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NOTES an Updated Checklist of the Discomycetes for the Dominican Republic and the Caribbean Region

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NOTES an Updated Checklist of the Discomycetes for the Dominican Republic and the Caribbean Region NOTES Caribbean Journal of Science, Vol. 40, No. 1, 139-144, 2004 Copyright 2004 College of Arts and Sciences andt et al. 2001; Korf 1973; Pfister & Kim- University of Puerto Rico, Mayagu¨ez brough 2000). Boudier (1885) made the first distinction between the two larger groups An Updated Checklist of the of discomycetes based on the presence or absence of an operculum (a lid) at the ascus Discomycetes for the Dominican tip. In recognition of this difference in ascus Republic and the dehiscence, he proposed two large sections, Caribbean Region the operculatae and inoperculatae disco- mycetes. In the operculate discomycetes SHARON A. CANTRELL1*, TERESA ITUR- there is a single order -Pezizales. There are RIAGA2 AND DONALD H. PFISTER31Science & five commonly accepted orders in the non- Technology, Universidad del Turabo, P. O. Box lichenized inoperculate discomycetes: Cyt- 3030, Gurabo, P. R. 00778, USA, 2Universidad tariales (not represented in the Caribbean Simo´n Bolivar, Apartado 89000, Sartenejas, region and restricted to the Southern Hemi- Baruta, Edo. Miranda, Venezuela, 3Harvard sphere), Helotiales, Leotiales, Ostropales, University Herbaria, 22 Divinity Ave., and Rhytismatales (Hawksworth et al. Cambridge, MA 02138, USA *Corresponding 1995; Korf pers. comm.; Korf & Lizonˇ 2000). author e-mail: [email protected] Pfister and Kimbrough (2000) recognize several other orders. The Dominican Republic is part of the ABSTRACT.—An expedition to the Dominican Re- public to survey discomycetes was conducted in Greater Antilles in the insular Caribbean January 2002. In this expedition, 111 discomycete and is considered one of the biodiversity samples were collected: 22 Pezizales, 81 Helotiales, 6 “hotspots” of the world (Myers et al. 2000). Ostropales and 2 Rhytismatales. This field trip In this region the discomycetes have been added 39 new reports for the Dominican Republic. poorly studied, particularly the inopercu- To date, 79 species of discomycetes are known in the late discomycetes. Early works of Hispani- Dominican Republic in the following orders: 34 Pe- ola include Berkeley (1852), Ciferri (1929) zizales, 42 Helotiales, 2 Ostropales and 1 Rhytisma- tales. The great majority (87%) of these species are and Benjamin & Slot (1969). Pfister (1974) our new reports for the Dominican Republic and prepared a checklist of 70 species of Peziza- about 38% are new for the Greater Antilles and the les for the Caribbean area. Other works and Caribbean region. Most of the species of discomyce- the number of species reported in the lit- tes known in the Dominican Republic are of tropical erature for the Greater Antilles are summa- origin. Some of the reports are discomycete species rized in Table 1. from north temperate regions: Morchella, Gyromitra, The senior author has collected discomy- Helvella, Pseudoplectania nigrella, Plectania melas- cetes in the Dominican Republic sporadi- toma, Leotia viscose, Podophacidium xanthomelum and Lachnum virgineum. Based on our work from cally for the past 6 years. In January 2002, Dominican Republic, we can conservatively predict the authors conducted a field trip to the 20% of the material collected should represent new Dominican Republic, in which, 111 disco- records and new taxa. mycete samples were collected: 22 Peziza- les, 81 Helotiales, 6 Ostropales and 2 Rhyt- KEYWORDS.—Pezizales, Helotiales, Ostopales, Rhyt- ismatales. These recent collections are ismatales deposited in the Herbarium of the Jardı´n Bota´nico Nacional de Santo Domingo and Ascomycota with apothecial ascomata, in the Farlow Herbarium of Harvard Uni- the discomycetes, are commonly referred to versity. To date, 79 species of discomycetes as the cup-fungi. This fruit body shape was are known in the Dominican Republic in traditionally used to group species into or- the following orders: 34 Pezizales, 42 Helo- ders and families but recent molecular phy- tiales, 2 Ostropales and 1 Rhytismatales logenies show discomycetes are a highly (Table 2). The great majority (87%) of these diverse group (Cantrell 1996; Eriksson & species are our new reports for the Domini- Winka 1997; Gargas & Taylor 1995; Gern- can Republic and about 38% are new for 139 140 NOTES TABLE 1. List of species for the Greater Antilles based on the literature. Reference Pezizales Helotiales Rhytismatales Ostropales Berkeley (1852), Dominican Republic 2 Berkeley & Curtis (1868), Cuba 19 30 13 5 Seaver (1925), Puerto Rico 11 9 Ciferri (1929), Dominican Republic 8 Dennis (1954a), All Greater Antilles 32 Dennis (1954b), Jamaica 7 Benjamin & Slot (1969), Haiti 1 2 1 Pfister (1974), Caribbean Area 70 Stevenson (1975), Puerto Rico 30 18 4 