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A the Hacker
A The Hacker Madame Curie once said “En science, nous devons nous int´eresser aux choses, non aux personnes [In science, we should be interested in things, not in people].” Things, however, have since changed, and today we have to be interested not just in the facts of computer security and crime, but in the people who perpetrate these acts. Hence this discussion of hackers. Over the centuries, the term “hacker” has referred to various activities. We are familiar with usages such as “a carpenter hacking wood with an ax” and “a butcher hacking meat with a cleaver,” but it seems that the modern, computer-related form of this term originated in the many pranks and practi- cal jokes perpetrated by students at MIT in the 1960s. As an example of the many meanings assigned to this term, see [Schneier 04] which, among much other information, explains why Galileo was a hacker but Aristotle wasn’t. A hack is a person lacking talent or ability, as in a “hack writer.” Hack as a verb is used in contexts such as “hack the media,” “hack your brain,” and “hack your reputation.” Recently, it has also come to mean either a kludge, or the opposite of a kludge, as in a clever or elegant solution to a difficult problem. A hack also means a simple but often inelegant solution or technique. The following tentative definitions are quoted from the jargon file ([jargon 04], edited by Eric S. Raymond): 1. A person who enjoys exploring the details of programmable systems and how to stretch their capabilities, as opposed to most users, who prefer to learn only the minimum necessary. -
Symantec Report on Rogue Security Software July 08 – June 09
REPORT: SYMANTEC ENTERPRISE SECURITY SYMANTEC REPORT: Symantec Report on Rogue Security Software July 08 – June 09 Published October 2009 Confidence in a connected world. White Paper: Symantec Enterprise Security Symantec Report on Rogue Security Software July 08 – June 09 Contents Introduction . 1 Overview of Rogue Security Software. 2 Risks . 4 Advertising methods . 7 Installation techniques . 9 Legal actions and noteworthy scam convictions . 14 Prevalence of Rogue Security Software . 17 Top reported rogue security software. 17 Additional noteworthy rogue security software samples . 25 Top rogue security software by region . 28 Top rogue security software installation methods . 29 Top rogue security software advertising methods . 30 Analysis of Rogue Security Software Distribution . 32 Analysis of Rogue Security Software Servers . 36 Appendix A: Protection and Mitigation. 45 Appendix B: Methodologies. 48 Credits . 50 Symantec Report on Rogue Security Software July 08 – June 09 Introduction The Symantec Report on Rogue Security Software is an in-depth analysis of rogue security software programs. This includes an overview of how these programs work and how they affect users, including their risk implications, various distribution methods, and innovative attack vectors. It includes a brief discussion of some of the more noteworthy scams, as well as an analysis of the prevalence of rogue security software globally. It also includes a discussion on a number of servers that Symantec observed hosting these misleading applications. Except where otherwise noted, the period of observation for this report was from July 1, 2008, to June 30, 2009. Symantec has established some of the most comprehensive sources of Internet threat data in the world through the Symantec™ Global Intelligence Network. -
Watch out for Fake Virus Alerts
State of West Virginia Cyber Security Tip ALERT West Virginia Office of Information Security and Controls – Jim Richards, WV Chief Information Security Officer WATCH OUT FOR FAKE VIRUS ALERTS Rogue security software, also known as "scareware," is software that appears to be beneficial from a security perspective (i.e. free virus scan) but provides limited or no security, generates erroneous or misleading alerts, or attempts to lure users into participating in fraudulent transactions. How does rogue security software get on my computer? Rogue security software designers create legitimate looking pop-up windows that advertise security update software. These windows might appear on your screen while you surf the web. The "updates" or "alerts" in the pop-up windows call for you to take some sort of action, such as clicking to install the software, accept recommended updates, or remove unwanted viruses or spyware. When you click, the rogue security software downloads to your computer. Rogue security software might also appear in the list of search results when you are searching for trustworthy antispyware software, so it is important to protect your computer. What does rogue security software do? Rogue security software might report a virus, even though your computer is actually clean. The software might also fail to report viruses when your computer is infected. Inversely, sometimes, when you download rogue security software, it will install a virus or other malicious software on your computer so that the software has something to detect. Some rogue security software might also: Lure you into a fraudulent transaction (for example, upgrading to a non-existent paid version of a program). -
Diapositiva 1
