Physical Setting/Earth ScienceReferencePhysical Setting/Earth Tables —2011Edition 73° 75° 74° 45° 45° Generalized Bedrock Geology of New York State MASSENA modified from GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PLATTSBURGH NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 76° St. Lawrence River 1989 N

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A

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M MT. MARCY A

H C 44° VERMONT 44° WATERTOWN iver

R elevation 75 m LAKE OLD FORGE

LAKE ONTARIO 79° 78° 77° Hudson

OSWEGO

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v UTICA i ROCHESTER

R NIAGARA FALLS

SYRACUSE a

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43° g Mohawk a i

N River BUFFALO elevation 175 m ALBANY LAKE FINGER LAKES ERIE

Genesee River

ITHACA River

JAMESTOWN ELMIRA BINGHAMTON MASSACHUSETTS River SLIDE MT. Susquehanna 42° 42° KINGSTON 79° 78° 77° 76° Delaware

PENNSYLVANIA Hudson

River

GEOLOGIC PERIODS AND ERAS IN NEW YORK

75° CONNECTICUT and PLEISTOCENE (Epoch) weakly consolidated to unconsolidated gravels, sands, and clays NEW JERSEY LATE and EARLY conglomerates,andstones, red s red shales, basalt, and diabase (Palisades sill) SOUND AND PENNSYLVANIAN and MISSISSIPPIAN conglomerates, sandstones, and shales Dominantly ISL G N 73° 41° sedimentary O 41° limestones, shales, sandstones, and conglomerates L origin 41° RIVERHEAD 72° SILURIAN } also contains salt, gypsum, and hematite. NEW YORK } CITY limestones, shales, sandstones, and dolostones LONG ISLAND } ATLANTIC OCEAN CAMBRIAN and EARLY ORDOVICIAN sandstones and dolostones Dominantly moderately to intensely metamorphosed east of the Hudson River metamorphosed 40°30' 73° CAMBRIAN and ORDOVICIAN (undifferentiated) quartzites, dolostones, marbles, and schists rocks 74° 73°30' intensely metamorphosed; includes portions of the Taconic Sequence and Cortlandt Complex Miles TACONIC SEQUENCE sandstones, shales, and slates } Miles N slightly to intensely metamorphosed rocksCAMBRIAN of through MIDDLE ORDOVICIANages Intensely metamorphosed rocks 020401005 30 5040302010 0 MIDDLE PROTEROZOIC gneisses, quartzites, and marbles (regional metamorphism about 1,000 m.y.a.) WE Lines are generalized structure trends. 08604020 0 0204060 80 MIDDLE PROTEROZOIC anorthositic rocks } Kilometers 3 Kilometers S