Oulun Shotokan Karate-Do

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Oulun Shotokan Karate-Do TERMINOLOGIA, 専門用語 Oulun Shotokan Karate - Do Käännökset eivät ole välttämättä sanatarkkoja, pyrkivät kuvaamaan merkitystä. LYÖNNIT ZUKI-WAZA 突き ISKUT UCHI-WAZA 打ち技 Zuki – lyönti (kyynärvarsi suorassa) Uchi – isku (kyynärvarsi 90° kulmassa) Age-zuki – nouseva lyönti rystysillä Empi-uchi – kyynärpääisku Awase-zuki – U-lyönti (molemmilla käsillä) Haito-uchi – isku peukalon puoleisella käden syrjällä Gyaku-zuki – vastakkaislyönti (takakädellä) Shuto-uchi – isku veitsikädellä, pikkusormen Hasami-zuki – saksilyönti (esim. Chinte) dfggggggggg puoleisella kämmensyrjällä Heiko-zuki – kahden käden rinnakkaislyönti Heikō- Teisho-uchi – kämmenkannan isku (esim. Jion) aaaaaaaaaa dachista Tettsui-uchi – vasaralyönti Ippon nukite – yhden sormen lyönti (esim. Unsū) Uraken – isku kämmenselän puoleisilla rystysillä Kagi-zuki – koukkulyönti (kyynärvarsi 90° kulmassa) Kizami-zuki – etukäden lyönti (lantio auki) Mawashi-zuki – kiertolyönti POTKUT GERI-WAZA 足蹴り Morote-zuki – kahden käden lyönti Geri – potku Nagashi-zuki – väistö etukäden lyönti Kekomi – työntävä potku Nakadaka Ippon Ken – lyönti keskisormi kohotettuna Keage – sivaltava/piiskamainen potku Nihon nukite – kahden sormen lyönti (esim. Chinte) Ashi barai – pyyhkäisypotku Nukite – sormenpäälyönti Fumikomi – polkaisupotku Oi-zuki – etukäden lyönti askeleella (lantio kiinni) Hiza-geri – polvipotku Ren-zuki – toistuvia lyöntejä vuorokäsin Kin-geri – etupotku varpaat suorassa Tate-zuki – lyönti, jossa peukalo ylöspäin Kakato-geri – kantapääpotku (eteenpäin) Tettsui – lyönti pikkusormen puoleisella Mae-geri – etupotku päkiällä aaaaaaaakämmensyrjällä *Mae-mae-geri – etupotku etujalalla Ura-zuki – lyönti, jossa kämmen ylöspäin Mawashi-geri – kiertopotku Yama-zuki – leveä U-lyönti (molemmilla käsillä) **Mae-ashi-mawashi-geri – kietopotku Neko-ashi- Yoko-zuki – lyönti sivulle aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaadachin kautta TORJUNNAT UKE-WAZA 受け技 Ren-geri – toistuvia potkuja samalla jalalla Tatsumaki Senpuu Kyaku – tornadopotku Uke – torjunta (puolustaja) ***Tobi-geri – hyppypotku (esim. Mae-tobi-geri) Age-uke – ylätorjunta Ura-mawashi-geri – koukkupotku Gedan barai – alatorjunta Ushiro-geri – kantapääpotku (taaksepäin) Haishu-uke – veitsikäden torjunta Zenkutsu- ****Ushiro-mawashi-geri – takakiertopotku aaaaaaaaaaaadachissa Ushiro-ura-mawashi-geri – takakierto koukkupotku Hijisuri-uke – kyynärpään liu’utus torjunta Yoko-geri-keage – sivaltava/piiskamainen sivupotku Kakiwake-uke – kiilatorjunta (esim. Heian Yondan) Yoko-geri-kekomi – työntävä sivupotku Mawashi-uke – kiertotorjunta (esim. Nijushiho) Morote-uke – tuettu etukäden torjunta *Mae – etuliite tarkoittaa etujalan potkua Nagashi-uke – väistö kämmensyrjän torjunta **Mae-ashi – etuliite tarkoittaa etujalan potkua Otoshi-uke – putoava torjunta (esim. Jion) aaaaaaaaaa Neko-ashi-dachin kautta Tate-shuto-uke – veitsikäden torjunta kyynärvarsi ***Tobi – väliliite tarjoittaa hyppypotkua aaaaaaaaaaaaaaasuorassa ****Ushiro – etuliite tarkoittaa kiertopotkua Shuto-uke – veitsikäden torjunta Kōkutsu-dachissa Soto-uke – keskivartalon torjunta (sisäänpäin) Sukui-uke – pyyhkäisytorjunta (esim. Nijushiho) Uchi-uke – keskivartalon torjunta (ulospäin) Yuji-uke – ristitorjunta SEISONNAT DACHI-WAZA 立ち方 KÄSKYT Dachi – asento Hajime – aloittakaa Kawate – valmistaudu otteluun Hangetsu-dachi – pitkä tiimalasi seisonta (puolikuu Kiritsu – nouskaa ylös aaaaaaaaaaaaaa asento) Kotai – parin vaihto Heikō-dachi – hartioiden levyinen seisonta varpaat Mawatte – kääntyä aaaaaaaaaa eteenpäin Mokusō – hiljentykää tyhjentämään mieli Heisoku-dachi – seisonta, jossa kantapäät ja varpaat Otagai ni – toista kohti aaaaaaaaaaaaa ovat yhdessä Otagai ni rei – kumarrus toiselle Hiza-dachi – polviasento Otakai ni taishi - kääntyä toista kohti Kiba-dachi – ratsastaja-asento, varpaat eteenpäin Rei – kumarrus Kōkutsu-dachi - seisonta, jossa paino on takajalalla Ritsurei – kumarrus pystystä Kosa-dachi – ristiseisonta Sensei ni rei – kumarrus opettajalle Musubi-dachi – seisonta, jossa varpaat ovat 45° Sensei ni taishi – kääntyä opettajaa kohti Naihanchi-dachi – tiimalasi seisonta jalat samalla Shomei ni rei – kumarrus karaten esi-isille aaaaaaaaaaaaaaa viivalla Shugo – rivimuodostelma Neko-ashi-dachi – kissa-asento Seiza – muodollinen istuma-asento Renoji-dachi – korkea L-kirjaimen muotoinen Yame – lopettaa aaaaaaaaaaaaseisonta Yoi – valmistautua Sanchin-dachi – lyhyt tiimalasi seisonta Shiko-dachi – ratsastaja-asento, jossa varpaat 45° YLEISTÄ Sōchin-dachi (Fudō-dachi) – horjumaton/juurtunut Budo – taistelulajit aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa seisonta Bunkai – käytännön tekniikka Teiji-dachi – korkea T-kirjaimen muotoinen seisonta Chudan – keskikorkeus Tsuru-ashi-dachi (Sagi-ashi-dachi) – kurkiseisonta Do – tie (elämän polku) Zenkutsu-dachi - seisonta, jossa paino on etujalalla Dojo – harjoitussali KEHON OSAT JA ISKUALUEET Gedan – alakorkeus Goshin jutsu – itsepuolustus tekniikka Ashi – jalka Hikite – vetäväkäsi Atama – otsa Hidari – vasen Empi – kyynärpää Jodan – yläkorkeus Hara – vatsa (alue) Kamae – suojaus Haishu – kämmenselkä Kara – tyhjä Haisoku – jalkapöytä Karate – tyhjä käsi Haito – peukalon puoleinen kämmensyrjä Karate Gi – karatepuku Hiza – polvi Karateka – karaten harjoittelija Hiraken – ensimmäisten rystysten nyrkki Kata – liikesarja/muoto Ippon Ken – yhden rystysen nyrkki Kiai – huuto Kakato – kantapää Kihon – perustekniikka Kakuto – taivutettu ranne Kime – voiman keskittäminen Kao – kasvot Kokyu Ho – hengitys metodi Keito – kananpää käsi Kumite – ottelu Koshi – päkiä Makiwara – pehmustettu iskulauta Kumade – karhukäsi (tiikerikäsi) Migi – oikea Nukite – sormenpäät Obi – vyö Seiken – normaali nyrkki Oss – ymmärtää/kunnioittaa Senaka – selkä Senpai – opettaja, joka ei ole saavuttanut mustaa Shuto – veitsikäsi aaaaaaa vyötä Sokuto – jalkaterän syrjä Sensei – opettaja, joka on saavuttanut mustan vyön Te – käsi Shihan – mestari opettaja / opettajien opettaja Teisho – kämmenkanta Suri-ashi – liukuva askel Tekubi – ranne Tori – hyökkääjä Tsumasaki – varpaat Uke – puolustaja Washide – kotkakäsi Waza – tekniikka LUKUSANAT KATA – NIMIEN MERKITYS Ichi – yksi Ni – kaksi Taikyoku Shodan – ensimmäinen perusta San – kolme Heian Shodan – rauhallinen mieli, ensimmäinen taso Shi – neljä Heian Nidan – rauhallinen mieli, toinen taso Go – viisi Heian Sandan – rauhallinen mieli, kolmas taso Roku – kuusi Heian Yondan – rauhallinen mieli, neljäs taso