DOCSLIB.ORG

Capitella Spp. Class: Polychaeta, Sedentaria, Scolecida

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Capitella Spp. Class: Polychaeta, Sedentaria, Scolecida Phylum: Annelida Capitella spp. Class: Polychaeta, Sedentaria, Scolecida (Capitella capitata species complex) Order: A thread worm Family: Capitellidae Taxonomy: Once considered a cosmopoli- 1969; Blake 2000) (Fig. 2). Prostomium tan species, Capitella capitata (Fabricius, shape variable between species (sharply 1780) is now regarded as a complex of sev- pointed, conical or swollen) (Blake 2000). eral closely related, morphologically similar Peristomium short and setigerous. but genetically distinct sister species Trunk: Anterior thorax with nine seg- (Grassle and Grassle 1976; Blake 2000; ments, all bearing setae. Abdomen of 90 seg- Blake and Ruff 2007). Currently, this spe- ments beginning at setiger 10. cies complex consists of at least 6 and as Posterior: Pygidium is a simple poste- many as 13 species (Blake 2000; Blake et rior flange (Hartman 1969) without appendag- al. 2009), some of which are recognizable es (Blake 2000). by subtle differences in morphology (Grassle Parapodia: Biramous and inconspicuous and Grassle 1976) or reproductive ecology. (Hartman 1944). Parapodia reduced in tho- Capitella telata was recently described racic region becoming swollen in abdominal (Blake et al. 2009). Teasing apart sister segments (Blake 2000). Notopodia become species based on morphology is difficult and elevated posteriorly in posterior abdominal most researchers refer, instead, to the entire region (Blake 2000). complex of species (e.g. Capitella capitata Setae (chaetae): Simple (not jointed). Anteri- sensu lato, Blake and Ruff 2007). or thoracic parapodia (setigers 1–7) with long, fine capillary spines (Fig. 5a). Abdominal Description segments with stout hooks and transparent Size: Individuals range from 20–100 mm in hoods (Fig. 5b). Hooks composed of a large length and 1–2 mm in width, with at least 90 main fang with a straight row of apical teeth segments (Blake 2000). where each tooth is well separated. Tooth Color: Dark red or brownish, fixed speci- number varies with 1–3 rows of 1–5 teeth per mens are light tan. row (Blake 2000). Eighth and ninth General Morphology: Long and earthworm neuropodia each with two stout yellow -like with pointed anterior (Hartman and Re- copulatory spines (male, Fig. 4a). ish 1950; Hartman 1969; family Capitellidae, Eyes/Eyespots: None in described speci- Blake and Ruff 2007). Body cylindrical, men. Although some members of the species slender and without obvious parapodia or complex may possess small, paired eyespots peristomial appendages. (Blake 2000). Body: Body divided into anterior thoracic Anterior Appendages: None. and posterior abdominal regions. (Fig. 1: Branchiae: None. drawing done from somewhat compressed Burrow/Tube: Individuals inhabit black mem- specimen). Circulatory system lacking branous, mucus-lined burrows in fine mud (Morris et al. 1980). and organic sediments (Fernald et al. 1987). Anterior: Broad and triangular pro- Within the vertically positioned tube, individu- stomium with dorsal depression (Hartman als are situated such that their head is up A publication of the University of Oregon Libraries and the Oregon Institute of Marine Biology Individual species: https://oimb.uoregon.edu/oregon-estuarine-invertebrates and full 3rd edition: http://hdl.handle.net/1794/18839 Email corrections to: [email protected] Hiebert, T.C. 2014. Capitella spp. In: Oregon Estuarine Invertebrates: Rudys' Illustrated Guide to Common Species, 3rd ed. T.C. Hiebert, B.A. Butler and A.L. Shanks (eds.). University of Oregon Libraries and Oregon Institute of Marine Biology, Charleston, OR. (Ricketts and Calvin 1952). as well as capillary setae on the last two tho- Pharynx: Bears eversible proboscis which racic setigers (Hartman 1969) as well as geni- is rarely seen everted (Hartman 1969). tal