DOCSLIB.ORG

08-1521 Amicus-Anti-Defamation.Pdf

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
08-1521 Amicus-Anti-Defamation.Pdf No. 08-1521 IN THE OTIS McDONALD, et al., Petitioners, CITY OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, et al., Respondents. ON WRIT OF CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES C()URT OF APPEALS FOR THE SEVENTH CIRCUIT BRIEF OF AMICUS CURIAE ANTI-DEFAMATION LEAGUE IN SUPPORT OF RESPONDENTS MARTIN E. KARLINSKY LEONARD M. NIEHOFF BUTZEL LONG, Counsel of Record A PROFESSIONAL CORPORATION CHRISTOPHER M. TAYLOR 380 Madison Avenue, 22nd Floor BUTZEL LONG, New York, New York 10017 A PROFESSIONAL CORPORATION (212) 323-8606 350 S. Main Street, Suite 300 Ann Arbor, Michigan 48104 (734) 213-3625 MARK S. FINKELSTEIN STEVEN M. FREEMAN STEVEN C. SHEINBERG DEBORAH C. BENSINGER ANTI-DEFAMATION LEAGUE 605 Third Avenue New York, New York 10158 (212) 885-7700 Attorneys.for Amicus Curiae Anti-Defamation League E.lank Page TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF AUTHORITIES ...................................... iii INTEREST OF AMICUS CURIAE ............................ 1 SUMMARY OF ARGUMENT ..................................... 5 ARGUMENT ............................................................... 6 I. VIOLENT EXTREMISTS AND EXTREMIST GROUPS POSE A SERIOUS THREAT IN THE UNITED STATES ....................................................... 6 Richard Baumhammers ......................................... 6 Wade and Christopher Lay .................................... 7 James Von Brunn .................................................. 8 II. THE COURT’S DECISION SHOULD TAKE INTO ACCOUNT THE SPECIAL THREAT POSED BY EXTREMISTS AND EXTREMIST GROUPS .................................................................... 14 A. The Threats Posed by Extremists and Extremist Organizations Support a Decision that Second Amendment Rights are not Incorporated through the Fourteenth Amendment .......................................................... 15 ii B. A Ruling that Incorporates Second Amendment Rights Through the Privileges or Immunities Clause and that Destabilizes Longstanding Fourteenth Amendment Jurisprudence Could Feed Extremist Antagonism and Violence Toward Non- Citizens ................................................................. 19 C. Judicial Restraint Is Appropriate Here Because Lower Courts and Legal Scholars Have Only Just Begun to Interpret Heller ......... 21 CONCLUSION .......................................................... 30 TABLE OF AUTHORITIES Cases Chandler v. F~orida, 449 U.S. 560 (1981) ................................................................ 18 District of Columbia v. HelIer, 128 S. Ct. 2783 (2008) .................................... passim Duncan v. Louisiana, 391 U.S. 145 (1968) ................................................................ 19 Morse v. Frederick, 551 U.S. 393 (2007) ...................................................................... 14 New State Ice Co. v. Liebmann, 285 U.S. 262 (1932) ................................................................ 18 PDK Labs., Inc. v. Drug Enforcement Admin., 362 F.3d 786 (D.C. Cir. 2004) .................. 14 Plyler v. Doe, 457 U.S. 202 (1982) ............................. 21 United States v. Lopez, 514 U.S. 549 (1995) ...................................................................... 18 Secondary Authorities Adam Winkler, Scrutinizing the Second Amendment, 105 Mich. L. Rev. 683 (2007) .... passim ADL, ADL Trains Over 2, 000 Law Enforcement Officers in October, November 19, 2009 .................. 2 ADL, Extremism in America, available at http ://www.adl.org/le ar/ext_us ....................... passim ADL, Father and Son Convicted on Bank Robbery, Murder Charges for Anti-Government Plot, September 30, 2005 .......................................... 