12 VOL. 3, N
DULAGS AND STALAG Latest Information from Europe A St~lag (abbreviation for St lager) IS a pe~manent camp for (By cable from Geneva) coms or enlisted men-other The American Red Cross representa- . Prisoners' Aid of the YMCA are also be + BULLETIN tive at SHAEF cabled from Paris on ing used. ~:~p ~~~~s w~~~~~~~~--;:tac~ RIS ,0 N E R S OF WAR AprilS that assembly camps for liberated Supplies are moved from Switzerland are sent out. m British and American prisoners of war in trainload lots and by truck convoys. A Dulag .(abbrevi~tion for D~5bed by tl~e American National Red Cross for the Relatives of American Prisoners of War and Civilian Internees had been opened at Namur in Belgium and The trucks then operate on a shuttle serv gangs lager ) IS a transit camp to d at Thaon and Sedan in France. Each of ice inside Germany-from Moosburg in newly captu.red prisoners of lV;,.------the three camps can accommodate 5,000 the south and Lubeck in the north. Addi sent for aSSIgnment to their pe 3, NO.6 WASHINGTON, D. C. JUNE 1945 men. An evacuation transit camp, large tional distribution centers, including one nent camp. A Dulag maintains lr------enough for 75,000 men, has been opened at Stalag III A (Luckenwalde), have been ever, a small permanent st~fI at the French port of Le Havre. Liberated set up. Besides truck convoys and solid American prisoners are now moving trains, 393 loaded freight cars left Swit- camp upkeep and administratio W f through one of the three assembly camps zerland for Germany during March, near- Fre9uently. of late, in the ca~ Liberated Prisoners of ar rom Germany to Le Havre, whence they are being re- Iy all of which, the International Red i~.mencan pnsoners captured on By Col. George F. Herbert, AGD Chief, Casualty Branch patriated direct to the United States. Lib- Cross has reported by cable, had reached western. front, the Germans h erated British prisoners go directly from their destinations by AprilS. been USIng Stalags as Dulags, " Le Havre to the United Kingdom. The W s('parate compounds for ha d A' d . . tuniL)" Lhrough the Red Cross, to George C. :Marshall, and shonl y Red Cross has stocked these assembly , hile some prisoners from camps in transit' F ' . . n the Ihe forces swept Victor!- Lhereafter dispatches a sale-arrival camps with release kits and food packages. western Germany have been moved to the mi ht b~IsOnetrs. or Instance, a . through Germany and the send a message home prior to their en departure from overseas, wherever message to the next of ki n of the The Dulag Luft transit camp for airmen interior, there has been no wholesale evac- Dul: es occupied its forces, many lis~ed attoSt:l;ec~tly ?y communication facilities permit. men who arrived. A band usually at Wetzlar, overrun early in April, was uation of camps comparable to that which then, after g rocessin g I. B, ~ands of pnsoners of war ~ere strikes up a military air. AL a recenL found to be amply stocked with food, occurred east of the Oder last January Stalag XI B P h' g, aSSigned from. German camps. American clothing, and comfort articles. Four car- and February, and large numbers of pri~ - as IS permanent cal . b'I . 1 f d k The Journey Hom~ docking, the strains of "God Bless . In the first quarter of 1945, tw rs, JU 1 ant wit 1 ree om, n~'~ America" b r 0 ugh t accompanying loads oi supplies shipped by the Interna- oners have been liberated from camps in Aboard ship these men are served tional Red Cross from Geneva reached the west which have been overrun by AI- the largest transit camps for AmUncle ,Sam would be well pIe words from the 111en, sung with a Dulag Luft on February 12. lied armies since the crossing of the Rhine. cans captured on the western &1to cale for them. The '!\Tar De the best of meals. vVhen the ship ar fervor and heartfdt emphasis that The Belgian and French governments Most of the prisoners evacuated from were Stalag IV B at Miihlber ,lent ~nd the. theater command rives at its destination in the United would be hard to match. After term i- agreed at the end of March to contribute camps east of the Oder are still widely Stalag. XI B at th.lS long befOie States the liberated prisoners are im nation of the welcoming cerelllonies scattered in north, central, and south Ger- Fallingbostel~ ~cogDlzed f,~ct Amencan strength at IV B on ~mps were lIbelated, an~ made mediately debarked and transported Lhe men arc given a physical screen 175 and 300 railroad cars, respectively, many. Now that the Red Cross truck lOns to the staging area connected with to the International Red Cross pool of service is in operation, it is expected that ruary 28 was reported to be 4 5oas for the welfare of .these ing exallllnaLion and assigned bar , WllO had been pnsoners of war. the port of debarkation. The com freight cars for use in getting relief sup- increasing amounts of food and medicines racks in which ·ireshly made beds plies to prisoners of war and deportees. are reaching American prisoners. The SEAMAN RALPH R.HANSptost immediately after being mander of the port welcomes the await them. men personally on behalf of the By April 5, 200 of these cars were ready German medical authorities have held A letter from a prisoner in the te.d, many were flown to large for use. The fleet of Red Cross motor . Chief of Staff of the Army, Gen. (Continued OIL jJage 12) trucks, which now leave Switzerland meetmgs with British and American pris- East which mentioned the name 5 ~n the Eu~?pean Theater of daily with relief supplies for prisoners of on~r of war medical officers from all the Ralph Robert Hansen, Sl/c from tlOns espeCIally set up to re war in Germany, numbered over 200 on prmcipal camps for the purpose of coordi USS Houston, went through cen them. At th~se assemb.ly c~ntel:s April 15. Of these, 50 Swedish trucks pur- nating medical needs and establishing a ship some months ago, accordin rough phySical exanllnatlOn IS chased in Stockholm have been reserved common program to be worked out be- reports received by Seaman Han~ and ~he best food the Army for use in Northern Germany. As railroad tween the German and prisoner of war mother. Since Mrs Han h u! offer IS served them. New U1l1- ~I~~edn~~at~~~ ~~t~~~r~~:.~~~t~~rtr~~~: authorities. received any word' froms~~r :~n~! are distributed and partial to 400. These trucks are being furnished In the middle of April the American would be very grateful if the recipi ents are made from ~he pay by the American, British, Canadian, and Red Cross had 10,000,000 standard food of the letter mentioning her has ac:cumulated whIle they other Red Cross societies and also by packages for prisoners of war in or en would write her. The address is: been pnsoners. of war. Re~rea SHAEF. Ten trucks belonging to War route to Europe. C. J. Hansen, 74 Idaho Street, IS prOVided. whIle they awaIt re \ coin Heights, Tacoma 5,- '!\Tashing to t~e Umted States. But they -:~:------~--==------~------...:....-----,-----.J. . l it ywalt in returninglong, for theseto the men United have V Prlsoners of War Bulletin over all other military per- MAY 1945 U. S. POSTAGE d with the exception of the sick wounded. In fact, many of them Published b), I Y2c PAID returned by air whenever air The American National Red Cross Philadelphia, Pa. portation i~ available. .. Washington 13, D. C. Permit N I!S13 the the famIlIes at o. It are mean~Ime,passll1.g around the tde------.-L r eceived from the Adjutant rral informing them of their Return Postage Guaranteed or husband's return to military \ oI. These telegrams are dis ed to families immediately receipt of such information in lVar Department, and a second ~am is sent giving the news of cted arrival in the United States Libel'ated Ame";can prisoners, alte,' "eceiving "e/ease kits at an assembly center in F"ance, Postmast~r-If addressee has removed and new Serials Acquisition on as it is learned that certain tell their expel'iences to a Red C"oss worker. Names as given, lelt to right: Pvt. Wallace address IS known, notify sender on FORM 3547 ps of men are returning. The Butterfield, Pic. William M. Smith, Pvt. Blai,' A. Colby, Pic. Aubrey Rogers, Pic. Han'y postage for which is guaranteed. ' The univerSity of Texas Librar,r themselves are given an oppor- R. Shaw, Jr.,. and Miss Rosanne Coyle. ~ustin 12 Texas _4 ______V _O_L_. _3, ~)SONERS OF \V AR BULLETIN
