Ref: ERI/2/02-13/EIA February 2014 Proposed Upgrading of Regional Plant (PEG061), Pulau Pinang

CHAPTER 3

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

3.1 INTRODUCTION

The BB-STP shall treat domestic wastewater generated from the sewerage sub-catchments covers more than half of Mukim 12 area and part of Mukim 13, which include the area of Bayan Baru, , Bukit Jambul, , , and Free Trade Zone.

The proposed BB-STP Phase 2 will use the Hybrid Combination Process of Activated Sludge & Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (AS+MBBR) system, and designed to serve an ultimate population equivalent (PE) of 450,000 PE. The overall BB-STP will therefore have an ultimate design capacity of 650,000 PE at the target year of 2035. The BB-STP will incorporate sludge treatment facilities (STF) for all in-plant sludge.

3.2 LOCATION AND SURROUNDINGS

The proposed BB-STP is geo-referenced at approximate latitude of 5o 18’ 53.69” N and longitude 100o 17’ 40.27” E, and shown in the satellite image in Figure 3.2A.

The total area of the Bayan Baru regional plant is 29.21 acres. The area available for Phase 2 development is about 16.8 acres, as shown in the General Layout of Bayan Baru Sewerage Sub-Catchments in Figure 2.2A.

The proposed BB-STP Phase 2 site is located in within the existing Bayan Baru Regional Treatment Plant (Asset No. PEG061). The proposed site is bounded by industrial entities in the north, west and east. The site is bordered at the south by Kluang River, where it discharges into the South Channel. The river downstream flows from north-west to south - east along the southern border of the proposed STP.

The buffer zone between the STP boundary and the nearest occupied development may comprise road reserve, drainage reserve, open space or other uninhabited land use.

The minimum buffer distance required between the boundary of the STP and the nearest occupied buildings are as follows: 30m surround, for residential or commercial development 20m surround, for industrial development 10m surround, for fully enclosed STP. (Source: Malaysian Sewerage Industry Guidelines, Volume IV: Sewage Treatment Plants, SPAN, 2010).

Client: Suruhanjaya Perkhidmatan Air Negara 3-1

Ref: ERI/2/02-13/EIA February 2014 Proposed Upgrading of Bayan Baru Regional Plant (PEG061), Pulau Pinang

In the proposed STP site, a minimum 20m buffer zone is provided between the STP buildings and the adjacent industrial lots. The minimum buffer requirements are met by the proposed STP.

The available buffer distances to the nearest industrial zone are provided in Table 3.2a and shown in Figure 3.2B.

Table 3.2a: Available Buffer Distances from Bayan Baru STP

Direction Receptor Buffer Distance Land use within Buffer Zone

North Industries within Bayan 20 m Mixed horticulture Lepas Industrial Area Scrub

East Industries, Infrastructure 70 m Mixed horticulture North-East & Utilities – Bayan Baru Scrub Electrical Grid

South Industries 700 m Road reserve South-East Health Care Centre –St Industrial Zone Jude Medical Drainage Reserve

West Industries within Bayan 20 m Mixed horticulture Lepas Industrial Area Scrub

West Residential, Tourism & 950 m Road reserve Shrines – Halaman Industrial Zone Mayang Pasir, Snake Drainage Reserve Temple, Than Hsing Temple, a church.

North West Residential and 900 m Road reserve commercial – Industrial Zone Pangsapuri Jalan Drainage Reserve Tengah, Taman Sunway Tunas,

From the table, it is noted that there are no residential or institutional (e.g. hospital, school) receptors close to the project site boundary. The nearest residential receptor is located at least 500 meters away from the project.

However, the project site border is recommended to be landscaped with suitable shrubs and trees. Furthermore, the process units, which have high noise levels, should be fully enclosed and acoustically treated to minimise noise impacts.