Shichi – seitsemän Heian Godan – rauhallinen mieli, viides taso Hachi – kahdeksan Kyu – yhdeksän Tekki Shodan – rautahevosen ratsastus, esimmäinen taso Ju – kymmenen Tekki Nidan – rautahevosen ratsastus, toinen taso Ju ichi – yksitoista Tekki Sandan – rautahevosen ratsastus, kolmas taso Ju ni – kaksitoista Bassai Dai – tunkeutua linnoitukseen - (iso) Ju san – kolmetoista Bassai Shō – tunkeutua linnoitukseen - (pieni) Ju shi – neljätoista Ju go – viisitoista Kankū Dai – katsella taivaalle - (iso) Ju roku – kuusitoista Kankū Shō – katsella taivaalle - (pieni) Ju shichi – seitsemäntoista Gojūshiho Dai – 54 askelta - (iso) [tikan koputus] Ju hachi – kahdeksantoista Gojūshiho Shō – 54 askelta - (pieni) Ju kyu – yhdeksäntoista Ni ju – kaksikymmentä Hangetsu – puolikuu Empi/Enpi – lentävä pääskynen VYÖARVO Jion – rakkaus ja hyvyys / armo 1. dan – Shodan Jiin/Ji’in – rakkaus ja varjo / käänteinen armo 9. kyū – Kukyū 2. dan – Nidan Jitte – kymmenen kättä 8. kyū – Hachikyū 3. dan – Sandan Meikyo – kirkas peili 7. kyū – Nanakyū 4. dan – Yondan Nijūshiho – 24 askelta 6. kyū – Rokkyū 5. dan – Godan Wankan – keisarin kruunu 5. kyū – Gokyū 6. dan – Rokudan Gankaku – kurki kivellä 4. kyū – Yonkyū 7. dan – Shichidan Sōchin – vahvuus ja rauhallisuus / tyyni voima 3. kyū – Sankyū 8. dan – Hachidan Chinte – harvinainen käsi 2. kyū – Nikyū 9. dan – Kudan Unsū – pilvi kädet 1. kyū – Ikkyū 10. dan – Jūdan KATA 型 – HISTORIA JA HAVAINNOLLISTAMINEN TAIKYOKU SHODAN 太極初段 Kaikista alkeellisin kata. Sen kehitti Sensei Funakoshin poika. Opettaa aloittaville oppilaille katan perusperiaatteen. Siinä on pelkästään Gedan Barai ja Oi-zuki tekniikoita, (Sama muotu kuin Heian Shodanissa). HEIAN 平安 Luotu suhteellisen äskettäin, alun perin tunnettu nimellä Pinan, Okinawalaisesta lausumistyylistä johtuen, joka oli kiinaan taipuvainen. Sensei Gichin Funakoshi päätti ottaa käyttöön japanilaisen lausumistyylin Heian. Heian katoja pidetään peruskatoina aloittaville oppilaille. TEKKI 鉄騎 Alun perin tunnettu nimellä Naihanchi. Sensei Funakoshi nimesi katat uudelleen heijastakseen Kiba-dachin voimaa. Tekki katoissa on taistelutekniikoita, jotka tarjoaa tukea lähitaisteluun. BASSAI DAI 抜塞大 Katan vahvat tekniikat korostavat lantion käytön tärkeyttä. Jotkut tekniikat muistuttavat muurinmurtajia, joita käytettiin linnoituksia vastaan. BASSAI SHŌ 抜塞小 Kehittyi Bassai Dai katasta, siinä on samanlainen suorituslinja. KANKŪ DAI 観空大 Suurin osa Heian katojen elementeistä on peräisin tästä katasta. Ensimmäisessä liikkeessä katsotaan taivaalle, joka symboloi maailmankaikkeutta ja osoittaa vastustajalle, että olet aseeton. Se oli Sensei Funakoshin suosikki kata. KANKŪ SHŌ 観空小 Kehittyi Kanku Dai katasta, siinä on samanlainen suorituslinja. GOJŪSHIHO DAI 五十四歩大 Yksi Shotokanin edistyneimmistä katoista. Sensei Funakoshi kutsui sitä nimellä Hotaku (tikan koputus), koska jotkut liikkeet kuvastavat tikan nokan koputusta puuhun. GOJŪSHIHO SHŌ 五十四歩小 Pienempi versio Gojushiho Dai katasta. Sitä pidetään myös yhtenä edistyneimmistä Shotokanin katoista. HANGETSU 半月 Kata sai nimensä sen perusseisonnasta Hangetsu-dachista (puolikuu asento). Katassa keskitytään hengitystekniikkaan. EMPI/ENPI 燕飛 Katan nopea ylös ja alas liikkuminen muistuttaa
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