8 ADL, FBI Hate Crime Numbers Disturbing; Calls for ’Coordinated Campaign" To Confront Hate Violence, November 23, 2009 ................... 12-13 ADL, James Von Brunn: An ADL Backgrounder, June 11, 2009 ........................................................... 10 ADL, Pittsburgh Man Sentenced to Five Death Sentences for Racist Killing Spree, September 7, 2001 ....................................................................... 7 ADL, Rage Grows in America: Anti-Government Conspiracies available at http://www.adl.org! special_reports/rage-grows-in-America/default. asp ..................................................................... 11-12 ADL, White Supremacists Celebrate Holocaust Museum Shooter Suspect as a Martyr and Hero, June 11, 2009 ................................................ 10 ADL, White Supremacists Ratchet up Anti- Hispanic Action as U.S. Immigration Debate Rages, May 24, 2006 ............................................... 21 Allan Bullock, Hitler, A Study in Tyranny 149 (Harper & Row) (abridged ed. 1991) ................ 13-14 Bernard E. Harcourt, On Gun Registration, the NRA, Adolph Hitler, and Nazi Gun Laws, 73 Fordham L. Rev. 653 (2004) ................................... 13 Calvin Massey, Guns, Extremists, and the Constitution, 57 Wash. & Lee L. Rev. 1095 (2000) ................................................................ 26, 27 Cass R. Sunstein, Second Amendment Minimalism: He]]er as Griswold, 122 Harv. L. Rev. 246 (2008) ....................................................... 15 V Eugene Volokh, Implementing the Right to Keep and Bear Arms for Self-Defense: An Analytical Framework and a Research Agenda, 56 UCLA L. Rev. 1443 (2009) ................................................. 28 Jason T. Anderson, Second Amendment Standards of Review: What the Supreme Court Left Unanswered in District of Columbia v. He]]er, 82 S. Cal. L. Rev. 547 (2009) .......... 22, 23, 27 Lawrence Rosenthal, District of Columbia v. Heller Sand Originalism, 103 Nw. U. L. Rev. 966 (2009) ................................................. 16-17 Lawrence B. Solum, Second Amendment Plumbing After Heller: Of Standards of Scrutiny, Incorporation, Well-Regulated Militias, and Criminal Street Gangs, 41 Urb. Law. 1 (2009) .......................................................... 21 Mark Tushnet, Permissible Gun Regulations after Heller: Speculations about Method and Outcomes, 56 UCLA L. Rev. 1425 (2009) .................................................. 23, 27, 28 Philip J. Cook, Jens Ludwig, & Adam M. Samaha, Gun Control After Heller: Threats and Sideshows from a Social Welfare Perspective, 56 UCLA L. Rev. 1041 (2009) ..4, 18, 22 Saul Cornell & Nathan DeDino, A Well- Regulated Right: The Early American Origins of Gun Control, 73 Fordham L. Rev. 487 (2004) ...26 Saul Cornell, A Well-Regulated Militia: The Founding Fathers and the Origins of Gun Control in America (Oxford University Press 2006) .............................................................. 26 Stuart Banner, The Second Amendment, So Far, 117 Harv. L. Rev. 898 (2004) ................................. 22 Transcript of Oral Argument at 45, District of Columbia v. Heller, 128 S. Ct. 2783 (2008) (No. 07-290) .................................................................... 29 INTEREST OF AMICUS CURIAE The Anti-Defamation League ("ADL") submits this brief as amicus curiae in support of Respondents.1 ADL was organized in 1913 to advance good will and mutual understanding among Americans of all creeds and races. Its charter holds that it was founded "to stop the defamation of the Jewish people and to secure justice and fair treatment to all citizens alike." ADL fights anti-Semitism and all forms of bigotry, defends democratic ideals, protects civil rights for all, and, most relevant to this case, has a long history of investigating, monitoring, exposing, and combating extremists. ADL’s efforts to monitor and expose extremists -- and to educate the public about the threats posed by extremists -- are reflected, in part, in its extensive online reporting on violent extremism and terrorism, including the encyclopedic Extremism in America.2 ~ ADL gave at least ten days’ notice of intention to file this brief to counsel of record for the parties. The parties themselves lodged letters of consent with the Clerk of this Court. No counsel for a party authored this brief in whole or in part, and no such counsel or party made a monetary contribution intended to fund its preparation or submission. No person other than ADL or its counsel made a monetary contribution intended to fund its preparation or submission. 2 See ADL, Extremism in America, http://www.adl.Org/learrg ext us/ (last visited December 22, 2009); http://ww~v.adl.org/ main Extremism/ (extensive news and resources on extremism), www.adl.org/learn (extremist news and information for law enforcement), and http://www.adl.org/ ~nain Terrorism/default.htm (information relating to domestic (Continued...) 2 That report includes detailed descriptions of extremist individuals, leaders, groups, movements, and media. ADL has also made good use of its expertise in this area, regularly providing training on extremists and terrorists to law enforcement professionals, and has become the leading non- governmental organization training law enforcement on this critical subject. For example, in October of 2009 alone, ADL trained more than 2,000 law enforcement professionals nationwide on topics related to extremism and hate crimes.3 Since 1967, ADL has also advocated for strong, effective, and sensible gun control legislation. ADL has done so, in part, because of its recognition that a culture of guns and violence is pervasive among extremists. In order to address the real and imminent threats posed by extremists and by those who engage in hate crimes, ADL has long maintained that federal, state, and local units of government must have the latitude
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Honoring Yesterday, Inspiring Tomorrow
    TALK ThistleThistle TALK Art from the heart Middle Schoolers expressed themselves in creating “Postcards to the Congo,” a unique component of the City as Our Campus initiative. (See story on page 13.) Winchester Nonprofi t Org. Honoring yesterday, Thurston U.S. Postage School PAID inspiring tomorrow. Pittsburgh, PA 555 Morewood Avenue Permit No. 145 Pittsburgh, PA 15213 The evolution of WT www.winchesterthurston.org in academics, arts, and athletics in this issue: Commencement 2007 A Fond Farewell City as Our Campus Expanding minds in expanding ways Ann Peterson Refl ections on a beloved art teacher Winchester Thurston School Autumn 2007 TALK A magnifi cent showing Thistle WT's own art gallery played host in November to LUMINOUS, MAGAZINE a glittering display of 14 local and nationally recognized glass Volume 35 • Number 1 Autumn 2007 artists, including faculty members Carl Jones, Mary Martin ’88, and Tina Plaks, along with eighth-grader Red Otto. Thistletalk is published two times per year by Winchester Thurston School for alumnae/i, parents, students, and friends of the school. Letters and suggestions are welcome. Please contact the Director of Communications, Winchester Thurston School, 555 Morewood Malone Scholars Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213. Editor Anne Flanagan Director of Communications fl [email protected] Assistant Editor Alison Wolfson Director of Alumnae/i Relations [email protected] Contributors David Ascheknas Alison D’Addieco John Holmes Carl Jones Mary Martin ’88 Karen Meyers ’72 Emily Sturman Allison Thompson Printing Herrmann Printing School Mission Winchester Thurston School actively engages each student in a challenging and inspiring learning process that develops the mind, motivates the passion to achieve, and cultivates the character to serve.
