Hub Genes Shared Across Nine Types of Solid Cancer
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Screening and Identification of Key Biomarkers in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Based on Bioinformatics Analysis
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.12.21.423889; this version posted December 23, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. Screening and identification of key biomarkers in clear cell renal cell carcinoma based on bioinformatics analysis Basavaraj Vastrad1, Chanabasayya Vastrad*2 , Iranna Kotturshetti 1. Department of Biochemistry, Basaveshwar College of Pharmacy, Gadag, Karnataka 582103, India. 2. Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Chanabasava Nilaya, Bharthinagar, Dharwad 580001, Karanataka, India. 3. Department of Ayurveda, Rajiv Gandhi Education Society`s Ayurvedic Medical College, Ron, Karnataka 562209, India. * Chanabasayya Vastrad [email protected] Ph: +919480073398 Chanabasava Nilaya, Bharthinagar, Dharwad 580001 , Karanataka, India bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.12.21.423889; this version posted December 23, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. Abstract Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is one of the most common types of malignancy of the urinary system. The pathogenesis and effective diagnosis of ccRCC have become popular topics for research in the previous decade. In the current study, an integrated bioinformatics analysis was performed to identify core genes associated in ccRCC. An expression dataset (GSE105261) was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, and included 26 ccRCC and 9 normal kideny samples. Assessment of the microarray dataset led to the recognition of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), which was subsequently used for pathway and gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis. -
Title a New Centrosomal Protein Regulates Neurogenesis By
Title A new centrosomal protein regulates neurogenesis by microtubule organization Authors: Germán Camargo Ortega1-3†, Sven Falk1,2†, Pia A. Johansson1,2†, Elise Peyre4, Sanjeeb Kumar Sahu5, Loïc Broic4, Camino De Juan Romero6, Kalina Draganova1,2, Stanislav Vinopal7, Kaviya Chinnappa1‡, Anna Gavranovic1, Tugay Karakaya1, Juliane Merl-Pham8, Arie Geerlof9, Regina Feederle10,11, Wei Shao12,13, Song-Hai Shi12,13, Stefanie M. Hauck8, Frank Bradke7, Victor Borrell6, Vijay K. Tiwari§, Wieland B. Huttner14, Michaela Wilsch- Bräuninger14, Laurent Nguyen4 and Magdalena Götz1,2,11* Affiliations: 1. Institute of Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany. 2. Physiological Genomics, Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilian University Munich, Germany. 3. Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences, Biocenter, Ludwig-Maximilian University Munich, Germany. 4. GIGA-Neurosciences, Molecular regulation of neurogenesis, University of Liège, Belgium 5. Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), Mainz, Germany. 6. Instituto de Neurociencias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Miguel Hernández, Sant Joan d’Alacant, Spain. 7. Laboratory for Axon Growth and Regeneration, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany. 8. Research Unit Protein Science, Helmholtz Centre Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany. 9. Protein Expression and Purification Facility, Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany. 10. Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Monoclonal Antibody Core Facility, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany. 11. SYNERGY, Excellence Cluster of Systems Neurology, Biomedical Center, Ludwig- Maximilian University Munich, Germany. 12. Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA 13. -
