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The Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training Foreign Affairs Oral History Project AMBASSADOR CHARLES O. CECIL Interviewed by: Charles Stuart Kennedy Initial interview date: September 7, 2006 Copyright 2010 ADST TABLE OF CONTENTS Background Born in entucky into a military family and raised in various states and Germany University of California, Berkeley Experiment in International Living, Nigeria School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS, US Air Force Entered the Foreign Service in 19.. uwait 0 1otation Officer 19..219.8 Shia community Contacts Commercial reporting Palestinians Ambassador Howard Cottam Arab2Israel Six Day 5ar 1elations Arab Nationalist 6ovement British influence Elections for Assembly uwaiti women April Glaspie 7ounger uwaitis Ira8 political developments 9ohn Conlon 6arriage uwait alcohol policy State Department0 FSI0 Swahili and French language training 19.8219.9 Dar es Salaam, :anzibar (Tanzania,0 Political Officer 19.921971 Embassy Officers Communist Chinese British legacy 1 Government Arab population 1evolutionary Council Abeid Amani arume USAID projects 6edia Local suspicious of US 9ulius Nyerere Social relations 1elations 6edical facilities Environment Housing and food Beirut, Lebanon0 FSI0 Arabic Language Training 197121973 Housing Birth of son Course of study 6iddle East Orientation trips Palestinians 9eddah, Saudi Arabia0 Political/6ilitary Officer 197321975 Interest in Arab 5orld 1iyadh visits US 6ilitary Training Programs Ambassador 9ames Akins Saudi National Guard Saudi 6ilitary organization Social relations Living Environment 1eligious services Security 1ecreation 5ahhabism 5omen AIP visits Sheikh Ahmad :aki 7amani issinger/Akins relations US2Saudi 9oint Economic Commission Arabic Language and Culture Seminar US2educated Saudis Saudi 1oyal Family succession formula Saudi ingBs US visit Disposition of Saudi gifts ing Faisal assassination Columnist 9oseph raft visit 2 State Department0 Saudi Arabian Desk Officer 197521977 Cuadrupling of oil prices NEA Bureau officers US commercial interest Foreign Corrupt Practices Act Saudi students in US 5ork load Coordination with 9oint Economic Commission Ambassador Akins replaced AkinsB expertise Israeli lobby US Ambassador 5illiam Porter US Ambassador 9ohn 5est Saudi Ambassador Ali Alireza State Department0 Africa Bureau0 Foreign 6ilitary Sales 197721979 Countries covered 1elations with Defense Security Assistance Agency (DSAA, Africa orientation trip 6orocco and 5estern Sahara Horn of Africa enya Arms sales Libya Cameroon C2130 sales Congressional Fellows Program 197921980 Program content Orientation Participation in Congressional work Bamako, 6ali0 Public Affairs Officer 198021982 Family President 6oussa Traore Soviet influence Environment Neighbors Ambassador Anne Holloway American studies problem French influence English language instruction United States International Communication Agency (USICA, 6alian School System 1ecognition for US PhD 3 Accrediting issue 1elations with French Local press Aoice of America International Aisitor Program Economy State Department0 FSI0 Deputy Director, Chief of 6ission Course 1982 Bamako, 6ali0 Deputy Chief of 6ission 198221983 Timbuktu Gao visit Algerian plane crash Peace Corps Living conditions 6edical Family Soumana Sako Colonel Amadou Toumani TourF 6uscat, Oman0 Deputy Chief of 6ission 19832198. Ambassador 9ohn Countryman 6uscat under Sultan Caboos Dhofar Province rebellion British presence US versus British influence Embassy composition and staff US military presence Straits of Hormuz Iran Gulf claims Environment Arab2Israel problem Aice President Bush visits Increasing restrictions Peace Corps closed out New embassy building Government Universal suffrage Education Indian community 6edia Ambassador Cranwell 6ontgomery AIP visitors Exchange programs Family Social contacts E 1elations with British Arab Embassies Ibadhi Islam Aisit of Saudi imams Tunis, Tunisia0 FSI0 Director, Arabic Language Studies 198.21988 Comments on course Study material 6ilitary students Use of media Internal phone system Scientific linguistBs role Foreign Service needs Family State DepartmentG Bureau of Oceans, Environment and Scientific Affairs (OES, 19882 1990 Deputy Director, Ecology, Health and Conservation (EHC, Office organization International organizations Global warming Environment issues and organizations Civil Service 5hite House interest Enterprise for the Americas Initiative Congressional interest Debt for Nature swaps Non2Government Organizations (NGOs, Deforestation Senator Al Gore International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural 1esources (IUCN, Environmental Protection Agency Latin America Government Agencies State Department0 OES Bureau0 Preparer of Proposals for US 199021992 