Milestones of the Atomic Icebreaking Fleet Development
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Governing the Arctic
Arctic Review on Law and Politics Peer-reviewed article Vol. 10, 2019, pp. 190–216 Governing the Arctic: The Russian State Commission for Arctic Development and the Forging of a New Domestic Arctic Policy Agenda Helge Blakkisrud Norwegian Institute of International Affairs (NUPI) Abstract After a period of relative neglect in the 1990s and early 2000s, the Arctic is back on the agenda of the Russian authorities. To ensure efficient coordination and implementation of its Arctic strategy, the government in 2015 established a State Commission for Arctic Development. It was to serve as a platform for coordinating the implementation of the government’s ambitious plans for the Arctic, for exchange of information among Arctic actors, and for ironing out interagency and interregional conflicts. Based on a case study of the State Commission for Arctic Devel- opment, this article has a twofold goal. First, it explores the current Russian domestic Arctic agenda, mapping key actors and priorities and examining the results achieved so far. Second, it discusses what this case study may tell us the about policy formulation and implementation in Russia today. We find that while the government’s renewed focus on the Arctic Zone has yielded some impressive results, the State Commission has been at best a mixed success. The case study demonstrates how, in the context of authoritarian modernization, the Russian government strug- gles to come up with effective and efficient institutions for Arctic governance. Moreover, the widespread image of a Russian governance model based on a strictly hierarchic “power vertical” must be modified. Russia’s Arctic policy agenda is characterized by infighting and bureaucratic obstructionism: even when Putin intervenes personally, achieving the desired goals can prove difficult. -
The 1994 Arctic Ocean Section the First Major Scientific Crossing of the Arctic Ocean 1994 Arctic Ocean Section
The 1994 Arctic Ocean Section The First Major Scientific Crossing of the Arctic Ocean 1994 Arctic Ocean Section — Historic Firsts — • First U.S. and Canadian surface ships to reach the North Pole • First surface ship crossing of the Arctic Ocean via the North Pole • First circumnavigation of North America and Greenland by surface ships • Northernmost rendezvous of three surface ships from the largest Arctic nations—Russia, the U.S. and Canada—at 89°41′N, 011°24′E on August 23, 1994 — Significant Scientific Findings — • Uncharted seamount discovered near 85°50′N, 166°00′E • Atlantic layer of the Arctic Ocean found to be 0.5–1°C warmer than prior to 1993 • Large eddy of cold fresh shelf water found centered at 1000 m on the periphery of the Makarov Basin • Sediment observed on the ice from the Chukchi Sea to the North Pole • Biological productivity estimated to be ten times greater than previous estimates • Active microbial community found, indicating that bacteria and protists are significant con- sumers of plant production • Mesozooplankton biomass found to increase with latitude • Benthic macrofauna found to be abundant, with populations higher in the Amerasia Basin than in the Eurasian Basin • Furthest north polar bear on record captured and tagged (84°15′N) • Demonstrated the presence of polar bears and ringed seals across the Arctic Basin • Sources of ice-rafted detritus in seafloor cores traced, suggesting that ocean–ice circulation in the western Canada Basin was toward Fram Strait during glacial intervals, contrary to the present -
Northern Sea Route: Development Prospects and Uncertainties
Northern Sea Route: Development Prospects and Uncertainties January 2020 Northern Sea Route: Development Prospects and Uncertainties In 2018, the Northern Sea Route development project was added to Russia’s “2019-2024 Comprehensive Long-Haul Infrastructure Modernization and Expansion Plan” with a budget of over RUB 580 billion (USD 9.25 billion). Rosatom, the Russian state nuclear agency, has announced plans to establish a commercial shipping company and compete with the largest companies in the container shipping business. On the global market, the idea of developing the Northern Sea Route has generated controversial discussions on ecology, climate