spines on setigers eight and nine. Mem- Genitalia: Males with lateral generative pore bers of the Capitella capitata species complex between setigers 7 and 8 and 2 yellow geni- are the only members of this genus to pos- tal spines in each notopodium of setigers sess setae on the first segment (Hartman and eight and nine. Notopodial spines number Reish 1950) (Fig. 2). six or more on setiger eight and 2–4 on se- Ecological Information tiger nine (Blake 2000). Females with corre- Range: Type locality is Naples. Chiefly north- sponding genital pores (Blake 2000). ern distribution including western Canada to Nephridia: California (Hartman 1969). Cosmopolitan. Possible Misidentifications Many species have wide and overlapping dis- The Capitellidae lack conspicuous tribution (Blake 2000). parapodia, branchiae, lobes and prostomial Local Distribution: In Coos Bay stations in- appendages. Their superficial appearance clude South Slough, North Spit and Barview. is earthworm-like. Capitellid genera are de- Also Netarts Bay at several stations (Stout fined by characters (e.g. numbers of thoracic 1976). setigers with and without capillary setae and Habitat: Mudflats, muddy sand to pure mud the first appearance of hooks) which are on- (Porch 1970), can be found in fish wastes, togenically dependent (Blake 2000). Identi- sulfurous sediments and organically enriched fication requires adult specimens as the sediments where it may be a pollution indica- same species could be identified to two dif- tor if found in great numbers and in the ab- ferent genera at different developmental sence of many other invertebrate species stages (Fredette 1982). Several genera oc- (Filice 1959; Reish 1955). This does not hold cur locally in muddy estuarine situations: true in Coos Bay, where it is not found in the Heteromastus spp. have 12 thoracic polluted areas (Porch 1970). Found in verti- segments (not 11) and one is achaetous. cal, dirt-encrusted, black, membranous tubes Capillary setae are present on the first five (Ricketts and Calvin 1971), in the mud of Sali- setigers. Uncini begin on setiger six (not cornia marsh channels, Coos Bay (Porch five) and they have notopodial branchiae on 1970). No real preference for substrate, but distal posterior segments. likes quite intertidal conditions (Filice 1959). Notomastus spp. like Heteromastus, Salinity: Can tolerate low saline condition have 12 thoracic segments (not 11) and one (Porch 1970), collected at salinity of 14, San is achaetous. Some species possess bran- Francisco Bay where it is reported to prefer chiae. All thoracic setigers have capillary saline conditions (Filice 1959). setae (as in Fig. 5). Temperature: Cold waters to tropics, more Mediomastus spp. have an elongat- commonly in temperate waters (Morris et al. ed, pointed prostomium and thorax with 1980). achaetous peristomium and 10 setigers (not Tidal Level: Collected at +0.9 m to -1.2 m, nine). Capillary setae are present on seti- particular about depth, not substrate. Also gers 1–4 (not 1–7) and long-handled hooks found down to approximately 55 m (Filice are present on setigers 5–10. 1959). Capitella spp. are differentiable from Associates: Coos Bay associates include the other genera by the presence of hooks other polychaetes: Abarenicola, Mediomastus A publication of the University of Oregon Libraries and the Oregon Institute of Marine Biology Individual species: https://oimb.uoregon.edu/oregon-estuarine-invertebrates and full 3rd edition: http://hdl.handle.net/1794/18839 Email corrections to: [email protected] (Netarts Bay), Leptochelia, Pinnixa and am- straightforward (Fernald et al. 1987). phipods (Morris et al. 1980). Food: A direct deposit feeder on organic mat- Abundance: Common, cosmopolitan in ter and indicator of polluted sediments. mudflats (Blake 1975). When present in Predators: great numbers in an area with few other in- Behavior: vertebrates, heavy pollution of the habitat Bibliography may be indicated (Reish 1955). Found in great beds of many acres on the Berkeley, 1. BLAKE, J. A. 1975. Phylum Annelida: California mudflats (Ricketts and Calvin Class Polychaeta, p. 151-243. In: Light's 1971). manual: intertidal invertebrates of the cen- tral California coast. S. F. Light, R. I. Life-History Information Smith, and J. T. Carlton (eds.). University Reproduction: Great variability exists within of California Press, Berkeley. this complex of species from sexually dimor- 2. —. 