DOCSLIB.ORG

DISEASE INFORMATION FACT SHEET Chlamydophila Felis

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
DISEASE INFORMATION FACT SHEET Chlamydophila Felis Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery (2013) 15 , Supplementary File FACT SHEET DISEASE INFORMATION FACT SHEET Chlamydophila felis This Disease Information Fact Sheet accompanies the 2013 AAFP Feline Vaccination Advisory Panel Report published in the Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery (2013), Volume 15, pp 785 –808. AAFP FELINE VACCINATION ADVISORY PANEL Margie A Scherk Disease facts DVM Dip ABVP The 2013 Report of the Feline Vaccination (Feline Practice) Advisory Panel of the American Association of Advisory Panel Chair* Chlamydophila felis (formerly Chlamydia psittaci Feline Practitioners (AAFP) provides practical Richard B Ford recommendations to help clinicians select DVM MS Dip ACVIM var felis ) is a bacterial pathogen with world - DACVPM (Hon) wide distribution. The organism predominant - appropriate vaccination schedules for their ly infects the conjunctiva and causes feline patients based on risk assessment. Rosalind M Gaskell BVSc PhD MRCVS conjunctivitis but has also been associated with The recommendations rely on published data upper respiratory tract disease (URD). Isolation as much as possible, as well as consensus of a Katrin Hartmann multidisciplinary panel of experts in immunology, Dr Med Vet Dr Med Vet Habil rates have been reported to range from approx - Dip ECVIM-CA imately 1 –5% for cats without signs of respira - infectious disease, internal medicine and Kate F Hurley tory tract disease to approximately 10 –30% for clinical practice. The Report is endorsed by the 1–6 DVM MPVM cats with conjunctivitis or URD. International Society of Feline Medicine (ISFM). Transmission of C felis is mainly through Michael R Lappin DVM PhD Dip ACVIM direct cat-to-cat contact. The organism is very labile outside of the host and remains infec - Julie K Levy 10,11 DVM PhD Dip ACVIM tious in the environment for only short peri - tivitis. Therefore, direct contact with Susan E Little ods of time. Serous conjunctivitis, which may respiratory discharges and ocular secretions DVM Dip ABVP (Feline Practice) initially affect only one eye, is the most com - from infected cats should be avoided, espe - 12 Shila K Nordone mon clinical sign, but bilateral disease with cially by immunocompromised people. This MS PhD chemosis and mucopurulent discharges can finding has also been used as a justification for Andrew H Sparkes develop 5 –10 days after infection. Mild sneez - C felis vaccination. BVetMed PhD DipECVIM ing or nasal discharges are sometimes report - Vaccine types MRCVS ed. Although primarily an ocular pathogen, C *Corresponding author: felis has also been isolated from other mucosal Email: [email protected] and epithelial sites including the lower respi - Inactivated adjuvanted and modified-live (ML) ratory tract, the gastrointestinal tract and the injectable vaccines are available, depending on 7–9 reproductive tract. While C felis infection the country. Immunity to C felis is believed to was associated with pneumonitis in some involve a combination of cell-mediated and experimentally inoculated cats, lower respira - humoral mechanisms. However, sterilizing tory disease associated with infection appears immunity is not induced by natural infection to be rare or non-existent in client-owned cats. or vaccination and infected cats typically con - 7,9 Clinical signs usually resolve and infection tinue to shed the organism for many months. can be eradicated with appropriate antimicro - Thus, similar to feline calicivirus (FCV) and 5 bial treatment. feline herpesvirus-1 (FHV-1) vaccines, the pri - There is some limited evidence that the mary goal of C felis vaccine administration is to organism may occasionally be transmitted lessen the potential for clinical disease if a vac - between cats and humans, causing conjunc - cinated cat is exposed to the agent. © ISFM