Journal of Marine Science and Engineering Article Anomalous Oceanic Conditions in the Central and Eastern North Pacific Ocean during the 2014 Hurricane Season and Relationships to Three Major Hurricanes 1, , 1 2 Victoria L. Ford * y , Nan D. Walker and Iam-Fei Pun 1 Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences, Coastal Studies Institute Earth Scan Laboratory, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA 2 Graduate Institute of Hydrological and Oceanic Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan * Correspondence:
[email protected] Current institution: Climate Science Lab, Department of Geography, Texas A&M University, y College Station, TX 77845, USA. Received: 27 February 2020; Accepted: 14 April 2020; Published: 17 April 2020 Abstract: The 2014 Northeast Pacific hurricane season was highly active, with above-average intensity and frequency events, and a rare landfalling Hawaiian hurricane. We show that the anomalous northern extent of sea surface temperatures and anomalous vertical extent of upper ocean heat content above 26 ◦C throughout the Northeast and Central Pacific Ocean may have influenced three long-lived tropical cyclones in July and August. Using a variety of satellite-observed and -derived products, we assess genesis conditions, along-track intensity, and basin-wide anomalous upper ocean heat content during Hurricanes Genevieve, Iselle, and Julio. The anomalously northern surface position of the 26 ◦C isotherm beyond 30◦ N to the north and east of the Hawaiian Islands in 2014 created very high sea surface temperatures throughout much of the Central Pacific. Analysis of basin-wide mean conditions confirm higher-than-average storm activity during strong positive oceanic thermal 2 anomalies.