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Research in Teaching and Learning About the Holocaust

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Research in Teaching and Learning About the Holocaust Research in Teaching and Learning about the Holocaust ihra_3__innen_druck.indd 1 23.01.2017 12:02:31 IHRA series, vol. 3 ihra_3__innen_druck.indd 2 23.01.2017 12:02:31 International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance (Ed.) Research in Teaching and Learning about the Holocaust A Dialogue Beyond Borders Edited by Monique Eckmann, Doyle Stevick and Jolanta Ambrosewicz-Jacobs O C A U H O L S T L E A C N O N I T A A I N R L E T L N I A R E E M C E M B R A N ihra_3__innen_druck.indd 3 23.01.2017 12:02:32 e Editorial board would like to thank the members of the IHRA Steering Committee on Education Research: Debórah Dwork Wolf Kaiser Eyal Kaminka Paul Salmons Cecilie Stokholm Banke, as well as Stéphanie Fretz for the editorial coordination. ISBN: 978-3-86331-326-5 © 2017 Metropol Verlag + IHRA Ansbacher Straße 70 10777 Berlin www.metropol-verlag.de Alle Rechte vorbehalten Druck: buchdruckerei.de, Berlin ihra_3__innen_druck.indd 4 23.01.2017 12:02:32 Content Declaration of the Stockholm International Forum on the Holocaust ........................................... 9 About the IHRA ............................................ 11 Preface .................................................... 13 Ambassador Mihnea Constantinescu, IHRA Chair Foreword by the Editorial Board ............................. 15 Monique Eckmann, Doyle Stevick, Jolanta Ambrosewicz-Jacobs General Introduction ....................................... 17 Monique Eckmann and Doyle Stevick SECTION I Language-Region Studies on Research in Teaching and Learning about the Holocaust ........................... 33 Introduction ............................................... 35 Monique Eckmann and Oscar Österberg Chapter 1: Research in German ............................. 37 Magdalena H. Gross Chapter 2: Research in Polish ............................... 55 Monique Eckmann Chapter 3: Research in Francophone Regions ................ 67 Oscar Österberg Chapter 4: Research in Nordic Countries .................... 85 ihra_3__innen_druck.indd 5 23.01.2017 12:02:32 Marta Simó Chapter 5: Research in Romance Languages: Latin America, Spain, Portugal and Italy .................... 103 Mikhail Tyaglyy Chapter 6: Research in the East-Slavic Linguistic Region ... 121 Doyle Stevick Chapter 7: Research in English ............................. 153 Zehavit Gross Chapter 8: Research in Hebrew ............................ 169 SECTION II Thematic Studies on Research in Teaching and Learning about the Holocaust .......................... 187 Introduction .............................................. 189 Doyle Stevick Chapter 9: Teaching the Holocaust ......................... 191 Marta Simó, Doyle Stevick and Magdalena H. Gross Chapter 10: Students Learning about the Holocaust ........ 223 Oscar Österberg Chapter 11: Visits and Study Trips to Holocaust-Related Memorial Sites and Museums ......... 247 Monique Eckmann and Magdalena H. Gross Chapter 12: Intergroup Encounters in the Context of Teaching and Learning about the Holocaust ......................... 273 Monique Eckmann and Doyle Stevick General Conclusions ...................................... 285 ihra_3__innen_druck.indd 6 23.01.2017 12:02:32 SECTION III Language Bibliographies .................................. 301 Introduction .............................................. 303 German-Language Bibliography ........................... 305 Polish-Language Bibliography and Anglophone Literature about Poland ................................... 325 French-Language Bibliography ............................ 333 Nordic-Languages Bibliography and Anglophone Literature about (or from) Nordic Countries ................. 341 Romance-Languages Bibliography ......................... 347 East-Slavic Regional Languages Bibliography (in Belarusian, Russian and Ukrainian) ..................... 357 English-Language Bibliography ............................ 367 Hebrew Bibliography ..................................... 387 Authors .................................................. 395 Multi-Year Work Plan: Education Research Report Executive Summary ...................................... 