Client: Suruhanjaya Perkhidmatan Air Negara 3-2

Ref: ERI/2/02-13/EIA February 2014 Proposed Upgrading of Bayan Baru Regional Plant (PEG061), Pulau Pinang

3.3 PROPOSED BB-STP PHASE 2

3.3.1 Population Equivalent and Design Sewage Flow

The total land available for the upgrading project is about 16.8 acres. The proposed sewage treatment plant will have a treatment capacity of 450 000 PE (101.25 MLD). The existing Phase 1 STP has a treatment capacity of 200,000 PE (45 MLD).

In this report, PE projection is analysed using two different projection studies, namely;-

a) Sewage Catchment Study for West and South Pulau Pinang, by Messrs. ERINCO, 2009 b) Proposed Extension and Upgrading of Bayan Baru Sewer Network and Other Assocated Works, by Messrs. Sepakat Setia Perunding (SSP) Sdn Bhd. (July 2013)

The total projected PE based on 2 difference studies of the Bayan Baru STP from year 2015 to year 2035 is shown in Table 3.3.1a.

Table 3.3.1a: Design Population Equivalent (PE)

Description 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 SSP Network Consultant, 469,912 520,943 569,818 609,719 650,728 2013(2) Sewage Catchment 466,628 495,874 519,320 539,766 554,489 Study, 2009(1) Percentage difference between the 2013 and 0.7% 5.1% 9.7% 12.9% 17.4% 2009 PE Projections Source: 1) Sewage Catchment Study for West and South Pulau Pinang, ERINCO, 2009 2) Proposed Extension and Upgrading of Bayan Baru Sewer Network and Other Associated Works, Pulau Pinang. Sepakat Setia Perunding Sdn. Bhd. 2013

The later PE projection by the Network Consultant (SSP) for the ultimate population equivalent of the Bayan Baru Catchment is 650 000 PE at year 2035. Based on the latest information gathered from IWK, the Network Consultant reviewed the development in the Bayan Baru Sewerage Catchment. Applying the PE projection methods of population census, land use and development submissions, the PE projection for the Bayan Baru Sewerage Catchment was revised as shown in Table 3.3.1a above.

The latest PE projection by the Network Consultant is found to be between 0.5% and 17.4% higher than the projection by the Sewage Catchment Study 2009. (Table 3.3.1a) The SSP projections are based on the latest available information and the slight difference between these 2 projections are justifiable. Hence, the sizing of the Bayan Baru STP to serve 650,000 PE (ultimate at year 2035) is justified.

Client: Suruhanjaya Perkhidmatan Air Negara 3-3

Ref: ERI/2/02-13/EIA February 2014 Proposed Upgrading of Bayan Baru Regional Plant (PEG061), Pulau Pinang

3.3.2 Design Influent Quality

The influent quality is calculated by per capita pollution load and STP inflow. Table 3.3.2a shows the design sewage quality of influent and effluent.

Table 3.3.2a: Design Influent Value

Influent Quality Value Pollution Sewage Parameter Influent Quality (g/capita/day) load inflow (mg/l) (kg/day) (m3/day) BOD 56 36,400 146,250 248.9 ≒ 250 SS 68 44,200 146,250 302.2 ≒ 300 COD 113 73,450 146,250 502.2 ≒ 500 TN* 11 7,150 146,250 48.9 ≒ 50 AMN 7 4,550 146,250 31.1 ≒ 30 O&G 11 7,150 146,250 48.9 ≒ 50 Source: Malaysian Sewerage Industry Guidelines, Volume 4

3.3.3 Treatment Level and Target Quality of Sewage Effluent

Consistent with the discharge limits specified under the Environmental Quality (Sewage) Regulations, 2009; the acceptable limits of residue contaminants in the treated effluent for discharge into a river shall not be more than the limits shown in Table 3.3.3a.