and AAFP 2013 Reprints and permission: sagepub.co.uk/journalsPermissions.nav FACT SHEET / Chlamydophila felis Onset and duration of immunity Advisory Panel Recommendations Little information is available concerning Vaccination against C felis is considered non-core. Vaccination may onset of immunity after C felis vaccine admin - potentially be considered as part of a control regime for cats in multiple-cat istration. However, a significant reduction in environments where infections associated with clinical disease have been clinical signs after challenge has been demon - confirmed. If used, the Advisory Panel recommends following the 13,14 strated at 1 year. manufacturer’s guidelines for the primary immunization series. C felis risk should be reassessed for all cats annually and the vaccine administered, if Vaccine safety deemed necessary. C felis is combined with other antigens in multivalent vaccines. Recent studies have shown that use of these combinations is unlikely to decrease efficacy for any vaccine 7 Masubuchi K, Wakatsuki A, Iwamoto K, 15,16 component. While reactions following Takahashi T, Kokubu T and Shimizu M. Efficacy C felis -containing vaccines are relatively of a new inactivated Chlamydophila felis uncommon, in one large study administration vaccine in experimentally-infected cats. J Feline of a multivalent product (FPV, FHV-1, FCV, C Med Surg 2010; 12: 609 –613. felis ) was significantly associated with 8 Hargis AM, Prieur DJ and Gaillard ET. increased risk of lethargy, with or without Chlamydial infection of the gastric mucosa in 17 fever. Another study found transient pyrex - twelve cats. Vet Pathol 1983; 20: 170 –178. ia, anorexia, lethargy and limb soreness in 9 Wills JM, Gruffydd-Jones TJ, Richmond SJ, some cats 1 –3 weeks after vaccination with a Gaskell RM and Bourne FJ. Effect of vaccination combined FPV, FHV-1, FCV and C felis vac - on feline Chlamydia psittaci infection. Infect cine; similar signs were not seen after admin - Immun 1987; 55: 2653 –2657. istration of a similar vaccine without the 10 Schmeer N, Jahn GJ, Bialasiewicz AA and Weber 18 Chlamydophila component. Inadvertent ocu - A. [The cat as a possible infection source for lar inoculation of modified-live Chlamydophila Chlamydia psittaci keratoconjunctivitis in 19 vaccines will cause typical clinical disease. humans]. Tierarztl Prax 1987; 15: 201 –204. 11 Yan C, Fukushi H, Matsudate H, Ishihara K, References Yasuda K, Kitagawa H, et al. Seroepi - demiological investigation of feline chlamy - diosis in cats and humans in Japan. Microbiol 1 Sykes J, Anderson G, Studdert V and Browning Immunol 2000; 44: 155 –160. G. Prevalence of feline Chlamydia psittaci and 12 Brown RR, Elston TH, Evans L, Glaser C, feline herpesvirus 1 in cats with upper respira - Gulledge ML, Jarboe L, et al. American tory tract disease. J Vet Intern Med 1999; 13: 153. Association of Feline Practitioners. 2003 report 2 Gruffydd-Jones TJ, Jones BR, Hodge H, Rice M on feline zoonoses. Compend Contin Educ Pract and Gething MA. Chlamydia infection in cats Vet 2003; 25: 936 –965. in New Zealand. N Z Vet J 1995; 43: 201 –203. 13 Kolar JR and Rude TA. Duration of immunity 3 Low HC, Powell CC, Veir JK, Hawley JR and in cats inoculated with a commercial feline Lappin MR. Prevalence of feline herpesvirus 1, pneumonitis vaccine. Vet Med Small Anim Clin Chlamydophila felis , and Mycoplasma spp 1981; 76: 1171 –1173. DNA in conjunctival cells collected from cats 14 Wasmoen T, Chu HJ, Chavez L and Acree W. with and without conjunctivitis. Am J Vet Res Demonstration of one year duration of immu - 2007; 68: 643 –648. nity for an inactivated feline Chlamydia 4 Wills JM, Howard PE, Gruffydd-Jones TJ and psittaci vaccine. Feline Pract 1992; 20: 13 –16. Wathes CM. Prevalence of Chlamydia psittaci 15 Brunner C, Kanellos T, Meli ML, Sutton DJ, in different cat populations in Britain. J Small Gisler R, Gomes-Keller MA, et al. Antibody Anim Pract 1988; 29: 327 –339. induction after combined application of an 5 Hartmann