1941, to the summer of 1941. months when no new evidence has ously.I vlany ships of all sizes arc now Naval Personnel Reported Missing in Action Presumption of Death been received in the interim. available for an engagement. For this finding of death is made when Because of the peculiar circum reason, personnel not actually killed By Capt. Albert C. Jacobs, USNR rvey of all the available sources stances involved, 4,220 officers and in an action have a much greater Director, Dependents WeUare Divi 'cates beyond dO'ubt that the pre men of the Navy have been contin . chance of rescue than in the days .of sion, Bureau of Naval Personnel ption of continuance of life has ued in a "missing" status beyond 24 the Java Sea, the Coral Sea, Midway, months. Most of these were "missing" 1 overcome. There is no chance or GuadalcanaL Because of the size Casualties are the heavy price the "Missing in action," it is easy to by the Japanese have beel~ recei is being an unreported prisoner following the battle of the Java Sea, and strength of our fleet, units can be nation is paying, and must continue see, is a very broad and general term. more than 12 months after ar or being alive in some isolated the loss of Wake, and the loss of the left behind to search for "missing'"' to pay, for victory. As never before, It includes, unfortunately, many who "missing" status began .. Two ye c. If a finding of death is made, Philippines. Their fate being un personnel even though the action is the impact of increasing casualty are probably dead, but concerning and more have not mfreq.ue pay accounts are closed as of the known-they could have been cap of a continuing nature. In the early tured, could havOt escaped, could have lists is being felt by the poor and the whom proof of death is lacking. It clapse~ before ,~or? ~las ,~een mitlpumptive d~te of deat~, tl:at is ~ da),s of the war, our ships had of n e died-it has been necessary to con rich, by the humble and the great. also includes personnel unaccounted ly ~'ecelved ~hat ~Issmg persons~day followmg the explrallon of cessity to leave battle areas without tinue their "missing" status. On the Officers and men representing every lor after combat, but who happily pnsoners of war In the hands of 12 months' absence, and the va delay in order to utilize to the ut section of our country man the might will prove to be survivors. To illus Japanese. An enlisted man "missi s benefits, such as the six months' basis of available information such most our slim and diminished naval status could not be terminated. iest battle fleet the world has ever trate: A ship is lost during 'the black from the USS Houston during 1 gratuity, become payable. power and to protect the ships still known. Many of their families have of a Pacific night-the fate of some battle ~f the J~va Sea (February finding of presumptive death Dependency Support afloat. Even under such conditions, borne with fortitude the news that of our officers and n'len is unknown to M.aI ch l, 1942) was ~rst report erning an officer or man of the During this period of uncertainty when our weakened fleet performed loved ones are "missing in action." Ihey must be listed as "missing in ac a prIsoner of war on l~e bru~ry 'f means simply that as of the and the Navy fully appreciates the miracles against great odds, the res Unfortunately, before final victory is I ion." A submarine on a combat mis 1045. For nearly three y_ears hiS [. thereof he is for the purpose of heartaches caused by the "missing" cue operations, implemented by such won, many other navy families will sion is long overdue-what has hap Ity had receIved no WOld from hI I admi~lstration no longer alive. telegrams it must send-when fami ingenious inventions as the inflated have received a "missing in action" pened to it is unknown-the officers Some naval personnel have even bet es not mean that death occurred lies are suffering deep anguish and rubber boat, and so forth, are now telegram. and men can only be placed in the rescued and have returned .who h lat or on any other certain date. sorrow, provision must be made for a matter of record. In July of 1943, The, fortitude or such families is status of "missing in action." A plane Il.e, ~er been reported as pnsoners purposes other than naval ad the support of dependents of "miss when our fleet was growing-stronger, the more commendable because the ,;from one of our carriers does not IT "aI. . is tration, the law docs not make ing" naval personnel. The various several weeks elapsed before a com great majority of our officers and turn after a combat mission-the pi No~ ol1ly ha\'C the Japanese be findings binding or conclusive. benefits contingent on death, such as plete survivor list of the USS Helena men now fighting were, not so long lot may be safe on some isolated slow In releasing the names of P commercial insurance companies pensions, insurance, and the death could be sent from the South Pacific, ago, civilians following peaceful oc atoll; he may have been captured oners o~ war, but they frequen , almost without exception, ac gratuity, cannot be paid during the and during this period 167 officers cupations, with no thought of war. by the Japanese; he may have crashed have failed to report deaths occ ed them as evidence of the fact "missing" status. The law, however, and men were rescued from two is Unexpectedly catapulted into the and died at sea-there is nothing to ring in t!~eir camps, ,Families h.a eath, and have paid insurance provides that the total pay and al lands under Japanese domination. fray, they have become the most ef~ do but place him in the status of been nouhed that a Ieport has J IS on the basis thereof Their' lowances of the "missing" person will Outstanding also were 'the rescues ficient fighters in history. Only a ' "missing in action." heen l:eceived that t~leir loved 0 erstanding settlement of claims be credited to his account during the of our aviation personnel shot down small percentage were trained for A question frequently asked is how ;Ire prisoners of war; It has then be d on the deaths of naval person continuance of such status. The law in the actions against the .lap strong war and schooled to the vicissitudes long will an officer or man be carried the sad duty of the Navy to infolhas been most praiseworthy. further provides that allotments from.. hold at Truk. In short, the ' chances thereof. in the "missing" status. The answer the families of a subsequent rep