change and strong competition in the market. The largest shippers and manufacturers, including CMA CGM, MSC and Nike, have stated they will not ship goods through the Arctic Ocean due to the high impact on the regional ecology. PwC has recently completed a comprehensive analysis of the opportunities and threats related to developing the Northern Sea Route. Below, we summarize the major issues and challenges covered in our research. Who needs the Northern Sea Route? Although the Northern Sea Route was opened for The development of the Northern Sea Route took a international navigation back in 1991, step traffic new step forward when Yamal LNG facilities were dynamics was recorded only after 2012. The commissioned in 2017, followed by the inclusion of increase was driven by amendments to Federal Law the Northern Sea Route project in the “2019-2024 No. 155 “On Internal Waters, Territorial Sea and Comprehensive Long-Haul Infrastructure Contiguous Zone”, which legally defined the Modernization and Expansion Plan” with a total boundaries of the Northern Sea Route and budget of over RUB 580 billion for the next five established the Northern Sea Route Administration years. -
Shipping LNG from a Remote Arctic Plant
Shipping LNG from a Remote Arctic Plant Frederic Hannon LNG Shipping Project Manager TOTAL – Gas, Renewables & Power Division YAMAL LNG, a Pilot Project in the Arctic – Some Key Features Shareholders 9.9% 20.0% 50.1% Source: Public information 20.0% ● LNG Plant located in Sabetta, North-East Wells 208 directional and horizontal of the Yamal Peninsula, Russia Capacity 3 x 5.5 MMtpa + 1 x 0,94 MMtpa LNG, 1.2 MMtpa Condensates ● Arctic conditions (Temperatures -52°C / 3 months of polar night) Capex 27 G$ (Yamal LNG) ● Ice free port: 5 months Trains 1,2,3 started ( nameplate 16,5 Mmtpa) T4 pilot under Construction Status ● South Tambey Gas-Condensate Field: construction exploration and development license until 15 ARC7 LNG Carriers, 11 Conventional LNGCs , 2 ARC7 2045 Shipping Condensate tankers Trans-shipment capacity in Zeebrugge and Ship-to-Ship Transfers ● Reservoirs: 1000- 3500 m deep LNG Deliveries Asia, Europe ● Proved & Probable Reserves : 926 billion cubic meters of natural gas An Integrated Project : • Presidential decree on October 10th, 2010 • Final Investment Decision on December 13th, 2013 with Pioneering Solutions in field of logistics and transportation schemes : The Shipping Scheme for the Export of LNG Westbound : annual ice Eastbound : pluri-annual ice Average ice extension : 830 Nmiles / 2,900 Average ice extension 2,100 Nm / 4,900 Nm – 7/9 days Nm – 14/16 days Year Round Northern Sea Route Route Sabetta 16,5 mtpa LNG / Trans-shipment # 220 cargoes Terminal /year Summer Route TRANSHIPMENT : SHIP – STORAGE - SHIP Winter -
Government Support to Upstream Oil & Gas in Russia
GOVERNMENT SUPPORT TO UPSTREAM OIL & GAS IN RUSSIA HOW SUBSIDIES INFLUENCE THE YAMAL LNG AND PRIRAZLOMNOE PROJECTS Page i Government Support to Upstream Oil & Gas in Russia How Subsidies Influence the Yamal LNG and Prirazlomnoe Projects GENEVA-OSLO-MOSCOW JULY 2014 Lars Petter Lunden and Daniel Fjaertoft, Sigra Group PUBLISHED IN PARTNERSHIP BY: www.globalsubsidies.org GOVERNMENT SUPPORT TO UPSTREAM OIL & GAS IN RUSSIA HOW SUBSIDIES INFLUENCE THE YAMAL LNG AND PRIRAZLOMNOE PROJECTS Page ii Government Support to Upstream Oil & Gas in Russia How Subsidies Influence the Yamal LNG and Prirazlomnoe Projects Lars Petter Lunden and Daniel Fjaertoft, Sigra Group Geneva-Oslo-Moscow, July 2014 © 2014 The International Institute for Sustainable Development/WWF Published by the International Institute for Sustainable Development. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This report has been commissioned by the Global Subsidies Initiative (GSI) of the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) thanks to the generous support of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Norway and Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Denmark. The report has been prepared by Lars Petter Lunden and Daniel Fjaertoft, Sigra Group, in coordination with Ivetta Gerasimchuk, PhD in Economics, and Lucy Kitson, IISD-GSI. WWF-Russia has provided communications and outreach support for the report. This report has been peer-reviewed by: • Mikhail Babenko, PhD in Economics, Oil & Gas Officer, WWF Global Arctic Programme • James Henderson, Senior Research Fellow, Oxford Institute for Energy Studies • -