Bioinformatics Identi Cation of Prognostic Factors Associated With
Bioinformatics Identication of Prognostic Factors Associated with Breast Cancer Ying Wei Sichuan University https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8178-4705 Shipeng Zhang College of Pharmacy, North Sichuan Medical College Li Xiao West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine Jing Zou West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine Yingqing Fu West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine Yi Ye West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine Linchuan Liao ( [email protected] ) West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3700-8471 Research Keywords: Breast cancer, Differentially expressed genes, miRNAs, Transcription factors, Bioinformatic analysis Posted Date: December 2nd, 2020 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-117477/v1 License: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Read Full License Page 1/23 Abstract Background: Breast cancer (BRCA) remains one of the most common forms of cancer and is the most prominent driver of cancer-related death among women. The mechanistic basis for BRCA, however, remains incompletely understood. In particular, the relationships between driver mutations and signaling pathways in BRCA are poorly characterized, making it dicult to identify reliable clinical biomarkers that can be employed in diagnostic, therapeutic, or prognostic contexts. Methods: First, we downloaded publically available BRCA datasets (GSE45827, GSE42568, and GSE61304) from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. We then compared gene expression proles between tumor and control tissues in these datasets using Venn diagrams and the GEO2R analytical tool. We further explore the functional relevance of BRCA-associated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) via functional and pathway enrichment analyses using the DAVID tool, and we then constructed a protein-protein interaction network incorporating DEGs of interest using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING) database. -
Propranolol-Mediated Attenuation of MMP-9 Excretion in Infants with Hemangiomas
Supplementary Online Content Thaivalappil S, Bauman N, Saieg A, Movius E, Brown KJ, Preciado D. Propranolol-mediated attenuation of MMP-9 excretion in infants with hemangiomas. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. doi:10.1001/jamaoto.2013.4773 eTable. List of All of the Proteins Identified by Proteomics This supplementary material has been provided by the authors to give readers additional information about their work. © 2013 American Medical Association. All rights reserved. Downloaded From: https://jamanetwork.com/ on 10/01/2021 eTable. List of All of the Proteins Identified by Proteomics Protein Name Prop 12 mo/4 Pred 12 mo/4 Δ Prop to Pred mo mo Myeloperoxidase OS=Homo sapiens GN=MPO 26.00 143.00 ‐117.00 Lactotransferrin OS=Homo sapiens GN=LTF 114.00 205.50 ‐91.50 Matrix metalloproteinase‐9 OS=Homo sapiens GN=MMP9 5.00 36.00 ‐31.00 Neutrophil elastase OS=Homo sapiens GN=ELANE 24.00 48.00 ‐24.00 Bleomycin hydrolase OS=Homo sapiens GN=BLMH 3.00 25.00 ‐22.00 CAP7_HUMAN Azurocidin OS=Homo sapiens GN=AZU1 PE=1 SV=3 4.00 26.00 ‐22.00 S10A8_HUMAN Protein S100‐A8 OS=Homo sapiens GN=S100A8 PE=1 14.67 30.50 ‐15.83 SV=1 IL1F9_HUMAN Interleukin‐1 family member 9 OS=Homo sapiens 1.00 15.00 ‐14.00 GN=IL1F9 PE=1 SV=1 MUC5B_HUMAN Mucin‐5B OS=Homo sapiens GN=MUC5B PE=1 SV=3 2.00 14.00 ‐12.00 MUC4_HUMAN Mucin‐4 OS=Homo sapiens GN=MUC4 PE=1 SV=3 1.00 12.00 ‐11.00 HRG_HUMAN Histidine‐rich glycoprotein OS=Homo sapiens GN=HRG 1.00 12.00 ‐11.00 PE=1 SV=1 TKT_HUMAN Transketolase OS=Homo sapiens GN=TKT PE=1 SV=3 17.00 28.00 ‐11.00 CATG_HUMAN Cathepsin G OS=Homo -
