PRG. 167.A.(N) (Ordy.) 1,085 CENSUS OF INDIA 1961 VOLUME XIV RAJASTHAN PART II-A GENERAL POPULATION TABLES C. S. GUPTA OF THE INDIAN ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICE Superintendent of Census Operations, Rajasthan RAJASTHAN ADMINISTRATIVE . UNfS 211 10. • i IULOt1ETNS 211 0 _._211 10 ~ 10 IGO 1311 140 'f .." DISTRICT Hq. TEHSII.. Hq. MAUl 1$ OMfT'IO ,. I.J ./ • INTRODUCTION Census Procedure-The Census of 1961, was held under the supervision of the State Director of Econo" from 10th February to 5th March, 1961. An army mics and Statistics, Rajasthan, and a second pre-test of trained enumeratOrs was employed for collecting was taken by the State Superintendent of Census information on a Cen'ius Slip in respect of each indivi­ Operations through the agency of staff which was to be dual' after makmg house to house visits. The enumera­ actually used at the time of Census taking. These tion period for this purpose extended from 10th pre-tests resulted in substantial modification of the February to 28th February, 1961. The actual Census proposed Census schedules. date fixed by the Government of India, was the sun­ The Census schedules-consisting of houselists, rise of the 1st March, 1961, with reference to which house-hold schedules and the census slips-were trans­ all the information collected during the enumeration lated into Hindi, which is the regional language, and they period was verified and amended by the enumerators were got printed at the Government cf India Forms during the revisional round from 1st to 5th March, Press, Aligarh, as facilities for printing of such forms 1961. BIrths which had not been noted during the first round were recorded, deaths that had occurred bet­ in large numbers were not available within the State ween the visit of the enumerator and the reference date due to the non-existence of a Rotary Press. In an 500,000 house-lists, 5,750,000 household schedules and were canCelled and new births which had occurred 25,000,000 census slips Were printed. after the visit of the enumerator up to the reference date were included. Org'tmisation of Census Operations-The preparations for the Census were made during the year 1959-60 In all the 26 districts of Rajasthan State, the Col­ in the following six stages:- lector of the district acted as the District Census Officer and under his over-all supervision arrangement for 1. Delimitation of Blocks-Not only several enumeration of the popUlation was made. Every changes have been effected in the State boundaries Sub-Divisional Officer was designated as Sub-Divisional during the recent times but many territorial changes Census Officer and every tehsildar of a tehsil as the have also taken place in the internal boundaries to Charge Officer. Each Charge was divided into well­ form the districts, tehsils etc. The map-making in defined blocks and Enumerators Were appointed for the State has not, unfortunately, kept pace with the each block. Over five blocks a supervisor was appoint­ speed of territorial changes made in the administrative ed incharge of his Circle. In some Charges a Deputy units and so up-to~date J1laps were not available. Charge Officer was appointed to lighten the burden The Census Office in the State had, therefore, to take of the Charge Officer. Sp.::cial Charges were constituted considerable time in sorting out the territorial changes to cover population residing in Defence areas, Rail­ and to incorporate thtID in the maps of districts and way colonies, large industrial and labour colonies tehsils. In the first instance, a list of places to be and important institutions viz. hospitals, hostels etc. treated as towns for this Census was finalised in and Special Charge Officers were appointed for this consultation with the State Governmcpt and an urban purpose under whom enumerators and supervisors area was demarcated from the rest of the rural an.)a. worked. A tehsil was taken as the unit for Census administration All the areas of Rajasthan were cov(;red during the in the rural areas and every revenue village or mauza comprised within a tehsil was assigned a defined loca­ prescribed period of enumeration. There were no non­ synchronous areas in Rajasthan for which special tion code number. arrangement was required to be made at this Census. A block was constituted of roughly 150 households The period of 24 days for enumeration, including or 750 persons in rural area. Small villages were revisional round, was devised primarily to reduce the grouped together to form a block or one whole village burden of enumerators who were drawn from different was constituted into a block. In the case of large sources and to enhance the accuracy of Census. villages, however, more than one block was formed on Pretests-Three types of Census scp.edules, .viz. the basis of this criteria. There was no difficulty in house-list, household schedule and C.;nsus Slip were fixing the boundaries of blocks with referenCe to villages to be used at this Census. These were put to pre­ in rural areas. test for the first time in order to judge the reaction of In urban area, a block was constituted for a popula­ the population and to bring out any dCfects that may tion of approximately 120 hou5eh~lds or 600 persons be in the draft schedules. The first pre-test was held . hut demarcation of blocks within each ward of a town M2SCOR/63-2 ii was a real problem for up-to-date maps of the residential 3,771,119 households containing a popUlation of areas were not available. In large towns baving 20,155,602 persons. 