Rosatomflot's Tug Boat 'The PUR' Hoists National Flag
Rosatomflot’s Tug Boat ‘The PUR’ Hoists National Flag 16 May 2016, Murmansk. Rosatomflot's tug boat ‘The PUR’, which will be providing services to the Yamal LNG Project, has hoisted the national flag. The multipurpose tug ‘The PUR’ has been built at the Kranship yard near Krasnodar as part of the Port Fleet Project (provision of port fleet services in Sabetta by Rosatomflot to Yamal LNG). This is an Arc 4, 3.86 MW tug with an open water speed of 14.4 knots. Its maximum draft is 4.93 meters, LOA – 30.87 meters and beam – 11.2 meters. This ship, which carries a crew of 10, has been named after a river in the Yamal Nenets Autonomous Region. “This tug opens up a new chapter in the history of Rosatomflot” – says Vyacheslav Ruksha, General Director of Atomflot, - “Our vessels will be providing a full scope of port fleet services in Sabetta. Together with the nuclear icebreakers, they will be escorting LNG carriers of 170 thousand cubic meters each. Once the liquefaction facility is put into operation, Rosatomflot will be assisting the LNG tankers entering the port every 39 hours. I have no doubt that The PUR’s crew will be up to the challenge”. “Very soon The PUR will begin its operation in Sabetta where it will be assisting at berthing and unberthing of cargo vessels” – says Yamal LNG General Director Evgeniy Kot, - “The total of five vessels - an icebreaker tug, a port ice breaker, and three ice class tugboats – are to be built at several Russian shipyards for Rosatomflot that will be supporting us under a contract for port fleet services from 2014 through to 2040”. -
Nuclear Reactors in Arctic Russia
NUCLEAR REACTORS IN ARCTIC RUSSIA Scenario 2035 The nuclearification of Russian Arctic territories is by Moscow given highest priority for development in shipping, infrastructure and exploration of natural resources. Additionally, the number of navy military reactors in the north will increase substantially over the next 15 years. This scenario paper gives an overview of the situation. The paper is part of the Barents Observer’s analytical popular science studies on developments in the Euro-Arctic Region. Thomas Nilsen June 2019 0 June 2019 The Barents Observer – Nuclear Reactors in Northern Russia, June 2019 1 June 2019 Published by: The Independent Barents Observer Address: Storgata 5, 9900 Kirkenes, Norway E-mail: [email protected] thebarentsobserver.com (English, Russian and Chinese versions of the news-portal) Twitter @BarentsNews Instagram: @BarentsObserver Facebook.com/BarentsObserver/ Author: Thomas Nilsen, E-mail: [email protected] Twitter: @NilsenThomas Photos and illustrations: Rosatom, Rosatomflot, Thomas Nilsen, Oleg Kuleshov, H I Sutton, Atle Staalesen, Alexey Mkrtchyan, Wikimedia Commons. Keywords: Nuclear, Reactors, Icebreakers, Submarines, Northern Fleet, Russia, Arctic, Northern Sea Route, Nuclear Power, Kola Peninsula, Siberia, Arkhangelsk, Severodvinsk, Severomorsk, Murmansk, Pevek, Barents Sea, Kara Sea, White Sea. This publication is financially supported with a grant from the Norwegian Government’s Nuclear Action Plan administrated by the Norwegian Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority. (www.dsa.no/en/). The Barents Observer – Nuclear Reactors in Northern Russia, June 2019 2 June 2019 Introduction At the peak of the Cold War some 150 nuclear-powered submarines were based on the Barents Sea coast of the Kola Peninsula. Many ships were transporting and storing nuclear waste and at shipyards and bases, spent nuclear fuel and radioactive waste was accumulated. -
2-3 October 2018 Sabetta, Moscow
