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BANGLADESH Investment Opportunities in the Agriculture Sector’S Transition to a Climate Resilient Growth Path

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BANGLADESH Investment Opportunities in the Agriculture Sector’S Transition to a Climate Resilient Growth Path CLIMATE-SMART AGRICULTURE INVESTMENT PLAN BANGLADESH Investment opportunities in the agriculture sector’s transition to a climate resilient growth path PAGE A PAGE A BANGLADESH CLIMATE SMART AGRICULTURE INVESTMENT PLAN PAGE B CLIMATE-SMART AGRICULTURE INVESTMENT PLAN BANGLADESH Investment opportunities in the agriculture sector’s transition to a climate resilient growth path MINISTRY OF FISHERIES AND LIVESTOCK l THE WORLD BANKl CALIFORNIA ENVIRONMENTAL ASSOCIATES l INTERNATIONAL CENTER FOR TROPICAL AGRICULTURE l INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR APPLIED SYSTEMS ANALYSIS l BANGLADESH CENTRE FOR ADVANCED STUDIES l CLIMATE CHANGE, AGRICULTURE AND FOOD SECURITY PAGE B PAGE C © 2019 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank 1818 H Street NW Washington DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000 Internet: www.worldbank.org This work is a product of the staff of The World Bank with external contributions. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of The World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. Rights and Permissions The material in this work is subject to copyright. Because The World Bank encourages dissemination of its knowledge, this work may be reproduced, in whole or in part, for noncommercial purposes as long as full attribution to this work is given. Any queries on rights and licenses, including subsidiary rights, should be addressed to World Bank Publications, The World Bank Group, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA; fax: 202-522-2625; e-mail: [email protected]. Cover illustration and design by Brad Amburn Foreword The agriculture systems in Bangladesh face a growing number of climate-related vulnerabilities. Climate has become increasingly variable over the past few decades, with droughts, seasonal and flash flooding, and extreme temperatures occurring more frequently and the sea level rising. Going forward, it will be critical to have an understanding of how best to address the trade-offs and synergies between achieving agricultural and economic goals on one hand and preparing for emerging climate challenges on the other. The use of evidenced-based decision making is a key part of this process. In response, the World Bank is supporting the Government of Bangladesh to integrate climate change considerations into the agriculture policy agenda through a Climate Smart Agriculture Investment Plan (CSAIP). CSAIP is a commitment of the Bank’s Agriculture Global Practice under the IDA18 agenda to support 10 countries to develop national CSA strategies and investment plans. The CSAIP for Bangladesh is the outcome of a partnership between the Government of Bangladesh, led by the Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock through the Government’s Inter-Ministerial Steering Committee1 for the CSAIP and the World Bank. The CSAIP builds on existing strategy documents, including Bangladesh’s Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) and the 7th Five Year Development. It was developed through a process that combines an innovative model developed specifically for the CSAIP, scenario analysis, and consultations with strategic actors in the public and private sectors, civil society, and farmer groups. The results indicate that Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) – an approach to agriculture that integrates across productivity increases, strengthened resilience and climate change mitigation – has the potential to make the national development targets for the agriculture sector in 2041 reachable despite the challenge of climate change. CSA in particular has the potential to greatly increase the production of meat and dairy in the context of climate change. Scaling-up CSA would also enable sustained self-sufficiency in rice production whilst at the same time the shifting to a more diversified portfolio of crops. The CSAIP identifies a set of concrete investment opportunities that are aligned with the Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) and the Bangladesh Delta Plan 2100. We look forward to implementing these investments with the Government of Bangladesh and other partners. Md. Raisul Alam Mondal Mercy Miyang Tembon Secretary Country Director for Bangladesh and Bhutan Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock The World Bank Group 1 Committee membership: Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of Planning, General Economics Division, Ministry of Water, Ministry of Finance, Finance Division, Ministry of Finance, Economic Relation Division, Ministry of Land, Ministry