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School of Humanities and Law Department Of SCHOOL OF HUMANITIES AND LAW DEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHY AND ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES URBAN HOUSING SUPPLY FOR GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES IN GULISO TOWN, WEST WOLEGA, ETHIOPIA M.A. THESIS By: GIRMA FIRISA SEPTEMBER, 2018 ADAMA, ETHIOPIA 1 URBAN HOUSING SUPPLY FOR GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES IN GULISO TOWN, WEST WOLLEGA, ETHIOPIA A THESIS SUBMITTED TO SCHOOL OF HUMANITIES AND LAW DEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHY AND ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ART IN GEOGRAPHY AND ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES By: GIRMA FIRISA ADVISOR: Mr. GEZMU HUNDE SEPTEMBER, 2018 ADAMA, ETHIOPIA 2 APPROVAL SHEET ADAMA SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF HUMANITIES AND LAW DEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHY AND ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES As thesis advisor, I hereby certify that I have read and evaluated this thesis prepared under my guidance, by Girma Firisa Eda entitled‖ Challenges of urban housing supply for Government Employees in Guliso woreda, west wollega, Ethiopia‖. Therefore, I recommended that it is accepted and submitted as fulfilling the MA thesis. Advisor Signature Date Mr. Gezmu Hunde ______________ _____________ i DECLARATION I hereby declare that a thesis entitled by‖ Urban housing supply for government employees in Guliso town, West Wollega, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia‖ has been carried out by me during the year 2018 as part of Master of Arts program in Geography and Environmental Studies. I also further declare that this work has not been submitted to any other institution for the award of any diploma or degree. Place: Adama Science and Technology University, Ethiopia Name: Girma Firisa Eda Signature: _______________________________________________________________ Date____________________________________________________________________ ii BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH OF THE AUTHOR The author was born on August 24, 1973, at Aira Woreda, West Wollega Zone, Oromia. He attended his Primary education at Walgo Aira elementary School (1980-1988 E.C). He also attended his secondary school at Lalo Aira Secondary School (1989-1993E.C). He then entered Jimma Teachers‘ College in 1994 E.C. and graduated in 1996 E.C with Diploma in Geography with minor in History. After three years of teaching he started his education in Wollega University and graduated with Bachelor Degree in Geography in 2002 E.C. and also he continued his MA education at ASTU since 2006 E.C. with Geography and Environmental Studies and graduated in 2010 E.C. Now he is working in Guliso preparatory School. iii Acknowledgements Above all, I praise the Almighty God who helped me pass the hardships and gave me the patience and strengthen to carry all the burdens in the work place during the period of thesis writing. I also praise the ministry of education because they gave an opportunity to learn and sponsored me. Many persons have contributed to make this paper full-fledged. I would specially like to express my sincere gratitude to my advisor, Mr. Gezmu Hunde for his thorough review, continuous advice and unreserved assistance from title selection to the final write up of the manuscript. Again, I would like to take this opportunity to express my appreciation to the head and staff members of Geography and Environmental Studies for their scholastic treatment and help during my study in the University. Last but not least, I would like to thank all respondents who participated in filling the questionnaire, providing supplementary documents and all other support during data collection. I would also thankful to Guliso preparatory school for their material support and giving permission during data collection. I would also appreciate Guliso municipality workers and the woreda administrations for their giving ideas during interview were undertaken. i Table of Contents Content Page Acknowledgment ………………………………………………………………………….i List of Figures ………………………………………………………………………..….vii List of Tables …………………………………………………………………………...viii Acronyms …………………………………………………………………………...……ix Abstract ………………………………………………………………………………...…x CHAPTER ONE ................................................................................................................. 1 INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................. 1 1.1Background of the study ............................................................................................ 1 1.2 Statement of the problem .......................................................................................... 3 1.3. Objectives of the study ............................................................................................. 6 1.3.1 General objective ................................................................................................ 6 1.3.2. Specific objectives ............................................................................................. 6 1.4. Research Questions .................................................................................................. 6 1.5 Significance of the study ........................................................................................... 7 1.6 Scope and limitations of the study ............................................................................ 7 1.7 Organization of the paper .......................................................................................... 8 CHAPTER TWO ................................................................................................................ 9 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE .......................................................................... 9 2.1 Concept of Housing and its supply ........................................................................... 9 2.2. Characteristics of Housing ..................................................................................... 10 iii 2.3. Housing problems in Ethiopia ................................................................................ 10 2.4. Factors affecting government employees to build residential housing .................. 11 2 .4.1 Socio-economic factors ................................................................................... 11 2.4.2 Institutional Factors .......................................................................................... 12 2.4.3. Political factors ................................................................................................ 14 2.4.4. Demographic factors ........................................................................................ 15 2.5 The policies of urban residential housing in Ethiopia ............................................. 15 2.5.1 Urban housing demands and the response of the government before 1974 ..... 16 2.5.2 The urban housing policy during derg government .......................................... 16 2.5.3 The problem of urban housing policy in present Ethiopian government ......... 18 2.6 Empirical literature review on residential housing problem ................................... 20 2.7 Conceptual framework on urban housing supply .................................................... 24 CHAPTER THREE .......................................................................................................... 25 DESCRIPTION OF THE STUDY AREA, RESEARCH METHODS AND MATERIALS ........................................................................................................................................... 25 3.1 The study area description....................................................................................... 25 3.1.1 Location and size .............................................................................................. 25 3.1.2 Topography and drainage pattern ..................................................................... 25 3.1.3 Urban land use and land cover ......................................................................... 27 3.1.4 Geology and soil ............................................................................................... 27 3.1.5 Socio Economic Characteristics ....................................................................... 27 3.1.6 Demography and settlement pattern ................................................................. 28 3.2 Research Methods and Materials ............................................................................ 28 iii 3.2.1 Research design and approach .......................................................................... 28 3.2.2 Study population ............................................................................................... 29 3.2.3 Sources of Data ................................................................................................. 29 3.2.4 Sampling technique and sample size determination. ........................................ 29 3.2.5 Method of data collection ................................................................................. 31 3.2.6 Methods of data processing and analysis ......................................................... 33 3.2.7 Validity and reliability of the study .................................................................. 34 3.2.8 Ethical Considerations ...................................................................................... 34 CHAPTER FOUR ............................................................................................................. 36 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION ....................................................................................... 36 4.1 Socio demographic characteristics of
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