Russian Energy Week 2018 ____ Workshop on the Environmental Advantages of 2-3 OCTOBER 2018 Natural Gas SABETTA, MOSCOW ____ GECF WORKSHOP ON THE ENVIRONMENTAL ADVANTAGES OF Site visit of NATURAL GAS WITH A VISIT TO THE Yamal LNG YAMAL LNG FACILITIES facilities The Gas Exporting Countries Forum (GECF) brings together ____ the world’s leading natural gas producers and exporters. The main objective of the Forum is to promote the sustainable, efficient, and environmentally conscious development and use of natural gas resources, through cooperation and dialogue amongst GECF Member Countries and important stakeholders in the energy sector. The GECF works to ensure reliability and security in supply and demand for natural gas, through coordinated approaches to global energy market developments. In accordance with the GECF Long-Term Strategy and Five Year Working Plan, the ‘GECF Workshop on Environmental Advantages of Natural Gas’ is an opportunity for valuable networking and discussion on the capacity of natural gas resources to meet growing energy needs, while simultaneously supporting environmental, social and economic objectives. GECF WORKSHOP ON THE ENVIRONMENTAL ADVANTAGES OF NATURAL GAS WITH A VISIT TO THE YAMAL LNG FACILITIES Gas Exporting Countries Forum 2 October 2018, Sabetta, Russian Federation Event of Russian Energy Week 2018 8:00 – 13:30 Flight from Moscow (Vnukovo 3) to Sabetta 13:45 – 14:30 A tour of Yamal LNG production facilities (central control room, LNG plant construction site), seaport (taking photos) 14:45 – 15:45 Lunch 16:00 – 18:00 Workshop Opening remarks by H.E. Yury P. Sentyurin, GECF Secretary General Welcoming remarks from NOVATEK representative, a video on Yamal LNG Session 1: The contribution of natural gas to energy transitions Global gas markets have undergone significant transformations in recent years. -
Northern Sea Route Beckons LNG Shippers
Northern Sea Route beckons LNG shippers Global warming may be a threat to glaciers, is revolutionary, a better word would probably be oceanfront cities and fire‐prone forests. evolutionary. Sections of it have been used for centuries. In the early 1500s, Russia's Dmitry But it's also creating new economic opportunities for Gerasimov suggested using the North‐Eastern countries with natural resources in the far north, Passageway (as it was then known) for marine traffic opportunities that some companies and governments between Russia and China. are pushing to exploit. By the mid‐1600s, Russian traders had reached all Opportunities such as the Northern Sea Route, which parts of the route, demonstrating it was theoretically could mean a shorter, faster way to move cargoes — possible for a single vessel to sail the entire route in including liquefied natural gas — to Asia from Russia one voyage. But no one had ever done it. and Norway, and to haul manufactured goods from Asia to Europe. SWEDE SHOWS THE RUSSIANS The Northern Sea Route runs along Russia's northern coast about 3,600 miles between Murmansk in the That honor fell to a Swede named Adolf Nordenskiold. west and the Bering Strait in the east, taking On June 22, 1878, he left Karlsdrona, Sweden, in a 60‐ advantage of the belt of relatively open water formed horsepower wooden sailer‐steamer called the Vega there each summer as the Arctic ice pack retreats. and headed east at a speed of 6 to 7 knots. By late September, he was less than 140 miles from the "What's really driving the Northern Sea Route is global Bering Strait when ice blocked his path and he was commodity prices and natural resource development, obliged to spend the winter near a Chukchi village particularly in Russia," said Lawson Brigham, professor called Pitlekay. -
Indigenous Peoples in the Russian Federation
INDIGENOUS PEOPLES IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION INDIGENOUS PEOPLES IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION Johannes Rohr Report 18 IWGIA – 2014 INDIGENOUS PEOPLES IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION Copyright: IWGIA Author: Johannes Rohr Editor: Diana Vinding and Kathrin Wessendorf Proofreading: Elaine Bolton Cover design and layout: Jorge Monrás Cover photo: Sakhalin: Indigenous ceremony opposite to oil facilities. Photographer: Wolfgang Blümel Prepress and print: Electronic copy only Hurridocs Cip data Title: IWGIA Report 18: Indigenous Peoples in the Russian Federation Author: Johannes Rohr Editor: Diana Vinding and Kathrin Wessendorf Number of pages: 69 ISBN: 978-87-92786-49-4 Language: English Index: 1. Indigenous peoples – 2. Human rights Geographical area: Russian Federation Date of publication: 2014 INTERNATIONAL WORK GROUP FOR INDIGENOUS AFFAIRS Classensgade 11 E, DK 2100 - Copenhagen, Denmark Tel: (45) 35 27 05 00 - Fax: (45) 35 27 05 07 E-mail: [email protected] - Web: www.iwgia.org This report has been prepared and published with the financial support of the Foreign Ministry of Denmark through its Neighbourhood programme. CONTENTS Introduction................................................................................................................................................................. 8 1 The indigenous peoples of the north ................................................................................................................... 9 1.1 Matters of definition ......................................................................................................................................... -