2000. Family Oweniidae, p. 97-127. In: phic to hermaphroditic species (George Taxonomic atlas of the benthic fauna of 1984 in Blake 2000). Special copulatory se- the Santa Maria Basin and the Western tae on setigers eight and nine (Fig. 4). Re- Santa Barbara Channel. Vol. 7. J. A. productively active all year (California) with Blake, B. Hilbig, and P. V. Scotts (eds.). mild peaks summer and winter. Males Santa Babara Museum of Natural History, transfer spermatophores to females which Santa Babara, California. can store them until eggs are ripe. Early de- 3. BLAKE, J. A., J. P. GRASSLE, and K. J. velopment occurs in the female’s tube. De- ECKELBARGER. 2009. Capitella teleta, a velopmental modes also vary from direct or new species designation for the opportun- lecithotrophic development of short duration istic and experimental Capitella sp. I, with (e.g. hours) to planktotrophic development a review of the literature for confirmed rec- with short pelagic duration (weeks) ords. Zoosymposia. 2:25-53. (Crumrine 2001). Egg diameters correspond 4. BLAKE, J. A., and E. R. RUFF. 2007. Pol- to developmental mode and range from 50– ychaeta, p. 309-410. In: Light and Smith 250 µm (Grassle and Grassle 1976). manual: intertidal invertebrates from cen- Larva: Larvae emerge from female tube af- tral California to Oregon. J. Carlton (ed.). ter five days as trochophore larvae or hatch University of California Press, Berkeley, at 7–14 days as juveniles. Trochophore lar- CA. vae have reduced or absent apical tuft, pro- 5. CRUMRINE, L. 2001. Polychaeta, p. 39- totroch and telotroch, with gut that is not 77. In: Identification guide to larval marine subdivided (Crumrine 2001). Metatrocho- invertebrates of the Pacific Northwest. A. phores settle to the benthos (Blake 2000) Shanks (ed.). Oregon State University and settlement may be stimulated by an in- Press, Corvallis, OR. crease in hydrogen sulfide (Cuomo 1985 in 6. FERNALD, R. L., C. O. HERMANS, T. C. Fernald et al. 1987). LACALLI, W. H. WILSON, JR, and S. A. Juvenile: WOODIN. 1987.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • CV Elaine Seaver, Ph.D
    ELAINE C. SEAVER, Ph.D. Professor of Biology My research interests are in the areas of developmental biology, evolution of development, and regeneration. I have been trained in the fields of molecular biology, developmental neurobiology and embryology. I am broadly interested in the cellular and molecular control of patterning during development and regeneration. Many of our studies have utilized marine annelids, which exhibit a highly stereotypic early developmental program, and have robust regenerative abilities. My lab has pioneered the use of the annelid Capitella teleta as a model for development and regeneration studies. We have established several cellular, molecular and imaging techniques for this animal including microinjection, laser deletion, and functional manipulations. I am an expert in animal husbandry of C. teleta, and have optimized conditions to maximize reproduction output. I was instrumental in getting a completely sequenced and annotated genome for Capitella by the Joint Genome Institute, which has facilitated our molecular investigations of the development and regeneration of this species. Our current areas of focus include evolution of cell lineages, regeneration of the germline, and investigating the relationship between development and regeneration. Our longterm goals are to understand how developmental programs evolve and how changes in the developmental program lead to the diversity of animals. Education: 1995 Ph.D. in Biology, University of Utah 1986 B.S. in Biology, McGill University Professional Experience:
