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NEWSLETTER March 2016

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NEWSLETTER March 2016 Gravitational-Waves An artist's impression of gravitational waves generated by binary neutron stars. Credits: R. Hurt/Caltech-JPL This space is reserved for promoting members' businesses. You can place an advert here for a donation to the group. Issue 16 March 2016 Page 1 Contents Cover (Gravitational-Waves) 1 Contents 2 Executive Committee Messages 3 About the cover picture (Gravity Waves) 4 About the cover picture (Gravity Waves) 5 About the cover picture (Gravity Waves) 6 Thanet Astronomy Group Contact Details 7 Members' Meeting Dates and Times 8 Advertisement (West Bay Cafe) 9 What we did in February 10 Advertisement (Renaissance Glass) 11 Book Review (Around the World in 92 Minutes) 12 What's in the sky this month 13 What's in the sky this month 14 Members' Page 15 Did You Know ? (Black Holes) 16 Did You Know ? (Black Holes) 17 Junior Astronomers' Club (JAC & Gill) 18 Junior Astronomers' Club (JAC & Gill) 19 Adult Word Search 20 Junior Word Search 21 Members' For Sale and Wanted 22 Issue 16 March 2016 Page 2 Executive Committee Messages March 2016 March 2nd Wednesdays members' meeting at the cafe. March 5th Will start the Saturday meetings. Beginners Guide to Stargazing Course All those that would like to attend this course (details on the web site) please email [email protected] to register your interest. Telescope Making Group This year 2016 we will be starting work on the first of 3 telescopes we hope to make this year. Note : There is no knowledge or experience needed to join this workshop. All those that would like to attend the Telescope Making Group Please email [email protected] to register your interest. Danny, George, Gill. Issue 16 March 2016 Page 3 About the Cover Picture Gravitational-Waves An artist's impression of gravitational waves generated by binary neutron stars. Credits: R. Hurt/Caltech-JPL Gravitational Waves Just about 100 years ago in 1915, Albert Einstein published his general theory of relativity and predicted the existence of Gravitational Waves. On the 14th September 2015 at 10:50:45 UK time a team of international scientists, including scientists from our own Birmingham university, proved Einstein correct by detecting Gravitational Waves for the first time ever ! The scientists observed ripples in the fabric of spacetime called Gravitational Waves, arriving at the earth from a cataclysmic event caused by two Black Holes colliding in the distant universe. LIGO the Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory is designed to detect Gravitational Waves. This is a joint project between MIT, Caltech and many other colleges and universities and is funded by the National Science Foundation. LIGO is based in the USA at two sites, one in Hanford, Washington and the other in Livingston, Louisiana. These two widely separated (1,865 miles) interferometers are operated in unison to detect Gravitational Waves. The (LIGO) is designed to open the field of gravitational wave astrophysics through the direct detection of gravitational waves predicted by Einstein’s General Theory of Relativity. Issue 16 March 2016 Page 4 About the Cover Picture Gravitational Waves Close up one arm of LIGO Hansford Aerial view of LIGO Livingston Each of the two observatories have an “L” shaped detector with each leg 2.5 miles (4km) long. Mirrors are suspended at each end of the arms and a laser beam is split into two beams and bounced up and down the arms about 280 times. This is a total distance of 700 miles (1120km). The beam is recombined in such a way (anti-phase) that if there is no gravitational wave present the two halves of the beam will cancel each other out. If there is a gravitational wave the fabric of space time will be distorted and this will cause the distance travelled to alter and the laser beams will no longer re-combine and exactly cancel each other out. This results in a small measurable signal that indicates the presence of a gravity wave. Issue 16 March 2016 Page 5 About the Cover Picture Gravitational Waves Simplified operation of a gravitational wave observatory Illustration by Cmglee - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php? curid=46950943 Figure 1: A beam splitter (green line) splits coherent light (from the white box) into two beams which reflect off the mirrors (cyan oblongs); only one outgoing and reflected beam in each arm is shown, and separated for clarity. The reflected beams recombine and an interference pattern is detected (purple circle). Figure 2: A gravitational wave passing over the left arm (yellow) changes