NABOS 2007 International Arctic Expedition Aboard Icebreaker Yamal
NABOS 2007 International Arctic Expedition aboard Icebreaker Yamal September 5 - September 30, 2007 Organizers: International Arctic Research Center, University of Alaska Fairbanks, USA ArcticNet: Network of Centres of Excellence of Canada, Canada Arctic Synoptic Basin-wide Oceanography (ASBO) Project, UK Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Germany Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute, St.Petersburg, Russia Pacific Oceanographic Institute, Vladivostok, Russia Funding Agencies: National Science Foundation (NSF), USA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), USA Office of Navel Research, USA ArcticNet: Network of Centres of Excellence of Canada, Canada Natural Environment Research Council, UK Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Russia Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Japan 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page # Welcome from IARC Director and NABOS Project Leader……… 5 ICEBRECKER YAMAL............................……………........ 6 PLAN OF LABORATORIES...........………………………... 7 LIST OF PARTICIPANTS............................……………… 8 CABIN ASSIGNMENT........………………………………… 10 CRUISE MAP.................................................................... 11 CRUISE SCHEDULE……………………………………….. 12 EXPEDITION MEETINGS AGENDAS…………………….. 13 EXPEDITION OPERATIONAL SCHEDULE ……………... 15 MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION..……………….…….. 18 SERVICE FEES................................................................ 20 DISCRIMINATION AND SEXUAL HARASSMENT REGULATION NOTE....................................................... -
NOVATEK's Sustainability Report 2019
Sustainability Report 2019 Sustainability Report 2019 2 | 3 Contents LETTER FROM THE CHAIRMAN OF NOVATEK’S EXTERNAL SOCIAL POLICY MANAGEMENT BOARD . 4 Cooperation with Russian Regions . 103 LETTER FROM THE DEPUTY CHAIRMAN Educational Programs . 106 OF NOVATEK’S MANAGEMENT BOARD . 8 Preserving Cultural Heritage . 108 Promotion of Sports . 109 REPORT AND REPORTING PROCESS Help to Children in Desperate Need . 109 Report Preparation . 12 Corporate Volunteering . 110 Defining Report Content and Material Topics . 14 Aid to Veterans . 111 Materiality Matrix . 16 EMPLOYMENT PRACTICES COMPANY PROFILE Employee Profile . 114 NOVATEK’s Core Assets as at 31 December 2019 . 21 Employee Motivation and KPI System . 116 Share Capital Structure and Market Capitalization . 22 Personnel Training and Development . 117 Membership and Participation in Trade Associations . 23 Social Policy . 121 Awards and Achievements . 24 Trade Union Relations . 125 Interaction Between Management and Employees SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY Discussing Current Issues . 125 Our Approach to Sustainability . 29 Integrating the United Nations Sustainable PROCUREMENT PRACTICES Development Goals . 30 Procurement Approach . 128 Materials and Equipment Supply Chain CLIMATE CHANGE Management . 129 Climate Change Management . 38 Procurement Performance . 131 Risks and Opportunities . 38 Import Substitution Policy . 131 Climate Protection Initiatives . 42 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT Our Approach to Occupational Health and Safety . 134 Stakeholder Engagement Principles . 46 Operational Control . 137 Stakeholder Engagement Matrix . 48 Accidents and Incidents . 138 Workplace Injury Rate . 140 CORPORATE GOVERNANCE OHS Training . 141 Corporate Governance System . 58 Fire Safety, Civil Defense and Emergencies . 142 Remuneration to the Members of the Board of Directors and Management Board . 64 ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE AND PROTECTION Internal Control and Audit .