    [Show full text]
  • HOLOCAUST DENIAL IS a FORM of HATE SPEECH Raphael Cohen
    HOLOCAUST DENIAL IS A FORM OF HATE SPEECH ∗∗∗ Raphael Cohen-Almagor Introduction Recently Facebook confirmed that it has disabled a group called ‘I Hate Muslims in Oz.’ Barry Schnitt explained: “We disabled the ‘I Hate Muslims in Oz’ group… because it contained an explicit statement of hate. Where Holocaust-denial groups have done this and been reported, we’ve taken the same action”.1 Facebook distinguishes between ‘explicit statement of hate’ and Holocaust denial. Its directors believe that Holocaust denial is not hateful per se and does not therefore contravene the company’s terms of service. The terms of service say: “You will not post content that is hateful, threatening, pornographic, or that contains nudity or graphic or gratuitous violence”. 2 Schnitt said: “We’re always discussing and evaluating our policies on reported content, but have no plans to change this policy at this time. In addition to discussing it internally, we continue to engage with third-party experts on the issue”.3 In this short piece I wish to take issue with the assertion that Holocaust denial is not hateful per se . My aim is to show that it is, and therefore that Facebook should reconsider its position. All Internet providers and web- hosting companies whose terms of service disallow hateful messages on their servers should not host or provide forums for such hate-mongering. This is of urgent need as Holocaust denial is prevalent in Europe, the United States (USA) and across the Arab and Muslim parts of the world. Iran’s regime, under the disputed leadership of President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, has made questioning the Holocaust one of the centerpieces of its radical ∗ Educator, researcher and human rights activist.
    [Show full text]
  • The Duquesne University School of Law News Magazine
    \.....---- - ----- - ---~ The Duquesne University School of Law News Magazine DUQUESNE UNIVERSITY LAW LIBRARY APR 1 9 200t Don't Take Any Chances OnThe E MULTISTATE SPECIALIST We'll Teach You How to Win! West Coast Office New York Office East Coast Office 1247 6th Street 450 7th Avenue, Suite 3504 211 Bainbridge Street Santa Monica, CA 90401 New York, NY 10123 Philadelphia, PA 19147 (213) 459-8481 (212) 947-2525 (215) 925-41 09 Nationwide Toll Free Number: 800-315-1735 Staff EDITOR-IN-CHIEF N. S. Koerbel EXECUTIVE EDITOR Deborah L. Kutzavitch SENIOR EDITOR Annary Aytch VOL. 34, No.2 • SPRING 2001 MANAGING EDITOR LaJena D. Franks PRODUCTION EDITOR Jacquelyne S. Beckwith WEB EDITOR John Miller ASSISTANT EDITORS-IN-CHIEF A Tribute to Bridget Pelaez ... ............................................ .. .. 2 Kevin D. Coleman John E. Egers, Jr. Editorial: Learning the Secret Handshake Marianne Snodgrass by N.S. Koerbel. ... .. ......................... .. ....... ........ .................. .... 4 ASSISTANT EXECUTIVE EDITORS Margaret Barker Hate-Crimes: The Aftermath of Taylor and Baumhammers Terra Brozowski by Sanaz Raji .. ..... .. .. ....... .. .. ......... ... .. .. ... ......... ........ ........ ...... 5 Michael S. Romano Melissa A. Walls Insanity, Guilty but Mentally lll: ASSISTANT SENIOR EDITORS The Role of the Forensic Psychiatrist Debra A. Edgar by Diane Blackburn. ............... .......................... ........ ... ... ........ 7 Julie Wilson Rebecca Keating Verdone The Second Amendment and the Individual Rights Debate: ASSISTANT
    [Show full text]
  • Chaos and Terror – Manufactured by Psychiatry
    CCHR_Terror CVR R25-1.ps 10/22/04 8:25 AM Page 1 “Through the use of drugs, the skilled mind controller could first induce a hypnotic trance. Then, one of several behavior modification techniques could be employed with amplified success. In themselves, without directed suggestions, drugs affect the mind in random ways. But when drugs are combined with hypnosis, an individual can be molded and manipulated beyond his own recognition.” CHAOS AND — Walter Bowart Author, Operation Mind Control TERROR Manufactured by Psychiatry Report and recommendations on the role of psychiatry in international terrorism Published by Citizens Commission on Human Rights Established in 1969 CCHR_Terror CVR R25-2.ps 10/22/04 8:25 AM Page 2 Citizens Commission on Human Rights RAISING PUBLIC AWARENESS ducation is a vital part of any initiative to reverse becoming educated on the truth about psychiatry, and that social decline. CCHR takes this responsibility very something effective can and should be done about it. IMPORTANT NOTICE Eseriously. Through the broad dissemination of CCHR’s publications—available in 15 languages— CCHR’s Internet site, books, newsletters and other show the harmful impact of psychiatry on racism, educa- For the Reader publications, more and more patients, families, tion, women, justice, drug rehabilitation, morals, the elderly, professionals, lawmakers and countless others are religion, and many other areas. A list of these includes: he psychiatric profession purports to be know the causes or cures for any mental disorder the sole arbiter on the subject of mental or what their “treatments” specifically do to the THE REAL CRISIS—In Mental Health Today CHILD DRUGGING—Psychiatry Destroying Lives health and “diseases” of the mind.