SERVICE TO PRISO_NERS OF WAR WIERICANS LIBERATED AT FAR EAST RELIEF SUPPLIES RANGOON PACKAGING CENTERS A Russian ship carrying additional Early in May the War Department relief supplies for American and Al ___ RELIEF SUPPLIES TO PHILADELPHIA ( 5 informed that 73 American pris With stock piles in Europe, or en lied prisoners in the Far East left ers of war had been liberated in route thereto, totaling about 10,000,000 a West Coast port in the latter part American Red Cross standard food pack of April for Vladivostok. ROUTES TAKEN BY INTERNATIONAL RED . CROSS e capture of Rangoon, Burma, by ages, production in the Philadelphia, itish forces. Most of the men had New York, St. Louis, and Brooklyn Pack This latest shipment, consisting of SUPPLY SHIPS TO EUROPE ver been reported as prison-ers, and aging Centers was reduced early in April 1,500 tons, included 115,000 Ameri re still listed by the War Depart to about 200,000 a week. By the end of can Red Cross food packages, 112,000 May, by which time 28,000,000 packages Canadian R ed Cross food packages, •••••••• SHUTTLE SHIPS - GOTEBORG TO LUBECK nt as missing in action. The Japa had been shipped abroad, operations were se had never even reported this as discontinued. 3,000 Indian food packages packed by the Canadian Red Cross, 184 tons ___ SUPPLY TRAINS FROM SWITZERLAND AND camp where American prisoners Besides supplying, throughout April re detained, and, therefore, no and May, food packages to all American of m edical supplies, and 15 tons of LUBECK TO GERMAN CAMPS d Cross suppl,ies could be sent and other Allied prisoners of war who YMCA and National Catholic Wel could be reached anywhere in Germany, fare Conference goods. ere. large numbers were furnished to- liber The War Department stated at the At the time of this shipment there ••••••••••••• B";RGE SHIPMENTS FROM LUBECK TO_ INTERIOR ated American prisoners on the~r home Ie of the announcement that as ward journey through assembly centers were still in Vladivostok about 700 n as a complete list of the names and evacuation points, in addition to the t<.>ns of reI~ef supplies, and negotia TRUCK ROUTES TO CAMPS AND the liberated prisoners was avail supplies they received from the U. S. tIOns wer~ 111 progress with the Japa Army. Arrangements were made some n~se t? pIck up t~e supplies for dis MARCHING COLUMNS Ie their next of kin would be noti- time ago whereby, on the cessation of hostilities in Europe, all stock piles of t~I~~tlO~ to AllIed prisoners and American R ed Cross food packages would CIVIlIan Internees in the Far East. ASSEMBLY CENTERS FOR LIBERATED PERSONNEL be placed at the disposal of SHAEF, and o NOTIFYING FAMILIES these reserves filled a very _vital need. IRCC WHITE BOOK EMBARKATION POINTS OF LIBERATED A substantial supply of special Far Mr. Carl J. Burckhardt, President o PRISONERS Eastern packages has been built up and of the International Red Cross Com is being h eld in the United States for mittee, recently announced in Ge PLANE ROUTES HOME FROM ENGLAND \n agreement made early in May possible future shipment to American tween the War Department and and other Allied prisoners still in Japa neva that a white book would soon AND FRANCE American Red Cross provided nese hands. be published containing correspond t the Red Cross may notify fami The women volunteers who so faithful ence exchanged with the Germans on SHIP ROUTES HOME of liberated American prisoners ly manned the packaging center assembly the matter of atrocities in concentra· lines since this operation began in March IV aI' of their liberation, when the tion camps. 1943 have made a most important con Mr. Burckhardt also disclosed that, II request this service. The re tribution to the national effort. Their nsibility of caring for liberated readiness at all times and under all but for the p ersistent efforts of the onersand arranging transporta sorts of conditions to perform this serv IRCC, the Germans would have de ice has earned the heartfelt gratitude nounced the Geneva Convention at home for them, together with of all prisoners of war who have re the end of 1943. This, he stated, many other military duties, made ceived packages. would have left millions of Allied CANADA ifficult for the Army to notify prisoners virtually unprotected. t of kin as promptly as they !ld have liked of the liberation risoners. ~ab led and telegraphed lists of :> ~ , /;, es of liberated prisoners are now Ig sent by Red Cross field di C---/ '~J ors overseas to national h ead- ~ rte rs in ,,,rashington. From h ere y are sent with all dispatch to I chapters, whose representatives V NEW YORK-~..:..rI~ iiIi="'--- so nally deliver the news to the t of kin. In addition to' this service the R ed ass will, if the situation warrants P ILADELPHIA send a cable inquiring about a ~;: era ted prisoner's famil y, when it is parent that the prisoner expects ST. LOUIS HEADQ.UARTERS ~------, . be in Europe long enough to re- !ve the reply. A similar service is IN 127 CROSSINGS tuned for liberated Allied prison , of war who have r elatives in the RED CROSS AND NEUTRAL U.S.A. ~- u;':.'::.-. _ . _ nited States. CAR RIED FOR A. R. C. INCLUDING OVER 28.000.000 FOOD PACKAGES Prisoners of War Bulletin in !l ites l-eprinting of its articles in 'uhole or in l)art. Its contents are Swedish tntcks leavittg Goteborg fo,' Lubeck, Gen"atty. These tntcks, plaittly mat-ked itt lOt copyrighted. Gennatt, lnterttati?nal Committee of the Red Cross, were IIsed for deliverittg "e/ief suppltes to camps attd mat-chittg columns itt ,;orthen, Ge,·matty. 12 .. '-'.ll;)v .l'U:,L'...O;) OF WAR BULLETIN 13
LIBERATED PRISONERS It h as been visited by nurn e r~u s EDUCATIONAL ASSIST AN AMERICAN PRISONERS IN THE (Continued fro11t page 1) returnees from liberated camps, and FOR DEPENDENTS OF AAF CHANNEL ISLANDS PERSONNEL Their first m eal in the United they are impressed by the interest which is evidenced in them and b) Educational assistance is now Camp J ersey, in thc Cha n nel Is States consists of a steak dinner with la nds, was visited on Fe bruary 1.5, the fact that the .section often works a ble to certain d ep endents o[ milk and ice cream-all they can ] 945, by a Dc:J ega te of the I n terna day and night to speed the no tifica personnel throllgh the scho eat. Their clothing is then ch ecked tional R ed Cross. A t that tim e there tion messages home. The employees, fund of the N a tional Assoc' and any missing items are supplied. were 19 Am erican p r isoners of war however, know the history of these Air Forces \'Vomen. This assoc They are given. anoth er partial pay in th e camp, of wh om :\ were o ffi m en ; when they were captured , li b h as establish ed a student Ie m ent and moved 011 , u sua ll y within cers, but the number h as since risen erated, and r eturned to military con t und which adyan ces m o ney wi 24 hours, to the receptio n sta tio n to 36. T h e A m erican represen tati ve trol. They h a ve read and a nswered intcrest or collateral to dcser vin n earest their homes . A t this po in t was Colonel R eybold. letters 1r0 111 the ir w ives a nd mothers dents in order that they may ~h e y arc interrogated regarding o th er their educational goal. The prisont: rs lived in h eated , well American prisoners or p ersons r e seeking mo re informa tion or than k dents must be the children of ventilated barracks, according to the ported missing a t the sallle time as ing them fo r the m essages they h a" e A ir Forces military p ersonnel. report, and had beds with m a ttresses they were. Decorations and awards received. To see the end res ult o f The awarding of thesc and sufficient blankets. Medical at are presented tlwse who had earned their work, whe t). libera ted service will be on a noncompctiti tention . and r a tions were sa tisfac them but who had had no oppor m en visit the repatri'ltion section First