Table 3.3.3a: Environmental Quality (Sewage) Regulations, 2009 – 2nd Schedule

SECOND SCHEDULE (Regulation 7) ACCEPTABLE CONDITION OF SEWAGE DISCHARGE OF STANDARDS A & B (I) New sewage treatment system Parameter Unit Standard A B (1) (2) (3) (4) (a) Temperature Oc 40 40 (b) pH value - 6.0-9.0 5.5-9.0 (c) BOD5 at 20°c mg/L 20 50 (d) COD mg/L 120 200 (e) Suspended Solids mg/L 50 100 (f) Oil and Grease mg/L 5.0 10.0 (g) Ammoniacal Nitrogen (enclosed waterbody) mg/L 5.0 5.0 (h) Ammoniacal Nitrogen (river) mg/L 10.0 20.0 (I) Nitrate - Nitrogen (river) mg/L 20.0 50.0 (j) Nitrate - Nitrogen (enclosed water body) mg/L 10.0 10.0 (k) Phosphorous (enclosed water body) mg/L 5.0 10.0 Note: Standard A is applicable to discharges into any inland waters within catchment areas listed in the Third Schedule, while Standard B is applicable to any other inland or Malaysian coastal waters. Client: Suruhanjaya Perkhidmatan Air Negara 3-4

Ref: ERI/2/02-13/EIA February 2014 Proposed Upgrading of Bayan Baru Regional Plant (PEG061), Pulau Pinang

The discharge point is located upstream of the water intake point and the STP is required to comply with Standard B effluent limits. However, the STP will be designed to operate to Category 1 - Standard A effluent limits, as is the common practice for all new regional STPs.

In order to allow for transient reductions in treatment efficiency due to periodic plant maintenance and unforeseen high impulse of hydraulic and organic loadings on the sewage treatment process units, the STP is designed to produce final effluents with BOD, SS, COD O&G and AN values less than or equal to the design effluent values (Table 3.3.3b). Thus, the Design Standard A is more stringent than the Absolute Standard A. This is to ensure consistent compliance with the required effluent standard.

Table 3.3.3b: Design Effluent Values (for treated discharge from STP)

Discharge to River Parameter Standard A Absolute Design

1 Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5) 20 10 2 Suspended Solids (SS) 50 20 3 Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) 120 60 4 Ammoniacal Nitrogen (AN) 10 5

5 Nitrate Nitrogen (NO3-N) 20 10 6 Oil and Grease (O&G) 5 2 Source: Malaysian Sewerage Industry Guidelines, Volume 4 Note: All values in mg/L unless otherwise stated

* Note: Design influent value is for TN but effluent standard is for Nitrate Nitrogen (NO3-N).

There are no gazetted limits for DO and E.coli in the effluent design values. The effluent E.coli compliance is subject to the sensitivity of the receiving watercourse and directive of the National Water Services Commission (SPAN or Suruhanjaya Perkhidmatan Air Negara). DO levels for effluent right after settling and decanting are generally low (<2mg/L).

Microorganisms in sewage are generally expressed in terms of total coliforms (TC) and faecal coliforms (FC). TC in medium concentration untreated sewage is about 107 to 108 per 100ml. (Tchobanoglous, 1991). The faecal coliform or E.coli level after disinfection is expected to be in the region of 200 MPN per 100 ml. The design of the STP includes a disinfection chamber for the destruction of residual bacteria and other pathogenic microbes found in the treated effluent. The proposed disinfection method is by UV application.

Client: Suruhanjaya Perkhidmatan Air Negara 3-5

Ref: ERI/2/02-13/EIA February 2014 Proposed Upgrading of Bayan Baru Regional Plant (PEG061), Pulau Pinang

3.3.4 Sewage Treatment Facilities

The Malaysian standards recommend that for large plants (PE greater than 20,000) biological treatment should be based on conventional activated sludge or extended aeration; including variations of the activated sludge process such as SBR, oxidation ditch and bio film technologies.

The land area available for the proposed upgrade is limited. Along with that, it is suggested that the green technology and advanced treatment technology should be incorporated into the sewage treatment. As such, few considerations should be taken into account while choosing the most optimum biological system treatment.

1) Overall Concept

In general, the STP will comprise the following:

(a) Main Inlet Pumping Station (MIPS)

The MIPS will include coarse screens, raw sewage pumps, penstocks, distribution channels. Incoming sewage from Inlet 1 from the north, and Inlet 2 from the south, is conveyed to the MIPS, through coarse screens, before being pumped to the Preliminary Treatment Works.