of Environment and Forests, Department of Fisheries, Department of Livestock, Agriculture Extension Department, Department of Environment, Water Development Board, Forest Department, World Bank Representative, Focal Point from Lead Ministry. PAGE I Acknowledgements The authors wish to thank the Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries of Bangladesh, notably Permanent Raisul Alam Mondal, Secretary, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock (MoFL) , Md. Kamruzzaman (former Joint Chief MoFL and Focal Point, and Additional Secretary Ministry of Planning) Towfiqul Arif, Focal Point and Joint Chief MoFL and Golam Rabbani, Chief technical Coordinator, Livestock and Dairy Development Project, who lead the team, for their guidance, contributions and support throughout the study. The authors also wish to thank and acknowledge the continuous guidance and support of Qimiao Fan (former Country Director, Bangladesh), Robert Saum (Acting Country Director, Bangladesh), Rajashree S. Paralkar (former Manager Operations, Bangladesh) Dandan Chan (Manager Operations, Bangladesh), Juergen Voegele (Senior Director, Climate Change), Martien van Nieuwkoop (Global Director for Agriculture, Food and Agriculture Global Practice), Louis Scura (Practice Manager, Food and Agriculture Global Practice), Mary Katherine Hollifield (Practice Manager, Food and Agriculture Global Practice) and Loraine Ronchi (Practice Manager, Food and Agriculture Global Practice) all of the World Bank Group. The report “Bangladesh Climate Smart Agriculture Investment Plan (CSAIP)” was developed by a core team from the World Bank and Government of Bangladesh Inter-Ministerial Committee for the CSAIP led chaired by the Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock and comprised of Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of Planning, General Economics Division, Ministry of Water, Ministry of Finance, Finance Division, Ministry of Finance, Economic Relations Division, Ministry of Land, Ministry of Environment, Forest and climate change, Department of Fisheries, Department of Livestock, Agriculture Extension Department, Department of Environment, Water Development Board, Forest Department, World Bank Representative, Focal Point from Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock . The World Bank Group core team consisted of Manievel Sene (Task Team Leader), Tobias Baedeker (Task Team Leader), Alemayehu Zeleke, Shaikh Moniruzzaman, Martin Wallner, Sebastian Heinz, Md. Mansur Ahmed, Xueling Li, Sandhya Srinivasan, all of the World Bank’s Food and Agriculture Global Practice. The report is based on invaluable contributions of colleagues from collaborating institutions. These include: California Environmental Associates Consulting (CEA) and a team consisting of Antonius Gagern and Michael Berger who led the development of investment packages; a combined team consisting of the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), with Godefroy Grosjean, Felicitas Roehrig, and the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), with Aline Mosnier, which led the analysis and developed the Bangladesh Climate Smart Investment Plan Model; and Dr Abu Syed, Dr. Atiq Rahman, Bangladesh Center of Advanced Studies, who advised on the process, procured data and provided inputs in the CSAIP and implementation support throughout the project. The report was copyedited by Dina Towbin of Dina Towbin and Associates LLC and the graphic design was done by Brad Amburn and Fernanda Rubiano. The report benefitted greatly from comments from peer reviewers, Grant Milne and Ranjan Samantaray of the World Bank as well as Pramod Aggarwal (Regional Program Director, CIMMYT) at different stages of report development. The report benefitted from invaluable guidance and suggestions of many stakeholders who participated in two consultation workshops in September 2017 and April 2018, and separate consultation meetings throughout the process. The list of stakeholders who took part in the consultation and provided valuable feedback is provided at the end of this report . The team also wishes to thank all stakeholders who shared their views in qualitative interviews conducted during the report. PAGE III Abbreviations AAPRESID Argentine Association of Direct Sowing Producers AIS Agricultural Innovation System Amul Anand Milk Union Limited AWD Alternate Wetting and Drying BARC Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council BARD Bangladesh Academy for Rural Development BARI Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute BAU Business as Usual BBDF Bangladesh Biogas Development Foundation BBS Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics BCAS Bangladesh Center for Advanced Studies BCCSAP Bangladesh Climate Change Strategy and Action Plan BDP2100 Bangladesh Delta Plan 2100 BFRI Bangladesh Fisheries
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