Feliciano Intini Responsabile dei programmi di Sicurezza e Privacy di Microsoft Italia • NonSoloSecurity Blog: http://blogs.technet.com/feliciano_intini • Twitter: http://twitter.com/felicianointini 1. Introduction - Microsoft Security Intelligence Report (SIR) 2. Today‘s Threats - SIR v.8 New Findings – Italy view 3. Advancements in Software Protection and Development 4. What the Users and Industry Can Do The 8th volume of the Security Intelligence Report contains data and intelligence from the past several years, but focuses on the second half of 2009 (2H09) Full document covers Malicious Software & Potentially Unwanted Software Email, Spam & Phishing Threats Focus sections on: Malware and signed code Threat combinations Malicious Web sites Software Vulnerability Exploits Browser-based exploits Office document exploits Drive-by download attacks Security and privacy breaches Software Vulnerability Disclosures Microsoft Security Bulletins Exploitability Index Usage trends for Windows Update and Microsoft Update Microsoft Malware Protection Center (MMPC) Microsoft Security Response Center (MSRC) Microsoft Security Engineering Center (MSEC) Guidance, advice and strategies Detailed strategies, mitigations and countermeasures Fully revised and updated Guidance on protecting networks, systems and people Microsoft IT ‗real world‘ experience How Microsoft IT secures Microsoft Malware patterns around the world with deep-dive content on 26 countries and regions Data sources Malicious Software and Potentially Unwanted Software MSRT has a user base -
Proposal of N-Gram Based Algorithm for Malware Classification
SECURWARE 2011 : The Fifth International Conference on Emerging Security Information, Systems and Technologies Proposal of n-gram Based Algorithm for Malware Classification Abdurrahman Pektaş Mehmet Eriş Tankut Acarman The Scientific and Technological The Scientific and Technological Computer Engineering Dept. Research Council of Turkey Research Council of Turkey Galatasaray University National Research Institute of National Research Institute of Istanbul, Turkey Electronics and Cryptology Electronics and Cryptology e-mail:[email protected] Gebze, Turkey Gebze, Turkey e-mail:[email protected] e-mail:[email protected] Abstract— Obfuscation techniques degrade the n-gram malware used by the previous work. Similar methodologies features of binary form of the malware. In this study, have been used in source authorship, information retrieval methodology to classify malware instances by using n-gram and natural language processing [5], [6]. features of its disassembled code is presented. The presented The first known use of machine learning in malware statistical method uses the n-gram features of the malware to detection is presented by the work of Tesauro et al. in [7]. classify its instance with respect to their families. n-gram is a fixed size sliding window of byte array, where n is the size of This detection algorithm was successfully implemented in the window. The contribution of the presented method is IBM’s antivirus scanner. They used 3-grams as a feature set capability of using only one vector to represent malware and neural networks as a classification model. When the 3- subfamily which is called subfamily centroid. Using only one grams parameter is selected, the number of all n-gram vector for classification simply reduces the dimension of the n- features becomes 2563, which leads to some spacing gram space. -
Gone Rogue: an Analysis of Rogue Security Software Campaigns (Invited Paper)
Gone Rogue: An Analysis of Rogue Security Software Campaigns (Invited Paper) Marco Cova∗, Corrado Leitay, Olivier Thonnardz, Angelos Keromytisy and Marc Daciery ∗University of California, Santa Barbara, [email protected] ySymantec Research Labs, fCorrado Leita,Angelos Keromytis,Marc [email protected] zRoyal Military Academy, Belgium, [email protected] Abstract technique consists of attracting victims on malicious web sites that exploit vulnerabilities in the client In the past few years, Internet miscreants have software (typically, the browser or one of its plugins) developed a number of techniques to defraud and to download and install the rogue programs without make a hefty profit out of their unsuspecting victims. any user intervention. A troubling, recent example of this trend is cyber- Rogue AV programs are distributed by cyber- criminals distributing rogue security software, that is criminals to generate a financial profit. In fact, after malicious programs that, by pretending to be legitimate the initial infection, victims are typically tricked into security tools (e.g., anti-virus or anti-spyware), deceive paying for additional tools or services (e.g., to upgrade users into paying a substantial amount of money in to the full version of the program or to subscribe to an exchange for little or no protection. update mechanism), which are most often fictitious or While the technical and economical aspects of rogue completely ineffective. The cost of these scams range security software (e.g., its distribution and monetiza- from $30–$100. tion mechanisms) are relatively well-understood, much Despite its reliance on traditional and relatively less is known about the campaigns through which this unsophisticated techniques, rogue AV has emerged as type of malware is distributed, that is what are the un- a major security threat, in terms of the size of the derlying techniques and coordinated efforts employed affected population (Symantec’s sensors alone reported by cyber-criminals to spread their malware. -