(b) Preliminary Treatment Works (PTW)

The PTW will remove floating material (fine screens), grit and grease, before being conveyed to the Primary Clarifier.

(c) Secondary Treatment (Biological Process)

The pre-treated sewage enters into the primary clarifiers to separate settle able solids. The primary clarifier used is the typical flight and scraper type. The expected

removal efficiencies in primary treatment are 20% to 40 % in BOD5, 30% to 50% in SS and 20% to 40 % in COD, respectively. These removal efficiencies are slightly lower than typical values, and designed to be so.

Carbonaceous and nitrogenous removal is achieved in the Biological Reactor, which is a combination of the Activated Sludge (AS) and Moving Bed Bio Reactor (MBBR) processes. The AS zone provides carbonaceous removal, while the nitirification is achieved in the MBBR tank. An anoxic zone is provided at the beginning of the Biological Reactor for denitrification (conversion of nitrate to nitrogen).

Mixed liquor from the Biological Reactor then flows to the secondary clarifiers for solids and liquid separation. The clarified liquid is conveyed to the disinfection chamber, and then discharged to the river, while the settled solids is either returned to the Biological Reactor as Return Activated Sludge (RAS) or sent for sludge treatment as Waste Activated Sludge (WAS).

Client: Suruhanjaya Perkhidmatan Air Negara 3-6

Ref: ERI/2/02-13/EIA February 2014 Proposed Upgrading of Bayan Baru Regional Plant (PEG061), Pulau Pinang

Through secondary treatment in reactors and final clarifiers, the removal efficiencies

are 90% to 95 % in BOD5, 90% to 95% in SS, 75% to 85 % in COD, and 75% to 85% in TN, respectively, for the influent quality to STP so that the sewage effluent quality complies with the effluent standard.

The biological treatment process is further described in the next sub-section.

(d) Sludge Treatment

Sludge treatment includes mechanical thickening (drum thickeners) for primary sludge and WAS; sludge digestion (anaerobic digestion), and sludge dewatering (centrifuge decanters). Mechanical thickening and dewatering requires polymer dosing for effective flocculation and coagulation.

Primary sludge from the primary clarifier and WAS from the secondary clarifier are thickened separately, to 4% dry solids content, and then sent to the anaerobic digester.

Anaerobic sludge digestion provides digestion under mesophilic conditions. Digestion reduces sludge volume and stabilizes the sludge. Biogas (mainly methane) produced from anaerobic digestion is stored in gas holding tanks.

Digested sludge is then sent for dewatering using centrifuge decanters. Dewatered sludge (20% dry solids) is conveyed to hopper and sent via truck to final disposal. Sludge storage shed is also provided for storing dewatered sludge before final disposal to sanitary landfill.

The methane gas is used as fuel for the Combined Heat and Power Generator (CHPG), which will provide heat for the sludge digester, and generate enough electricity for in-plant use, such as street lighting, blowers, and other equipment.

(e) Disinfection

For disinfection, two methods were considered, chlorination and ultraviolet disinfection. These are compared in Table 3.3.4a.

A chlorine contact tank is provided for the existing Phase 1 STP. However, disinfection is only required in the event of an outbreak or epidemic of waterborne disease. Thus, the chlorine contact tank has never been used, and most likely never will.

Due to land area constraints, it is recommended that the UV disinfection system be implemented for the BB-STP. Furthermore, it is quite likely that reclamation of effluent water for industrial uses will be implemented some time in the future. In that case, disinfection will be mandatory. Thus, the UV disinfection system is recommended.

Client: Suruhanjaya Perkhidmatan Air Negara 3-7

Ref: ERI/2/02-13/EIA February 2014 Proposed Upgrading of Bayan Baru Regional Plant (PEG061), Pulau Pinang

Table 3.3.4a: Different methods of disinfection for Bayan Baru STP

Method Advantage Disadvantage

Chlorination Residual disinfection effect Inactivation of protozoa and some viruses in sewage effluent By-product such as trihalomethane

Ultra Violet (UV) Eliminates the need to Expensive for initial and generate, handle, transport, O&M cost compared to or store toxic/hazardous or chlorination corrosive chemicals. Much smaller footprint compared to chlorination contact tank

(f) Discharge

The effluent from BB-STP is discharged directly into Sungai Kluang, about 20m from the southern boundary of the BB-STP site.

