sign in sign up
<<
Home , Animism, World religions

Unit 2

World and Systems

Name: ______

1

Table of Contents

Animism…………………………………………….9 Shintoism……………………………………….....10 ………………………………………….15 …………………………………………20 ……………………………………………..23 ………………………………………..27 ………………………………………………....29 …………………………………….35

2

What do you know about religions?

Directions: Read the following statements about belief systems. Circle AGREE or DISAGREE.

1. The largest in the is Christianity? AGREE DISAGREE

2. The country of China is officially an atheist country. AGREE DISAGREE

3. Saudi Arabia has the largest number of Muslims in the world. AGREE DISAGREE

4. The world’s most shoplifted book is the Bible. AGREE DISAGREE

5. Muslims believe in AGREE DISAGREE

6. Brazil is the country with the largest number of Catholics in the world. AGREE DISAGREE

7. More Americans “regularly” attend church than any other country in the world.

AGREE DISAGREE

8. The Torah is the official book for the Jewish religion. AGREE DISAGREE

9. Some religions believe that rocks have . AGREE DISAGREE

10. The Pope is the head of the . AGREE DISAGREE

3

Name all the religions/belief systems that you know.

Do you have a religion or belief?

What do you know about it? What do you want to know?

4

The Indo Europeans

Who are they?  ______people

Where did they come from?  ______: dry grasslands that stretched north of the Caucasus mountains (between Black and Caspian Seas)

Language:  Ancestors of many of the ______languages of Europe, Southwest Asia and South Asia.  ______, ______, Persian, and Hindi can all trace their origins back

Why did they migrate?  Nobody knows why  1700-1200 BC  happened in ______over ______periods of time

5

What is it? Related Words

migration

What effects does it have? Why does it happen?

Directions: Use pages 61-64 in your textbook to fill in the chart.

Hittites Aryans 1. Land they occupied

2. Features of their culture

3. Impact they had

6

7

8

Current population Many ______societies throughout the Location world  Particularly ______and ______

Developed throughout many parts of the world Origins throughout the course of history

Places of ______take place outdoors in ______Worship Beliefs  Belief in a ______with lesser ______and ______ Everything in nature has a ______- ex.) ______, animals, natural forces, ______, people…everything  ______worship - believe that the souls of the dead can have an impact on daily

. ______Religious - man or woman Leaders - conducts ______. ______- served as interpreters - job was to explain ______. ______- helped families become aware of problems, along with providing ______9

Shintoism

Current ______million population Location Mostly ______Origins  Developed around ______BC in the Japanese archipelago  No one founder-evolved from ______religions with similar views and beliefs

______are resurrected in places of Places of ______, or areas of ______importance Beliefs  = “______”  Worship ______() found in all living and non-living things -Controls ______such as typhoons and earthquakes  Carry a deep respect for ______ Reverence for ______-ancestor worship

Famous  Kokiji- Record of Ancient Matters  Nikong-Chronicles of Writings

10

Comparing Concepts

Topic: & SHINTOISM

Concept 1: Concept 2:

How are

they alike?

How are

they different?

11

12

13

14

Current population ______million Largest portion of population in ______Location and South ______-developed through ancient Origins ______traditions and beliefs around the Indus Valley Region Aryan traditions were eventually ______down in a series of works, know as the ______- Contains hymns, ______, magical spells, and instructions for Vedas conducting ______- Were recorded in the spoken and written language of ______- _____ Veda-oldest and most ______of the Vedas (means all of nature is holy) - ______- collection of works, written by Hindu ______to ______the Vedas  One true ______- an all powerful spirit that creates and destroys - unites all ______(souls of living Beliefs beings)  ______- anything that has ever lived does not die entirely. Its inner- self is ______into another form  All wise Hindus seek ______- Moksha- a state of ______(reincarnation stops and the souls blend with )

15

 Written in the ______ People are divided into four groups of ______classes, know as ______ The varna (or groups) make up the parts System of the Hindu  Brahmin: ______class-the highest class - (make up the ______)  Kshatriya: Ruler and warrior class - (make up the gods ______)  Vaishya: ______, ______and ______class - (make up the gods ______)  Shudra: ______and ______. - (make up the gods ______)  People considered ______of the ______system  Considered ______who must stay away from others  Viewed as very ______people

______

______

______

______

______

16

Name: ______Brahmin: Hindu Caste System Priest class- The Varna make up the parts of the Hindu God the highest class (make Directions: Illustrate the Hindu God using the four up the gods different caste systems. (Use the definitions on the left to mouth) help you.) Be creative!

