his scientific activity http://rcin.org.pl http://rcin.org.pl CONTENTS Jerzy Kostrowicki: Professor Stanislaw Leszczycki's activities on the national and international scale 7 Michael J. Wise: A message to Professor Leszczycki 13 Jean Dresch: Quelques réflexions sur la géographie 17 Konstantin A. Salichtchev: Les cartes thématiques internationales dans l'aspect de leur développement 23 J. Brian Bird: Beach changes and recreation planning on the west coast of Barbados, West Indies 31 Ljubomir Dinev: Development and estimation of the migrational processes in Bulgaria 43 Kenneth C. Edwards: Amenity areas in the Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire sub-regional unit 49 Manuel Ferrer Regales: Spatial distribution of industrial employment in Spain 57 Svetozar Ilesié: The regions of Slovenia 73 W. A. Douglas Jackson: Culture, perception and the environment 83 Lâszlo Kâdâr: Paleçgeographical remarks to some Scythian river names of Herodotus related to Slavonic and Hungarian languages 89 Iwao Kamozawa: Democracy in regional development. Villagers' participation in the rural resettlement of Sawauchi-mura 9/ Gerald J. Karaska and Benjamin H. Stevens: Economic impacts in small com- munities in the Boston region 115 Hendrik J. Keuning: Philosophizing on the region 123 Horst Kohl: On the impact of socialist economic integration on the spatial struc- ture of industry in the GDR 127 Jaromir Korcâk: Frein démographique de l'urbanisation 133 Ernesto Massi: Réflexions d'un géographe économiste sur le développement de la réduction directe dans la sidérurgie mondiale 137 Vintilâ Mihâilescu: Sur la structure géographique 151 Ernst Neef: A scheme of side-processes relevant for environmental development 157 Erich Otremba: Some problems of geographical science in the Federal Repub- lic of Germany 1(63 Philippe Pinchemel: Géographie, espace et organisation de l'espace 173 Nicolae Popp: Le Nord de la Moldavie, principale région touristique de la Roumanie 179 Carl Rathjens: The sensibility to drought in countries of arid climate .... 187 Josip Roglic: Aspect géographique de l'île de Hvar. Une contribution à la con- naissance de la valorisation des îles adriatiques 193 Sigfrid Schneider: Remote sensing for regional and environmental planning . 203 Arthur E. Smailes: Urbanization, industrialization, and modernization .... 207 Oscar H. K. Spate: Prolegomena to a history of the Pacific 217 Gilbert F. White: Environmental health in developing countries 225 http://rcin.org.pl http://rcin.org.pl PROFESSOR STANISLAW LESZCZYCKFS ACTIVITIES ON THE NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL SCALE Professor Leszczycki was born in 1907, on May 8th, St. Stanislas' Day which brought him his first name. In 1926-1930 he studied at the Jagiellonian University in Cracow. That uni- versity, founded in 1364, the oldest in Poland and one of the oldest in 'Central Europe, was at that time characterized by a specific tradition and atmosphere. There young Stanisław Leszczycki was lucky to have excellent masters. Two of them should particularly be mentioned: Ludomir Sawicki and Jerzy Smoleń- ski. Sawicki, a universal geographer of wide interests who had carried field research both in Poland and abroad, an indefatigable investigator especially of mountains and mountain life, has greatly influenced and encouraged his young student's interest in similar matters; Smoleński, whose own work, marked by extreme precision and accuracy, was centred mainly on physical geography yet by no means limited to it — he was also well familiar with social and economic problems — has deepened young Leszczycki's theoretical and methodological interests. Very soon Leszczycki was appointed assistant and later senior assistant at the Chair of Geography. In 1932 he was granted a Ph.D. for the thesis Geograph- ical Research on Rural Settlement in Beskid Wyspowy (in Polish). His main interest at that time was settlement and tourist geography of mountain areas; in his studies he aimed at the determination and discussion of mutual relations between the conditions of geographical environment on the one hand, and the rural settlement and tourist economy on the other. Very early he also established the first international contacts. As a student he was member of several geographical excursions involving some field work. As an assistant he visited Czechoslovakia, Austria, Germany, Britain, Finland, Sweden, Norway, Latvia, Estonia, Italy