Table S1 the Four Gene Sets Derived from Gene Expression Profiles of Escs and Differentiated Cells
Table S1 The four gene sets derived from gene expression profiles of ESCs and differentiated cells Uniform High Uniform Low ES Up ES Down EntrezID GeneSymbol EntrezID GeneSymbol EntrezID GeneSymbol EntrezID GeneSymbol 269261 Rpl12 11354 Abpa 68239 Krt42 15132 Hbb-bh1 67891 Rpl4 11537 Cfd 26380 Esrrb 15126 Hba-x 55949 Eef1b2 11698 Ambn 73703 Dppa2 15111 Hand2 18148 Npm1 11730 Ang3 67374 Jam2 65255 Asb4 67427 Rps20 11731 Ang2 22702 Zfp42 17292 Mesp1 15481 Hspa8 11807 Apoa2 58865 Tdh 19737 Rgs5 100041686 LOC100041686 11814 Apoc3 26388 Ifi202b 225518 Prdm6 11983 Atpif1 11945 Atp4b 11614 Nr0b1 20378 Frzb 19241 Tmsb4x 12007 Azgp1 76815 Calcoco2 12767 Cxcr4 20116 Rps8 12044 Bcl2a1a 219132 D14Ertd668e 103889 Hoxb2 20103 Rps5 12047 Bcl2a1d 381411 Gm1967 17701 Msx1 14694 Gnb2l1 12049 Bcl2l10 20899 Stra8 23796 Aplnr 19941 Rpl26 12096 Bglap1 78625 1700061G19Rik 12627 Cfc1 12070 Ngfrap1 12097 Bglap2 21816 Tgm1 12622 Cer1 19989 Rpl7 12267 C3ar1 67405 Nts 21385 Tbx2 19896 Rpl10a 12279 C9 435337 EG435337 56720 Tdo2 20044 Rps14 12391 Cav3 545913 Zscan4d 16869 Lhx1 19175 Psmb6 12409 Cbr2 244448 Triml1 22253 Unc5c 22627 Ywhae 12477 Ctla4 69134 2200001I15Rik 14174 Fgf3 19951 Rpl32 12523 Cd84 66065 Hsd17b14 16542 Kdr 66152 1110020P15Rik 12524 Cd86 81879 Tcfcp2l1 15122 Hba-a1 66489 Rpl35 12640 Cga 17907 Mylpf 15414 Hoxb6 15519 Hsp90aa1 12642 Ch25h 26424 Nr5a2 210530 Leprel1 66483 Rpl36al 12655 Chi3l3 83560 Tex14 12338 Capn6 27370 Rps26 12796 Camp 17450 Morc1 20671 Sox17 66576 Uqcrh 12869 Cox8b 79455 Pdcl2 20613 Snai1 22154 Tubb5 12959 Cryba4 231821 Centa1 17897 -
The Basal Bodies of Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii Susan K
Dutcher and O’Toole Cilia (2016) 5:18 DOI 10.1186/s13630-016-0039-z Cilia REVIEW Open Access The basal bodies of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Susan K. Dutcher1* and Eileen T. O’Toole2 Abstract The unicellular green alga, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, is a biflagellated cell that can swim or glide. C. reinhardtii cells are amenable to genetic, biochemical, proteomic, and microscopic analysis of its basal bodies. The basal bodies contain triplet microtubules and a well-ordered transition zone. Both the mother and daughter basal bodies assemble flagella. Many of the proteins found in other basal body-containing organisms are present in the Chlamydomonas genome, and mutants in these genes affect the assembly of basal bodies. Electron microscopic analysis shows that basal body duplication is site-specific and this may be important for the proper duplication and spatial organization of these organelles. Chlamydomonas is an excellent model for the study of basal bodies as well as the transition zone. Keywords: Site-specific basal body duplication, Cartwheel, Transition zone, Centrin fibers Phylogeny and conservation of proteins Centrin, SPD2/CEP192, Asterless/CEP152; CEP70, The green lineage or Viridiplantae consists of the green delta-tubulin, and epsilon-tubulin. Chlamydomonas has algae, which include Chlamydomonas, the angiosperms homologs of all of these based on sequence conservation (the land plants), and the gymnosperms (conifers, cycads, except PLK4, CEP152, and CEP192. Several lines of evi- ginkgos). They are grouped together because they have dence suggests that CEP152, CEP192, and PLK4 interact chlorophyll a and b and lack phycobiliproteins. The green [20, 52] and their concomitant absence in several organ- algae together with the cycads and ginkgos have basal isms suggests that other mechanisms exist that allow for bodies and cilia, while the angiosperms and conifers have control of duplication [4]. -