its length and thus the interference pattern. Danny. Issue 16 March 2016 Page 6 Thanet Astronomy Group Contact Details Executive Committee Chairman Daniel Day 01843 228 904 Treasurer George Ward 01843 292 640 Secretary Gill Palmer 07543 942 245 Committee Volunteers George Cozens 07970 181 395 Members Sheila Bull 07791 892 057 Newsletter Janet McBride 01227 364 092 Newsletter Tracy Howes 07917 710 638 Library Janet McBride 01227 364 092 Web Site Danny Day 01843 228 904 JAC & Gill Gill Palmer 01843 848 064 Issue 16 March 2016 Page 7 Members' Meeting Dates and Times Thanet Astronomy Group Members' Meetings Dates and Times 6th January 2016 at 7:30pm 3rd February 2016 at 7:30pm Next Meeting 2nd March 2016 at 7:30pm 6th April 2016 at 7:30pm --- 4th May 2016 at 7:30pm *** Thanet Astronomy Group AGM *** --- 1st June 2016 at 8pm 6th July 2016 at 8pm 3rd August 2016 at 8pm --- *** 7th September 2016 at 8pm *** *** Anniversary Three Years at West Bay Cafe Party *** --- 5th October 2016 at 7:30pm 2nd November 2016 at 7:30pm --- *** 7th December 2016 at 7:30 for 8:00pm *** *** Christmas Evening Meal and Entertainment *** --- All Members' meetings will be held at the :- West Bay Cafe, Sea Road, Westgate-on-Sea, Kent. CT8 8QA Issue 16 March 2016 Page 8 Advertisement WEST BAY CAFE Sea Road, Westgate-on-Sea CT8 8QA Location :- This Family Friendly Cafe is situated on the promenade just beside the sandy beach opposite the junction of Sea Road and Rowena Road, Westgate-on-Sea, CT8 8QA. Access :- via a flight of steps behind the cafe. Disabled Access :- via the main entrance to the bay and a slope at the cafe door. West Bay Cafe run by Alan and Kate has a very friendly atmosphere. Alan outside the new style West Bay Cafe There is a wide variety of good food and drinks at very reasonable prices and there are always special offers. There is seating both inside and outside for those extra hot days. The Sunsets at the West Bay Cafe are Spectacular. With a meal, some friends, and a pint or two. What more could you ask for! West Bay Cafe have hosted Thanet Astronomy Group since September 2013. A Typical Sunset at the West Bay Cafe We would like to say a HUGE THANK YOU to Alan and Kate for all the help and support they have shown us over the last year. Please use this Brilliant Seaside Cafe and Tell Your Friends. Issue 16 March 2016 Page 9 What we did in February Wednesday 3 rd February Members' Meeting This members' meeting was all about the current Planetary Alignment January 2016. In the first half of the meeting we looked at the planetary alignment from a viewer's point of view as it looks in the sky with the aid of Stellarium. In the second half of the meeting our attention changed to explaining why the planets appeared where they did and what caused the order they appeared in. To aid this we used the brilliant Solar System Simulator by NASA's David Seal, to see exactly how events like the Planetary Alignment work. We looked at the Solar System from a point way above it and this accurately showed the actual locations of all the planets. Saturday 6 th February Public Outreach Meeting Another very cold and windy day. The meeting was inside the cafe with a small group of people. There were many questions and answers all round. Saturday 13 th February Public Outreach Meeting Today was very cold and windy with the sea breaking over the promenade so we stayed inside for almost all the meeting. Two new visitors were brave enough to go outside for a short while to learn how to set up a telescope and align the finder scope. Saturday 20 th February Public Outreach Meeting Today was quite a busy day, the weather was almost dry and not too cold. However, visibility was bad as there was a lot of mist on the horizon. We spent the first half outside under the cover of the balcony with the telescopes. There were a surprising number of people around with lots of questions and some interested in joining. When it started to rain we packed up the scopes and moved into the warmth of the cafe for the second half of the meeting, where many questions were asked and answered. Saturday 27 th February Public Outreach Meeting It was a cold but dry day with some sunshine, so the telescopes were out looking at the Sun and other objects. The day started very quietly at 1pm with very few people outside because of the cold but the cafe was packed as usual. Soon people began to turn up with several new people coming for the second or third week. There were a good number of children braving the cold to learn about astronomy from our brilliant resident teacher & and group Secretary Gill Palmer. A good day was had by all.
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