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Some Ophiuroidea from the Seychelles Islands and Inhaca, Mozambique

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Some Ophiuroidea from the Seychelles Islands and Inhaca, Mozambique (Rev. Zool. af r., 94, 3). (A paru le 30 septembre 1980) Some Ophiuroidea from the Seychelles Islands and Inhaca, Mozambique ( Echinodermata ) By Ailsa M. CLARK [British Museum (Nat. Hist.), London] SUMMARY The collection comprises 27 species of ophiuroids from Mahe and Praslin, Seychelles and 16 species (some the same) from, Inhaca, Delagoa Bay, Mozam­ bique. Included are new records for Amphiura ambigua Koehler (found to be vivi­ parous), Ophiactis picteti (de Loriol), Oph'osphaera insignis Brock and Ophiopeza spinosa (Ljungmani from Mahé and Ophiura kinbergi (Ljungman) from Inhaca. Comments are also included on O phiothrix (Keystonea) propingua Lyman — trans­ ferred to the genus Macrophiothrix, some other anomalous specimens of Macro­ phiothrix, variations found in Ophiothela venusta (de Loriol) and O. tigris Lyman, a modification of certain podia in Ophiocoma pusilla (Brock) and the synonymy of Paracrocnida sacensis (Balinsky) with P. persica Mortensen. PREFACE The collections of Ophiuroidea which form the basis of this report were made by several joint missions of the Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale and the Université Libre de Bruxelles. I am indebted to Pro­ fessor P.L.G. Benoit for the opportunity to study them. Most of the species concerned are well-known but several of them are of particular in terest. — 534 — I. - SEYCHELLES Ophiuroids were collected at Mahé and Praslin in 1966 and 1972. Unfortunately no details of localities or depths are available with the specim ens. Most of the species are well-known and widespread through the Indo-West Pacific, or at least the western Indian Ocean, so that only a few of them (marked * in the following list) merit particular com­ m ent. Four records represent extensions of range to Mahé, namely : Amphiura ambigua Koehler — from Indonesia, the South China Sea and N Australia, Ophiactis picteti (de Loriol) — from Indonesia, though recently re­ corded from Madagascar (Cherbonnier & Guílle) and Aldabra (Sloan, Clark & Taylor), Ophiosphaera insignis Brock — from Madagascar, E Africa and the W Pacific, Ophiopeza spinosa (Ljungman) — from Madagascar, Mauritius and the W Pacific. LIST OF SPECIES COLLECTED specim ens Astroboa clavata (Lyman 1861) P raslin 1 Amphiura ambigua Koehler, 1905 * M ahé 1 Ophiactis picteti (de Loriol, 1893b)* M ahé 3 Ophiactis, savignyi (M üller & Troschel, 1842) M ahé 6 Macrophiothrix demessa (Lym an, 1861) M ahé 1 Macrophiothrix longipeda (Lamarck, 1816) Mahé 3 Macrophiothrix propinqua (Lyman, 1861)* M ahé 19 P raslin arm s only Ophiothela venusta (de Loriol, 1900) *. P raslin 1 M ahé 1 Ophiothela tigris Lyman, 1871 * M ahé 9 P raslin 6 Ophiothrix trilineata Lütken, 1869 M ahé 2 P raslin 1 O phiothrix sp. aff. O. exigua Lyman, 1874 M ahé 2 Ophiocoma brevipes Peters, 1851 M ahe 11 Ophiocoma doederleini de Lorio!, i 893a P raslin 1 i — 535 — Ophiocoma erinaceus Muller & Troschel, 1842 M ahé 20 Praslin 4 Ophiocoma pica Müller & Troschel, 1842 M ahé 5 Ophiocoma pusilia (Brock, 1888)* M ahé 5 Ophiocoma scolopendrina (L am arck, 1816) M ahé 14 Ophiocoma valenciae Müller & Troschel, 1842 M ahé 3 Ophiosphaera insignis B rock, 1888 * M ahé 1 p a ir Ophionereis porrecta Lyman, 1860 M ahé 3 Ophionereis sp. probably M ahé 1 0. vivipara Mortensen, 1933a* Ophiarachnella gorgonia (Müller & Troschel, 1842) Mahe 1 Praslin 2 Ophiarachnella septemspinosa (Müller & Troschel, Praslin 1 Troschel, 1842) Ophiopeza dubiosa (de Loriol, 1893a) * M ahé 3 Ophiolepis superba H.L. Clark, 1915* M ahe 2 Praslin 5 Ophioplocus imbricatus (Müller & Troschel, 1842) M ahé 2 Ophiura kinbergi (Ljungman, 1867) M ahé 15 Amphiura ambigua Koehler Amphiura ambigua Koehler, 1905 : 39-40, pi. 4, figs 9-11; 1922: 152, pi. 69, figs 5, 6, pi. 96, fig..3; 1930 : 97; A.M. Clark & Rowe, 1971: 80-81 [N on A. am bigua: H .L iC lark , 1938 : 213, G ibbs, A.M. & C.M. Clark, 1976:119-120]. The single specimen from Mahé is not in good condition. The disc diameter, d.d., is c.4 mm. The disc scaling is very fine on both sides, much more so than in A. candida Ljungman from Mozambique or any of the species of A m phiura recorded from Madagascar by Cherbonnier 6 Guille (1978), though their drawing of the specimen they refer to the Australian species A. acrisia H.L. Clark is similar to it in other respects than the disc scaling. No rosette is distinguishable. The ra­ dial shields are c.0.6 mm long with length: breadth c.3.5: 1. All the superficial plates are very thin and delicate. The proximal Tobe of the oral shields is either broadly rounded or truncated with a flat side matching the separation of the