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Investigation of Subsurface Tar-Sand Deposits in Western Kentucky David A

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Investigation of Subsurface Tar-Sand Deposits in Western Kentucky David A University of Kentucky UKnowledge Kentucky Geological Survey Information Circular Kentucky Geological Survey 1982 Investigation of Subsurface Tar-Sand Deposits in Western Kentucky David A. Williams University of Kentucky, [email protected] Martin C. Noger University of Kentucky Patrick J. Gooding University of Kentucky, [email protected] Right click to open a feedback form in a new tab to let us know how this document benefits oy u. Follow this and additional works at: https://uknowledge.uky.edu/kgs_ic Part of the Geology Commons Repository Citation Williams, David A.; Noger, Martin C.; and Gooding, Patrick J., "Investigation of Subsurface Tar-Sand Deposits in Western Kentucky" (1982). Kentucky Geological Survey Information Circular. 34. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/kgs_ic/34 This Report is brought to you for free and open access by the Kentucky Geological Survey at UKnowledge. It has been accepted for inclusion in Kentucky Geological Survey Information Circular by an authorized administrator of UKnowledge. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ISSN 0075-5583 KENTUCKY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY, LEXINGTON Donald C. Haney, Director and State Geologist INVESTIGATION OF SUBSURFACE TAR-SAND DEPOSITS IN WESTERN KENTUCKY A Preliminary Study of the Big Clifty Sandstone Member of the Golconda Formation (Mississippian) in Butler County and Parts of Edmonson, Grayson, Logan, and Warren Counties David A. Williams, Martin C. Noger, and Patrick J. Gooding INFORMATION CIRCULAR 7 SERIES XI, 1982 https://doi.org/10.13023/kgs.ic07.11 ISSN 0075-5583 KENTUCKY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY, LEXINGTON Donald C. Haney, Director and State Geologist INVESTIGATION OF SUBSURFACE TAR-SAND DEPOSITS IN WESTERN KENTUCKY A Preliminary Study of the Big Clifty Sandstone Member of the Golconda Formation (Mississippian) in Bu~ler County and Parts of Edmonson, Grayson, Logan, and Warren Counties David A. Williams, Martin C. Noger, and Patrick J. Gooding https://doi.org/10.13023/kgs.ic07.11 INFORMATION CIRCULAR 7 ---------­ SERIES XI, 1982 UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY Warren H. Anderson, Geologist II Otis A . Singletary, Presiden t Jack R. Moody, Geologist II Art Gallaher, Jr., Vi ce President for Aca demic Affairs Mary E. Barron, Senior Laboratory Assistant W imberly C. Royster, Dean of Graduate School and Coordinator of Oil and Gas Section: Research Louis R. Ponsetto, Head James Y. McDonald, Ex ec utive Director, University of Kentucky Martin C. Noger, Geologist IV Research Foundation Frank H. Walker, Geologist IV John G. Beard, Geologist IV, Henderson Office KENTUCKY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Patrick J . Gooding, Geologist II ADVISORY BOARD Brandon C. Nuttall, Geologist I David A. Zegeer, Chairman, Lexington Julia Martin, Library Technicia n I Phil M . Miles, Vi ce Chairman, Lexington Richard W. Taulbee, Senior Laboratory Assista nt David E. Bayer, Lexington Robert R. Daniel, Laboratory Assistant John G. Donan, Sr., Madisonville Water Section: Wallace W. Hagan, Le xington John D. Kiefer, Head and Assistant State Geologist Henry L. Hinkle, Paris James S. Dinger, Geologist IV J. Edward Parker, Lexington Steven Cordiviola, Geologist Ill W . J . Reynolds, Allen Fred Lawrence, Geologist Ill Henry A. Spalding, Hazard James Kipp, Geologist II Henry Stratton, Pikeville Margaret A. Townsend, Geologist II Ralph N. Thomas, Owensboro Robert C. Holladay, Drafting Technician George H. Warren, Jr., Owensboro Edwin A . Morford, ·Core Driller Ill Lee E. Crawfort, Senior Scientific Analyst Programmer KENTUCKY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Donald C. Haney, Director and State Geologist Preston McGrain, Assistant State Geologist, Water, Minerals, SPECIAL PROJECTS DIVISION and Maps Projects John D. Kiefer, Assistant State Geologist, Energy Kentucky Department for Natural Resources and ADMINISTRATIVE DIVISION Environmental Protection - Aquifer Characterization Steven Cordiviola, Principal Investigator Personnel and Finance Section: Margaret A . Townsend, Geologist II James Hamilton, Administrative Staff Officer II Robert C. Holladay, Drafting Tec hnician Margaret Fernandez, Administrative Accounts Clerk Kentucky Institute for Mining and Minerals Research - Coal Clerical Section: Reserves, Eastern Kentucky Brenda L. Hayden, Administrative Secretary Ru ssell A . Brant, Principal Investigator Anna L. Hopkins, Administrative Secretary Donald R. Chesnut, Jr., Geologist Ill Sherry A . McKune, Administrative Secretary Kenneth L. Gill, Geologist II Norma J. Reynolds, Administrative Secretary Elisa beth R. Portig, Geologist II Jean Kelly, Secretary Wayne T . Frankie, Geologist I Juanita