consideration, tory. The priso ners h ad books and tuni"ty to receive them with appro - a nd express the ir thanks to the per g'iven to th e childre n of a sports ground, and were p ermitted priate ceremony. By sending the mell sonnel who h a \ c played a small part p risoners of war. Applica walks outside of camp. to a r eception station the A rmy bears in their return, is more than sufficien t assista nce should b e In February and M arch the .'IS the cost of transportation, which incentive to this gJ:oup of "Val' six weeks before the begi Vega made two trips from Lisbon to would not be done were they placed D epartmen t emplovees to keep on the job a t top speed for long hours the sem ester for which funds the Channel Islands with supplies of o n leave or furlough at the staging R ed Cross food packages, which were area. to insure tha t the news of liberation neede? . . . ~ag III B "Ph·ates." Pictlt.!"e taken at Fii,'stellbm'gIOde,' ill .Tillie 1944. Nam'es as given, a nd early return home is speeded to A rtIcle V HI. the constitution of tl to right: (sitting) er01li", B ellll ett, Ten'is, Wo,'kman, Harmoll; (sta1tdi1lg) Tay/o,', distributed under the control of Brit At the reception sta tion, b ack pay association defines the purpose c EasterbrQ.ok, Vi1tcich, Gaski", Bosse, Ray, and Dellto". ish R ed Cross r epresentatives who accounts are fully settled a nd orders those anxiously awaiting su ch n ews. this fund. It reads: . frequently visited Camp Jersey .. A issued for leaves or furloughs' of 60 The Association will establish, fo further sl~ipm e nt of food packages da ys. Twenty-four hours after the ir Exchanges of Pri~oners in France nelief Supplies Shipped ter, and develoj) a fu n d to assist i and clotlung was m ade in ApriL arrival at the reception sta tion the furthering the education of deservin. . men are en route home fo r a we ll to Europe children of A rmy Ait· Forces militoi"st October.16, an A lllencan R ed stated tha t his side would be willing deserved vacation. The following table shows, by il} d' d } 'I lSS field director, Andrew G. to excha nge m en. The American R ed FAR EASTERN LETTERS AND Upon liberation from priso n camps t?ersonne l~ 70 1.ave. Ie .WI! e pndges, attached to the 94th Infan- Cross field director asked whether the "alue, what the A merican Red Cross oners of wm, by m akmg gtfts or lool D' . " . F . PICTURES some m en naturally are suffering has shipped fro m the United States to such children to enable them IvlslOn.ln ran ce, was gnren an Germans would abide bv the G eneva Readers are urged to send to the from wounds and illnesses requiring to Europe for Am erican and other t th P f I sual assignment. B e was asked Conventio n in such a'n exch ange. Editor, Prisoners of War Bulletin, mee . e necessary ex enses 0 t Ie he Chief of Staff of the 94th to hospitaliza tion. These m en arc r e Allied prisoners of war: The G ermans agreed a nd H odges re American Red Cross, Washington lUrned to the United States as soo n educatw n and by es tabltSlnng scho h ld b d f - 53 lurned to the A m erican lines, after Year 1941 ______1 million dollars arships for such children and f. ' ~ at ~ou . e o[: ~ ClI_ 13, D. C., copies of letters and pic as possible, and after arri\'al are Year 1942 ______7 million dollars other deserving children of AAF ptcn cans kn~w~ . to be pllsonels on arra nging for frequent trips to the tures received from American pris processed in the same m a nner as their Year 1943 ______39 million dollars sonne!. Isle of ~rolx m th~ Ba y ot Biscay. G erma n lilies 1.0 bring supplies to the oners of war and civilian internees buddies. They are then sent to the Americans. Year 1944 ___ _ ~ ______81. million dollars A scholarship fund committee hi A mer~cal1s were III .dJl-e n eed. of held by Japan. They will then be army hospital n earest the ir h ome, if , Year 1945 (first. 3 months) 21 million dollars been appointed which includes M ~' clothll1g, and m edIca l supplIes. Feeling th a t events had gone be used, as far as possible, in the Far th ey desire, so their fam ilies ma v Of this total of $ 149,000,000 of re Howard C. Davidson chairman wi Jodges wrote to the G erm an corn yond his a uthority, Hodges went to Eastern edition of the Bulletin, have ample oppo rtunity to visit lief- supplies, approxim ately ninety of M aj. G en . D av id s ~n; Mrs. Oliv(~ de ~ of the g~rrison. on the Isle Paris to discuss arrarlgem ents with the first issue of which will appear them . When they have full y recov millioll doll;!rs' worth had actuall y P . Ech ols, wife of Maj. Gen. OIiwro1x and, wIule awa ltmg a reply, International R ed Cross representa in August. ered they are then placed o ri leave b een delivered to A merican and other P. Ech ols; M rs. L aurence S. Kut neyed to R ennes to pick up sup tives. T he l111erna tional R ed Cross or furlough. Allied -prisoners of war b y April 30, wife of M aj. G en. L aurence S. KU ~S . . In the m eantime. 25 more favored th e ex ch a nge, provided the Working Day and Night 1945. The bala nce of approximately Mrs. ' '''illiam Crom, wife of C encans were taken pnson er. stipulat io ns o f th e G eneva Conven S5 9,000,000 in food packages, cloth Crom, and Mrs. Arthur Vanama fter days of n egotiat ion, Hodges tion were adhered to. Hodges re tice to the Germans tha t h e was com The sys tem that h as b een set u p ing, got into his jeep a nd drove to to care for liberated p ersonnel, bo th ing, medicines, and other supplies wife of Brig. G en . Van aman, who will y received word 0 11 O ctober 28 turned to th e 94- th Division h ead th e G erman lines. His daring got him overseas and in the U nited States, was in Europ e a t the beginning of a prisoner of war in Europ~. th e G erman officials were wait- quar ters a nd found that the Chief through. The G erma ns blindfolded is functioning to such a high degree M ay, with C\'cry effort being made to The members of this commit( LO see him on the Germ an side of of Staff h ad obtained permission push the m ax imum possible amount h ave made a study of the questio Etel R i-ver. Hodges crossed the from his superior, M a j. Gen. H arry him for the three-hour jou!"ney into of effici ency that in a great ma jori ty their lines, part of it by torpedo boa t into G erma ny d ay b y day. naires and m ethods of several scholal on an auxiliary sailboa t manned 1. :Maloney, for the exchange on a of instances men are'home before one across the Loire River. month has elapsed from the t ime they Most o f th c supplies shipped for ship funds a nd founda tions. FornFrench civilians and was received JI1an for m a n basis. were freed from imprisonment. Be American prisoners o f war and civil stating regulations a nd restrictiOJl\vo G erman ofii.cers, who told Two m ore trips to the G erman The arrangements were made, and hind the scenes in the Casualtv ian internees were p aid for by the which will govern this fund ha ~ th at it would not b e possible for lines completed ar rangements, a nd H odges completed his second ex Bra nch of the Adjutant G enerar 's U nited Sta tes government. The b een drawn up. to distribute the supplies person- the exch ange, set for November IS, ch ange near Pornic, across the river offi ce, in ' '''ashington, is a sectioll es American Red Cross supplied the Several thou sand d ollars ha,'e ~. : T he Germans, h owever, gave cam e off with a m ax imum of effi ci from St. Nazaire, 9n November 29. p ecially organized to se nd to the capture p arcels, medicines, medical read y been dona ted to the h .r word tha.t the