3 Minter et al. (2001), Caribbean Area 117 171 28 451 the Greater Antilles and the Caribbean re- species of Morchella have been reported in gion. There were no previous reports of the neotropics at high elevations in Mexico, members of the Helotiales for the Domini- Guatemala, Costa Rica, Argentina, Cuba can Republic; thus, all species listed in and Venezuela (Gomez 1971; Guariglia Table 2 in the Helotiales are new, and of 1987; Guzman et al. 1985). In the same habi- these 17% are apparently new species. tat Gyromitra esculenta (Pers.) Fr., G. infula Seven species were previously reported (Schaeff.:Fr.) Que´l., and Helvella macropus within the Pezizales by Pfister (1974), these (Pers.:Fr.) P. Karst. were also collected. We are: Ascobolus scatigenus (Berk. & M. A. Cur- encountered a large number of fruiting tis) Brumm., Cheilymenia coprinaria (Cooke) bodies of Pseudoplectania nigrella (Pers.:Fr.) Boud., Cookeina speciosa (Fr.:Fr.) Dennis,C. Fuckel, a montane species growing on litter tricholoma (Mont.) O. Kuntze, Coprobia among mosses in coniferous forests. This is granulata (Bull.: Fr.) Boud., Phillipsia domin- the second report of this species in the Car- gensis (Berk.) Berk. and Saccobolus glaber ibbean; previously reported from the Blue (Pers.:Pers.) Lambotte. Seventy-six percent Mts. of Jamaica (Seaver 1951; Pfister 1974). of the species found in the Dominican Re- Plectania melastoma (Sowerby:Fr.) Fuckel, a public have a tropical distribution. Cookeina very common species in North America, and Phillipsia are two genera that are tropi- was collected once in the pine forest in the cal in origin. An interesting finding is our Dominican Republic. Another interesting collection of Sarcoscypha javensis Ho¨hn., a collection was a beautiful dark-green Pe- pantropical species originally reported ziza, which was found fruiting abundantly from Java and used by Harrington (1998) to on buried rotten wood in a ravine sur- study the phylogenetic relationship in the rounded by pine and fern forest in the Cen- genus Sarcoscypha. Some of the more com- tral Mountain range near Valle Nuevo in mon and interesting discomycetes are the Dominican Republic. This Peziza might shown in Figures 1-10. represent a new species. Some reported species new to the Car- In respect to the orders Leotiales and He- ibbean region are discomycetes species that lotiales we found similar distributional pat- are common in north temperate regions terns. The genus Leotia is very common in (24%) (Baroni et al. 1997). From the Peziza- northeastern North America, where L. lu- les we have collected representatives of brica Pers. is the most frequently observed several genera that are primarily known species. Our collections of L. viscosa Fr. are from north temperate regions. All these the first report of this genus in the insular species were found under an endemic pine Caribbean (Baroni et al. 1997). Another sur- forest of Pinus occidentalis Schwartz at ca. prising finding was Podophacidium xanthom- 2000-2500 m. Two collections of a Morchella elum (Pers.) Kavina, a rare species from sp. near the M. elata Fr. complex probably northern North America and Europe. This represent a new species based on molecular species was fruiting abundantly in the en- results (O’Donnell, pers. comm.). Other demic pine forests in the Central Mountain NOTES 141 TABLE 2. List of species for the Dominican Republic Order Pezizales Acervus flavidus (Berk. & M. A. Curtis) Pfister Kompsoscypha sp.# Ascobolus scatigenus (Berk. & M. A. Curtis) Pachyella babingtonii (Berk.) Boud.# Brumm.* Peziza cf. repanda Per.: Fr. Cheilymenia coprinaria (Cooke) Boud.* Peziza sp. nov. Cheilymenia theleboloides (Alb. & Schwein.: Fr.) Phillipsia cf. hartmannii (W. Phillips in Cooke) Rifai Boud. Phillipsia crispata Berk. & M. A. Curtis Cookeina speciosa (Fr.:Fr.) Dennis** Phillipsia domingensis (Berk.) Berk.* Cookeina tricholoma (Mont.) O. Kuntze* Plectania melastoma (Sowerby:Fr.) Fuckel# Cookeina venezuelae (Berk. & M. A. Curtis) Le Gal Plectania rhytidia (Berk.) Nannf. & Korf Coprobia granulata (Bull.: Fr.) Boud.* Pseudoplectania nigrella (Pers.: Fr.) Fuckel Coprobia striata (K. S. Thind, E. K. Cash & Pr. Pulvinula cf. convexella (P. Karst.) Pfister# Singh) Waraith Pulvinula globifera (Berk. & M. A. Curtis) Le Gal Geopora septulta (Fr.) Korf & Burds.# Saccobolus glaber (Pers.:Pers.) Lambotte* Gyromitra esculenta (Pers.) Fr.# Sarcoscypha javensis Ho¨hn.# Gyromitra infula (Schaeff.:Fr.) Que´l.# Scutellinia balansae (Speg.) Gamundi Helvella cf. atra Holmsk.:Fr. Scutellinia cubensis (Berk. & M. A. Curtis) Gamundi Helvella macropus (Pers.:Fr.) P. Karst.# Scutellinia jungnerii (Henn.) Clem. Humaria hemisphaerica (F. H. Wiggers:Fr.) Fuckel# Sphaerosporella brunnea (Alb. & Schwein.:Fr.) Morchella cf. elata Fr.# Svrc˘ja & Kubicˇka# Order Helotiales Arachnopeziza sp.# Lachnum sp. nov. 1 Ascocoryne sarcoides (Jacq.) J. W. Groves & D.
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