and Switzerland. His early research work abroad was carried on in the Austrian Alps, the Scandinavian countries, Yugoslavia, and Turkey. It involved investigation of the dependence of middle- sized farms in various latitudes on their geographical environment (within 35-70°N latitude). The field research carried by Stanisław Leszczycki in 1936 in Anatolia, Turkey, deserves a particular mention here since the data collected there constituted the basis of his habilitation dissertation on the Geographical Research of Rural Settlement in Southern Anatolia. In 1936 he organized a postgraduate course of tourism at the Jagiellonian University in Cracow; the course had its own publications. His foreign contacts http://rcin.org.pl 8 J. KOSTROWICKI concerning research on tourism and recreation developed widely and involved, among others, specialists from Austria, Switzerland, Italy, Germany, Greece and the Scandinavian countries. Soon after graduation he took an active part in the Illrd Congres of the Sla- vonic Geographers and Ethnographers in Yugoslavia in 1930. In 1934 Leszczycki took part in the XlVth International Geographical Congress in Warsaw. During World War II — this time not very willingly — Stanislaw Leszczycki also spent a few years abroad: in the Nazi concentration camps in Sachsenhau- sen and Dachau. Very soon after the liberation he was appointed expert on boundary prob- lems at the Polish Ministry of Foreign Affairs; in 1946-1950 he was Deputy Mi- nister of Foreign Affairs. In that capacity he took part in several international conferences in Paris, Potsdam, Moscow, Prague and Copenhagen. He also made several other trips abroad, travelling as far as Montevideo for the general con- ference of UNESCO in 1954. In 1945 he was appointed associate (extraordinary) professor of the Jagiello- nian University. In 1948 he was offered the Chair of Economic Geography at the University of Warsaw, which he accepted. He laid foundation for the creation of the Institute of Geography of this University and was Director of the Institute between 1952-1970. In 1952 he was elected member of the Polish Academy of Sciences and became its Deputy Scientific Secretary. In that capacity, while he was busy organizing research work on the national scale, he also made several trips abroad. When, due to his effort, the research Institute of Geography of the Polish Academy of Sciences was established in 1953, he became his first and only Di- rector. During the 25 years of his directorship, attracted by the atmosphere he was able to create, a number of scholars from various centres have become affi- liated to the Institute. Together with those who were educated at the Institute, they have developed it into a strong centre of research both on the national and international scale. Despite his growing organizational and administrative responsibilities, Pro- fessor Leszczycki has always had time for his numerous students, of both the University and the Academy Institutes, who worked under his supervision for their master's or doctoral degrees. Nor did he neglect his own research at this time: he had been working on the history of geographical sciences, on theory and methodology of geography, and on industrial geography. Professor Leszczycki has always well understood the need for the practical application of geographical studies. Thus as early as 1933 he started his cooper- ation with regional planning. His prewar book Region Podhala (Podhale Re- gion) which was at the time criticized for its practical approach may indeed serve up to date as an example of a fundamental geographical study purposely written to be used in planning. He renewed his contacts with planning after the war. This approach could clearly be seen in the way he oriented the research work of the Academy Insti- tute of Geography. Without neglecting theoretical and methodological investiga- tions he always stressed the need for the practical approach to geographical studies. In result, from its very beginning a number of studies have been carried on at the Institute which contributed to the better knowledge and to spatial de- velopment of individual functions and regions. As the Institute has eventually become a well-known centre of such research, in 1970, within the so-called priority or key problems selected by the government a§ most important for http://rcin.org.pl PROFESSOR STANISŁAW LESZCZYCKI'S