A Computational Approach for Defining a Signature of Β-Cell Golgi Stress in Diabetes Mellitus
Page 1 of 781 Diabetes A Computational Approach for Defining a Signature of β-Cell Golgi Stress in Diabetes Mellitus Robert N. Bone1,6,7, Olufunmilola Oyebamiji2, Sayali Talware2, Sharmila Selvaraj2, Preethi Krishnan3,6, Farooq Syed1,6,7, Huanmei Wu2, Carmella Evans-Molina 1,3,4,5,6,7,8* Departments of 1Pediatrics, 3Medicine, 4Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, 5Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, the 6Center for Diabetes & Metabolic Diseases, and the 7Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202; 2Department of BioHealth Informatics, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, 46202; 8Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202. *Corresponding Author(s): Carmella Evans-Molina, MD, PhD ([email protected]) Indiana University School of Medicine, 635 Barnhill Drive, MS 2031A, Indianapolis, IN 46202, Telephone: (317) 274-4145, Fax (317) 274-4107 Running Title: Golgi Stress Response in Diabetes Word Count: 4358 Number of Figures: 6 Keywords: Golgi apparatus stress, Islets, β cell, Type 1 diabetes, Type 2 diabetes 1 Diabetes Publish Ahead of Print, published online August 20, 2020 Diabetes Page 2 of 781 ABSTRACT The Golgi apparatus (GA) is an important site of insulin processing and granule maturation, but whether GA organelle dysfunction and GA stress are present in the diabetic β-cell has not been tested. We utilized an informatics-based approach to develop a transcriptional signature of β-cell GA stress using existing RNA sequencing and microarray datasets generated using human islets from donors with diabetes and islets where type 1(T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) had been modeled ex vivo. To narrow our results to GA-specific genes, we applied a filter set of 1,030 genes accepted as GA associated. -
Emerging Roles for Multifunctional Ion Channel Auxiliary Subunits in Cancer T ⁎ Alexander S
Cell Calcium 80 (2019) 125–140 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Cell Calcium journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ceca Emerging roles for multifunctional ion channel auxiliary subunits in cancer T ⁎ Alexander S. Hawortha,b, William J. Brackenburya,b, a Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK b York Biomedical Research Institute, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Several superfamilies of plasma membrane channels which regulate transmembrane ion flux have also been Auxiliary subunit shown to regulate a multitude of cellular processes, including proliferation and migration. Ion channels are Cancer typically multimeric complexes consisting of conducting subunits and auxiliary, non-conducting subunits. Calcium channel Auxiliary subunits modulate the function of conducting subunits and have putative non-conducting roles, further Chloride channel expanding the repertoire of cellular processes governed by ion channel complexes to processes such as trans- Potassium channel cellular adhesion and gene transcription. Given this expansive influence of ion channels on cellular behaviour it Sodium channel is perhaps no surprise that aberrant ion channel expression is a common occurrence in cancer. This review will − focus on the conducting and non-conducting roles of the auxiliary subunits of various Ca2+,K+,Na+ and Cl channels and the burgeoning evidence linking such auxiliary subunits to cancer. Several subunits are upregu- lated (e.g. Cavβ,Cavγ) and downregulated (e.g. Kvβ) in cancer, while other subunits have been functionally implicated as oncogenes (e.g. Navβ1,Cavα2δ1) and tumour suppressor genes (e.g. CLCA2, KCNE2, BKγ1) based on in vivo studies. The strengthening link between ion channel auxiliary subunits and cancer has exposed these subunits as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. -