2) Biological Treatment

Generally, a biological treatment process is applied to sewage treatment to remove nutrients such as Ammoniacal nitrogen. Stabilization ponds or aerated lagoons may be adapted to small-scale plants; however, activated sludge process including its modified methods is adapted to medium- and large-scale plants by site condition and/or effluent standards.

To comply with the design effluent standard for Ammoniacal Nitrogen (AN) of less than or equal to 5 mg/L; a hybrid activated sludge and MBBR process with biological denitrification system is recommended.

Endogenous denitrification or advanced oxidation ditch processes are applied to small-scale sewage treatment plants, while recirculation de-nitrification or step feed multi-staged denitrification processes are applied to larger scale plants. For this STP upgrading works, a hybrid combination process of activated sludge and moving bed bioreactor is applied to provide both nitrification and denitrification.

Biological treatment suggested for the upgraded treatment plant is a compact process solution of activated sludge with a combination of the MBBR bio-film process. This hybrid process provides the combination of activated sludge and carriers in the MBBR tank in series (Figure 3.3.4A). This configuration will enrich a high content of slowly growing bacteria. The slowly growing bacteria are vital for

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Ref: ERI/2/02-13/EIA February 2014 Proposed Upgrading of Bayan Baru Regional Plant (PEG061), Pulau Pinang

nitrification or removal of certain organic compounds which need a longer sludge age.

The biological reactor composes of four different reaction zones, namely:

a) Pre-denitrification tanks (anoxic, for denitrification or conversion of nitrate to nitrogen) b) Activated sludge tanks (aerated, for carbonaceous removal) c) MBBR tanks (aerated, for nitrification, i.e. conversion of ammonia to nitrate) d) De-Oxygenation Tank (low oxygen, for internal recirculation to anoxic tank)

The raw sewage from the primary clarifier will be evenly distributed in to the pre- denitrification tank via inlet weirs and distribution channels. In this anoxic zone, the pre-treated sewage will be mixed and kept in suspension. The anoxic conditions in the tank allow denitrification process to take place (nitrate is converted to nitrogen). The DO level in this phase is less than 1 mg/L.

Primary Treatment

RAS Pre-Denitrification Tank

AS Tank Aeration

Internal

Recirculation

for removal MBBR Tank Aeration of nitrate

De-Oxygenation Tank Intermittent aeration

Secondary Clarifier

Supernatent to Disinfection

WAS to Sludge thickening

Figure 3.3.4a: Secondary Treatment Process Schematic

The mixed liquor from the pre-denitrification tanks then flow into the activated sludge tank, which is aerated. Here, oxidation of carbonaceous or organic material (COD, BOD) takes place, releasing carbon dioxide. The mixed liquor is aerated using fine bubble diffused aeration, for higher efficiency oxygen transfer. The DO level is about 2 mg/L.

Client: Suruhanjaya Perkhidmatan Air Negara 3-9

Ref: ERI/2/02-13/EIA February 2014 Proposed Upgrading of Bayan Baru Regional Plant (PEG061), Pulau Pinang

In the MBBR tank, small plastic carrier elements provide sites for bacteria or biofilm attachment in a suspended growth medium, which is drawn out from the activated sludge tank. The carrier elements are continuously kept in suspension by an aeration system (using medium bubble diffuser) and the DO level is about 4 mg/L. The medium bubble diffuser comprises perforated pipes with downward opening holes to prevent clogging by media. Stainless steel sieves at the outflow wall of the tank prevent the media from being carried over into the post denitrification tank. Nutrients are removed in the MBBR tank, being consumed by the bacteria in the biofilm as well as in the mixed liquor suspension. Nitrification takes place in the MBBR tanks, whereby ammonia is converted to nitrate.

The De-Oxygenation Tank is intermittently aerated using fine bubble diffuser, to reduce and maintain the DO level in the mixed liquor at about 2 mg/L. A portion of the mixed liquor from this tank is circulated back to the Pre-Denitrification Tank for denitrification.