    [Show full text]
  • Polychaetes Associated with a Tropical Ocean Outfall: Synthesis of a Biomonitoring Program Off O'ahu, Hawai'f
    Polychaetes Associated with a Tropical Ocean Outfall: Synthesis ofa Biomonitoring Program off O'ahu, Hawai'F J. H. Bailey-Brock,2,3,4,5 B. Paavo,3,4 B. M. Barrett,3,4 and J. Dreyer3,4 Abstract: A comparison of benthic polychaete communities off the Sand Island Wastewater Outfall was undertaken to recognize organic enrichment indicator species for Hawaiian waters. Primary-treatment sewage is discharged off the south shore of O'ahu at 70 m depth. A historical data set spanning 9 yr for seven sites at 70 m and two recent studies at 20, 50, and 100 m depths were analyzed. Geochemical data did not support the assumption that the outfall is an im­ portant source of organic enrichment in nutrient-poor sandy sediments within oligotrophic tropical waters. Five polychaete species, however, appeared partic­ ularly sensitive, positively or negatively, to environmental conditions near the outfall. Neanthes arenaceodentata (Nereididae) and Ophryotrocha adherens (Dor­ villeidae) have been dominant at sites within the outfall's zone of initial dilution (ZID). Since 1993, N arenaceodentata has virtually disappeared, and 0. adherens concurrently became abundant and continued to flourish at ZID sites. Well­ known indicators within the Capitella capitata complex (Capitellidae) were pres­ ent at ZID and control (far field) sites though their ZID abundance was greater. Two sabellids, Euchone sp. Band Augeneriella dubia were inversely distributed, the smaller Euchone sp. B at far field sites and larger A. dubia within ZID sta­ tions. The former was most likely restricted to a greater proportion offine sed­ iment particles at two far field sites.
    [Show full text]
  • Towards Understanding the Phylogenetic History of Hydrozoa: Hypothesis Testing with 18S Gene Sequence Data*
    SCI. MAR., 64 (Supl. 1): 5-22 SCIENTIA MARINA 2000 TRENDS IN HYDROZOAN BIOLOGY - IV. C.E. MILLS, F. BOERO, A. MIGOTTO and J.M. GILI (eds.) Towards understanding the phylogenetic history of Hydrozoa: Hypothesis testing with 18S gene sequence data* A. G. COLLINS Department of Integrative Biology and Museum of Paleontology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA SUMMARY: Although systematic treatments of Hydrozoa have been notoriously difficult, a great deal of useful informa- tion on morphologies and life histories has steadily accumulated. From the assimilation of this information, numerous hypotheses of the phylogenetic relationships of the major groups of Hydrozoa have been offered. Here I evaluate these hypotheses using the complete sequence of the 18S gene for 35 hydrozoan species. New 18S sequences for 31 hydrozoans, 6 scyphozoans, one cubozoan, and one anthozoan are reported. Parsimony analyses of two datasets that include the new 18S sequences are used to assess the relative strengths and weaknesses of a list of phylogenetic hypotheses that deal with Hydro- zoa. Alternative measures of tree optimality, minimum evolution and maximum likelihood, are used to evaluate the relia- bility of the parsimony analyses. Hydrozoa appears to be composed of two clades, herein called Trachylina and Hydroidolina. Trachylina consists of Limnomedusae, Narcomedusae, and Trachymedusae. Narcomedusae is not likely to be the basal group of Trachylina, but is instead derived directly from within Trachymedusae. This implies the secondary gain of a polyp stage. Hydroidolina consists of Capitata, Filifera, Hydridae, Leptomedusae, and Siphonophora. “Anthomedusae” may not form a monophyletic grouping. However, the relationships among the hydroidolinan groups are difficult to resolve with the present set of data.