supplies would ency. Seven ty- fi ve Americans were By Christmas, H odges arranged families concerned the joyous n ews equipmen t, m edical p arcels, ortho b y gen erous individuals and A to the Amencans, and set O ctober ex ch an ged for a like nUlTlber of Ger- for a third exchange in the Lorient' of these m en 's libera tion a nd r eturn p edic equipment, and release kits. women's clubs throughout the Unit 1S th e ~ate for Hodges to r eturn ma ns. sector, where the first exch a nge was to military control, and their even The American R ed Cross, moreover, States. On inactivated posts many h supphes. Pleased at the smooth con d u ct of m ade. tual return to the United States. This' sustained the whole apparatus for the disba nded clubs have voted t~V h e n Hodges brought th<,; sup th e exch a nge, the Division Chief of On January I the 94th Division section, appropriately called the r e procurem ent a nd shipping of the the balance in their treasuries (s h e remarked jokingly that it Staff r equested the Red Cross field Chief of Staff paid tribute to Hodges pa triation section, also acts as a clear goods moved abroad, and has con sent to the scholarship fund ,uld be easier to return the Ameri director to see about an ex chan ge in for his 13 trips into the G erman inghouse for all matters p erta in ing tributed substantially to defray Euro NAAF'''', 1702 K Street, N.''''., Wa ~ s to their own lines to feed them. th e St. N azaire sector. lines by awarding him the Bronze to such p ersonnel. p ean overhead of the operation. ington 6, D. C. t German officer immedia telv H~d ges . w ithout any adva nce n o- Star. VOL. 3, N RISONERS OF WAR BULLETIN 15 ------~ Missing in Action ing heroism has resulted in many even chance of rescue. Within re After Germany"s Collapse Questions and Answer such rescues, often within the very cent months guerrillas there have (Continued from page 6) range of enemy guns. saved the lives of many naval per All American prisoners of war held in the Far East, whose names are Q. Do all wounded AAF pTison med guard crew, and the .rassen One example will illustrate how sonneL by Germany have been liberated and - carried on the rolls of the Office of Tepatriated dUTing the wa.r rs all. safely abandoned ShIp. The far the N avyhas gone to rescue per The type of action being carried are now home or on their way. the Provost Marshal General, will disability discharges ' fTom bmanne surfaced and compelled sonneL In September of last year, the on at the time a pilot is shot down Throughout April and Maya steady automatically receive copies of the Army? 1 except five to go aboard. ~ined up Navy risked scores of costiy planes also has a direct bearing on his stream of liberated men reached Far Eastern edition as they are pub· A. Every effort is made to reass· 11 the ?eck of. the s.ubmarme, t~eIr and two PT boats and expended chances of rescue. If a plane crashes American shores, and the military lished from time to time, just as they a repatriated AAF meniber (i ands tIed b.ehmd WIth rope or ~Ire, thousands of pounds C!Jf bombs and during a naval engagement, when authorities are returning the men to have received their copies of PRISON noncombatant capacity) unl apanes:. saIlors. beat the surVIvors hundreds of thousands of rounds of enemy submarines are in the vicinity, their homes as expeditiously as the ERS OF WAR BULLETIN. Other readers he specificially indicates his nm~rClful~y WIth ~ayonets, club.s, ammunition during a nine-hour bat rescue is more difficult, but it has seriously disorganized condition of who are interested in the Far East sire for a certificate of disabil jld ?ron pIpes, causmg sC?me to ~Ie tle in order to save one naval aviator_ been effected even un dell the most Europe permits. and who desire to receive the Far for discharge. Lltnght. Late the same l11ght, whIle In one of the most heroic rescues trying circumstances. Everything is Since the American Red Cross be Eastern edition are requested to fill Q. What becomes of the peno me thirty sur:rivors of the 55 Jean of the entire war, two patrol torpedo done so long as it does not need gan publishing PRISONERS OF VVAR out the blank form on page 15 of this effects of a. flier ?'epoTted miss' lco.zet were stIll on deck, the sub- boats snaked through Halmahera Is lessly endanger the lives of too many BULLETIN in June 1943, one of our issue and return it to the Editor, in action? 'Iarme submerge?; they. were thro~n land's heavily mined Wasile Bay, other persons. main objectives has been to let our PRISONERS OF ' IV AR BULLETIN, Ameri _ '. Ito the water WIth theIr hands tIed while covering planes held back the prisoners of war tell their own story can Red Cross, Washington 13, D. C. A. Before .p~epanng them for s hind them and without life jackets. Japanese and saved the pilot from Failure of Planes To Return Their names will then be added to a ment,. It IS custon~ary for a C fter some hours one of the men almost certain capture. The pilot'S of conditions, Red Cross services, and The most difficult cases involving"' special Far Eastern mailing list which mandmg officer. m an over anaged to free his hands and to un plane had been caught by a burst of general camp activities through its the rescue of aviation personnel are columns-in letters from the prison will be prepared by the Red Cross theater to ret~m. t~e perso e those of the others. Nearly two ack-ack fire. Bailing out, his para ~ffects. of at;t I~,dlvI~ual for ys later, after h aving been in the chute dropped him in the center of those in which the planes are not ers themselves, in interviews with and will be independent of the next seen to be shot down or to crash but repatriates, in reproductions from of-kin list maintained by the Office holdmg penod, whIch may ater for hours before life rafts could Wasile Bay. The pilot in the J apa ~endb over some ~on~h~ aft.er dropped by planes, 18 of the group nese front yard climbed on a rubber fail to rendezvous after an attack camp newssheets, and in factual re of the Provost Marshal General. has been completed. In such - cases, -The American Red Cross staff, fas een ~epo~e mI~mg ~n . ere miraculously rescued. raft dropped by a Hellcat. Circling ports from neutral inspectors who 0 because it is not known where or had visited the camps and talked with and especially those concerned with d?t;tci 1 ~fl ~ ~1~~ t at ~ ekl Throughout the war the Navy has Navy-planes watched the tiny yellow raft -drift toward the shore lined under what circumstances the plane the men. the publication and distribution of h~~1 ~:se~I Aft~r :~:ay.h~l~i ne to all poss,~bl~ ~en9,ths to effect was lost, search is difficult. Every PRISONERS OF 'VAR BULLETIN, have with J apanese PT boats headed for 'Ve have had several opportuni period" has elapsed, the effe e rescue of mls.smg personnel. possible effort, however, is made. ties recently to talk with returned regarded it as a high privilege to are made read for shi in a nly "~hen the contmuance o~ rescu.e the Bay, planes dropped smoke bombs to hide the pilot; Hellcats Planes search the area where the prisoners, some of whom were frank render this service to the families and are brought bIck to th~F co~n er~tIons would needlessly Impe~II plane is estimated to have gone down_ enough to state that, while in Ger friends of our prisoners of war and when transportation is availab e I.Ives of many others are they. dIS circled in relays in spite of heavy ack-ack fire. The PT's, under con Ships and planes within that area many, they had the feeling that their