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H:\TMDL\Projects\Upper Auglaize River\Report State of Ohio Environmental Protection Agency Division of Surface Water Total Maximum Daily Loads for the Upper Auglaize River Watershed Auglaize River upstream of Cloverdale Final Report August 16, 2004 Bob Taft, Governor Christopher Jones, Director Upper Auglaize River Watershed TMDLs TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary ..................................................v 1.0 Introduction .................................................... 1 2.0 Waterbody Overview ............................................ 7 2.1Description of the Study Area ................................... 7 2.1.1 Ecoregions, Soils and Topography ......................... 8 2.1.2 Population Centers and Point Source Discharges .............. 8 2.1.3 Land Use ............................................ 15 2.1.4 Land Use Changes - Conservation Programs ................ 15 2.2 Water Quality and Biological Assessment ......................... 18 2.2.1 Ohio Water Quality Standards and Designated Uses .......... 18 2.2.2 Use Attainment and Water Quality in the Upper Auglaize River Basin ................................... 20 2.3 Causes and Sources of Impairment .............................. 29 2.3.1 Assessment Unit 1 (AU1)................................ 33 2.3.2 Assessment Unit 2 (AU2)................................ 36 2.3.3 Assessment Unit 6 (AU6)................................ 41 3.0 Problem Statement ............................................. 46 3.1 Target Identification .......................................... 49 3.1.1 Habitat (Flow and Sedimentation) ......................... 49 3.1.2 Dissolved Oxygen (DO) ................................. 50 3.1.3 Total Phosphorus ...................................... 51 3.1.4 Ammonia-N .......................................... 52 3.1.5 Bacteria............................................. 53 3.2Current Deviation from Targets................................. 55 3.2.1 Habitat (Flow and Sedimentation) ......................... 55 3.2.2 Dissolved Oxygen (DO) ................................. 58 3.2.3 Total Phosphorus ...................................... 60 3.2.4 Ammonia-N .......................................... 60 3.2.5 Bacteria............................................. 61 4.0 Total Maximum Daily Loads ..................................... 63 4.1 Load Calculations and Strategies ............................... 63 4.1.1 Habitat (Flow and Sedimentation) ......................... 63 4.1.2 Dissolved Oxygen (DO) ................................. 70 4.1.3 Total Phosphorus ...................................... 74 4.1.4 Ammonia-N .......................................... 82 4.1.5 Bacteria............................................. 84 i Upper Auglaize River Watershed TMDLs 4.2 Critical Conditions and Seasonality .............................. 87 4.3Margin of Safety............................................. 87 5.0 Public Participation ............................................ 90 6.0 Implementation and Monitoring Recommendations ................. 92 6.1 Upper Auglaize TMDL Implementation Strategy .................... 92 6.2 Reasonable Assurances ...................................... 94 6.2.1 Minimum Elements of an Approvable Implementation Plan...... 94 6.2.2 Reasonable Assurances Summary ........................ 95 6.2.3 Point Source Controls .................................. 96 6.2.4 Unsewered Areas Recommendations ......................103 6.2.5 Nonpoint Source Controls ...............................104 6.3 Process for Monitoring and Revision .............................106 References .......................................................108 Appendices Appendix A Water Quality Data Appendix B Sediment Chemistry Data Appendix C Stations Used to Establish Average Temperature and pH for Ammonia Targets Appendix D Qualitative Habitat Evaluation Index (QHEI) Components and Scores Appendix E Land Use Data for Export Coefficient Model Appendix F Wapakoneta CSO Total Phosphorus Load Calculations Appendix G Upper Auglaize Bacteria Model List of Tables Table 1-1. Summary of current status of all water body segments at compared to 1998 303(d) list. ........................................... 3 Table 2-1. NPDES Permitted Dischargers in the Upper Auglaize River Watershed.......................................... 12 Table 2-2. Acres set aside in the counties of the Upper Auglaize watershed .... 17 Table 2-3. Summary of the components and examples of Ohio’s WQS ........ 19 Table 2-4. Aquatic Life Use Attainment Status ........................... 22 Table 2-5. Causes and Sources of Impairment in the Upper Auglaize River Watershed .............................................. 30 ii Upper Auglaize River Watershed TMDLs Table 3-1. Dissolved Oxygen Targets .................................. 