AD, Helps CR, Lappin MR, adjuvanted recombinant FeLV vaccine and a Werckenthin C and Hartmann K. Efficacy of multivalent modified live virus vaccine with a pradofloxacin in cats with feline upper respira - chlamydial component. Vaccine 2006; 24: tory tract disease due to Chlamydophila felis or 1838 –1846. Mycoplasma infections. J Vet Intern Med 2008; 16 Guiot AL, Cariou C, Krogmann V, Thibault JC 22: 44 –52. and Poulet H. Compatibility between a rabies 6 Hartmann AD, Hawley J, Werckenthin C, vaccine and a combined vaccine against feline Lappin MR and Hartmann K. Detection of bac - rhinotracheitis, FCV, FPLV and FeLV, and terial and viral organisms from the conjunctiva Chlamydophila felis . Vet Rec 2008; 162: 690 –692. of cats with conjunctivitis and upper respirato - 17 Moore GE, DeSantis-Kerr AC, Guptill LF, ry tract disease. J Feline Med Surg 2010; 12: Glickman NW, Lewis HB and Glickman LT. 775 –782. Adverse events after vaccine administration in Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery (2013) 15 , Supplementary File FACT SHEET / Chlamydophila felis cats: 2,560 cases (2002 –2005). J Am Vet Med Assoc vaccine. Cornell Vet 1993; 83: 311 –323. 2007; 231: 94 –100. 19 Sturgess C, Gruffydd-Jones T, Harbour D and 18 Starr RM. Reaction rate in cats vaccinated with Feilden H. Studies on the safety of Chlamydia a new controlled-titer feline panleukopenia- psittaci vaccination in cats. Vet Rec 1995; 137: rhinotracheitis-calicivirus- Chlamydia psittaci 668 –669. DISEASE INFORMATION FACT SHEETS SUPPLEMENTARY FILES < Feline herpesvirus 1 Fact Sheets accompanying the < Feline calicivirus 2013 AAFP Feline Vaccination Advisory < Feline panleukopenia Panel Report are available, Rabies together with the Pet Owner Guide < included in Appendix 2, at < Feline leukemia virus http://jfms.com < Feline immunodeficiency virus DOI: 10.1177/1098612X13495235 < Feline infectious peritonitis < Chlamydophila felis < Bordetella bronchiseptica GENERAL INFORMATION FACT SHEET PET OWNER GUIDE < The immune response to (APPENDIX 2, pp 807 –808) vaccination: a brief review < Vaccinations for Your Cat Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery (2013) 15 , Supplementary File.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Are You Suprised ?
    B DAMB 721 Microbiology Final Exam B 100 points December 11, 2006 Your name (Print Clearly): _____________________________________________ I. Matching: The questions below consist of headings followed by a list of phrases. For each phrase select the heading that best describes that phrase. The headings may be used once, more than once or not at all. Mark the answer in Part 2 of your answer sheet. 1. capsid 7. CD4 2. Chlamydia pneumoniae 8. Enterococcus faecalis 3. oncogenic 9. hyaluronidase 4. pyruvate 10. interferon 5. Koplik’s spot 11. hydrophilic viruses 6. congenital Treponema pallidum 12. Streptococcus pyogenes 1. “spreading factor” produced by members of the staphylococci, streptococci and clostridia 2. viral protein coat 3. central intermediate in bacterial fermentation 4. persistant endodontic infections 5. a cause of atypical pneumonia 6. nonspecific defense against viral infection 7. has a rudimentary life cycle 8. HIV receptor 9. Hutchinson’s Triad 10. measles 11. resistant to disinfection 12. β-hemolytic, bacitracin sensitive, cause of suppurative pharyngitis 2 Matching (Continued): The questions below consist of diseases followed by a list of etiologic agents. Match each disease with the etiologic agent. Continue using Part 2 of your answer sheet. 1. dysentery 6. Legionnaire’s 2. botulism 7. gas gangrene 3. cholera 8. tuberculosis 4. diphtheria 9. necrotizing fascitis 5. enteric fever 10. pneumoniae/meningitis 13. Clostridium botulinum 14. Vibrio cholera 15. Mycobacterium bovis 16. Shigella species 17. Streptococcus pneumoniae 18. Clostridium perfringens 19. Salmonella typhi 20. Streptococcus pyogenes 3 II. Multiple Choice: Choose the ONE BEST answer. Mark the correct answer on Part 1 of the answer sheet.
