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For Peer Review Only Journal: BMJ Open BMJ Open BMJ Open: first published as 10.1136/bmjopen-2014-006804 on 5 January 2015. Downloaded from Perception and use of massive open online courses among medical students of a developing country: multicenter cross-sectional study For peer review only Journal: BMJ Open Manuscript ID: bmjopen-2014-006804 Article Type: Research Date Submitted by the Author: 01-Oct-2014 Complete List of Authors: Aboshady, Omar; Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, 6th Year Medical Student Radwan, Ahmed; Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, 6th Year Medical Student Eltaweel, Asmaa; Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, 6th Year Medical Student Azzam, Ahmed; Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University in Cairo, 6th Year Medical Student Aboelnaga, Amr; Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, 5th Year Medical Student Hashem, Heba; Faculty of Medicine, Beni Suef University, 6th Year Medical Student Darwish, Salma; Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, 4th Year http://bmjopen.bmj.com/ Medical Student Salah, Rehab; Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Intern Kotb, Omar; Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, 5th Year Medical Student Afifi, Ahmed; Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, 4th Year Medical Student Noaman, Aya; Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, 5th Year Medical Student Salem, Dalal; Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, 6th Year Medical Student on September 24, 2021 by guest. Protected copyright. Hassouna, Ahmed; Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, MD, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery <b>Primary Subject Medical education and training Heading</b>: Secondary Subject Heading: Medical education and training Computer-Assisted Instruction , Medical Education , Distance Education , Keywords: MOOCs, Egypt For peer review only - http://bmjopen.bmj.com/site/about/guidelines.xhtml Page 1 of 32 BMJ Open BMJ Open: first published as 10.1136/bmjopen-2014-006804 on 5 January 2015. Downloaded from 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 For peer review only 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 http://bmjopen.bmj.com/ 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 on September 24, 2021 by guest. Protected copyright. 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 For peer review only - http://bmjopen.bmj.com/site/about/guidelines.xhtml BMJ Open Page 2 of 32 BMJ Open: first published as 10.1136/bmjopen-2014-006804 on 5 January 2015. Downloaded from 1 1 2 3 4 Title Page 5 6 7 Title 8 9 10 Perception and use of massive open online courses among medical students of a 11 12 13 developing country: multicenter cross-sectional study 14 15 Authors For peer review only 16 17 18 - Omar Aboshady 19 20 6th year medical student, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, Menoufia, Egypt. 21 22 [email protected] 23 24 25 - Ahmed E. Radwan 26 27 6th year medical student, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, Menoufia, Egypt. 28 29 [email protected] 30 31 - Asmaa R. Eltaweel 32 33 th http://bmjopen.bmj.com/ 34 6 year medical student, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt. 35 36 [email protected] 37 38 - Ahmed Azzam 39 40 6th year medical student, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt. 41 42 on September 24, 2021 by guest. Protected copyright. 43 [email protected] 44 45 - Amr A. Aboelnaga 46 47 5th year medical student, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt. 48 49 [email protected] 50 51 52 - Heba A. Hashem 53 th 54 6 year medical student, Faculty of Medicine, Beni Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt. 55 56 [email protected] 57 58 59 60 For peer review only - http://bmjopen.bmj.com/site/about/guidelines.xhtml Page 3 of 32 BMJ Open BMJ Open: first published as 10.1136/bmjopen-2014-006804 on 5 January 2015. Downloaded from 2 1 2 3 - Salma Y. Darwish 4 5 rd 6 3 year medical student, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt. 7 8 [email protected] 9 10 - Rehab Salah 11 12 Intern, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt. 13 14 15 [email protected] peer review only 16 17 - Omar N. Kotb 18 19 th 20 5 year medical student, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt. 21 22 [email protected] 23 24 - Ahmed M. Afifi 25 26 3rd year medical student, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt. 27 28 29 [email protected] 30 31 - Aya M. Noaman 32 33 th 5 year medical student, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt. http://bmjopen.bmj.com/ 34 35 [email protected] 36 37 38 - Dalal S. Salem 39 40 6th year medical student, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt. 41 42 [email protected] on September 24, 2021 by guest. Protected copyright. 