______

Kshatriya: Ruler and warrior class (make up the gods arms)

______

Vaishya: Landowner, artisan and merchant class (make up the gods legs)

______

Shudra: slaves and servants. (make up the gods feet) 17

18

Hinduism (continued) Caste System  People are ______into a specific caste (continued)  There is ___ chance to move ____ or ______in this lifetime  Position in today’s world is based on earlier ______made in a previous ______

Rules of the  Always ______within your caste Caste:  Each caste in a ______part of the ______ Stay in the caste for a ______ Each caste has its own ______ ______life is sacred (many vegetarians)

Karma:  Ethical law of ______and ______. Moral behavior in one life guarantees ______in a ______caste :  ______or ______that each member of a caste has o One must be a ______member of their caste to move ______ Ex.) Boy born in a the Kshatriya (warrior) caste must be willing to ______

Places of Worship:  ______River: holy river used for bathing and ______ Benares: holy ______located on the Ganges River Famous Writings: 1. ______: 4 major collections of hymns and 2. ______: oldest, most important religious document of Hinduism 3. ______-written teachings that explain the Vedas

Religious Leader: ______priests- conducted the major ceremonies and

 People follow the Vedas and dharma to improves status, and ______achieve ______ Moksha- a state of perfect understanding (reincarnation stops and the souls blend with Brahman)

19

Also known The ______Path as: Current ______million Population: Location:  Originally began in ______ (only 1% of the population in India today)  Has spread throughout the ______: mostly ______, ______and

Origins:  Founded by ______Gautama (528BC) o Aka: ______ Challenged ideas of the ______Priests  Saw life as an endless cycle of ______- only way to escape was through ______ Gain wisdom through ______, harsh ______and ______o ______came to him after meditating deeply for 49 days

______Beliefs 1. Everything in life is ______and sorrow 2. The cause of suffering is people’s ______desire 3. The way to end suffering is eliminate one’s ______4. Follow the ______path

20

The Eightfold  Buddha’s guide for ______ Movement through path is like a staircase Path o each step must be ______before moving on to the next (can take multiple ______) 1. right ______2. right ______3. right ______4. right ______5. right ______6. right ______7. right ______8. right ______o by following the Eightfold Path, ______could reach ______o Buddha taught followers to treat all living things with loving kindness Enlightenment Nirvana-

Religious -______- Most famous leader- ______- leader of Leaders Places of -Buddhist and followers tend to worship in ______-______- religious shrines established that contain Worship the relics of Buddha. Many make pilgrimages to stupas and other religious sites Famous Tripitaka (Three Baskets of Wisdom) - earliest written scriptures based on Buddha’s teachings Writings Religious Buddhism – Stressed ______life as the way to reach nirvana – Respected Buddha as a ______, but not as a ______– Spread to Ceylon, Burma,

Mahayana Buddhism – Worshipped Buddha and other enlightened ones as ______– Spread to China, Tibet, Japan and Korea

21

Comparing Concepts

Topic: HINDUISM & BUDDHISM

22

Judaism

Current population: ______million

Location: scattered throughout the world, largest area is ______and ______Origins:  Began around 1800 B.C.  Abraham was instructed by God (______) to move his people to Canaan. o The agreement became known as the ______.  Hebrews moved to ______to escape famine in 1650B.C. o ______by the Egyptians  ______led the Hebrews out of Egypt between 1300 and 1200 B.C. o Known as the ______ Moses made another covenant with Yahweh and received the ______ ______came during the reign of three kings- Saul, David and Solomon o Led to the establishment of ______ Kingdom of Israel ______in two after Solomon o ______to the north o ______to the south  Forced from their homeland by the Romans in 132 A.D. o Know as ______: ______ Regained land of Israel in 1948 A.D. following WWII Beliefs:  : ______o ______ Yahweh loves and protects ______, but expects people to be held accountable for their ______ Serve God by studying the Torah and living it’s teaching

23

 The ______o First four concern Hebrews relationship with ______o Last six concern the Hebrews relationship with ______

Famous Writings:  Tenakh- known as the ______o ______- part of the Old Testament . Contains the first five books of the Hebrew Bible  Talmud- o Contains stories laws, medical knowledge, and debates about moral choices Places of Worship:  ______Religious leaders:  ______

24

Directions: Complete the cluster map based on your discussion in class.

Prefix and it’s meaning: Root word and it’s meaning:

monotheism

Related words: Meaning of entire word

Directions: Use your textbook to complete the chart. 1. Who was Abraham and what role did he play in Judaism? (pp. 77-78) 2. How did the religious beliefs of the Hebrews differ from other groups? (p. 78) 3. What was the “new covenant” between God and the Hebrews after they fled Egypt? (p.79) 4. Why did the kingdom of Israel divide in 922 BC? (p. 81) 25

26

Christianity

Current Population: 2 billion  (______)

Location: Scattered throughout the world.  Largest areas- ______and ______

Origins:  Began with the birth of ______in the town of Bethlehem between 6 and 4 AD  Christ grew up in the holy land of Jerusalem  Christ was a ______and spread the belief of ______ He promised ______and ______ Viewed by many as the Messiah (savior of the Jews)  Because of his rising popularity and refusal to worship Roman gods, Roman leader Pontius Pilate sentenced to ______o Christians believe ______ Christians were persecuted by the Romans for over 250 years o Those willing to die for their religion were known as ______ 312AD Constantine legalizes Christianity in the Roman Empire  392AD Emperor Theodosius makes Christianity the official religion of the Roman Empire. o Christianity will now spread throughout ______