    [Show full text]
  • CORE Arrigoni Et Al Millepora.Docx Click Here To
    An integrated morpho-molecular approach to delineate species boundaries of Millepora from the Red Sea Item Type Article Authors Arrigoni, Roberto; Maggioni, Davide; Montano, Simone; Hoeksema, Bert W.; Seveso, Davide; Shlesinger, Tom; Terraneo, Tullia Isotta; Tietbohl, Matthew; Berumen, Michael L. Citation Arrigoni R, Maggioni D, Montano S, Hoeksema BW, Seveso D, et al. (2018) An integrated morpho-molecular approach to delineate species boundaries of Millepora from the Red Sea. Coral Reefs. Available: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00338-018-01739-8. Eprint version Post-print DOI 10.1007/s00338-018-01739-8 Publisher Springer Nature Journal Coral Reefs Rights Archived with thanks to Coral Reefs Download date 05/10/2021 19:48:14 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10754/629424 Manuscript Click here to access/download;Manuscript;CORE Arrigoni et al Millepora.docx Click here to view linked References 1 2 3 4 1 An integrated morpho-molecular approach to delineate species boundaries of Millepora from the Red Sea 5 6 2 7 8 3 Roberto Arrigoni1, Davide Maggioni2,3, Simone Montano2,3, Bert W. Hoeksema4, Davide Seveso2,3, Tom Shlesinger5, 9 10 4 Tullia Isotta Terraneo1,6, Matthew D. Tietbohl1, Michael L. Berumen1 11 12 5 13 14 6 Corresponding author: Roberto Arrigoni, [email protected] 15 16 7 1Red Sea Research Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering, King Abdullah 17 18 8 University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia 19 20 9 2Dipartimento di Scienze dell’Ambiente e del Territorio (DISAT), Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Piazza 21 22 10 della Scienza 1, Milano 20126, Italy 23 24 11 3Marine Research and High Education (MaRHE) Center, Faafu Magoodhoo 12030, Republic of the Maldives 25 26 12 4Taxonomy and Systematics Group, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P.O.
    [Show full text]
  • Molecular Phylogeny of Echiuran Worms (Phylum: Annelida) Reveals Evolutionary Pattern of Feeding Mode and Sexual Dimorphism
    Molecular Phylogeny of Echiuran Worms (Phylum: Annelida) Reveals Evolutionary Pattern of Feeding Mode and Sexual Dimorphism Ryutaro Goto1,2*, Tomoko Okamoto2, Hiroshi Ishikawa3, Yoichi Hamamura4, Makoto Kato2 1 Department of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan, 2 Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan, 3 Uwajima, Ehime, Japan, 4 Kure, Hiroshima, Japan Abstract The Echiura, or spoon worms, are a group of marine worms, most of which live in burrows in soft sediments. This annelid- like animal group was once considered as a separate phylum because of the absence of segmentation, although recent molecular analyses have placed it within the annelids. In this study, we elucidate the interfamily relationships of echiuran worms and their evolutionary pattern of feeding mode and sexual dimorphism, by performing molecular phylogenetic analyses using four genes (18S, 28S, H3, and COI) of representatives of all extant echiuran families. Our results suggest that Echiura is monophyletic and comprises two unexpected groups: [Echiuridae+Urechidae+Thalassematidae] and [Bone- lliidae+Ikedidae]. This grouping agrees with the presence/absence of marked sexual dimorphism involving dwarf males and the paired/non-paired configuration of the gonoducts (genital sacs). Furthermore, the data supports the sister group relationship of Echiuridae and Urechidae. These two families share the character of having anal chaetae rings around the posterior trunk as a synapomorphy. The analyses also suggest that deposit feeding is a basal feeding mode in echiurans and that filter feeding originated once in the common ancestor of Urechidae. Overall, our results contradict the currently accepted order-level classification, especially in that Echiuroinea is polyphyletic, and provide novel insights into the evolution of echiuran worms.