    [Show full text]
  • There Are No Racists Here: the Rise of Racial Extremism, When No One Is Racist
    Maurer School of Law: Indiana University Digital Repository @ Maurer Law Articles by Maurer Faculty Faculty Scholarship 2015 There Are No Racists Here: The Rise of Racial Extremism, When No One Is Racist Jeannine Bell Indiana University Maurer School of Law, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://www.repository.law.indiana.edu/facpub Part of the Civil Rights and Discrimination Commons, and the First Amendment Commons Recommended Citation Bell, Jeannine, "There Are No Racists Here: The Rise of Racial Extremism, When No One Is Racist" (2015). Articles by Maurer Faculty. 2410. https://www.repository.law.indiana.edu/facpub/2410 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Faculty Scholarship at Digital Repository @ Maurer Law. It has been accepted for inclusion in Articles by Maurer Faculty by an authorized administrator of Digital Repository @ Maurer Law. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THERE ARE NO RACISTS HERE: THE RISE OF RACIAL EXTREMISM, WHEN NO ONE IS RACIST Jeannine Bell* ABSTRACT At first glance hate murders appear wholly anachronistic in post-racial America. This Article suggests otherwise. The Article begins by analyzing the periodic ex- pansions of the Supreme Court's interpretation of the protection for racist expres- sion in First Amendment doctrine. The Article then contextualizes the case law by providing evidence of how the First Amendment works on the ground in two separate areas -the enforcement of hate crime law and on university campuses that enact speech codes. In these areas, those using racist expression receive full protec- tion for their beliefs.
    [Show full text]
  • Neurodevelopmental and Psychosocial Risk Factors in Serial Killers and Mass Murderers
    Allely, Clare S., Minnis, Helen, Thompson, Lucy, Wilson, Philip, and Gillberg, Christopher (2014) Neurodevelopmental and psychosocial risk factors in serial killers and mass murderers. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 19 (3). pp. 288-301. ISSN 1359-1789 Copyright © 2014 The Authors http://eprints.gla.ac.uk/93426/ Deposited on: 23 June 2014 Enlighten – Research publications by members of the University of Glasgow http://eprints.gla.ac.uk Aggression and Violent Behavior 19 (2014) 288–301 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Aggression and Violent Behavior Neurodevelopmental and psychosocial risk factors in serial killers and mass murderers Clare S. Allely a, Helen Minnis a,⁎,LucyThompsona, Philip Wilson b, Christopher Gillberg c a Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, RHSC Yorkhill, Glasgow G3 8SJ, Scotland, United Kingdom b Centre for Rural Health, University of Aberdeen, The Centre for Health Science, Old Perth Road, Inverness IV2 3JH, Scotland, United Kingdom c Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden article info abstract Article history: Multiple and serial murders are rare events that have a very profound societal impact. We have conducted a Received 11 July 2013 systematic review, following PRISMA guidelines, of both the peer reviewed literature and of journalistic and Received in revised form 20 February 2014 legal sources regarding mass and serial killings. Our findings tentatively indicate that these extreme forms of vi- Accepted 8 April 2014 olence may be a result of a highly complex interaction of biological, psychological and sociological factors and Available online 18 April 2014 that, potentially, a significant proportion of mass or serial killers may have had neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorder or head injury.