civilian internees. To the many hun and, in the case of an army flie ntmued. Searches for the pIlots are notified. The search may con dreds who have written us about the stant fire, with Avengers laying a relatives at home were being given delivered to the Effects Quart d -crews of na.vy planes h ave been tinue for several days. The percent a distorted picture of life in German help and guidance which the BUL master, Army Effects Burea ~q~ent. Expenence has proved that smoke screen for them while H ell cats dove on the Japanese guns, final age of rescues in this type of case is, prisoner of war camps, but that LETIN has brought to them in their K a n s a s City QuartermastlatlOn personnel are rescued more however, much lower. when they had carefully read a com anxious days of waiting, our sincere Depot, Kansas City, Missou ten than any other. ly made the rescue. Some twenty-five planes from one plete file r{ PRISONERS OF 'VAR BUL thanks are now expressed. The possibilities of rescue are gov Personal effects of navy fliers al Rescue Operations of our carriers which participated in LETIN after their return they were GILBERT REDFERN forwarded to next of kin in tU erned by many factors. If the sea is satisfied the American Red Cross had EditoT Pacific Area from Personal \l\Thenever planes take off from or rough, the chances of rescue are re the attack on the Japanese fleet at given their families a fair and bal fects Distribution Center U nd on a carner, destroyers stand by duced because of the difficultv in Guam in June of 1944 failed to r e turn, due mostly to fuel shortage. anced picture in words that avoided Naval Supply Depot, Cl~arfi~1 pick up the personnel from any ascertaining the exact location. wInch Practically all of the planes were adding to the heavy load of anxiety Utah, and to those in the Al anes that may crash or that I?ay also depends on the area. For in forced to land in the water. Destroy which the relatives of the men had Ian tic Area from Personal Effe forced to make a water landmg. stance, a plane shot dowri over enemy ers and PBY's rescued the crews of all borne so patiently. Among 100,000 748 Page Street Distribution Center U. S. Nav corting destroyers closely watch all territory occupied by friendly natives San Francisco 17, California Supply Depot, New Yor anes taking off or landing, and, in has a better chance of rescue than a except one plane. men ·there must inevitably be some "Dear Sir: Scoti~, The effects of Marine Cor e event of a crash, proceed at once plane shot down over areas occupied As the fighting draws closer to who will feel that we have erred on I have just returned from the Philip the side of giving the families too pines after 1,135 days' internment under the personnel are handled from t the scene and at~empt to rec~)Ver entirely by the enemy. Experience Japan, the chances of rescue may very much comfort and consolation, and Japs. They took care of us in Camp John same centers as those of navy pe personnel as qUIckly as pOSSIble. has proved that a pilot shot down in well become diminished. Efforts will, perhaps as many others who will con Hay and Camp Holmes (Bag-uio) , and also sonnel. hese destroyers seldom take time combat in the Philippines had an of course, be increased. The rescues at Bilibid prison in Manila. Coast Guard personnel's effec lower a boat for the ~escue w~rk; sider that we have unnecessarily dis It's wonderful to be home again andlwish turbed their relatives by reporting [0 express my sincere thanks to the Ameri are distributed from U. S. Coa!nerally an expert SWImmer dIves that conditions in a certain camp can Red Cross for all you have done for my Guard Headquarter~, Militarer the sid~ to aid those in. the Editor, Prisoners of War Bulletin were bad at the same time that the self and other Americans interned in the Morale Division, 'Vashingtoriter. In thIS way many precIOUS American Red Cross I>hilippines during these past three nigh t men there were writing home "everv D. C. ,es have been saved. 17th and D Sts., N. W. marish years. . Washington 13, D. C. thing here is fine, so don't wor;y One of my most wonderful remembrances There is no way of determinin Whenever a plane is seen to crash about me." is that of ·December 25, 1943-Christmas the length of time that mal making a water landing some dis Will vou please send me the Far Eastern edition Day!-when we in the Baguio camp received This will be the last issue of elapse between the report of misnce from the carrier, planes in the of PRISONERS OF WAR BULLETIN. I am not listed the wonderful food packages and medical ing in action and the receipt htinity circle the spot and at once PRISONERS OF WAR BULLETIN devoted supplies_ Needl ~ to say, it was really a as next of kin of an American prisoner of war. mainly to activities in Europe, but grand Christmas and one I will always re the next of kin of these effec~ ~ ort the position of the crash to beginning in August, the American memher. but it usually requires at least SIlcue units. The circling planes drop (N arne) ______Red Cross will publish a bulletin de The Red Cross has assisted us immeas 1110nths and may take as much ae rafts to those who do not have Please print urably since our liberation also, and-weIl a year. tm. 'Vhenever possible, the planes voted entirely to the Far East, where l just can 't tell you how thankful I am. (Address) ______some 15,000 American prisoners of \¥e are all looking fprward to the libera ------1llain in the area until a rescue ship will ahvays hold a warm spot in my hearrives or until other planes relieve war and civilian internees are still tion of Americans in other war areas, par ticularly those in Hong Kong and Singapore. Most sincerely, tm. The actual rescue from the held by Japan. Many, many thanks aga in, and you may WALTER M. MOORE Iter is generally made by a de- Please print All next of kin of prisoners of war rest assured that the American Red Cross April 1945 'oyer or by a seaplane. Outstand- IG VOL. 3, NO. , ~ will be more difficul t, more spectacu:. lar, but they will still be made. JNDEX Chances of Survival '!\That are the chances that a "miss- ' ing" person' will prove to be a sur TO vivor? A general answer is impossible because the circumstances vary in every case. It is unfortunately true that of the naval personnel reported OF WAR BULLETIN "missing" since Pearl Harbor con siderably more have been determined Volume to be dead than have proved to be alive. This is likely to continue. June-December, 1943 '!