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Distribution of Aeolothrips Intermedius Bagnall (Thysanoptera: Aeolothripidae) and Its Potential Prey Thysanoptera Species on Different Cultivated Host Plants

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Distribution of Aeolothrips Intermedius Bagnall (Thysanoptera: Aeolothripidae) and Its Potential Prey Thysanoptera Species on Different Cultivated Host Plants J Pest Sci (2005) 78: 217–226 DOI 10.1007/s10340-005-0096-3 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Stanislav Trdan Æ Ljiljana Andjus Emilija Raspudic´Æ Milica Kacˇ Distribution of Aeolothrips intermedius Bagnall (Thysanoptera: Aeolothripidae) and its potential prey Thysanoptera species on different cultivated host plants Received: 24 January 2005 / Published online: 13 July 2005 Ó Springer-Verlag 2005 Abstract The results of the monitoring of Thysanoptera Introduction species on cultivated plants in Slovenia (2000–2001), Croatia (1994–1996), and Serbia and Montenegro Thrips as crop pests (1988–2003) are presented in this study. The aim of the investigation was to study the host plant distribution of Thrips are mostly known as insects living in flowers, but the predator Aeolothrips intermedius Bagnall and its many species live only on leaves, a few are predatory, and potential prey. Banded thrips were found on 30 different probably about half of the species feed on fungi (Palmer host plant species belonging to 16 botanical families, et al. 1989). The damage on plants caused by thrips due to always in mixed populations with phytophagous or their feeding or their deposition of eggs is often ascribed to facultative phytophagous insects (including 18 Thysa- other pests, especially if observed and/or evaluated by noptera species). On the vegetative parts of the culti- non-professionals. Of 5,000 thrips species recorded vated plants, banded thrips were found less numerous in worldwide, only 1% are known to be economically spite of the massive population of some harmful thrips harmful (Mound and Teulon 1995); while on different species. This indicates highly important role of pollen as continents, the number of harmful Thysanoptera species alternative food for Aeolothrips intermedius. very rarely approaches the number of 10 (Jenser and Czencz 1988; Chang 1995; Gahukar 2004). In this sense, Keywords Aeolothrips Æ Distribution Æ Hosts Æ western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis [Per- Predator Æ Thysanoptera gande]) (van Dijken et al. 1994; Kirk and Terry 2003) and onion thrips (Thrips tabaci Lindeman) (van Rijn et al. 1995; de Jager et al. 1997; Theunissen and Schelling 1997) are considered to be harmful in Europe, while banded Communicated by W. Schwenke greenhouse thrips (Hercinothrips femoralis [Reuter]), gladiolus thrips (Thrips simplex [Morison]), pear thrips S. Trdan (&) Chair of Entomology and Phytopathology, (Taeniothrips inconsequens [Uzel]), pea thrips (Kakothrips Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Agronomy, pisivorus [Westwood]), privet thrips (Dendrothrips ornatus University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, [Jablonowski]) and some other species are considered less 1111 Ljubljana, Slovenia important, since their occurrence and the following E-mail: [email protected] damages on cultivated plants are not observed every year Tel.: +386-1-4231161 Fax: +386-1-4231088 in economically important level (Kirk 1985; Jenser and Czencz 1988; Andjus 1997; Trdan 2003). L. Andjus Natural History Museum, Njegosˇ eva 51, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia and Montenegro Thrips as biological control agents E. Raspudic´ Faculty of Agriculture, University of J. J. Strossmayer in Osijek, Though much progress has been made during the last Trg Sv. Trojstva 3, 31000 Osijek, Croatia 15 years in the sense of making the control of insects M. Kacˇ (Insecta), mites (Acarina) and other pests on cultivated Chair of Chemistry, Biotechnical Faculty, crops more environmentally friendly (Wilson et al. 1995; Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, Milevoj 1999), and the number of such investigations is 1111 Ljubljana, Slovenia steadily increasing during the last years (Arthurs et al. 218 2003; Kishimoto 2003; Nielsen et al. 2003), it is an The great majority of the species of this genus (about 100 interesting fact that there are not enough reliable data species have been recorded so far) spend most of their lives on the predatory efficiency of the autochthonous repre- in flowers, feeding on small arthropods and pollen (Har- sentatives of the Thysanoptera order. per et al. 1989; Patrzich and Klumpp 1991; Mound and Some species of the Haplothrips, Scolothrips, Frankli- Kibby 1998; Yee et al. 2001). Till now, what is known on nothrips, Karnyothrips and Aeolothrips genera as well as the impact of two different types of food for the life and those of the Aleurodothrips, Allelothrips, Androthrips, development of facultative predators is not adequate, al- Apterygothrips, Desmidothrips, Desmothrips, Leptothrips, though