From the De-Oxygenation tank, the mixed liquor flows into the secondary clarifier for solids separation. The clear liquid is discharged to disinfection and final discharge. Some of the settled solids or sludge from the secondary clarifier is returned to the head of the biological process (Return Activated Sludge or RAS). The rest of the solids stream is fed into the sludge treatment facility.

3) Sludge Treatment Facilities

(a) Sludge Thickening

Separate thickening approach is applied to primary sludge and waste sludge, respectively. Due to the difference in sludge characteristics, primary sludge and WAS are thickened separately in dedicated mechanical thickeners.

The moisture contents are reduced from more than 99% to 96% after thickening (i.e. 4% dry solids), resulting in a 20% volume reduction.

The waste sludge thickening equipment recommended for the BB-STP is the drum thickener.

(b) Sludge Digester

An anaerobic medium-temperature digestion process is applied to reduce sludge volume and to stabilize sludge. Sludge temperature put into the tanks is in the range of 24 to 35 degree C. This digestion process has a digestion period of thirty days. Some heating is provided to maintain the sludge temperature at optimum.

Although the change in sludge volume is a slight in the anaerobic digestion process, the solids in sludge are decreased due to the progress of decomposition of organic matters in sludge, which stabilise the sludge and generate methane-rich digestion gas usable for gas power generation as green gas.

Client: Suruhanjaya Perkhidmatan Air Negara 3-10

Ref: ERI/2/02-13/EIA February 2014 Proposed Upgrading of Bayan Baru Regional Plant (PEG061), Pulau Pinang

(c) Sludge Dewatering Facility

By sludge dewatering, moisture content of digested sludge is reduced to about 80% (or 20% dry solids content), and sludge volume is further reduced. Dewatered sludge appears as a cake.

The dewatering equipment recommended for the BB-STP is the centrifuge decanter.

(d) Sludge Disposal

The dewatered sludge contains Nitrogen (N) and Phosphorus (P). P and N in the sludge are the main elements that can be converted to organic fertilizer for rubber plantation, landscaping, gardening etc. Sludge (containing P and N) can be taken over by fertilizer companies, hence resulting in minimal sludge disposal costs. If the sludge from the BB-STP would be taken over by fertilizer company, the sludge will not be dumped at the landfill sites. However, due to insufficient demand and un- available existing technology for further sludge processing, it is recommended that the sludge to be safely disposed at Pulau Burung Sanitary Landfill.

4) Green Technology Initiatives

With regard to green technology initiatives, the following have been recommended:

(a) Generation of heat and power from biogas

The methane-rich biogas generated from the anaerobic digestion of sludge can be used as fuel in the Combined Heat and Power Generator (CHPG). The heat produced in the CHPG will be used to heat the digester to optimum temperature. The power generated from the CHPG can be used for the running of some portions of the STP.

However, it will take a few years before the amount of gas produced is consistent and sufficient to run the Heat and Power Generator.

(b) Reuse of Treated Effluent

Some of the treated effluent will be used within the STP premises for cleaning, tank washing, polymer mixing, and other in-plant uses.

It is suggested that the rest of the treated effluent be polished for non-potable use outside the plant .Since the STP is located within an established industrial zone, it is suggested that polished effluent be supplied to these industries for non-potable use, such as cooling water, steam generation, and process washing. Other non-potable uses include landscape irrigation, toilet flushing, road cleansing and dust suppression (water bowser). Tertiary treatment methods most likely to be applicable are by ultra-filtration or membrane filtration. However, this option is not economically viable at present.

Client: Suruhanjaya Perkhidmatan Air Negara 3-11

Ref: ERI/2/02-13/EIA February 2014 Proposed Upgrading of Bayan Baru Regional Plant (PEG061), Pulau Pinang

3.3.5 Layout of Sewage Treatment Facilities

Layout of the proposed BB-STP are shown in Figure 3.3.5A & Appendix 3.3.5A, and the material balance is show in Figure 3.3.5B, respectively.