\Then a man loses his life on land, his sacrifice is usually disclosed rather Published Monthly by the American Red Cross, Washington, D. C., rapidly by the finding of his body. At sea, hO"iv ever, a man may lose his life for the Relatives of American Prisoners of War and Civilian Internees and leave no evidence of that fact. Therefore, many naval personnel, in fact dead, must be listed as "miss ing." Nea-rly 17,000 officers and men American and British air sent to camps in Taiwan, IV 3 Christmas packages, plans for, I 9 of the Navy carried at one time as men, VI 3 special ordering of, 15-6 contents, VII 1 "missing" are now listed as "killed." number sent, VII 1 From the sthndpoint of percen-t change of, for next of kin, I 12, Booth, Colonel Mary, letter from, to German POWs in U . S., VII 3 ages it is expected that fewer naval 'j VII 12 IV 10 FOl' use OIl the jO"1'Iley h_ personnel will be placed in the "miss I.e r Re:,f;;';~:'s:'etease kits m'e distl'ibuted to America Italian camps, II 7 British Red Cross, reciprocity with, Civilian internees in Shanghai, ing" status than formerly, because of doption, of prisoners, II 11 I 11, III 3, VI 3 III 3 basic facLOrs already discussed. griculture, Dept. of, and supplies exchange of, via Gripsholm, VI 5 Machines, the marvels of modern British POWs, deliveries to, IV Release Kits 1 Jr Liberated Americans procuremen t, II 2 inventive ingenuity, cannot take the on Taiwan, IV 2 Clark, Lieut. Col., letter from, I 10 place of human beings. In the final An urgent request for an addition by women volu;,: eers at the N irmen in Germany, address for, senior American officer, I 8 analysis, manpower will win the wa!" British relief, pilferage of, IV 3 al 50,000 release kits came by cable York Packaging Cenler, were shippc VI 3 Clothing; in capture parcel, III 2 and, for victory, precious personnel late in April from Henry W. Dun Bucharest, Rumania, letter from, from the United States in Febru A.ir forces German camp for, 17 in next-af-kin parcels, II 6 will continue to be lost. The Navy ning, the American R ed Cross rep and March. Of this total, 71,400 we] . I f VII 11 VII 8 is keenly aware of the fact that noth resentative at SHAEF. The cable picture in IRCC warehouse, III 3 shipped to France, . 10,000 to t1J!\'ll~n, La~ry, etter rom, . Bulk supplies, I, 9 ing can compensate for the loss of stated that "the kits are filling a Soviet Union, 9,500 to Italy and 5,ocA.llIed pnsoners, number supplIed provided by Detaining Power, I 3 those dear to us. The countless bil great need." They are distributed to BULLETIN, cannot be sent to prison to Egypt for American prisoners r by ARC, II 2 Clubs, sports, in German camps, IV 5 lions the war is costing in materiel liberated American prisoners of war camps, II 11 seem infinitesimal when we learn of when they reach the assembly cen turning via Russia, and 4,000 to d/A.merican Field Service, volunteer Collective relief section, IRCC, II 3 Burgess, C. S., letter from, VIllI a loved one's death. The American ters preparatory to repatriation, or at Philippines. The additiona! 50,OU ambulance organization, II 7 Communications, see also mail, people are facing the sacrifices war ports oE call on the jOln-ney home. req u~ste:l by ca?le were put 111tO pr'A.ngst Mr. IRCC Asst. Deiegate to VII 8 entails with bravery and fortitude. Abollt 100.000 re l ~ ase kits, packed cluctlOn lmmecl!ately. Jap~n, IV 5 with Far East, VII 5 Arbeitskornmando, I 12, VII 4-5 Cable message, transmission time, Convention, Geneva, Prisoners of see also Work detachments III 11 War, I 2, VII 7, 9 .--______A.rmed Forces Institute, IV 1 Camp designations, Italian, II 7 Corregidor, POWs from, I 11 Prisoners of War Bulletin Camp leader, distributes supplies, U. S. POSTAGE A.rmy and Navy supplies for POWs, Courses of study in German car.lps, JUNE 1945 II7 l%c PAID 15 IV 1 Published by information from, III 11 Philadelphia, Pa. Artificial l~mbs supplied, II 3, III 11 Crutches, provision of, III 11 The American National Red Cross Can openers for food parcels, VIII Permit No. 1513 A.ssembly line, in packaging centers, Currency, special German, VII Washington 13, D. C. I 6 Capture parcel, III 2 picture of, VI 6 Aviators, American, picture of in Cards, for POWs in Italy, III 3 Current Export Bulletin No. 100 Stalagluft III, I 7, IV 4, VI 11 Caritas I, ownership, I 11, II 3 Return Postage Guaranteed BEW, II 6 \ Axis prisoners in U. S., conditions second voyage, I 9 of work, II 9 Categories of prisoners, II 4 Central Agency, IRCC, I 2 picture of, I 3 . DAR aid to RC, VII 3 . Baden-Baden, Americans at, III 9 Change of address, for next of kin, Davis, Norman, foreword to BUL LETIN, I 1 Postmaster-If addressee has removed and new Books, mailing of, VI 4, VII 9 I 12, VII 12 address is known, notify sender on FORM 3547, Day, Flight Sergeant, I 7 postage for which is guaranteed. second-hand for German camps, China, occupied, relief activities in, I 11 I 4 de Blonay, I 12 Delegates, IRCC, see IRCC, Dele- Food, provided by Detaining Power, nag, meaning of, I 12 letter-writing privileges, II 2, VI Officers, pay of POW, in U. S., II 9 general conditions, VII 7 in World War I, VII I gates I 3 see POW camps, German 2, 8, 10 o flag, see PO\V camps, German names, meaning of, I 12 Dental requisites supplied, II 3 items for next-of-kin parcels re Individual relief section, meaning of, I 12 stricted, II 6 Oflag VII B, VI 3, letters from, Information bureau, PMGO, to POWs, see also Communi Orthopedists, committee of, III 11 Devereux, Major, VI 2 11 cations and letters, VII 4, 5, 9, 10 II 12, IV Diplomatic exchange ships, relief Food parcels, aboard Foz do Douro, IRCC, Central Agency for address for airmen, VI 3 Oflag LX AIH, VI 3 supplies carried by, I 4, II 4 I 8 12 addition to, VI II USA section, picture, II 8 censorship of, VII 4 Packages, invalid food, III 1, see also Oflag IX A / Z, VI 3, letters from, Diphtheria in Taiwan camps, IV 2 III 12, II 10, 12, IV 8, II, the for British POWs from U. S:, IRCC, consignee for supplies, German word for, III II parcels and food parcels Distribution of POW supplies, II 2 atricals, III 9 IIIl asst. delegate to Japan, IV 5 in Far East, VII 9 next-of-kin, I 5, VI 12, II 6, VII 6 of relief cargoes in Far East, VI 5 invalid's, III 1 delegate at Hongkong, VI 5 letters from friends, VI 9 picture of shipment, II 6 Oflag XXI B (now designated of relief supplies in Germany, letters from servicemen, VI 9 invalid's, picture of contents, III 1 delegate to Japan, IV 5 standard food, I 9 Oflag 64) , VI 3, 8, letter from, VII 7 not to transit camps, III 11 number packaged at centers, I 6-7 delegate at Shanghai, VI 2, Packaging centerjl, for ARC standard II 10, library, VI 8 Dulag, meaning of, I 12 parcels, individual, II 5 standard (No. 10), contents of, I 9 delegate at Taiwan, IV 2 food parcels, I 6 Oflag 64 (see Oflag XXI B), VI 3 parcels to Far East, VII 9 Dulagluft, see POW camps, German standard, packaging centers for, delegates of, I 3, IV 5 Chicago, Wrigley Co., II 9 clothing, VI 3, food, VI 3, letter meaning of, I 12 I 6, II 9 delegates' visits to camps in route, new, to Far East, II 4 No. 1, Philadelphia, II 5 from, VII 12 Dutch POWs on Taiwan, IV 2 standard, receipts for, I 6-7 War I, III 4, in present in Heito, IV 2 No.3, III 1 Stalag II B, VI 3 for working detachments, I II IV 5, VI 1, 2, 3, VII 4, 5 Malaya, POWs from, in Taiwan, IV 2 output of, IV II Stalag III B, VI II, 12 Foreword, purpose of BULLETIN Map of POW camps, in Europe, part in POW supplies, II 2 Stalag V B, VI 3 picture of conveyor line, I 6 Educational activities of POW, IV 1 Foz do Douro, II 3 Italy, repatriates from, II 7 IV 6-7 Stalag VII A, VI 2, letters from, Educational Books Section, Oxford, picture of, I 8 in Far East, III 6-7 Parcels, see also Packages VII 8, VI 8, II IV I French state railways, II 2 Japan, mail for, VII 5 notes on, III 3, IV 5 capture, III 2 Stalag VII B, letter from, II 10 for United Nations POWs from Egle, Mr. E., IRCC Delegate, VI 2 Fruit cake, to Italy not pe;mitted, Japanese camps, see POW Map of Gripsholm voyage, VI 6-7 Stalag VIII B, lillO, VII 4, letter U . S., II 5 Escape, from Italian camps, VII 3 III II Japanese list of American Marlag, meaning of, I 12 from, III 10 I 4, VI 9 individual, II 5 E~rope, map of POW camps in, Marseille, port for POW supplies, Stalag XX B, letter from, VII II labels, mailing dates, III II IV 6-7 Japanese Red Cross, VI 5 I12 regulations for ordering, II 5 Stalag 383, letter from, VIllI vice president of, VI 5 picture of supplies discharged at, European Student Relief Fund, I 12 Geneva