50,000 or more population, detailed maps were prepared 4. Training-The Census operations were under­ showing blocks having definite geographical boundaries taken both for house-numberlDg house-listing and with the assistance of the National Sample Survey enumeration by drawing staff from various Central Organisation of the Government of India. In other and State Government departments, municipalities towns the delimitation of blocks was left to the resources and other rural local bodies. They did not, however, of the local Charge Officers. It can, however, be have sufficient back-ground knowledge of Census stated that no area of Rajasthan State remained without concepts and procedure. It became necessary to the formation of blocks. arrange for repeated training of such staff employed on 2. Census Hierarchy-After delimitation of blocks field work and supervisory action. The State ~uperin­ and circles for each charge it became necessary to tendent ofCensus Operations went round all the districts make appointment of enumerators, supervisors and to hold training classes and practical demonstrations charge officers. One enumerator was appointed for for the benefit of District Census Officers, Additional each block. In the case of certain blocks where esti­ District Census Officers of cities, Deputy District mated population was found to be incorrect after Census Ofiicers of the districts, Sub-Divisional Census the house-numbering house-listing operation, addi­ Officers, Charge Officers and Deputy Charge Officers. tional enumerators were appointed but in no case At his suggestion some supervisors and enumerators boundary of such blocks was interfered with. A were also called to attend such classes and demonstra­ supervisor was appointed to look after the work of tions. To facilitate training of staff printed manuals 5 enumerators. The District Census Officers (Col­ containing instructions on house-numbering/house­ lectors) were provided with a Deputy District Census listing and enumeration Were distributed both in Officer in each district to assist them in Census work. English and Hindi prior to training. Subsequently, In large cities, having one lakh and more population, the district officers were required to train the subordi­ the Additional District Magistrate or the City Magistrate nate staff consisting of supervisors and enumerators was appointed as tbe Additional District Census by holding at least two training classes for house­ Officer for the City to co-ordinate the work of several numbering and house-listing and six classes for enumera­ .Charge Officers b.;;cause a Charge normally consisted tion and it was made compulsory for the field staff of a papulation of 50,000 in urban area budn rural to attend such classes. The Heads of the Departments area the tehsil formed a Charge in respect of all its were requested to release staff taken for Census to population. The work of urban areas was directly attend training classes as and when required. To controlled by the District Census Officer through the supervise training, the State Superintendent of Census Additional District Census Officer but the Sub-Divisional Operations also provided five regional Deputy Superin­ Officers were responsible for census work and to super­ tendents of Census Operations, three Census Inspectors vise the Charge Officers in rural areas. In this manner, oftehsildar's rank who were utilised to give the requisite a carefully planned census hierarchy was established to fillip to training in those pockets of districts where COver every village in rural area and every part of a effort by local officers was found to be below par. town in urban area. In aU 26 District Census Officers, A training sample census was also arranged in January, 5 Additional District Census Officers for Cities, 26 1961, when enumerators were required to fill up pres­ Deputy District Census Officers for Districts, 82 Sub­ cribed number of census slips and household schedules Divisional Census Officers and 437 Charge Officers and the same were subjected to close scrutiny by local (226 for urban and 211 for rural areas) were appointed officers and mistakes noticed by them were explained apart from 5,483 supervisors and 28,961 enumerators.