    [Show full text]
  • Compendium of Measures to Control Chlamydia Psittaci Infection Among
    Compendium of Measures to Control Chlamydia psittaci Infection Among Humans (Psittacosis) and Pet Birds (Avian Chlamydiosis), 2017 Author(s): Gary Balsamo, DVM, MPH&TMCo-chair Angela M. Maxted, DVM, MS, PhD, Dipl ACVPM Joanne W. Midla, VMD, MPH, Dipl ACVPM Julia M. Murphy, DVM, MS, Dipl ACVPMCo-chair Ron Wohrle, DVM Thomas M. Edling, DVM, MSpVM, MPH (Pet Industry Joint Advisory Council) Pilar H. Fish, DVM (American Association of Zoo Veterinarians) Keven Flammer, DVM, Dipl ABVP (Avian) (Association of Avian Veterinarians) Denise Hyde, PharmD, RP Preeta K. Kutty, MD, MPH Miwako Kobayashi, MD, MPH Bettina Helm, DVM, MPH Brit Oiulfstad, DVM, MPH (Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists) Branson W. Ritchie, DVM, MS, PhD, Dipl ABVP, Dipl ECZM (Avian) Mary Grace Stobierski, DVM, MPH, Dipl ACVPM (American Veterinary Medical Association Council on Public Health and Regulatory Veterinary Medicine) Karen Ehnert, and DVM, MPVM, Dipl ACVPM (American Veterinary Medical Association Council on Public Health and Regulatory Veterinary Medicine) Thomas N. Tully JrDVM, MS, Dipl ABVP (Avian), Dipl ECZM (Avian) (Association of Avian Veterinarians) Source: Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery, 31(3):262-282. Published By: Association of Avian Veterinarians https://doi.org/10.1647/217-265 URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.1647/217-265 BioOne (www.bioone.org) is a nonprofit, online aggregation of core research in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences. BioOne provides a sustainable online platform for over 170 journals and books published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses. Your use of this PDF, the BioOne Web site, and all posted and associated content indicates your acceptance of BioOne’s Terms of Use, available at www.bioone.org/page/terms_of_use.
    [Show full text]
  • Pdf/Bookshelf NBK368467.Pdf
    BMJ 2019;365:l4159 doi: 10.1136/bmj.l4159 (Published 28 June 2019) Page 1 of 11 Practice BMJ: first published as 10.1136/bmj.l4159 on 28 June 2019. Downloaded from PRACTICE CLINICAL UPDATES Syphilis OPEN ACCESS Patrick O'Byrne associate professor, nurse practitioner 1 2, Paul MacPherson infectious disease specialist 3 1School of Nursing, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5, Canada; 2Sexual Health Clinic, Ottawa Public Health, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 5P9; 3Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital General Campus, Ottawa, Ontario What you need to know Box 1: Symptoms of syphilis by stage of infection (see fig 1) • Incidence rates of syphilis have increased substantially around the Primary world, mostly affecting men who have sex with men and people infected • Symptoms appear 10-90 days (mean 21 days) after exposure with HIV http://www.bmj.com/ • Main symptom is a <2 cm chancre: • Have a high index of suspicion for syphilis in any sexually active patient – Progresses from a macule to papule to ulcer over 7 days with genital lesions or rashes – Painless, solitary, indurated, clean base (98% specific, 31% sensitive) • Primary syphilis classically presents as a single, painless, indurated genital ulcer (chancre), but this presentation is only 31% sensitive; – On glans, corona, labia, fourchette, or perineum lesions can be painful, multiple, and extra-genital – A third are extragenital in men who have sex with men and in women • Diagnosis is usually based on serology, using a combination of treponemal and non-treponemal tests. Syphilis remains sensitive to • Localised painless adenopathy benzathine penicillin G Secondary on 24 September 2021 by guest.