    [Show full text]
  • Comparative Composition, Diversity and Trophic Ecology of Sediment Macrofauna at Vents, Seeps and Organic Falls
    Review Comparative Composition, Diversity and Trophic Ecology of Sediment Macrofauna at Vents, Seeps and Organic Falls Angelo F. Bernardino1*, Lisa A. Levin2, Andrew R. Thurber3, Craig R. Smith4 1 Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Espı´rito Santo, Goiabeiras, Vito´ ria, Esp´ı rito Santo, Brazil, 2 Center for Marine Biodiversity and Conservation; Integrative Oceanography Division, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, California, United States of America,3 College of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America,4 Department of Oceanography, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America communities. Sulfide is toxic to most metazoan taxa [1,2], Abstract: Sediments associated with hydrothermal vent- although some sediment-dwelling taxa have adapted to conditions ing, methane seepage and large organic falls such as of low oxygen and appear capable of tolerating the presence of whale, wood and plant detritus create deep-sea networks sulfide. Due to high local production, metazoans in reducing of soft-sediment habitats fueled, at least in part, by the sediments in the deep sea are often released from the extreme food oxidation of reduced chemicals. Biological studies at limitation prevalent in the background community (e.g. [3]). deep-sea vents, seeps and organic falls have looked at Instead, chemical toxicity may drive infaunal community macrofaunal taxa, but there has yet to be a systematic comparison of the community-level attributes of sedi- structure. In this meta-analysis we ask which taxa are common ment macrobenthos in various reducing ecosystems.
    [Show full text]
  • Molecular Phylogeny of the Family Capitellidae (Annelida)
    Title Molecular Phylogeny of the Family Capitellidae (Annelida) Author(s) Tomioka, Shinri; Kakui, Keiichi; Kajihara, Hiroshi Zoological Science, 35(5), 436-445 Citation https://doi.org/10.2108/zs180009 Issue Date 2018-10 Doc URL http://hdl.handle.net/2115/75605 Type article File Information Zoological Science35-5_436‒445(2018).pdf Instructions for use Hokkaido University Collection of Scholarly and Academic Papers : HUSCAP ZOOLOGICAL436 SCIENCE 35: 436–445 (2018) S. Tomioka et al. © 2018 Zoological Society of Japan Molecular Phylogeny of the Family Capitellidae (Annelida) Shinri Tomioka1*, Keiichi Kakui2, and Hiroshi Kajihara2 1Rishiri Town Museum, Senhoshi, Rishiri Is., Hokkaido 097-0311, Japan 2Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, N10 W8, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan Capitellids have emerged as monophyletic in most but not all recent molecular phylogenies, indi- cating that more extensive taxon sampling is necessary. In addition, monophyly of most or all capitellid genera was questionable, as some diagnostic characters vary ontogenetically within individuals. We tested the monophyly of Capitellidae and eight capitellid genera using phyloge- netic analyses of combined 18S, 28S, H3, and COI gene sequences from 36 putative capitellid spe- cies. In our trees, Capitellidae formed a monophyletic sister group to Echiura, and Capitella was also monophyletic, separated by a long branch from other capitellids. Well-supported clades each containing representatives of different genera, or containing a subset of species within a genus, indicated that Barantolla, Heteromastus, and Notomastus are likely not monophyletic. We mapped three morphological characters traditionally used to define capitellid genera (head width relative to width of first segment, number of thoracic segments, and number of segments with capillary chae- tae) onto our tree.