399 ihra_3__innen_druck.indd 7 23.01.2017 12:02:32 ihra_3__innen_druck.indd 8 23.01.2017 12:02:32 Declaration of the Stockholm International Forum on the Holocaust e members of the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance are committed to the Declaration of the Stockholm International Forum on the Holocaust, which reads as follows: 1. e Holocaust (Shoah) fundamentally challenged the foundations of civilization. e unprecedented character of the Holocaust will always hold universal meaning. Aer half a century, it remains an event close enough in time that survivors can still bear witness to the horrors that engulfed the Jewish people. e terrible suering of the many millions of other victims of the Nazis has le an indelible scar across Europe as well. 2. e magnitude of the Holocaust, planned and carried out by the Nazis, must be forever seared in our collective memory. e seless sacrices of those who deed the Nazis, and sometimes gave their own lives to protect or rescue the Holocaust's victims, must also be inscribed in our hearts. e depths of that horror, and the heights of their heroism, can be touchstones in our understanding of the human capacity for evil and for good. 3. With humanity still scarred by genocide, ethnic cleansing, racism, antisemitism and xenophobia, the international community shares a solemn responsibility to ght those evils. Together we must uphold the terrible truth of the Holocaust against those who deny it. We must strengthen the moral commitment of our peoples, and the politi- cal commitment of our governments, to ensure that future genera- tions can understand the causes of the Holocaust and reect upon its consequences. 4. We pledge to strengthen our eorts to promote education, remem- brance and research about the Holocaust, both in those of our coun- tries that have already done much and those that choose to join this eort. 5. We share a commitment to encourage the study of the Holocaust in all its dimensions. We will promote education about the Holocaust in our ihra_3__innen_druck.indd 9 23.01.2017 12:02:32 10 DECLARATION schools and universities, in our communities and encourage it in other institutions. 6. We share a commitment to commemorate the victims of the Holo- caust and to honour those who stood against it. We will encourage appropriate forms of Holocaust remembrance, including an annual Day of Holocaust Remembrance, in our countries. 7. We share a commitment to throw light on the still obscured shadows of the Holocaust. We will take all necessary steps to facilitate the open- ing of archives in order to ensure that all documents bearing on the Holocaust are available to researchers. 8. It is appropriate that this, the rst major international conference of the new millenium, declares its commitment to plant the seeds of a better future amidst the soil of a bitter past. We empathize with the victims' suering and draw inspiration from their struggle. Our com- mitment must be to remember the victims who perished, respect the survivors still with us, and rearm humanity's common aspiration for mutual understanding and justice. ihra_3__innen_druck.indd 10 23.01.2017 12:02:32 About the IHRA e International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance (IHRA) unites govern- ments and experts to shape and advance Holocaust education, remembrance and research world-wide, to speak out on Holocaust related issues includ- ing antisemitism, and to uphold the commitments of the 2000 Stockholm Declaration. e IHRA (formerly the Task Force for International Cooperation on Holocaust Education, Remembrance and Research, or ITF) was initiated in 1998 by former Swedish Prime Minister Göran Persson. Persson decided to establish an international organization that would expand Holocaust education worldwide, and asked President Bill Clinton and former British Prime Minister Tony Blair to join him in this eort. Persson also developed the idea of an international forum of governments interested in discussing Holocaust education, which took place in Stockholm between 27 and 28 January 2000. e Forum was attended by twenty-three Heads of State or Prime Ministers and fourteen Deputy Prime Ministers or Ministers from forty-six governments. e Declaration of the Stockholm International Forum on the Holo- caust was the outcome of the Forum’s deliberations and is the foundation of the IHRA. e IHRA currently has thirty one Member Countries, eleven Observer Countries and seven permanent international partner organiza- tions. Membership is open to all countries, and members must be commit- ted to the Stockholm Declaration and to the implementation of national policies and programs in support of Holocaust education, remembrance, and research. Member Countries are encouraged to develop multilateral partner- ships and to share best practices. e national government of each Mem- ber Country appoints and sends a delegation to IHRA meetings that is com- posed of both government representatives and national experts. In addition to the Academic, Education, Memorials and Museums, and Communication Working Groups, specialized committees have been established to address antisemitism and Holocaust denial, the situation of the Roma and the geno- cide of the Roma, and comparative genocide studies. e IHRA is also in the process of implementing Multi-Year Work Plans that focus on killing sites, access to archives, educational research, and Holocaust Memorial Days. ihra_3__innen_druck.indd 11 23.01.2017
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