    [Show full text]
  • Radio Spreads .Pdf
    RADIO 11 . 8 . 16 SUSANNE PAOLA ANTONETTA DIANA ARTERIAN DAN BEACHY-QUICK STEVE BENSON LAYNIE BROWNE JULIE CARR NICOLE COOLEY MATTHEW COOPERMAN JENNIFER KWON DOBBS THOM DONOVAN LEORA FRIDMAN ANNA GURTON-WACHTER JOSEPH HARRINGTON H. L. HIX ABY KAUPANG JH PHRYDAS B.T. SHAW JESSICA SMITH SASHA STEENSEN SOPHIA TERAZAWA TONY TRIGILIO NICOLE WALKER #83 ESSAY PRESS SINGLES Contents Essay Press’s library of stand-alone chapbooks, which we may build on in the future. Series Editors Maria Anderson FIRST NOTES TO SELF, TOWARD 3 Andy Fitch CONTESTING THE HATE STATE Ellen Fogelman H. L. Hix Aimee Harrison Courtney Mandryk THAT WHICH FALLS OUT 7 Victoria A. Sanz Sophia Terazawa Travis A. Sharp IN NOVEMBER 2016 10 Ryan Spooner Steve Benson Series Assistants Cristiana Baik RECKONING THE SHADOW 15 Ryan Ikeda Dan Beachy-Quick Christopher Liek Emily Pifer NOTES ON EVIL, THE BODY, AND THEORY 19 Randall Tyrone JH Phrydas WHAT IS AN ENEMY? 24 Cover Text An excerpt from Sasha Steensen’s Julie Carr Bellwethers: Shame and my Left Breast WE ARE EACH OTHER’S HARVEST 30 Diana Arterian Cover Design Travis A. Sharp ON BLEEDING 35 Book Composition Aimee Harrison Leora Fridman GOOD NIGHT FROM THE END 44 OF THE AMERICAN EXPERIMENT Tony Trigilio A BOOK OF FIRST SENTENCES 47 Laynie Browne POST-FACE 52 Thom Donovan AFTERMATH: NOTES FROM NYC 58 11. 27.16 Nicole Cooley Q: WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN 67 Dear , MUSLIM EXTREMISM AND CHRISTIAN EXTREMISM? B.T. Shaw In the wake of an election that solidified our country’s many ALL OVER AGAIN 73 disconnects, Essay Press would like to invite our authors to Susanne Paola Antonetta share their responses to the hatred triggered by Trump.
    [Show full text]
  • The Rise of Racial Extremism, When No One Is Racist
    Michigan Journal of Race and Law Volume 20 2015 There Are No Racists Here: The Rise of Racial Extremism, When No One is Racist Jeannine Bell Indiana University Maurer School of Law Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.law.umich.edu/mjrl Part of the Civil Rights and Discrimination Commons, First Amendment Commons, Law and Race Commons, and the Law and Society Commons Recommended Citation Jeannine Bell, There Are No Racists Here: The Rise of Racial Extremism, When No One is Racist, 20 MICH. J. RACE & L. 349 (2015). Available at: https://repository.law.umich.edu/mjrl/vol20/iss2/5 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at University of Michigan Law School Scholarship Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Michigan Journal of Race and Law by an authorized editor of University of Michigan Law School Scholarship Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THERE ARE NO RACISTS HERE: THE RISE OF RACIAL EXTREMISM, WHEN NO ONE IS RACIST Jeannine Bell* ABSTRACT At first glance hate murders appear wholly anachronistic in post-racial America. This Article suggests otherwise. The Article begins by analyzing the periodic ex- pansions of the Supreme Court’s interpretation of the protection for racist expres- sion in First Amendment doctrine. The Article then contextualizes the case law by providing evidence of how the First Amendment works on the ground in two separate areas —the enforcement of hate crime law and on university campuses that enact speech codes. In these areas, those using racist expression receive full protec- tion for their beliefs.