Download Slides
Scott Wu Point in time cleaning vs. RTP MSRT vs. Microsoft Security Essentials Threat events & impacts More on MSRT / Security Essentials MSRT Microsoft Windows Malicious Software Removal Tool Deployed to Windows Update, etc. monthly since 2005 On-demand scan on prevalent malware Microsoft Security Essentials Full AV RTP Inception in Oct 2009 RTP is the solution One-off cleaner has its role Quiikck response Workaround Baseline ecosystem cleaning Industrypy response & collaboration Threat Events Worms (some are bots) have longer lifespans Rogues move on quicker MarMar 2010 2010 Apr Apr 2010 2010 May May 2010 2010 Jun Jun 2010 2010 Jul Jul 2010 2010 Aug Aug 2010 2010 1,237,15 FrethogFrethog 979,427 979,427 Frethog Frethog 880,246880,246 Frethog Frethog465,351 TaterfTaterf 5 1,237,155Taterf Taterf 797,935797,935 TaterfTaterf 451,561451,561 TaterfTaterf 497,582 497,582 Taterf Taterf 393,729393,729 Taterf Taterf447,849 FrethogFrethog 535,627535,627 AlureonAlureon 493,150 493,150 AlureonAlureon 436,566 436,566 RimecudRimecud 371,646 371,646 Alureon Alureon 308,673308,673 Alureon Alureon 441,722 RimecudRimecud 341,778341,778 FrethogFrethog 473,996473,996 BubnixBubnix 348,120 348,120 HamweqHamweq 289,603 289,603 Rimecud Rimecud289,629 289,629 Rimecud Rimecud318,041 AlureonAlureon 292,810 292,810 BubnixBubnix 471,243 471,243 RimecudRimecud 287,942287,942 ConfickerConficker 286,091286, 091 Hamwe Hamweqq 250,286250, 286 Conficker Conficker220,475220, 475 ConfickerConficker 237237,348, 348 RimecudRimecud 280280,440, 440 VobfusVobfus 251251,335, 335 -
Classification of Malware Models Akriti Sethi San Jose State University
San Jose State University SJSU ScholarWorks Master's Projects Master's Theses and Graduate Research Spring 5-20-2019 Classification of Malware Models Akriti Sethi San Jose State University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/etd_projects Part of the Artificial Intelligence and Robotics Commons, and the Information Security Commons Recommended Citation Sethi, Akriti, "Classification of Malware Models" (2019). Master's Projects. 703. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31979/etd.mrqp-sur9 https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/etd_projects/703 This Master's Project is brought to you for free and open access by the Master's Theses and Graduate Research at SJSU ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master's Projects by an authorized administrator of SJSU ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Classification of Malware Models A Project Presented to The Faculty of the Department of Computer Science San José State University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science by Akriti Sethi May 2019 © 2019 Akriti Sethi ALL RIGHTS RESERVED The Designated Project Committee Approves the Project Titled Classification of Malware Models by Akriti Sethi APPROVED FOR THE DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE SAN JOSÉ STATE UNIVERSITY May 2019 Dr. Mark Stamp Department of Computer Science Dr. Thomas Austin Department of Computer Science Dr. Philip Heller Department of Computer Science ABSTRACT Classification of Malware Models by Akriti Sethi Automatically classifying similar malware families is a challenging problem. In this research, we attempt to classify malware families by applying machine learning to machine learning models. Specifically, we train hidden Markov models (HMM) for each malware family in our dataset. -
|||FREE||| Meltdown
MELTDOWN FREE DOWNLOAD Robert Rigby,Andy McNab | 304 pages | 01 May 2008 | Random House Children's Publishers UK | 9780552552240 | English | London, United Kingdom Meltdown and Spectre Most certainly, yes. Eee-o eleven Meltdown and Spectre Vulnerabilities in Meltdown computers leak passwords and sensitive data. Meltdown could Meltdown impact a wider Meltdown of computers than presently identified, as there is little to no variation in the microprocessor families used by Meltdown computers. Help Learn to edit Community portal Recent changes Upload file. In fact, the safety checks of said best practices actually increase the attack surface and may make applications more susceptible to Spectre. What can be leaked? Vox Media, Inc. We would Meltdown to thank Intel for awarding us with a bug bounty for the responsible disclosure process, and their professional handling of this issue through communicating a clear timeline and connecting all involved researchers. Mitigation of the vulnerability requires changes to operating Meltdown kernel code, including increased isolation of kernel memory from user-mode Meltdown. DarkSeoul CryptoLocker. Send us feedback. Life - reality at large- becomes overwhelming. Rush B Cyka Meltdown Play the game. Meltdown Note. Logos are designed by Natascha Eibl. Who reported Spectre? English Language Learners Definition of meltdown. Cloud providers Meltdown users to execute programs on the same physical servers where sensitive data might be stored, and rely Meltdown safeguards provided by the Meltdown to prevent unauthorized access to the privileged memory locations where that data is stored, a feature that the Meltdown exploit circumvents. Categories Meltdown Computer security exploits Hardware bugs Intel x86 microprocessors Side-channel attacks Speculative execution security vulnerabilities in computing X86 architecture X86 memory management. -