51 Table 3-2. Total Phosphorus Targets .................................. 52 Table 3-3. Ammonia-N Targets....................................... 52 Table 3-4. Fecal Coliform Bacteria Targets.............................. 54 Table 3-5. QHEI scores and Deviation from Targets ....................... 58 Table 3-6. Instream DO and Deviation from Targets ....................... 59 Table 3-7. Instream Total Phosphorus Values and Deviation from Target ...... 60 Table 3-8. Observed Ammonia Concentrations and Deviation from Target ...... 61 Table 3-9. Observed Fecal Coliform Bacteria Loads and Deviation from Target.............................................. 62 Table 4-1. Aquatic life use attainment scores stratified by drainage area ....... 64 Table 4-2. Average QHEI component scores stratified by sub-basin .......... 66 Table 4-3. Average QHEI total and high influence modified attributes, substrate embeddedness, and cover type scores stratified by sub-basin............................................. 67 Table 4-4. Component scores for QHEI attributes which are strongly associated with WWH use attainment ......................... 68 Table 4-5. Dissolved Oxygen TMDL Summary ........................... 70 Table 4-6. Current Delphos WWTP Permit Limits ......................... 72 Table 4-7. Recommended Delphos WWTP Permit Limits ................... 74 Table 4-8. Point Source Total Phosphorus Loads ......................... 75 Table 4-9. Public Facilities used to estimate Uniopolis Total Phosphorus Concentration............................................ 76 Table 4-10. Non-Point Source Total Phosphorus Load ...................... 76 Table 4-11. CSO Total Phosphorus Load to Auglaize River at RM 85.5 ......... 78 Table 4-12. Unsewered Area Total Phosphorus Loads ...................... 79 Table 4-13. Phosphorus TMDL and Allocation Table ....................... 82 Table 4-14. Unsewered Area Ammonia Load ............................. 83 Table 4-15. Ammonia TMDL and Allocation .............................. 84 Table 4-16. Bacteria Observed, Target, and Predicted Loads ................. 86 Table 5-1. Auglaize River Watershed public involvement ................... 91 Table 6-1. Recommended Delphos WWTP Permit Limits ...................102 List of Figures Figure 2-1. Hydrologic Unit Codes (HUCs) of the Upper Auglaize River Sub-watershed ....................................... 7 Figure 2-2. Upper Auglaize River Watershed Schematic ..................... 9 Figure 2-3. Landuse Map ............................................ 16 Figure 2-4. Attainment Map (HUC 010) ................................. 34 Figure 2-5. Attainment Map (HUC 020) ................................. 37 Figure 2-6. Attainment Map (HUC 060) ................................. 42 iii Upper Auglaize River Watershed TMDLs Figure 3-1. Average QHEI scores for sample locations with drainage areas < and > 50 mi2 ............................... 56 Figure 3-2. Average sub-basin QHEI scores by Assessment Unit in 2000 ....... 57 Figure 4-1. Pre and Post-Calibration DO Profiles with Observed Conditions ..... 72 Figure 4-2. Low Flow Simulation....................................... 73 iv Upper Auglaize River Watershed TMDLs EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The 1972 Clean Water Act (CWA) Section 303(d) requires States, Territories, and authorized Tribes to list and prioritize waters for which technology-based treatment limits alone do not ensure attainment of water quality standards. Ohio EPA identified 3 Assessment Units (AU1, AU2, and AU6) within the Upper Auglaize River watershed as priority impaired waters on the 1998, 2002, and 2004 303(d) lists. There are 3 Assessment Units (AUs) and part of a Large River Assessment Unit within the Upper Auglaize River watershed, each defined by the boundaries of a Hydrologic Unit and represented by an eleven-digit Hydrologic Unit Code (HUC11). The portion of the Large River Assessment Unit within the Upper Auglaize River study area is meeting its designated aquatic life uses and attaining water quality standards. The Upper Auglaize River basin is a sub-watershed of the Maumee River basin (Lake Erie drainage). Located in west central Ohio, in portions of Auglaize, Allen, Van Wert, Putnam and Paulding counties, it covers approximately 90 miles of the mainstem of the Auglaize River to just upstream of its confluence with the Little Auglaize River, and includes all tributaries except the Ottawa and Blanchard Rivers, encompassing approximately 391 square miles of drainage area and nearly three dozen streams in the five counties. The Upper Auglaize River watershed is intensely agricultural, with approximately 89% of the land used for cropland and pasture, mostly rowcrop on artificially drained soils. A biological and chemical stream survey conducted in 2000 indicated that
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