    [Show full text]
  • 2012 Case Definitions Infectious Disease
    Arizona Department of Health Services Case Definitions for Reportable Communicable Morbidities 2012 TABLE OF CONTENTS Definition of Terms Used in Case Classification .......................................................................................................... 6 Definition of Bi-national Case ............................................................................................................................................. 7 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ............................................... 7 AMEBIASIS ............................................................................................................................................................................. 8 ANTHRAX (β) ......................................................................................................................................................................... 9 ASEPTIC MENINGITIS (viral) ......................................................................................................................................... 11 BASIDIOBOLOMYCOSIS ................................................................................................................................................. 12 BOTULISM, FOODBORNE (β) ....................................................................................................................................... 13 BOTULISM, INFANT (β) ...................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • 2020 European Guideline on the Management of Syphilis
    DOI: 10.1111/jdv.16946 JEADV GUIDELINES 2020 European guideline on the management of syphilis M. Janier,1,* M. Unemo,2 N. Dupin,3 G.S. Tiplica,4 M. Potocnik, 5 R. Patel6 1STD Clinic, Hopital^ Saint-Louis AP-HP and Hopital^ Saint-Joseph, Paris, France 2WHO Collaborating Centre for Gonorrhoea and other Sexually Transmitted Infections, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Microbiology, Orebro€ University Hospital and Orebro€ University, Orebro,€ Sweden 3Syphilis National Reference Center, Hopital^ Tarnier-Cochin, AP-HP, Paris, France 42nd Dermatological Clinic, Carol Davila University, Colentina Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania 5Department of Dermatovenereology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia 6Department of Genitourinary Medicine, the Royal South Hants Hospital, Southampton, UK *Correspondence to: M. Janier. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract The 2020 edition of the European guideline on the management of syphilis is an update of the 2014 edition. Main modifications and updates include: - The ongoing epidemics of early syphilis in Europe, particularly in men who have sex with men (MSM) - The development of dual treponemal and non-treponemal point-of-care (POC) tests - The progress in non-treponemal test (NTT) automatization - The regular episodic shortage of benzathine penicillin G (BPG) in some European countries - The exclusion of azithromycin as an alternative treatment at any stage of syphilis - The pre-exposure or immediate post-exposure prophylaxis with doxycycline in populations at high risk of acquiring syphilis. Received: 12 June 2020; Accepted: 4 September 2020 Conflicts of interest The authors have no conflicts of interest related to this guideline. Funding sources None. Introduction EEA countries and particularly among men who have sex with Syphilis is a systemic human disease due to Treponema pallidum men (MSM).3 subsp.
    [Show full text]
  • WHO GUIDELINES for the Treatment of Treponema Pallidum (Syphilis)
    WHO GUIDELINES FOR THE Treatment of Treponema pallidum (syphilis) WHO GUIDELINES FOR THE Treatment of Treponema pallidum (syphilis) WHO Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data WHO guidelines for the treatment of Treponema pallidum (syphilis). Contents: Web annex D: Evidence profiles and evidence-to-decision frameworks - Web annex E: Systematic reviews for syphilis guidelines - Web annex F: Summary of conflicts of interest 1.Syphilis – drug therapy. 2.Treponema pallidum. 3.Sexually Transmitted Diseases. 4.Guideline. I.World Health Organization. ISBN 978 92 4 154980 6 (NLM classification: WC 170) © World Health Organization 2016 All rights reserved. Publications of the World Health Organization are available on the WHO website (http://www.who.int) or can be purchased from WHO Press, World Health Organization, 20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland (tel.: +41 22 791 3264; fax: +41 22 791 4857; email: [email protected]). Requests for permission to reproduce or translate WHO publications – whether for sale or for non-commercial distribution– should be addressed to WHO Press through the WHO website (http://www.who.int/about/licensing/ copyright_form/index.html). The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted and dashed lines on maps represent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement. The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers’ products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the World Health Organization in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned.
    [Show full text]
  • Leptospirosis: a Waterborne Zoonotic Disease of Global Importance
    August 2006 volume 22 number 08 Leptospirosis: A waterborne zoonotic disease of global importance INTRODUCTION syndrome has two phases: a septicemic and an immune phase (Levett, 2005). Leptospirosis is considered one of the most common zoonotic diseases It is in the immune phase that organ-specific damage and more severe illness globally. In the United States, outbreaks are increasingly being reported is seen. See text box for more information on the two phases. The typical among those participating in recreational water activities (Centers for Disease presenting signs of leptospirosis in humans are fever, headache, chills, con- Control and Prevention [CDC], 1996, 1998, and 2001) and sporadic cases are junctival suffusion, and myalgia (particularly in calf and lumbar areas) often underdiagnosed. With the onset of warm temperatures, increased (Heymann, 2004). Less common signs include a biphasic fever, meningitis, outdoor activities, and travel, Georgia may expect to see more leptospirosis photosensitivity, rash, and hepatic or renal failure. cases. DIAGNOSIS OF LEPTOSPIROSIS Leptospirosis is a zoonosis caused by infection with the bacterium Leptospira Detecting serum antibodies against leptospira interrogans. The disease occurs worldwide, but it is most common in temper- • Microscopic Agglutination Titers (MAT) ate regions in the late summer and early fall and in tropical regions during o Paired serum samples which show a four-fold rise in rainy seasons. It is not surprising that Hawaii has the highest incidence of titer confirm the diagnosis; a single high titer in a per- leptospirosis in the United States (Levett, 2005). The reservoir of pathogenic son clinically suspected to have leptospirosis is highly leptospires is the renal tubules of wild and domestic animals.