    [Show full text]
  • From the Right
    a special report from the southern poverty law center’s intelligence project TERROR FROM THE RIGHT PLOTS, CONSPIRACIES AND RACIST RAMPAGES SINCE OKLAHOMA CITY terror from the right TERROR FROM THE RIGHT At 9:02 a.m. on April 19, 1995, a 7,000-pound truck bomb, constructed of ammo- nium nitrate fertilizer and nitromethane racing fuel and packed into 13 plastic barrels, ripped through the heart of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City. The explosion wrecked much of downtown Oklahoma City and killed 168 people, including 19 children in a day-care center. Another 500 were injured. Although many Americans initially suspected an attack by Middle Eastern radicals, it quickly became clear that the mass murder had actually been carried out by domestic, right-wing terrorists. The slaughter engineered by Timothy McVeigh and Terry Nichols, men steeped in the conspiracy theories and white-hot fury of the American radical right, marked the opening shot in a new kind of domestic political MEDIA AND GENERAL INQUIRIES extremism — a revolutionary ideology whose practitioners do not hesitate Mark Potok or Heidi Beirich to carry out attacks directed at entirely innocent victims, people selected essentially at random to make a political point. After Oklahoma, it was no LAW ENFORCEMENT INQUIRIES longer sufficient for many American right-wing terrorists to strike at a target Joseph Roy Sr., Chief Investigator of political significance — instead, they reached for higher and higher body counts, reasoning that they had to eclipse McVeigh’s attack to win attention. Southern Poverty Law Center 400 Washington Avenue What follows is a detailed listing of major terrorist plots and racist rampages Montgomery, AL 36104 that have emerged from the American radical right in the years since (334) 956-8200 Oklahoma City.
    [Show full text]
  • CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE October 26, 2000
    24936 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE October 26, 2000 Jackson-Lee Meehan Sanchez REMOVAL OF NAME OF MEMBER sistance, $5 million to help move chil- (TX) Meek (FL) Sanders AS COSPONSOR OF H.R. 2335 dren from foster care to adoptive fami- Jefferson Meeks (NY) Sandlin John Menendez Sawyer Mr. INSLEE. Mr. Speaker, I ask lies, $1 million for pediatric health Johnson, E.B. Millender- Schakowsky unanimous consent to remove my clinics, and provides for the largest Jones (OH) McDonald Scott ever drug testing and treatment pro- Kanjorski Miller, George name as a cosponsor of H.R. 2335. Serrano gram. These appropriations go directly Kaptur Minge Sherman The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there Kennedy Mink Shows objection to the request of the gen- to improving the lives of the District’s Kildee Moakley Sisisky tleman from Washington? residents. Kilpatrick Mollohan Skelton The bill provides a $384 million in- Kind (WI) Moore Slaughter There was no objection. King (NY) Moran (VA) crease for the DEA, the FBI, and the Smith (NJ) f Kleczka Murtha Smith (WA) U.S. Attorneys to ensure that our Fed- Kucinich Nadler Snyder eral law enforcers have the tools that LaFalce Napolitano WAIVING POINTS OF ORDER Stabenow Lampson Oberstar they need in the 21st century. The bill Stark AGAINST CONFERENCE REPORT Lantos Obey provides an additional $548 million for Stenholm ON H.R. 4942, DISTRICT OF CO- Larson Olver Strickland the Immigration and Naturalization Lee Ortiz LUMBIA APPROPRIATIONS ACT, Tanner Service to ensure the safety of our bor- Levin Pallone 2001 Lewis (GA) Pascrell Tauscher ders and the efficiency of our immigra- Taylor (MS) Mr.