43 44 45 - Ahmed Hassouna 46 47 MD, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt. 48 49 [email protected] 50 51 52 Corresponding author: 53 54 Omar Ali Aboshady 55 56 th 57 6 year medical student, 58 59 60 For peer review only - http://bmjopen.bmj.com/site/about/guidelines.xhtml BMJ Open Page 4 of 32 BMJ Open: first published as 10.1136/bmjopen-2014-006804 on 5 January 2015. Downloaded from 3 1 2 3 Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University. 4 5 6 Address: 20 Sadat School St, Shanawan, Shebin El-kom, Menoufia, Egypt. 7 8 Tel: +2-048-2282698 / +2- 01010747627 9 10 11 E-mail: [email protected] 12 13 Fax: +2-048-2326810 14 15 Postal code: 32718For peer review only 16 17 18 19 20 Key Words: 21 22 23 Computer-Assisted Instruction (MeSH terms); Medical Education (MeSH terms); Distance Education 24 25 (MeSH terms); MOOCs; Egypt. 26 27 28 Word Count: 29 30 - Title: 18 words (114 characters) 31 32 - Abstract: 294 words 33 34 http://bmjopen.bmj.com/ - Text: 3335 words 35 36 37 - Number of figures and tables: 5 38 39 40 41 42 on September 24, 2021 by guest. Protected copyright. 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 For peer review only - http://bmjopen.bmj.com/site/about/guidelines.xhtml Page 5 of 32 BMJ Open BMJ Open: first published as 10.1136/bmjopen-2014-006804 on 5 January 2015. Downloaded from 4 1 2 3 4 ABSTRACT 5 6 7 8 9 Objectives: To primarily assess the prevalence of awareness and use of massive open online courses 10 11 12 (MOOCs) among medical undergraduates in Egypt as a developing country, besides identifying the 13 14 limitations and satisfaction of using these courses. 15 For peer review only 16 Design: A multi-center, cross-sectional study using a web-based, pilot-tested and self-administered 17 18 19 questionnaire. 20 21 Settings: Ten randomly selected medical schools in Egypt. 22 23 24 Participants: Randomly selected 2700 undergraduate medical students with an equal allocation of 25 26 participants in each university and each study year. 27 28 Primary and secondary outcomes measures: The primary outcome measures were the percentages of 29 30 31 students who knew about MOOCs, students who enrolled and students who obtained a certificate. 32 33 Secondary outcome measures included the limitations and satisfaction of using MOOCs through 5- 34 http://bmjopen.bmj.com/ 35 point Likert scale questions. 36 37 38 Results: Of 2527 eligible students, 2106 filled the questionnaire (response rate 83.3%). Of these 39 40 students, 456 (21.7%) knew the term MOOCs or websites providing these courses. Out of the latter, 41 on September 24, 2021 by guest. Protected copyright. 42 136 students (29.8%) had enrolled in at least one course, but only 25 (18.4%) of them completed 43 44 45 courses earning certificates. Clinical years’ students showed significantly higher rates of knowledge 46 47 (P= .009) and enrollment (P< .001) than academic year students. The primary reasons for incompletion 48 49 50 of courses included lack of time (105; 77.2%) and slow internet speed (73; 53.7%). Of the 25 students 51 52 who completed courses, 21 (84%) were satisfied with the overall experience. However, there was less 53 54 satisfaction regarding student-instructor (8; 32%) and student-student (5; 20%) interactions. 55 56 57 58 59 60 For peer review only - http://bmjopen.bmj.com/site/about/guidelines.xhtml BMJ Open Page 6 of 32 BMJ Open: first published as 10.1136/bmjopen-2014-006804 on 5 January 2015. Downloaded from 5 1 2 3 Conclusions: Approximately one-fifth of Egyptian medical undergraduates have heard about MOOCs 4 5 6 with only about 6.5% actively enrolled in courses. However, students who actively participated showed 7 8 a positive attitude toward the experience, but better time management skills and faster internet 9 10 11 connection speeds are required. Further studies are needed to address the enrolled students for a better 12 13 understanding of their experience. 14 15 For peer review only 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 http://bmjopen.bmj.com/ 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 on September 24, 2021 by guest. Protected copyright. 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 For peer review only - http://bmjopen.bmj.com/site/about/guidelines.xhtml Page 7 of 32 BMJ Open BMJ Open: first published as 10.1136/bmjopen-2014-006804 on 5 January 2015.
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