    [Show full text]
  • Gonorrhea, Chlamydia, and Syphilis
    2019 GONORRHEA, CHLAMYDIA, AND SYPHILIS AND CHLAMYDIA, GONORRHEA, Dedication TAG would like to thank the National Coalition of STD Directors for funding and input on the report. THE PIPELINE REPORT Pipeline for Gonorrhea, Chlamydia, and Syphilis By Jeremiah Johnson Introduction The current toolbox for addressing gonorrhea, chlamydia, and syphilis is inadequate. At a time where all three epidemics are dramatically expanding in locations all around the globe, including record-breaking rates of new infections in the United States, stakeholders must make do with old tools, inadequate systems for addressing sexual health, and a sparse research pipeline of new treatment, prevention, and diagnostic options. Lack of investment in sexual health research has left the field with inadequate prevention options, and limited access to infrastructure for testing and treatment have allowed sexually transmitted infections (STIs) to flourish. The consequences of this underinvestment are large: according to the World Health Organization (WHO), in 2012 there were an estimated 357 million new infections (roughly 1 million per day) of the four curable STIs: gonorrhea, chlamydia, syphilis, and trichomoniasis.1 In the United States, the three reportable STIs that are the focus of this report—gonorrhea, chlamydia, and syphilis—are growing at record paces. In 2017, a total of 30,644 cases of primary and secondary (P&S) syphilis—the most infectious stages of the disease—were reported in the United States. Since reaching a historic low in 2000 and 2001, the rate of P&S syphilis has increased almost every year, increasing 10.5% during 2016–2017. Also in 2017, 555,608 cases of gonorrhea were reported to the U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Syphilis NSW Control Guideline for Public Health Units
    Syphilis NSW Control Guideline for Public Health Units Revision history Version Date Revised by Changes Approval 1.0 01/06/2015 CDWG Revision CDNA/AHPPC 1.1 01/08/2016 CDB Case definition CHO 2.0 09/2016 CDB Update to align with the Syphilis Series of CHO National Guidelines (SoNG) v1.0 (endorsed 15 Jan 2015, released 21 Aug 2016), localised for NSW as indicated by [hard brackets]. 3.0 20/03/2019 CDB Update to align with the Syphilis Series of CHO National Guidelines (SoNG) v1.1 (endorsed 17 July 2018, released 03 Aug 2018), localised for NSW as indicated by [hard brackets]. 4.0 04/10/2019 CDB Update to implement timely follow-up of all CHO women of reproductive age in line with changing epidemiological trends in NSW as indicated by [hard brackets] 4.1 13/05/2021 CDB Updated to align with National Syphilis CHO (congenital) case definition v1.3 (endorsed 24 September 2020, implemented 1 January 2021, published 13 January 2021) 1. Summary ........................................................................................................................ 2 2. The disease ..................................................................................................................... 3 3. Routine prevention activities ............................................................................................. 5 4. Surveillance objectives ..................................................................................................... 5 5. Data management ..........................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Zoonotic Diseases Birds
    Zoonotic Diseases Birds Zoonotic diseases Psittacosis (Ornithosis, Chlamydiosis): Psittacosis is caused by the bacteria Chlamydia psittaci. C. psittaci is common in wild birds and can occur in laboratory bird colonies. Infected birds are highly contagious to other birds and to humans. The organism is spread to humans by aerosolization of respiratory secretions or feces from the infected birds. Typical symptoms in the bird are diarrhea, ocular discharge, and nasal discharge. The infection in humans by C.psittaci, can cause fever, headache, myalgia chills, and upper and lower respiratory disease. Serious complications can occur and include pneumonia, hepatitis, myocarditis, thrombophlebitis and encephalitis. It is responsive to antibiotic therapy but relapses can occur in untreated infections. Prevention: Only disease-free flocks should be allowed into the research facility. Wild-caught birds or birds of unknown status should be treated prophylactically for 45 days with chlortetracycline. Animal Biosafety Level 2 practices are recommended for personnel working with naturally infected birds or experimentally infected birds. Wearing NIOSH certified dust masks should be considered in rooms housing birds of unknown health status. Newcastle Disease: Newcastle disease is caused by a paramyxovirus and can be seen in birds both wild and domestic. Transmission is mainly by aerosol but contaminated food, water and equipment can also transmit the infection within bird colonies. Pathogenic strains produce anorexia and respiratory disease in adult birds.Young birds often show neurologic signs. In humans the disease is characterized by conjunctivitis, fever, and respiratory symptoms. Prevention: The disease can be prevented by immunizing susceptible birds and obtaining birds from flocks free of infection.