G. Smith, Secretary, Henderson Office Joseph P. Hamilton, Geologist I Publications Section: Ri chard A . Smath, Geologist I Donald W . Hutcheson, Head Kentucky Institute for Mining end Minerals Margaret K. Luther, Assistant Editor Research- Limestone Investigations Roger B Potts, Chief Cartographic Illustrator Garland R. Dever, Jr. , Principal Investigator Lynn D. Guindon, Principal Drafting Tec hnician Jack R. Moody, Geologist fl Freda M . Harris, Drafting Technician U.S. Geological Survey- Coal Hydrology, Eastern Kentucky William A . Briscoe, Ill, Sales Supervisor James S. Dinger, Principal Investigator Uimuel W. Waite, Account Clerk II Fred Lawrence, Geologist Ill Michael N. Clay, Stores Worker James Kipp, Geologist fl Patrick H. McHaffie, Geolooist/ Geographer II Edwin A . Morford, Core Driller Ill GEOLOGICAL DIVISION U. S. Geological Survey- Coal Sampling, Eastern Kentucky Coal Section: James C. Currens, Principal Investigator Lexington Office U. S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission - Geologic James C. Cobb, Head Studies of Faults and Terraces Ru ssell A . Brant, Geologist V Richard E. Sergeant, Principal Investigator Donald R. Chesnut, Jr. , Geologist Ill Roy Van Arsda le , Geologist Ill James C. Currens, Geologist Ill U.S. Geological Survey- Compilation of Coal Data Richard E. Sergeant, Geologist Ill in the State of Kentucky Kenneth L. Gill, Geologist II James C. Cobb, Principal Investigator Elisabeth R. Portig, Geologist II Ernie R. Slucher, Geologist I Wayne T. Frankie, Geologist I U. S. Geological Survey- Kentucky Cartographic Joseph P. Ha milton, Geologist I Inventory Ernie R. Slucher, Geologist I Patrick H. McHaffie, Principal Investigator Kentucky Department of Energy- Feasibility Assessment Richard A . Smath, Geologist I of Unconventional Gas in Kentucky Henderson Office Allen D. Williamson, Geologist IV Louis R. Ponsetto, Principal Investigator U. S. Geological Survey- Mine Map Inventory of David A . Williams, Geologist Ill Roxanne Bingemer, Geologist I Western Kentucky Richard E. Sergeant, Principal Investigator Industrial and Metallic Minerals Section: John K. Hiett, Geologist I Preston McGrain, Head and Assistant State Geologist Benn ie D. Perry, Laboratory Technician I Garland R. Dever, Jr., Geologist IV CONTENTS Page Abstract .................. .......................... ........... 1 Background ...................................................... 1 Stratigraphy ...................................................... 3 Structure ........................................................ 5 Petroleum occurrences and recovery projects ............................ 6 Summary ........................................................ 7 References cited ........ ........... ............................... 7 Appendix ........................................................ 8 ILLUSTRATIONS Plate Page 1. Preliminary net sandstone isopach of the Big Clifty Sandstone Member of the Golconda Formation .. .......... ................... In pocket 2. Preliminary structure on top of the Beech Creek Limestone Member of the Golconda Formation ................................. In pocket Figure 1. Regional surface tectonic features and areas of tar-sand outcrop in western Kentucky ...................................... 2 2. Generalized columnar section showing principal tar-sand units in western Kentucky ................................. 3 3. Geologic quadrangle maps used to compile outcrop area of Big Clifty Sandstone ....................................... 4 INVESTIGATION OF SUBSURFACE TAR-SAND DEPOSITS IN WESTERN KENTUCKY David A. Williams, Martin C. Noger, and Patrick J. Gooding ABSTRACT Tar sands (also referred to as asphaltic sandstones, heavy-oil deposits, or bitumen-im­ pregnated sandstones) in western Kentucky have been recognized as a potential min­ eral resource for over l 00 years. Past commercial development has been restricted largely to use as paving material. However, because of the ever-expanding demands for energy, these deposits have become the subject of increasing interest as a potential petroleum resource. Previous studies have provided estimates of the potential resources of shallow mineable tar-sand deposits; these investigations have concentrated on the outcrop areas where tar sands are present at or near the surface. Data on subsurface deposits have been lacking, however, and currently no reports are available which evaluate the potential oil resources associated with the occurrences of deeper tar-sand deposits in western Kentucky. The Kentucky Geological Survey has initiated a project to inventory and evaluate the oil-resource potential of asphaltic sandstones in the subsurface of western Kentucky. The purpose of this report is to evaluate the subsurface occurrences of asphaltic sand­ stones in the Big Clifty Sandstone Member of the Golconda Formation in a portion of the tar-sand area of western Kentucky. This evaluation is based on a compilation of pub­ lished
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