The P53/P73 - P21cip1 Tumor Suppressor Axis Guards Against Chromosomal Instability by Restraining CDK1 in Human Cancer Cells
Oncogene (2021) 40:436–451 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41388-020-01524-4 ARTICLE The p53/p73 - p21CIP1 tumor suppressor axis guards against chromosomal instability by restraining CDK1 in human cancer cells 1 1 2 1 2 Ann-Kathrin Schmidt ● Karoline Pudelko ● Jan-Eric Boekenkamp ● Katharina Berger ● Maik Kschischo ● Holger Bastians 1 Received: 2 July 2020 / Revised: 2 October 2020 / Accepted: 13 October 2020 / Published online: 9 November 2020 © The Author(s) 2020. This article is published with open access Abstract Whole chromosome instability (W-CIN) is a hallmark of human cancer and contributes to the evolvement of aneuploidy. W-CIN can be induced by abnormally increased microtubule plus end assembly rates during mitosis leading to the generation of lagging chromosomes during anaphase as a major form of mitotic errors in human cancer cells. Here, we show that loss of the tumor suppressor genes TP53 and TP73 can trigger increased mitotic microtubule assembly rates, lagging chromosomes, and W-CIN. CDKN1A, encoding for the CDK inhibitor p21CIP1, represents a critical target gene of p53/p73. Loss of p21CIP1 unleashes CDK1 activity which causes W-CIN in otherwise chromosomally stable cancer cells. fi Vice versa 1234567890();,: 1234567890();,: Consequently, induction of CDK1 is suf cient to induce abnormal microtubule assembly rates and W-CIN. , partial inhibition of CDK1 activity in chromosomally unstable cancer cells corrects abnormal microtubule behavior and suppresses W-CIN. Thus, our study shows that the p53/p73 - p21CIP1 tumor suppressor axis, whose loss is associated with W-CIN in human cancer, safeguards against chromosome missegregation and aneuploidy by preventing abnormally increased CDK1 activity. -
Supplementary Table S1. Prioritization of Candidate FPC Susceptibility Genes by Private Heterozygous Ptvs
Supplementary Table S1. Prioritization of candidate FPC susceptibility genes by private heterozygous PTVs Number of private Number of private Number FPC patient heterozygous PTVs in heterozygous PTVs in tumors with somatic FPC susceptibility Hereditary cancer Hereditary Gene FPC kindred BCCS samples mutation DNA repair gene Cancer driver gene gene gene pancreatitis gene ATM 19 1 - Yes Yes Yes Yes - SSPO 12 8 1 - - - - - DNAH14 10 3 - - - - - - CD36 9 3 - - - - - - TET2 9 1 - - Yes - - - MUC16 8 14 - - - - - - DNHD1 7 4 1 - - - - - DNMT3A 7 1 - - Yes - - - PKHD1L1 7 9 - - - - - - DNAH3 6 5 - - - - - - MYH7B 6 1 - - - - - - PKD1L2 6 6 - - - - - - POLN 6 2 - Yes - - - - POLQ 6 7 - Yes - - - - RP1L1 6 6 - - - - - - TTN 6 5 4 - - - - - WDR87 6 7 - - - - - - ABCA13 5 3 1 - - - - - ASXL1 5 1 - - Yes - - - BBS10 5 0 - - - - - - BRCA2 5 6 1 Yes Yes Yes Yes - CENPJ 5 1 - - - - - - CEP290 5 5 - - - - - - CYP3A5 5 2 - - - - - - DNAH12 5 6 - - - - - - DNAH6 5 1 1 - - - - - EPPK1 5 4 - - - - - - ESYT3 5 1 - - - - - - FRAS1 5 4 - - - - - - HGC6.3 5 0 - - - - - - IGFN1 5 5 - - - - - - KCP 5 4 - - - - - - LRRC43 5 0 - - - - - - MCTP2 5 1 - - - - - - MPO 5 1 - - - - - - MUC4 5 5 - - - - - - OBSCN 5 8 2 - - - - - PALB2 5 0 - Yes - Yes Yes - SLCO1B3 5 2 - - - - - - SYT15 5 3 - - - - - - XIRP2 5 3 1 - - - - - ZNF266 5 2 - - - - - - ZNF530 5 1 - - - - - - ACACB 4 1 1 - - - - - ALS2CL 4 2 - - - - - - AMER3 4 0 2 - - - - - ANKRD35 4 4 - - - - - - ATP10B 4 1 - - - - - - ATP8B3 4 6 - - - - - - C10orf95 4 0 - - - - - - C2orf88 4 0 - - - - - - C5orf42 4 2 - - - - -
Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Demonstrates the Molecular and Cellular Reprogramming of Metastatic Lung Adenocarcinoma