Prof.Islam-Social Engineering
Project Title: Distributed and Cloud-based Network Defense System for NRENs (DCNDS) Series 2 Workshop (20-21 November, 2019) Botnet Mitigation Best Practices and System Evaluation Workshop Social Engineering and Botnet Proliferation by Md. Saiful Islam Institute of Information and Communication Technology Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology 2 Outline • Security & human factor in security • Social Engineering (SE) • Threat actors using social engineering • Characteristics of social engineer • Basic tendencies of human nature • SE categories & SE cycle • SE attack vectors: tailgating, impersonating, phishing etc. • Attack tools of an social engineer • Why do cybercriminals use botnet attacks? • Botnet defense- best practices 3 Security? • Security can be defined as - “The state of being free from danger or threat” . Security is all about knowing who and what to trust. It is important to know when and when not to take a person at their word and when the person you are communicating with & what they say who they are. 4 Security’s weakest link ? A company may have purchased – - The best security technologies that money can buy, - Trained their people so well that they lock up all their secrets before going home at night, and - Hired building guards from the best security firm in the business. That company is still totally vulnerable. 5 Security’s weakest link ? An Individuals may follow: - Every best-security practice recommended by the experts, - Slavishly install every recommended security products, - Be thoroughly vigilant about proper system configuration and - Apply various security patches regularly. Those individuals are still completely vulnerable . 6 Human Factor: Security’s weakest link • Anyone who thinks that security products alone offer true security is settling for the illusion of security. -
The Evolution of TDL: Conquering X64
The Evolution of TDL: Conquering x64 Revision 1.1 Eugene Rodionov, Malware Researcher Aleksandr Matrosov, Senior Malware Researcher 2 2 CONTENTS 3 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................................................... 4 1 INVESTIGATION ............................................................................................................................................. 5 1.1 GANGSTABUCKS ............................................................................................................................................... 6 2 INSTALLATION ............................................................................................................................................. 11 2.1 INFECTING X86 SYSTEMS .................................................................................................................................. 11 2.2 INFECTING X64 SYSTEMS .................................................................................................................................. 13 2.3 THE DROPPER’S PAYLOAD ................................................................................................................................ 14 2.4 COMPARISON WITH TDL3/TDL3+..................................................................................................................... 15 3 THE BOT ..................................................................................................................................................... -
What Are Kernel-Mode Rootkits?
www.it-ebooks.info Hacking Exposed™ Malware & Rootkits Reviews “Accessible but not dumbed-down, this latest addition to the Hacking Exposed series is a stellar example of why this series remains one of the best-selling security franchises out there. System administrators and Average Joe computer users alike need to come to grips with the sophistication and stealth of modern malware, and this book calmly and clearly explains the threat.” —Brian Krebs, Reporter for The Washington Post and author of the Security Fix Blog “A harrowing guide to where the bad guys hide, and how you can find them.” —Dan Kaminsky, Director of Penetration Testing, IOActive, Inc. “The authors tackle malware, a deep and diverse issue in computer security, with common terms and relevant examples. Malware is a cold deadly tool in hacking; the authors address it openly, showing its capabilities with direct technical insight. The result is a good read that moves quickly, filling in the gaps even for the knowledgeable reader.” —Christopher Jordan, VP, Threat Intelligence, McAfee; Principal Investigator to DHS Botnet Research “Remember the end-of-semester review sessions where the instructor would go over everything from the whole term in just enough detail so you would understand all the key points, but also leave you with enough references to dig deeper where you wanted? Hacking Exposed Malware & Rootkits resembles this! A top-notch reference for novices and security professionals alike, this book provides just enough detail to explain the topics being presented, but not too much to dissuade those new to security.” —LTC Ron Dodge, U.S.