adorai shields. , The distal oral papillae are flat, fairly broad and with rounded tips. There are up to 7 arm spines, somewhat flattened, most with rounded tips but the third from lowest sometimes has a small distaliy-directed hook, as shown in Koehler's pi. 96, fig. 3a (1922). There are two rather indistinct ten­ tacle scales. — 536 — A second specimen of Amphiura ambigua has been collected by Dr. W.F. Humphreys at Aldabra. It has d.d. c.5 mm. The disc scaling is equally fine and delicate to that in the Mahé specimen and other characters are similar except that the second spine may also have a small hook. The disc is slightly ruptured which reveals the interesting fact that the species is viviparous, at least three young specimens , being contained in it. R em arks. I have no doubt that these two specimens are conspecific with Koehler's « Albatross » specimen from the Philippines figured in 1922. His illustration of the holotype (1905, pi. 4), d.d. only 3 mm, indicates more pronounced hooks on the arm spines but is so dia­ grammatic as to be unreliable. The British Museum collection also includes a specimen from Port Curtis, Queensland, which is very similar again to the two Seychelles specimens but a much larger one, d.d. 12 mm, from Nha-trang Bay, Vietnam, named A. am bigua by Mortensen, has much thicker plates and scales and distally-prolonged oral shields; however, this is likely to be attributable to the large size. The specimen from the northern Great Barrier Reef recorded in Gibbs, Clark & Clark (1976) appears from re-examination not to be conspecific with A. am bigua Koehler, though it is probably the same species as the Barrier Reef specimen recorded as am bigua by H.L. Clark (1938). It differs in the absence of scaling on the ambitus and ventral side of the disc (used in H.L. Clark’s 1946 key), the slightly coarser dorsal scaling, the more rounded but tapering form of the papillae and the form of the arm spines (many of the latter having very well-defined bihamulate tips or hooks. There is some resem­ blance to A. fasciata M ortensen, 1940, from the Iran ian Gulf, excep t that the oral shields in that species have a distinctive fan-shape, semi­ circular proximally. Ophiactis picteti (de Loriol) Ophiocnida Picteti de Loriol, 1893b : 405-407, pi. 14, fig. 2. Ophiactis picteti C lark & Rowe, 1971 : 82-83, 104 : C herbonnier & Guille, 1978 : 123-125, fig. 56; Sloan, Clark & Taylor, 1979 ; 101-102. The discovery of this species in the western Indian Ocean has been discussed in the two last references cited above. With records from Madagascar (Cherbonnier & Guille), and Kenya, Tanzania and Alda­ bra (Sloan et al.) this record from Mahé was to be expected. The type-locality is Amboina, Indonesia. — 537 — Macrophiothrix propinqua (Lyman) New combination Ophiothrix propingua Lym an, 1861: 83; K oehler, 1922: 256-257, pi. 38, figs 1, 2, pi. 101, fig. 4. Ophiotrichoides propinqua: H.L. Clark, 1939: 90-91; Balinsky, 1957: 21-22. O phiothrix (K eystonea) propinqua A.M. : Clark, 1967b: 648; 1968 : 283- 284; A.M. Clark & Rowe, 1971 : 86-87, 107; Cherbonnier & Guille, 1978: 149-150, pi. 5, figs 1, 2. A ffinities. More than any other of the Indo-West Pacific species re­ ferred to Ophiotrichoides by H.L. Clark (1938), subsequently referred to Ophiothrix (Keystonea) by A.M. Clark (1967b), Ophiothrix propinqua is closest to Macrophiothrix including A4, longipeda, the type-species, even though the rudimentary nature of the armament of the dorsal side of the disc makes necessary a modification of the generic dia­ gnosis of Macrophiothrix, the other species of which have a continuous coat of disc stumps. The arm structure is very similar and, even though the arms are relatively shorter (only c.lOx d.d.) than in most of the species of Macrophiothrix, this proportion is matched by several : species such as M . hirsuta cheneyi (Lyman) and M. speciosa (Koehler). On the basis of SEM studies of the jaw plates, Oldfield (in press) has stressed that the affinities of K eystonea are more with M acrophi­ othrix than O phiothrix. Ophiothela venusta (de Loriol) (PI. 1, figs. 1-3) Ophiocnemis venusta de Loriol, 1900: 81, pi. 8, figs 2, 3. Ophiopsammium nudum H.L. C lark, 1923 : 341-342. Ophiothela ccerulea: H.L. Clark, 1939: 91-92 [Non O. caerulea H.L. Clark, 1915]. Ophioteresis beauforti Engel, 1949: 140-143, figs 1, 2. Ophiothela beauforti: Balinsky, 1957 : 22-24, pi. 4, fig. 16; A.M. Clark & Rowe, 1971 : 84-85, 117, pi. 14, figs 10-12. Ophiothela nuda :A.M. C lark, 1974: 469. Ophiothela venusta: A.M. Clark & Rowe, 1971 : 84-85, 117, pi. 14, fig. 6; C herbonnier & Guille, 1978: 160-162, fig. 62, pi. 9, figs 1-6. Synonym. y Cherbonnier & Guille (1978) have adopted the provi­ sional suggestion which I made in 1971 that Ophiothela nuda (H.L.
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