ARTICLE https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-16164-1 OPEN Single-cell RNA sequencing demonstrates the molecular and cellular reprogramming of metastatic lung adenocarcinoma Nayoung Kim 1,2,3,13, Hong Kwan Kim4,13, Kyungjong Lee 5,13, Yourae Hong 1,6, Jong Ho Cho4, Jung Won Choi7, Jung-Il Lee7, Yeon-Lim Suh8,BoMiKu9, Hye Hyeon Eum 1,2,3, Soyean Choi 1, Yoon-La Choi6,10,11, Je-Gun Joung1, Woong-Yang Park 1,2,6, Hyun Ae Jung12, Jong-Mu Sun12, Se-Hoon Lee12, ✉ ✉ Jin Seok Ahn12, Keunchil Park12, Myung-Ju Ahn 12 & Hae-Ock Lee 1,2,3,6 1234567890():,; Advanced metastatic cancer poses utmost clinical challenges and may present molecular and cellular features distinct from an early-stage cancer. Herein, we present single-cell tran- scriptome profiling of metastatic lung adenocarcinoma, the most prevalent histological lung cancer type diagnosed at stage IV in over 40% of all cases. From 208,506 cells populating the normal tissues or early to metastatic stage cancer in 44 patients, we identify a cancer cell subtype deviating from the normal differentiation trajectory and dominating the metastatic stage. In all stages, the stromal and immune cell dynamics reveal ontological and functional changes that create a pro-tumoral and immunosuppressive microenvironment. Normal resident myeloid cell populations are gradually replaced with monocyte-derived macrophages and dendritic cells, along with T-cell exhaustion. This extensive single-cell analysis enhances our understanding of molecular and cellular dynamics in metastatic lung cancer and reveals potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets in cancer-microenvironment interactions. 1 Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Korea. -
Copy Number Variation in Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder
Biochemistry and Cell Biology Copy number variation in fetal alcohol spectrum disorder Journal: Biochemistry and Cell Biology Manuscript ID bcb-2017-0241.R1 Manuscript Type: Article Date Submitted by the Author: 09-Nov-2017 Complete List of Authors: Zarrei, Mehdi; The Centre for Applied Genomics Hicks, Geoffrey G.; University of Manitoba College of Medicine, Regenerative Medicine Reynolds, James N.; Queen's University School of Medicine, Biomedical and Molecular SciencesDraft Thiruvahindrapuram, Bhooma; The Centre for Applied Genomics Engchuan, Worrawat; Hospital for Sick Children SickKids Learning Institute Pind, Molly; University of Manitoba College of Medicine, Regenerative Medicine Lamoureux, Sylvia; The Centre for Applied Genomics Wei, John; The Centre for Applied Genomics Wang, Zhouzhi; The Centre for Applied Genomics Marshall, Christian R.; The Centre for Applied Genomics Wintle, Richard; The Centre for Applied Genomics Chudley, Albert; University of Manitoba Scherer, Stephen W.; The Centre for Applied Genomics Is the invited manuscript for consideration in a Special Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder Issue? : Keyword: Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder, FASD, copy number variations, CNV https://mc06.manuscriptcentral.com/bcb-pubs Page 1 of 354 Biochemistry and Cell Biology 1 Copy number variation in fetal alcohol spectrum disorder 2 Mehdi Zarrei,a Geoffrey G. Hicks,b James N. Reynolds,c,d Bhooma Thiruvahindrapuram,a 3 Worrawat Engchuan,a Molly Pind,b Sylvia Lamoureux,a John Wei,a Zhouzhi Wang,a Christian R. 4 Marshall,a Richard F. Wintle,a Albert E. Chudleye,f and Stephen W. Scherer,a,g 5 aThe Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital 6 for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada 7 bRegenerative Medicine Program, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada 8 cCentre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.