The specifications of the proposed major facility or equipment to be employed in the BB-STP are provided in Table 3.3.5a.

Table 3.3.5a: Major Facilities in the proposed BB-STP upgrading works

Component Process Unit Units Remark(s)

Incoming sewage a) Main Inlet Pumping Station Upgraded (MIPS) and coarse screen

Primary Treatment b) Primary Treatment Works – fine Upgraded screen, grit and grease removal

Biological c) Primary Clarifiers 16 nos New Treatment d) Biological Aeration Tanks 4 nos New e) Secondary Clarifiers 16 nos New

Disinfection & f) UV Disinfection System New Polishing Treatment g) Parshall flume for effluent discharge measurement

Sludge Treatment h) Sludge storage building Upgraded i) Sludge Holding Tank (Primary Sludge, New & Waste Activated Sludge (WAS), and Upgraded Digested Sludge) j) Anaerobic Digester 4 nos New k) Gas Storage Tanks 4 nos New l) Sludge Thickening and Dewatering New Equipment

Facilities & Utilities m) Blower House New n) Combined Heat & Power Generator New o) Tautened Sludge Reception Facility New p) Administrative Building Additional Building

Client: Suruhanjaya Perkhidmatan Air Negara 3-12

Ref: ERI/2/02-13/EIA February 2014 Proposed Upgrading of Bayan Baru Regional Plant (PEG061), Pulau Pinang

3.3.6 Staging of BB-STP Phase 2

The Phase 1 of the STP is designed for a capacity of 200,000 PE. The Phase 2 upgrading work will be for an additional 450,000 PE, thus providing for an ultimate capacity of 650,000 PE at year 2035.

It is recommended that the C&S portion of the facility be constructed to ultimate 650,000 PE now, while the M&E equipment may be installed in 2 stages. The staging of the Phase 2 upgrading work (M&E installation) must be able to cater for the connected PE projected for the Bayan Baru Catchment.

Referring to the latest PE projection by the Network Consultant, SSP, and the PE of the Bayan Baru Catchment will grow to about 469,912 PE in 2015 and 520,943 PE in year 2020. It is estimated that the construction of the upgraded STP will be completed by 2017 and commissioning of the first stage by 2018. Interpolating linearly, the expected PE in year 2017 is about 495,000 PE. Assuming that this entire PE is connected to the STP by the year 2017, the Bayan Baru STP needs to be upgraded to 500,000 PE by year 2017 or 2018.

It is recommended that Phase 2B M&E equipment installation be completed latest by year 2025. This Phase 2B completion date need to be reviewed based on flow data, connected PE and phasing of network expansion and plant rationalization programme.

The proposed phasing is provided in Table 3.3.6a and Figure 3.3.6A is a graphical representation of the phasing work.

Table 3.3.6a: Proposed Staging of Upgrading Work

Year PE Projection Design PE of STP (by SSP, 2013) (installed M&E equipment) 2013 453,319 200,000 2015 469,912 200,000 At year 2017: Phase 2A Phase 2: C&S constructed, for additional 450,000 PE Phase 2A: M&E installed for additional 300,000 PE 2017 495,428 500,000 2020 520,943 500,000 At year 2025: Phase 2B Phase 2B: M&E installed for additional 150,000 PE Thus total M&E capacity installed is 650,000 PE (ultimate) 2025 569,818 650,000 2030 609,719 650,000 2035 650,728 650,000

Client: Suruhanjaya Perkhidmatan Air Negara 3-13

CONSULTANCY SERVICES FOR THE UPGRADING OF THE EXISTING BAYAN BARU REGIONAL PLANT (PEG061), PULAU PINANG Project Evaluation Report (FINAL) February 2014

Year 2025: Phase 2B: 650,000 PE

Year 2017: Phase 2A: 500,000 PE

Year 2013 Phase 1: 200,000 PE

Projected undercapacity of plant

FIGURE 3.3.6A: PHASING OF UPGRADING WORK (M&E)

ERINCO SDN BHD 7-14 Ref: ERI/2/02-13/EIA February 2014 Proposed Upgrading of Bayan Baru Regional Plant (PEG061), Pulau Pinang

3.4 PROJECT ACTIVITIES

3.4.1 Pre-Construction Phase Activities

Activities during the pre-construction phase namely the topographical survey, bathymetric survey, geotechnical investigation and baseline environmental sampling did not result in significant environmental impacts to the surrounding environs. Impacts arising during this phase were as follows:

Minor disturbance to the vegetation from survey and sampling activities were confined to small areas Short term positive impacts in the form of increased employment opportunities for skilled personnel particularly surveyors, geotechnical and soil investigators.

