Seroepidemiological Study of Visceral Leishmaniasis (Kala-Azar) in Ardabil Province, Iran, 1986 – 2009

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Seroepidemiological Study of Visceral Leishmaniasis (Kala-azar) in Ardabil Province, Iran, 1986 – 2009

* Molaie S , Mohebali M ** , Gangi A *** , Pourfarzi F **** , ABSTRACT: Emdadi D ***** , Modarres - sadrani N ****** , Nasiri M ******* , Soleimanzadeh Gh ******** , Introduction & Objective: Visceral Leishmaniasis (kala-azar) is Farajzadeh M ********* , the most important endemic disease in Northwestern Iran, Zarei Z ********** . *MSc in Parasitology, Kala-azar laboratory, particularly in Ardabil province. This study aimed to review the Meshkin-Shahr Health Center seroepidemiological studies which have been performed in Ardabil ** Professor of Medical Parasitology, province during 1986-2009. Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health and Institute of Public Health Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Materials & Methods: In this descriptive analytical study, studies Iran which have been carried out from 1986 through 2009 in *** General Practitioner, Disease Group, Health Center, Ardabil University of Northwestern Iran about clinical, diagnostic and epidemiological Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran features of Kala azar, using DAT, were reviewed. Collected data **** Associate Professor of Epidemiolgy, Department of Epidemiolgy, Faculty of were analyzed using the SPSS software. Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran ***** Results: in total, 2703 of human visceral leishmaniasis were MSc in Entomology , Disease Group, Health Assistant, Ardabil University of detected by direct agglutination test (DAT) in Ardabil province, Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran 1787 (66.1%) of them were from Meshkin-shahr district, 837 (31%) ****** BSc in laboratory, Disease Group, Health Assistant, Ardabil University of cases were from Moghan district, and 79 (2.9%) cases were from Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran Downloaded from armaghanj.yums.ac.ir at 2:26 +0330 on Saturday September 25th 2021 ******* Ardabil district. Ninety eight percent of the cases were under 10 BSc in laboratory, Center laboratory, ≥ Meshkin-Shahr Health Center, Ardabil years old while only 0.5% of the VL cases were 20 years old and University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, 17% of them were under 1 year of age. Iran ******** Professor of Pediatric, Department of Nutrition & School Health, Health Center of East Azarbaijan Province, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Conclusion: Currently Kala-Azar is the most important endemic Iran ********* disease in Northwestern Iran, particularly in Ardabil province. Anti- Professor of Pediatric, Department of Leishmania ≥ Pediatric, Vali-Asr Hospital of Meshkin- antibodies at the titers of 1:3200 using DAT along Shahr, Tabriz University of Medical with clinical signs including fever, anemia and hepatosplenomegaly Sciences, Tabriz, Iran ********** are considered as active visceral leishmaniasis. DAT antibody titer BSc in Entomology, Meshkin-Shahr Research Station, Ardabil, Iran. of 1/800 and lower and absent of clinical signs is considered as negative VL. Received: 01/05/2010 Accepted:17/08/2010

Corresponding Author: Mohebali M Email: [email protected] Key words: Visceral Leishmaniasis (kala-azar), seroepidemiology, Human

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East Azarbaijan province. 2 Congress of infectious diseases, Tehran, Iran,1989. 10.Harith A. Slappendel RJ, Reiter I, Van knapen F, de korte P, Huigen F, etal. Application of direct agglutination test for detection of specific anti-Leishmania antibodies in the canine reservoir. J Clin Microbiol 1989; 27(10): 2252- 7. 11.Edrissian GhH, Hajjaran H, Mohebali M, Soleimanzadeh G, Bokaei S. Application and evaluation of direct agglutination test in serodiagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis in man and canine reservoirs in Iran. Iranian J Med Sci 1996; 21: 119- 24. 12.Mohebali M, Edrissian GhH, Nadim A, Hajjaran H, Akhoundi B, HooshmandB, et al. Application of direct agglutination test (DAT) for the diagnosis and seroepidemiological studies of visceral leishmaniasis in Iran.Iranian J Parasitol 2006; 1:15-5. 13.SoleimanZadeh G, Edrrisian Gh, Movahed danesh AM, Nadim A. Seroepidemiological aspects of Kala-Azar in Meshkinshahr, Iran: Human infection. Bull World Health org 1993; 71(6): 759- 62. 14.Meshkin-Shahr Diseases Management Center, Annual Communicable Diseases Reports:1986- 2009. 15.Travi BL, Osorio Y. Gender is a major drterminant of the clinical evolution and immune response in hamsters infected with Lieshmania spp. Inf Immunol 2002; 70(5): 2288- 96. 16.Sharma MC, Gupta AK, Saran R, sinha SP. The effect of age and sex on incidence of Kala- Azar. J Commun Dis 1990; 22(4): 277- 8. 17.Kheirabadi MO, Hamadi K, Mohebali M, Mamishi S, Arshi Sh. Epidemiologocal characteristics of Kala-Azar in hospitalized Patients in the province of Ardebil. Tumsj 2003; 2(11): 11- 24. 18.Soleimanzadeh G, Edrissian Gh, Nadim A, Clinical aspects of kala-azar in Meshkin-Shahr, Downloaded from armaghanj.yums.ac.ir at 2:26 +0330 on Saturday September 25th 2021 Germi and Moghan districts from Ardabil province. J Med Council Islamic Rep Iran 1997; 5: 31-8.

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