27

Beliefs:  ______: there is only one God  Jesus was the ______ Jesus died to save humanity from ______ Jesus’ death and resurrection prove eternal life exists and is possible for others  Add Jesus’ life and teachings o the ______Testament  to the teachings of the ______o the ______Testament

Famous Writings: ______o Contains written records of ______and teachings (the New Testament) to the teachings of ______(the Old Testament)

Places of Worship: ______

Religious Leaders:  ______- head of the Roman  ______- head of the Greek Orthodox Church  ______, ______, monks, and ______

How is Christianity similar to Judaism?

28

29

30

Islam

Current Population: ______Billion

Location: Most reside in the countries that make up the ______

Origins:  ______(570 BC)  was an Arab Trader who was instructed by the Angel Gabriel to “proclaim” the word of GOD.  Forced to flee Mecca to Medina- had not converted many people  Hegira o ______of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina o ______in Islam o Marked the ______of Islam - gained many converts  Muhammad Returns: o 630 AD returns to ______with a large following o ______images of other ______o ______becomes the ______for all Muslims  Death of Muhammad o 632AD o ______across the Arabian Peninsula and brought ______Famous Writing:  ______(Qur’an) o ______of the Muslims o Contains the revelations of Muhammad Places of Worship:  ______ ______- most famous place to worship Religious Leaders:  ______- ultimate religious leader of the Muslims  No - ______classes (ulama and imam) may conduct ceremonies)

31

Beliefs: The ______of Islam

The

Five Pillars

 Jihad: (______)- ______

32

The Family o Extended families o ______- men were allowed to have more than one wife o Women- treated differently depending on the region . Islam says that ______ Allowed to inherit property  Manage a business  Get divorced . Over time there rights have weakened o ______asserted greater control . Women lived in secluded sections of the house where called the haram- men could not enter o ______- became a custom in many areas . Forced women to cover themselves in a dark veil with exception of the ______. Not allowed to look directly into a ______o Women were expected to do all ______o Marriages were usually ______Beliefs and Islamic Law and Government:  Sharia o Governs all aspects of life o Based on the teachings of the ______o ______o Regulates moral conducts, family life, business practices and government decisions o Punishment is similar to the Code of Hammurabi (Eye for an Eye) ______ Government o Traditionally ruled by a ______or ______o Territory subdivided into regions called caliphates . Rulers were called a ______Division of Islam:  ______: any proper Muslim could become a caliph o ______of Muslims today  ______: only descendents of Muhammad could become caliph o ______is the only modern nation where Shiites rule

33

Comparing Concepts

Topic: JUDAISM, CHRISTIANITY, & ISLAM

Concept 1: Concept 2: Concept 3: Judaism Christianity Islam

How are they alike?

How are

they different?

Concept 1: Concept 3: Judaism Concept 2 Islam Christianity

______

34

Confucianism Current Population: ______million Location: Majority of believers are Chinese

Origins:  Developed by ______(551-479 BC)  Developed during the “______” era of the Zhou Dynasty o ______made in response to the turmoil of the time  Considered an ______system, not a religion  Formed principles of ______that became the foundation for social order in Chinese ______

Beliefs:  ______: the good of the ______and ______came before the good of the ______ The ______: restore order & must govern society . Ruler to ______. Father to ______. Older Brother to ______. Husband to ______. Friend to ______ Human nature is essentially ______ There should be respect for ______and ______ There should be ordered society. Do what is expected.  ______, ______and temperance are necessary.  Ruler has the responsibility to rule for the ______ Ruler should choose the most ______and able of ______social classes to serve as officials. The mandarins became the highest social class o Problem: ______o Problem: ______

Holy Book:  The ______o collection of ______recorded by his students

Places of Worship:  ______.  Members are required to conduct ______to honor their ______

Religious Leaders:  ______- viewed as an ethical system

35

36

Study the relationship between the first set of words. Pick one word from the word bank that completes the second pair with this same relationship.

Theology reincarnation India

Sutras

Siddhartha disciple martyr

Polytheism Confucianism

Example: belief in one god : monotheism :: belief in many gods :

1. the study of humans and their cultures : :: the study of religion : ______

2. belief in one god : monotheism :: belief that there is no god : ______

3. the essential nature of the universe : dharma :: the belief that a 's actions, good or bad, determine their destiny : ______

4. person who betrayed another : traitor :: person who died for a religious cause : ______

5. god : :: follower : ______

6. redemption : salvation :: rebirth of a into a new body : ______

7. : China :: Hinduism : ______

8. Christianity : Bible :: Buddhism : ______

9. Muhammad : Islam :: Buddhism : ______

10. Torah : Judaism :: Analects : ______

37

38