3.4.2 Construction Phase Activities

Activities envisaged during the construction phase of the BB-STP can result in environmental impacts to the surrounding environs. The principal activities implemented during this phase are:

Mobilization of construction plant and equipment Site Clearing and ground treatment Construction of STP components Landscaping works Testing, commissioning, and hand over of STP to IWK. Management of STP site office Construction activities for STP will have some impact on water quality, particularly in terms of suspended solid concentrations. Other environmental concerns during the construction phase include management of construction waste and scheduled waste, impacts on ambient air quality and noise levels, and traffic impacts.

3.4.3 Operation Phase Activities

Activities envisaged during the operational phase of the BB-STP project will take place over the life span of the project, until the next planned upgrade to a better facility, after year of 2035. Impacts associated with the operational phase, therefore, are long-term in nature. Operational phase activities commence upon commissioning of the project and are those associated with the normal running and use of the STP as mentioned below:

Effluent discharge into Sungai Kluang Management of solid waste, including dewatered sludge Noise Odour and toxic gases Failure of STP

The environmental impacts envisaged during this phase are a consequence of sewage treatment, handling and disposal.

Client: Suruhanjaya Perkhidmatan Air Negara 3-15

Ref: ERI/2/02-13/EIA February 2014 Proposed Upgrading of Bayan Baru Regional Plant (PEG061), Pulau Pinang

3.4.4 Schedule of Work

A tentative construction schedule for the construction and completion work is provided in Table 3.4.4a.

Table 3.4.4a: Project Development Timeline

Month(s) Activities Timeline

Month 0-1 Mobilisation of construction equipment and workers to site, demarcate site perimeter

Month 1-4 Site clearing, construction of temporary drains, wash trough, silt trap, silt fence. Preparation of site office, site facilities

Month 4-12 Foundation works including piling and ground improvement works

Month 5-22 Construction of sub structures (Pump station, sludge treatment facility, biological treatment facility)

Month 15-29 Construction of super structures. (Pump station, sludge treatment facility, biological treatment facility)

Month 30-34 Testing & Commissioning of the new STP

Month 35-36 Site clearance, demobilising, landscaping and handover

Client: Suruhanjaya Perkhidmatan Air Negara 3-16

N.T.S

Sg. Kluang

Penang International Airport Runway Project Site 5o 18’ 56.21” N 100 o 17’ 39.79” E

Source: Google Earth Images, 2013

ERINCO SDN. BHD . Consulting Engineers & Environmental Consultants, Satellite Image of Project Site No. 17 & 19, Jalan 19/29, Upgrading of Bayan Baru Regional STP FIGURE 3.2A 46300 Petaling Jaya Selangor Darul Ehsan. (PEG 061) Tel: 03- 7955 2771/7023 Fax: 03- 7955 7027 Legend

Industries – 30m 50 m boundary

30 m boundary

N.T.S Project site boundary

Industries – 50m

PROJECT SITE

Kg. Jawa Highway – 20 m

Sg. Kluang

Vegetated Buffer Vegetated Buffer

Source: GoogleEarth Images, 2013

ERINCO SDN. BHD. Consulting Engineers & Environmental Consultants, Buffer Distance to the Nearest Receptors No. 17 & 19, Jalan 19/29, Upgrading of Bayan Baru Regional STP FIGURE 3.2B 46300 Petaling Jaya Selangor Darul Ehsan. (PEG 061) Tel: 03- 7955 2771/7023 Fax: 03- 7955 7027