    [Show full text]
  • Laboratory Diagnostic Testing for Treponema Pallidum
    Laboratory Diagnostic Testing for Treponema pallidum Expert Consultation Meeting Summary Report January 13‐15, 2009 Atlanta, GA This report was produced in cooperation with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Laboratory Diagnostic Testing for Treponema pallidum Expert Consultation Meeting Summary Report January 13‐15, 2009 Atlanta, GA In the last decade there have been major changes and improvements in STD testing technologies. While these changes have created great opportunities for more rapid and accurate STD diagnosis, they may also create confusion when laboratories attempt to incorporate new technologies into the existing structure of their laboratory. With this in mind, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the Association of Public Health Laboratories (APHL) convened an expert panel to evaluate available information and produce recommendations for inclusion in the Guidelines for the Laboratory Diagnosis of Treponema pallidum in the United States. An in‐person meeting to formulate these recommendations was held on January 13‐15, 2009 on the CDC Roybal campus. The panel included public health laboratorians, STD researchers, STD clinicians, STD Program Directors and other STD program staff. Representatives from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) were also in attendance. The target audience for these recommendations includes laboratory directors, laboratory staff, microbiologists, clinicians, epidemiologists, and disease control personnel. For several months prior to the in‐person consultation, these workgroups developed key questions and researched the current literature to ensure that any recommendations made were relevant and evidence based. Published studies compiled in Tables of Evidence provided a framework for group discussion addressing several key questions.
    [Show full text]
  • CHLAMYDIOSIS (Psittacosis, Ornithosis)
    EAZWV Transmissible Disease Fact Sheet Sheet No. 77 CHLAMYDIOSIS (Psittacosis, ornithosis) ANIMAL TRANS- CLINICAL FATAL TREATMENT PREVENTION GROUP MISSION SIGNS DISEASE ? & CONTROL AFFECTED Birds Aerogenous by Very species Especially the Antibiotics, Depending on Amphibians secretions and dependent: Chlamydophila especially strain. Reptiles excretions, Anorexia psittaci is tetracycline Mammals Dust of Apathy ZOONOSIS. and In houses People feathers and Dispnoe Other strains doxycycline. Maximum of faeces, Diarrhoea relative host For hygiene in Oral, Cachexy specific. substitution keeping and Direct Conjunctivitis electrolytes at feeding. horizontal, Rhinorrhea Yes: persisting Vertical, Nervous especially in diarrhoea. in zoos By parasites symptoms young animals avoid stress, (but not on the Reduced and animals, quarantine, surface) hatching rates which are blood screening, Increased new- damaged in any serology, born mortality kind. However, take swabs many animals (throat, cloaca, are carrier conjunctiva), without clinical IFT, PCR. symptoms. Fact sheet compiled by Last update Werner Tschirch, Veterinary Department, March 2002 Hoyerswerda, Germany Fact sheet reviewed by E. F. Kaleta, Institution for Poultry Diseases, Justus-Liebig-University Gießen, Germany G. M. Dorrestein, Dept. Pathology, Utrecht University, The Netherlands Susceptible animal groups In case of Chlamydophila psittaci: birds of every age; up to now proved in 376 species of birds of 29 birds orders, including 133 species of parrots; probably all of the about 9000 species of birds are susceptible for the infection; for the outbreak of the disease, additional factors are necessary; very often latent infection in captive as well as free-living birds. Other susceptible groups are amphibians, reptiles, many domestic and wild mammals as well as humans. The other Chlamydia sp.
    [Show full text]