    [Show full text]
  • OREGON ESTUARINE INVERTEBRATES an Illustrated Guide to the Common and Important Invertebrate Animals
    OREGON ESTUARINE INVERTEBRATES An Illustrated Guide to the Common and Important Invertebrate Animals By Paul Rudy, Jr. Lynn Hay Rudy Oregon Institute of Marine Biology University of Oregon Charleston, Oregon 97420 Contract No. 79-111 Project Officer Jay F. Watson U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 500 N.E. Multnomah Street Portland, Oregon 97232 Performed for National Coastal Ecosystems Team Office of Biological Services Fish and Wildlife Service U.S. Department of Interior Washington, D.C. 20240 Table of Contents Introduction CNIDARIA Hydrozoa Aequorea aequorea ................................................................ 6 Obelia longissima .................................................................. 8 Polyorchis penicillatus 10 Tubularia crocea ................................................................. 12 Anthozoa Anthopleura artemisia ................................. 14 Anthopleura elegantissima .................................................. 16 Haliplanella luciae .................................................................. 18 Nematostella vectensis ......................................................... 20 Metridium senile .................................................................... 22 NEMERTEA Amphiporus imparispinosus ................................................ 24 Carinoma mutabilis ................................................................ 26 Cerebratulus californiensis .................................................. 28 Lineus ruber .........................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Zoologische Verhandelingen
    The hydrocoral genus Millepora (Hydrozoa: Capitata: Milleporidae) in Indonesia T.B. Razak & B.W. Hoeksema Razak, T.B. & B.W. Hoeksema, The hydrocoral genus Millepora (Hydrozoa: Capitata: Milleporidae) in Indonesia. Zool. Verh. Leiden 345, 31.x.2003: 313-336, figs 1-42.— ISSN 0024-1652/ISBN 90-73239-89-3. Tries Blandine Razak & Bert W. Hoeksema. National Museum of Natural History, P.O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands (e-mail: [email protected]). Correspondence to second author. Key words: Taxonomic revision; Millepora; Indonesia; new records; M. boschmai. This revision of Indonesian Millepora species is based on the morphology of museum specimens and photographed specimens in the field. Based on the use of pore characters and overall skeleton growth forms, which are normally used for the classification of Millepora, the present study concludes that six of seven Indo-Pacific species appear to occur in Indonesia, viz., M. dichotoma Forskål, 1775, M. exaesa Forskål, 1775, M. platyphylla Hemprich & Ehrenberg, 1834, M. intricata Milne-Edwards, 1857 (including M. intricata forma murrayi Quelch, 1884), M. tenera Boschma, 1949, and M. boschmai de Weerdt & Glynn, 1991, which so far was considered an East Pacific endemic. Of the 13 species previously reported from the Indo-Pacific, six were synonymized. M. murrayi Quelch, 1884, has been synonymized with M. intricata, which may show two distinct branching patterns, that may occur in separate corals or in a single one. M. latifolia Boschma, 1948, M. tuberosa Boschma, 1966, M. cruzi Nemenzo, 1975, M. xishaen- sis Zou, 1978, and M. nodulosa Nemenzo, 1984, are also considered synonyms.
    [Show full text]
  • (Hydrozoa, Anthomedusae) and the Use of 16S Rdna Sequences for Unpuzzling Systematic Relationships in Hydrozoa*
    SCI. MAR., 64 (Supl. 1): 117-122 SCIENTIA MARINA 2000 TRENDS IN HYDROZOAN BIOLOGY - IV. C.E. MILLS, F. BOERO, A. MIGOTTO and J.M. GILI (eds.) Sarsia marii n. sp. (Hydrozoa, Anthomedusae) and the use of 16S rDNA sequences for unpuzzling systematic relationships in Hydrozoa* BERND SCHIERWATER1,2 and ANDREA ENDER1 1Zoologisches Institut der J. W. Goethe-Universität, Siesmayerstr. 70, D-60054 Frankfurt, Germany, E-mail: [email protected] 2JTZ, Ecology and Evolution, Ti Ho Hannover, Bünteweg 17d, D-30559 Hannover, Germany. SUMMARY: A new hydrozoan species, Sarsia marii, is described by using morphological and molecular characters. Both morphological and 16S rDNA data place the new species together with other Sarsia species near the base of a clade that developed‚ “walking” tentacles in the medusa stage. The molecular data also suggest that the family Cladonematidae (Cladonema, Eleutheria, Staurocladia) is monophyletic. The taxonomic embedding of Sarsia marii n. sp. demonstrates the usefulness of 16S rDNA sequences for reconstructing phylogenetic relationships in Hydrozoa. Key words: Sarsia marii n. sp., Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Corynidae, 16S rDNA, systematics, phylogeny. INTRODUCTION Cracraft, 1991; Schierwater et al., 1994; Swofford et al., 1996). Nevertheless molecular data are especial- Molecular data and parsimony analysis have ly useful or even indispensable in groups where become powerful tools for the study of phylogenet- other characters, like morphological data, are limit- ic relationships among extant animal taxa. In partic- ed or hard to interpret. ular, DNA sequence data have added important and One classical problem to animal phylogeny is the surprising information on the phylogenetic relation- evolution of cnidarians and the groups therein ships at almost all taxonomic levels in a variety of (Hyman, 1940; Brusca and Brusca, 1990; Bridge et animal groups (for references see Avise, 1994; al., 1992, 1995; Schuchert, 1993; Schierwater, 1994; DeSalle and Schierwater, 1998).