Delegation to the IUCN Chief of US delegation to IUCN 1990 meeting Debt for Nature Swap Initiative Latin America bilateral agreements Congressional authorization Obstructionists Enterprise for Americas Initiative Environmental Organization 5 Abidjan, Ivory Coast0 Deputy Chief of 6ission 199221995 Ambassador Hume Horan President Felix Houphouet2Boigny Agriculture Catholicism Islam French presence Commerce Expatriate communities Peace Corps Embassy composition Liberia evacuation American commercial presence 1egional functions 1elations with French Embassy 1esponsibilities of DC6 Economy Environment Political parties Henri onan2Bedie Alassane Ouattara Oil AIP visitors 6uslim/Christian population 9immy Carter visit State Department0 Freedom of Information Officer 1995 State Department0 Second Deputy Director, Francophone Africa 1995 Niger military coup Ambassador to Niger 199.21999 Circumstances of appointment USAID Embassy organization 1eligious and non2Government Organizations Tuaregs US policy United Nations issues History of coups 1eligion Peace Corps National Democratic Institute Labor Federations 5omen in Politics Program President Bare assassination . President Tandja 6amadou Environment Poverty Security State Department0 Board of Examiners 199922001 Oran examination process Comments on Foreign Service recruitment 1etirement 2001 State Department0 5hen Actually Employed (5AE, 2001 Board of Examiners Post 1etirement Activities 20012200. Libya Lockerbie Pan Am 103 bombing case Libya announced dismantling weapons programs US opens Tripoli Liaison Office under Belgium flag Tripoli, Libya0 US Liaison Officer in LibyaG ChargF dBAffaires 200.22007 David 5elch 5hen Actually Employed (5AE, explained Embassy housing Foreign Embassies Background information on Embassy 6uammar Cadhafi Curtailment of Personnel Police State Harassment General environment US owned property Constant surveillance Contact with public Tourism Aisas Security Libyan students in US Universities Trilateral Security Commission (TSCC, Chemical weapons disposal Libyan demands Nuclear medicine center Bulgarian nursesB trial Baylor University and Benghazi Hospital 7 Aisit to Sofia French involvement in nursesB case 5ho will succeed CadhafiH Central Africa Peace Accord Public attitude towards regime La Belle Discothe8ue bombing Libyan al2Caeda members Ambassador Gene Cretz INTERVIEW Q: Today is the 7th of September 2006. This is an interview with Charles O. Cecil. (hat does the )O* stand for? CECIL0 Oliver. Q: And you go by Chuc,. CECIL0 1ight. Q: This is being done on behalf of the Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training, and I-m Charles Stuart Kennedy. Chuc,, let-s start at the beginning. (hen and where were you born? CECIL0 I was born in Owensboro, entucky in 19E0. Q: Can you tell me something about your family? Let-s start with your father-s side, the Cecil side. (hat do you ,now about them? CECIL0 6y father was a railroad man who worked for the Illinois Central 1ailroad as did his father and several of his uncles, his fatherBs brothers. They were a entucky family. They had been there since the late 1700Bs. I know that myJif I get the number of greats correctJgreat, great, great, great grandfather migrated from 6aryland, from St. 6aryBs County, 6aryland, to entucky in 1785. They were part of a group of .5 Catholic families that had settled in 6aryland. 6y family came in the late 1.00Bs, early 1700Bs, something like that. They were English Catholics, and they were looking for religious freedom, so they came to 6aryland. After three or four generations there, they migrated to entucky in 1785, and thatBs where the family stayed, and thatBs where I was born. Q: (here you came from in Kentuc,y, was this one of those Kentuc,y places with the mountaineers and all that? (as this part of that, or was it a different area of Kentuc,y? CECIL0 Owensboro is one of the larger cities of entucky, probably about third, I suppose, in size. LouisvilleBs obviously the largest. OwensboroBs on the Ohio 1iver. I 8 lived there until I was about eight years old, and although IBve made a few visits back since then, I have no family there now, so IBm no longer really current. 6y father and his part of the family were from a little bit farther east, south of Louisville. All those 6aryland Catholic families settled in an area roughly 50 miles or maybe 75 miles southeast of Louisville, entucky. ItBs not mountain country. TheyBre not hill people. They were farmers until the mid21800Bs, and then they went into education. Four of my ancestors, four brothers, one of whom would be my great2great2great grandfather, established a boys schoolJa Catholic boys schoolJin a little town called Cecilia, entucky, which is a few miles from Elizabethtown. Q: (as Cecilia named after Cecil? CECIL0 7es,
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