Convention of 1929, VII 7, 9 Stalag Luft I, VII 4 Sec'y General of ~ I 12 rights provided by, I 2 Java, POWs from, in Taiwan, I17 Pay, of Axis POWs in U. S., II 9 Geneva Convention on, VII 9 Stalag Luft Ill, I 7, VI 2, 3, 9, II, Exchange, American and Japanese German camp terms, meaning of, 112 Massey, Group Captain, I 7 rate in Germany, VII 7 VII 4, letters from, I 10, II 10, nationals, IV 3 Glenn, Peter, II 7 Kanangoora, relief ship, I 4 Medical commission, neutral, II 4 IV 8, 10, 11, VI 8, VII 8, picture of civilian internees, Far East, rate in Taiwan, IV 3 Medicine kit, III I I of aviators in, I 7, IV 4 II 4, III II Goodrich, Colonel C. C., USAAF, Kriegsgefangenenpost, rate in Zentsuji, II I VI 3 III II picture of, III 2 of POWs, II 4, VII 6 Pen-pal letters not sent, II 11 POW camps, Italian ships, relief to Far East, I 4 Goudrey, Father, I 8 Kriegsgefangenen-Lagergeld, see Mediterranean route, II 2 designations, II 7 Pestalozzi, Mr., IV 5 Gray, Sergeant, letter from, VII II rency) special Milag, meaning of, I 12 P. G. 21, letters from, I 10, II 10, Greeting cards, VI 3 Missing in action, VII 3 Peter, Dr. Marc, picture, III 4 III 10, VI 8, VII 8, II letter from, before official notice, Camp 59, III 3 Far East, exchange, supplies for, II 4 Gripsholm, IV 3, VI 5 Labels, mailing dates, III II Philippines, messages from, VII 5 financial aid to, III 3 III II P. G. 65, letters from, II 12, cargo, VI 7 parcel, for next of kin, I 5 POWs frbm, in Taiwan, IV 2, I1l1 presumed POW in Far East, I II VII II funds for POWs in, 14 exchange via, II 4 relief to, I 4 mail, I 9 Labor regulations for POWs in Monotony in camps, IV 5 map of voyage of, VI 6-7 mail to and from, I II Camp 66, letter from, VII II mail, Philippines, I II many', III 2 Mormagao, exchange at, IV 3 Morale, VII 7 mail, photographs in, III 9 Lager, meaning of, I 12 Photographs, in POW mail, II II, POW camps, Japanese relief supplies on, IV 3 III 9 _ mail route to, II 4 Fukuoka, VII 5 su pplies from, II I Letters, frequency and receipt of, VIII Hakodate, VII 5 map of prison camps in, UI 6-7 supplies unloaded, VII 1 time, II 11 National Service Life Insurance, II 3 missing in, I II Heito, IV 2 transfer, VI 1 pen-pal, not forwarded, II Navy and Army, supplies for PO\Vs, Pilferage of British relief, IV 3 movement of POWs in, II II Higashi Shinagawa, IV 5, VII 5 I 5 relief to POWS in, I 4 Ploesti raid, captured airmen from, Hiraoka, IV 5 Lisbon-Marseille service for Newspapers, in prison camps, II 2, Hirohata Divisional Labor Camp, repatriation of civilian internees, VII 8 II2 IV 4 VI 10 III II Hamaker, L t. Leonard E., letter Points system in prison camps, supplies for, on Gripsholm, IV 3 from, VII 8 Luftlager, meaning of, I 12 News letter, see Red Cross News Jinsen, IV 5 III 9 Karenko, IV 2 Federal Radio Monitoring system, Hongkong, IRCC Delegate to, VI 5 Next-of-kin packages, I 5 Kawasaki, IV 5 I II POWs from, in Taiwan, IV 2 carried by Gripsholm, VI 5 POW camps, German Keijo, IV 5 Mail, carried by Gripsholm, VI cartons for, VI 12 Dulagluft, VII 7, letters from, Film of POWs in German camps, Hotel Metropole, IRCC Relief Dept., Far East, I 9, 11 Kobe Divisional Camp, VI 10 size of, VII 6 II 12, III 10 VII 5 II 3 Far East, photographs in, Luzon prison camps, VI 8 suggestions for, II 6 nag VII, letter from, I 10 Financial aid for Shanghai internees, Hours, working, for POWs in Ger from home, III 8 Ilag VII, letter from leader, IV 11 Mukden Camp, letter from, VII 11 III 3 many, III 2 imprisonment, delay of, Mail from POWs, II II, VII 1 nag VIII, letter from leader, IV 11 Osaka, VI I, letter from, VIII Fleet, RC for POW shipments, II 2 House, letter from, I 10 in Far East, VII 9 Philippine Military Prison Camp Salvation Army, IV 10 Transit warehouses, IRCC, II 7 No.1, VI 9 Sanitary personnel, exchange of, Transportation of supplies, II 2 Philippine Camp No.2, VII 11 I14 Swiss foundation for, II 3 Shanghai, VI 2, 11, 12 Shinagawa, IV 5 Seasonings, request for, IV 11 Treasury Dept., Procurement Di. Taichu, IV 2 Secombe, Sgt. Major G. T., VII 11 vision, II 2 Taihoku, IV 2 Taiwan (Formosa), IV 2, 3 Shanghai, IRCC Delegate to, VI 2, 5 Tamazato, IV 2 Shikoku (Camp Zentsuji), II 1 Uniforms of POWs in U. S., II 9 Tokyo camps, IV 5 Shimadzu,Prince, VI 5 Umeda Bunsho, VI 10 United Nations POWs, parcels for, Yodogawa Bunsho, VI 'lO Shipping of relief supplies, VII 10 from U. S., II 5 Yokohama, IV 5 Ships, for POW relief, I 11 United States, Axis POWs in, II 9 Zentsu ji, II I, letters from, I 10, neutral, for ARC supplies, II 2 III 10, IV 8, 11, VI 8, VII 8, 11 picture of Caritas I, II 3 University, in German camps, IV 1 POW camp, Rumanian picture of Foz do DOUTO, I 8 Camp Lagarul Prizonieri, No. 2, Special RC parcels, III 1 VII 8 Vallor):>e, transit warehouses at, II 7 Spectacles, II 3 POW information bureau, I 2 Veterans Administration, and life Sports, clubs, IV 5 insurance, II 3 Prayer for POW, II 8 and studies in camps, IV 1 Printed matter forbidden, II 11 Visits to camps by IRCC Delegates, Stalag, see POW camps 17, IV 5, VI 2, 3, VII, VII 4, 5 Procurement of ARC supplies, II 2 meaning of, I 12, III 11 Vittel, letter from, I 10 Procurement Division of Treasury Stalagluft III, general address for and supplies for POW, II 2 airmen, VI 3 Volunteers, in food packaging cen· ters, I 6 Proof of relationship for ordering State Department, in repatriatic..n, in supply procurement, II 2 RC parcels, II 5 III II Protecting Power, I 3 String, articles made with, II 6 and IRCC, III 5 Study, courses of, in camps, IV 1 Wake Island officers, VI 2 Sumatra, POWs from, IV 2 War and Navy Depts., in supply pro curement, II 2 Quinine to Far East, VI 9 Supplies, medical, at . Taiwan, IV 2 picture of, in Swiss station, III 9 War prisoners aid, VI 5 procurement, distribution, and VVarehouse of IRCC, picture of, III 3, transportation of, II 2 Receipts, for food packages, I 6-7 I16 for supplies in camp, II 7 Swapping, in camps, III 9 "Wartime Log," VI 5 Recipes, using items in packages, Swedish Red Cross, I 12 Watches, bought by British POWs, III 9 . Swiss, and IRCC, III 4 II 12 Reciprocity in treatment, II 9 foundation for RC transp9rt, II 3 Work, conditions of, in U. S., II 9 with Britcross, I 11, III 3, VI 3 registry, for supply ships, II 3 ,in Germany, III 2 Red Cross News, VII 10 in Japan, VI 10 payment for, II 1, IV 3, VI 10, Registry of supply ships, II 3 VII 7, 9 Relief cargoes, distribution of, VI 5 Taiwan (Formosa), camps in, IV 2 Philippine prisoners sent to, II 11 Working detachments, I 12, VI 2, Relief Dept, of Central Agency, short-wave broadcast from, I 11 VII 4, see also Arbeitskommandos IRCC, II 3 Tango, II 3 Working parties, food parcels for, Relief supplies, distribution of, VII 7 ~ I 11 Teia Maru, VI 1,5 method of shipping, VII 10 Wrapping, for parcels, I 5 on Gripsholm, IV 3 Textbooks, shipment to Geneva, picture en route, II 7, IV 10, 11 IV 1 Writing paper, sent by Swedish Re, I 12 shipped .to April 30, 1943, I 8 Tharin, Capt. Frank C., VI 2 Repatriates from Germany, VII 7 Tobacco, speOi,al labels for, I 6 Repatriation, from Far East, II 4, Tokyo camps, designation of, IV 5 YMCA, and educational activities, III 11 IV 1 Rights of POW, I 1 Toler, H. P., II 7 furnishes stage, III 9 Robinson, Captain, I 8 Trading in camps, III 9 sends playing cards, III 3 Transfers, from Italy, VII 3 of German-held POWs, VI 3 Yokohama, IV 5 Safe conduct, for relief ships, I 4, of Japanese-held POWs, VII, 2 II2 < Transit camps, mail to, III 11 Sailing ships, for RC supplies, II 3 not permanent address, II 6 Zweiglager, I 12 ~7