    [Show full text]
  • Teissiera Polypofera: First Record of the Genus Teissiera (Hydrozoa: Anthoathecata) in the Atlantic Ocean
    An Acad Bras Cienc (2021) 93(3): e20191437 DOI 10.1590/0001-3765202120191437 Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências | Annals of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences Printed ISSN 0001-3765 I Online ISSN 1678-2690 www.scielo.br/aabc | www.fb.com/aabcjournal ECOSYSTEMS Teissiera polypofera: first record Running title: FIRST RECORD OF of the genus Teissiera (Hydrozoa: Teissiera polypofera IN ATLANTIC OCEAN Anthoathecata) in the Atlantic Ocean Academy Section: ECOSYSTEMS EVERTON G. TOSETTO, SIGRID NEUMANN-LEITÃO, ARNAUD BERTRAND & MIODELI NOGUEIRA-JÚNIOR e20191437 Abstract: Specimens of Teissiera polypofera Xu, Huang & Chen, 1991 were found in waters off the northeast Brazilian coast between 8.858°S, 34.809°W and 9.005°S, 34.805°W and 93 56 to 717 m depth. The genus can be distinguished from other anthomedusae by the (3) two opposite tentacles with cnidophores and four exumbrellar cnidocyst pouches with 93(3) ocelli. Specimens were assigned to Teissiera polypofera due to the long and narrow manubrium transposing bell opening and polyp buds with medusoid buds on it, issuing DOI from the base of manubrium. This study represents the first record of the genus in the 10.1590/0001-3765202120191437 Atlantic Ocean. Key words: Jellyfish, cnidaria, taxonomy, biodiversity. INTRODUCTION four or none pouches and two, four or none marginal tentacles (Bouillon et al. 2004, 2006). The presence of stinging pedicellate and Distinction between Teissieridae and contractile cnidocysts buttons on marginal Zancleidae was primarily based on morphology tentacles, named cnidophores, is a distinctive of the clearly distinct hydroid stages. The character among Anthoathecata hydromedusae former with polymorphic colony and incrusting (Bouillon et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Bathyal and Abyssal Polychaetes (Annelids) from the Central Coast of Oregon
    AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF DANIL RAY HANCOCK for the MASTER OF SCIENCE (Name) (Degree) in OCEANOGRAPHY presented on (Major) (Date) Title: BATHYAL AND ABYSSAL POLYCIiAETES (ANNELIDS) FROM THE CENTRAL COAST OF OREGON Abstract approved Redacted for Privacy Andtew G. Ca4ey, Jr. Polychaete annelids from 48 benthic samples containing over 2000 specimens were identified.Samples were taken with either an anchor dredge or an anchor-box dredge from a 15 station transect (44° 39. l'N) that ranges from 800 to 2900 meters in depth.Sediment subsamples were collected and analyzed for organic carbon and sedi- ment particle size using standard techniques.Temperature and oxygen of the water near the bottom were taken with a modified Smith- McIntyre grab; however, these measurements were not taken simultaneously with the dredged biological samples. The results indicated that at least 115 species in 53 families of the class Polychaeta were represented in this transect line.This study found an absence of the families Serpulidae and Syllidae and a reduction of the number of speciesin the families Nereidae, Cirratulidae and Capitellidae.Only five genera had not previously been reported from the deep sea.The depth distribution of the polychaetous annelids recovered in this study, coupled with limited physical data, suggest that five faunal regions can be distinguished. Nine new forms of polychaeteous annelids are tentativelydescribed, and others are anticipated in future collections.Suggestions for future studies are also indicated. Bathyal and Abyssal Polychaetes
    [Show full text]