    [Show full text]
  • Lanza Spreadsheet.Pdf
    AB C D E F G H IJ KL M NO P Q 1 Killed Injured Name Weapons Location City Province Nation Day of the Week Month Day Year Ending Status Age Gender Firearms 2 57 35 Woo Bum-kon x2 M2 Carbine; grenades Town Uiryeong County Gyeongsangnam South Korea Monday-Tuesday April 26-27 1982 Suicide Dead 27 Male Police 3 57 (21/36) ? William Unek axe/rifle; axe Town Mahagi/Malampaka ?/? Belgian Congo/Tanganyika ?/Monday ?/February ?/11 1954/1957 Accident Dead ? Male Police 4 35 21 Martin Bryant semi-automatic L1A1 SLR; Colt AR-15; Daewoo USAS-12 Restaurant/Town Port Arthur Tasmania Australia Sunday-Monday April 18-19 1996 Accident Incarcerated 28 Male Illegally bought legal firearm/s 5 34 ? Ahmed Bragimov rifle Town Mekenskaya Chechnya Russia Friday October 8 1999 Killed by civilians Dead ? Male ? 6 32 17 Cho Seung-Hui Glock 19; Walther P22 School (University) Blacksburg Virginia United States Monday April 16 2007 Suicide Dead 23 Male Illegally bought legal firearm/s 7 30 15 Campo Delgado .32 revolver; hunting knife Apartment/Restaurant Bogota Cundinamarca Colombia Thursday December 4 1986 Suicide or killed by police Dead 52 Male ? 8 30 3 Mutsuo Toi Browning shotgun; sword; axe Town Kaio Okayama Japan Saturday May 21 1938 Suicide Dead 21 Male Illegally possessed legal firearm/s 9 29 Scores Baruch Goldstein IMI Galil Religious (Mosque) Hebron Hebron West Bank Friday February 25 1994 Killed by civilians Dead 37 Male Military 10 23 20 George Hennard Glock 17; Ruger P89 Restaurant Killeen Texas United States Wednesday October 16 1991 Suicide Dead 35 Male
    [Show full text]
  • Words That Kill? Economic Perspectives on Hate Speech and Hate Crimes Dhammika Dharmapala University of Connecticut
    Department of Economics Working Paper Series Words that Kill? Economic Perspectives on Hate Speech and Hate Crimes Dhammika Dharmapala University of Connecticut Richard H. McAdams University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Working Paper 2003-05 January 2003 341 Mansfield Road, Unit 1063 Storrs, CT 06269–1063 Phone: (860) 486–3022 Fax: (860) 486–4463 http://www.econ.uconn.edu/ Abstract This paper analyzes the conditions under which the level of hate speech (ex- pressing hostility towards racial and other minorities) in society can influence whether individuals commit hate crimes against minorities. More generally, we explore the conditions under which speech can influence behavior by revealing so- cial attitudes. We propose a model in which potential offenders care not only about the intrinsic benefits from the crime and the expected costs of punishment, but also about the esteem conferred by like-minded individuals. The number of such indi- viduals is uncertain, but can (in certain circumstances) be inferred from the level of hate speech. We assume that individuals trade off their expressive utility from voicing their true opinions against the costs imposed by formal and/or informal sanctions on hate speech. We characterize the separating and pooling equilibria of this asymmetric information game, and show that the costs of engaging in speech affect what views are expressed in equilibrium. Then, we specify a set of condi- tions where individuals have common prior beliefs, engage in Bayesian inference, and are risk-neutral in esteem under which speech is neutral, i.e. has no effect on behavior. Then, we relax these assumptions, taking into account the relevant psy- chological evidence, and derive the impact of hate speech on hate crime using a variety of different formulations.
    [Show full text]