Gerald R. Ford Oral History Project Terry O'donnell Interviewed By

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Gerald R. Ford Oral History Project Terry O'donnell Interviewed By Gerald R. Ford Oral History Project Terry O’Donnell Interviewed by Richard Norton Smith March 30, 2009 Smith: Thanks for doing this. We really appreciate it. Tell us a little bit about what you were doing before your path crossed with Gerald Ford’s. O’Donnell: Well, I was an Air Force Academy graduate and an Air Force officer, and after Vietnam, I was serving in Washington, D.C. Alex Butterfield, who was my father’s military aide in Hawaii when my father was Pacific Air Forces Commander, called me up one day and he said, “Terry, the Nixon White House is getting ready for the ’72 election. Would you like to come over and get interviewed, because I know you’re thinking about leaving the Air Force?” I was a JAG officer, a legal officer, at the time. So I took him up on that, went to the White House, interviewed with Dwight Chapin and Ron Walker and a couple of other individuals and was hired on as a staff member in the Nixon White House. I did some advance work and then I went and worked directly for Dwight Chapin from the convention until the election and then I worked for Bob Haldeman directly as his assistant from the election in ’72 until Bob resigned in March or April of the following year. Then General Haig came in to take Bob’s job. I’ll never forget it, I was right in his outer office, my little office was right there in the West Wing. He said, “Terry, I understand you come from a good military family, so I want to keep you on the staff, but your last two bosses, I’m afraid, are going to go to the slammer. So, if you don’t mind, I’m going to put you over into the Executive Office building for awhile until things cool down.” Of course, I was delighted to stay on, because a lawyer leaving the White House during the Watergate time would not have been a good thing and I’m afraid I might have had some trouble finding a job. So, I was delighted to stay on. And, roll forward, when the resignation occurred, General Haig as Chief of Staff at that point asked me to sit in the President’s outer office filling the job that Steve Bull used to fill for President Nixon as his personal aide for a few weeks until things settled Terry O’Donnell March 30, 2009 down, because there was no discipline, initially, in the office. People were walking in with papers and letters and things of that nature. Smith: The famous spokes in the wheel? O’Donnell: Yes. Smith: Although one senses the wheel was coming off. O’Donnell: That’s right. So, I was happy to do that and that’s how I ended up having my first meeting with President Ford. Smith: Let me back up. Do you remember where you were when you heard about the Watergate break-in? O’Donnell: Well, I don’t remember where, but I was on Ron Walker’s staff, on the advance staff. That was my first job when I came in. That was in June of ’72 and I had been on the staff for maybe three weeks prior to the Watergate break-in. Of course, it didn’t seem to be a very significant event, initially. Nixon had that landslide win in ’72 and then it eroded and ate away and the resignation was ultimately the consequence of that. It was a tough time to be on the White House staff. Smith: What was it like to be around Haldeman at that point? O’Donnell: Well, one thing that I’m forever grateful of is neither Bob nor Dwight Chapin ever shared with me anything. I was a young aide working for them and they never shared anything with me about those events and I was very happy that I did not have to go to the FBI for interviews and everything else as many White House people did. Bob was a very dedicated guy. He was an exacting executive. He expected perfection. He said, “This White House is the President’s house and it should be the best in the world.” So if he walked through the West Wing and saw a paper askance, he’d make note of it. And if he went, literally, into the john at Camp David because this really happened, and the toilet paper roll was almost run down, he made a note of it and say, “Terry, that’s not as it should be. Fix it.” And that was my job and I found whoever was in charge of it and got it fixed. So that was the kind of man he 2 Terry O’Donnell March 30, 2009 was. I enjoyed working with him because he’s the toughest boss that I’ve ever had. Smith: I also sense that Mrs. Nixon was held at some distance by Haldeman and Ehrlichman. O’Donnell: The East Wing was very distinct in those days and dealt with differently. I would say, the more modern presidencies have incorporated the East Wing. Things have changed a lot since then. You’re right. Smith: Did they resent her? Did she resent them? Because I’m sensing there was a personal element quite apart from the cultural sense that, “Well, that’s the East Wing and they do women’s issues.” O’Donnell: That I can’t comment on because I never was privy to any information about the inner workings vis-a-vie Mrs. Nixon. I know about the two staffs and how the East Wing was dealt with as a staff during the Nixon times, but I don’t know the inner relationship between Bob Haldeman, or Dwight and Mrs. Nixon or Steve Bull. I just can’t comment on that. Smith: Was there a time, an epiphany, or was it a gradual dawning process, end of ’72 or first part of ’73, when you personally began to sense that a) this was bigger than we thought, and/or b) that maybe the President’s involved? O’Donnell: I think it was a gradual kind of painful process, step by step. There was a cartoon at the time which I think best defines it because I can remember it vividly. There was a gentleman on crutches and he’s asking someone for directions and the fellow tells him, “It’s just around the corner.” We always felt the good news, the break, is just around the corner. But in the cartoon, corners just went on for infinity, just a squiggly line of corners. And so that’s the way we began to feel. The staff was a terrific staff. It was a very dedicated and loyal staff. So many of the people, the Nixon people, went on to become Ford people and Reagan people and George Bush people, Bush 41. So they were very, very good, capable staff with a lot of hope in the President and a lot of trust and so it was a slow, painful process that ate away at the confidence and trust. And 3 Terry O’Donnell March 30, 2009 then, when the tapes came out, some of the tape quotes, I think at that point, everybody on the staff was very concerned about what really happened here and how it happened. Smith: Did you know about the taping system? O’Donnell: I’ll tell you a funny story. I did not, bottom line. But when I went to interview in June of ’72, Fred Malek was Nixon’s personnel guy; he was one of the fellows that I interviewed with. After the interview, I went to meet with Alex Butterfield who I had known as a family friend and former military officer for my dad. And Alex took me into the President’s office, the Oval Office; the President was away and I was looking around and touching things and he said, “Terry, be careful, there’s a lot of tricky things in here.” That’s the word he used and I had no idea what he was talking about, and then later I realized, that Alex was aware of the taping system and, in fact, I think it was under his jurisdiction or part of his responsibility to help to set it up. He didn’t make the decision to do it, but he implemented that decision. But I never had an idea that it was there until it was disclosed publicly. And Alex, I don’t know whether the Watergate staff knew before they interviewed Alex Butterfield that day, but you remember, he was the one who was credited for revealing it up there on Capitol Hill in a staff interview and immediately they rolled him into a formal hearing and made him say it on the record. And I think that was the beginning of the end because without the tapes, the President never would have resigned and they never would have a “case” against him, I believe. I just don’t think it ever would’ve occurred. Smith: You know, it’s interesting, I only heard President Ford speak ill of two people and the worst he could say was, “He’s a bad man.” That’s the worst he could come up with. One was Gordon Liddy and the other was John Dean, both of which, in retrospect, you can see why he might have felt the way he did. Did you have any contact with either one? O’Donnell: I had a fair amount of contact with John Dean.
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