some studies in this context were performed in the Erythrothrips, Mymarothrips, Parascolothrips, Podothr- last years (von Zegula et al. 2003). ips, Stictothrips, Stomatothrips, Symphyothrips, Trichinothrips, Veerabahuthrips, Xylaplothrips and Andrewarthaia genera (Palmer et al. 1989; Riudavets Aeolothrips species as predators 1995; zur Strassen 1995; Sabelis and van Rijn 1997) are well-known predators; but in Europe, particularly some More than 20 species of the Aeolothrips genus were re- species of the genus Aeolothrips are considered as poten- corded in Europe (Table 1). The majority of the repre- tially important autochthonous facultative predators. sentatives of the genus are considered to be facultative Table 1 Check-lists of Aeolothrips species recorded in ten different European countries and Iberian Peninsula Country Species Reference Austria A. albicinctus Haliday, A. astutus Priesner, A. ericae Bagnall, zur Strassen, personel communication A. fasciatus (L.), A. intermedius Bagnall, A. melaleucus Haliday, A. versicolor Uzel, A. vittatus Haliday Croatia A. collaris Priesner, A. ericae Bagnall, A. fasciatus (L.), Raspudic´et al. 2003 A. gloriosus Bagnall, A. intermedius Bagnall, A. melaleucus Haliday, A. propinquus Bagnall, A. versicolor Uzel Germany A. albicinctus Haliday, A. astutus Priesner, A. collaris Priesner, zur Strassen, personel communication A. ericae Bagnall, A. fasciatus (L.), A. intermedius Bagnall, A. melaleucus Haliday, A. propinquus Bagnall, A. tenuicornis Bagnall, A. versicolor Uzel, A. vittatus Haliday Hungary A. albicinctus Haliday, A. astutus Priesner, A. ericae Bagnall, zur Strassen, personel communication A. intermedius Bagnall, A. melaleucus Haliday, A. priesneri Knechtel, A. propinquus Bagnall, A. versicolor Uzel, A. vittatus Haliday Iberian peninsula A. albicinctus Haliday, A. andalusiacus zur Strassen, A. balati Pelikan, Goldarazena 1999 A. bournieri Lacasa, A. citricinctus Bagnall, A. collaris Priesner, A. cursor Priesner, A. ericae Bagnall, A. fasciatus (L.), A. gloriosus Bagnall, A. guitiani Berzosa y Maroto, A. intermedius Bagnall, A. linarius Priesner, A. melaleucus Haliday, A. melisi Priesner, A. pelikani Titschack, A. propinquus Bagnall, A. pyrenaicus Bagnall, A. quercicola Bournier, A. tauricus Derbeneva, A. tenuicornis Bagnall, A. versicolor Uzel, A. vittatus Haliday Italy A. albicinctus Haliday, A. astutus Priesner, A. collaris Priesner, zur Strassen, personel communication A. cursor Priesner, A. ericae Bagnall, A. fasciatus (L.), A. gloriosus Bagnall, A. intermedius Bagnall, A. melaleucus Haliday, A. propinquus Bagnall, A. tenuicornis Bagnall, A. versicolor Uzel, A. vittatus Haliday Poland A. astutus Priesner, A. ericae Bagnall, A. fasciatus (L.), Kucharczyk, personel communication A. intermedius Bagnall, A. melaleucus Haliday, A. propinquus Bagnall, A. pulcher Oettingen, A. versicolor Uzel, A. vittatus Haliday Romania A. albicinctus Haliday, A. astutus Priesner, A. collaris Priesner, Oromulu, personel communication A. ericae Bagnall, A. fasciatus (L.), A. intermedius Bagnall, A. melaleucus Haliday, A. priesneri Knechtel, A. pulcher Oettingen, A. verbasci Knechtel, A. versicolor Uzel, A. vittatus Haliday Serbia and Montenegro A. albicinctus Haliday, A. astutus Priesner, A. collaris Priesner, Trdan et al. 2003 A. ericae Bagnall, A. fasciatus (L.), A. intermedius Bagnall, A. melaleucus Haliday, A. pulcher Oettingen, A. versicolor Uzel, A. vittatus Haliday Slovenia A. albicinctus Haliday, A. astutus Priesner, A. ericae Bagnall, Trdan et al. 2003 A. fasciatus (L.), A. intermedius Bagnall, A. melaleucus Haliday, A. versicolor Uzel The Netherlands A. albicinctus Haliday, A. ericae Bagnall, A. fasciatus (L.), Vierbergen, personel communication A. intermedius Bagnall, A. manteli Titschack, A. melaleucus Haliday, A. propinquus Bagnall, A. tenuicornis Bagnall, A. versicolor Uzel, A. vittatus Haliday 219 predators (Mound and Kibby 1998), though several geographically close countries which exhibit considerably differences originating from different size of the species, different reliefs and climates was undertaken. their preference towards different host plants or ar- thropods, their ecology (especially differences in the periods of high population densities of the prey) as well as other factors are to be considered (Moritz 1982). Materials and methods A. intermedius is the most common species of this genus on the Old Continent (Deligeorgidis et al. 2002) The monitoring of thrips presented in this contribution and it is frequently mentioned in the context of biolog- was carried out in Slovenia during 2000–2001 (Trdan ical control (von Zegula et al. 2003). Adult specimens of 2003), on the territory of Serbia and Montenegro during this species are quite similar to those of Aeolothrips 1988–2003 (Andjus 1997, 1998) and in Croatia during fasciatus L., so the two species can very easily lead to 1994–1996 (Raspudic´2003). Samples were collected confusion (zur Strassen, personel communication). from 26 locations
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