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TAXON:Eucharis Amazonica SCORE

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TAXON: Eucharis amazonica SCORE: -1.0 RATING: Low Risk Taxon: Eucharis amazonica Family: Amaryllidaceae Common Name(s): Amazon lily Synonym(s): Eucharis grandiflora hort. Eucharist lily Assessor: Chuck Chimera Status: Assessor Approved End Date: 2 Apr 2015 WRA Score: -1.0 Designation: L Rating: Low Risk Keywords: Naturalized, Understory Herb, Shade tolerant, White-flowered, Sterile Qsn # Question Answer Option Answer 101 Is the species highly domesticated? y=-3, n=0 n 102 Has the species become naturalized where grown? 103 Does the species have weedy races? Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) - If 201 island is primarily wet habitat, then substitute "wet (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2-high) (See Appendix 2) High tropical" for "tropical or subtropical" 202 Quality of climate match data (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2-high) (See Appendix 2) High 203 Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility) y=1, n=0 n Native or naturalized in regions with tropical or 204 y=1, n=0 y subtropical climates Does the species have a history of repeated introductions 205 y=-2, ?=-1, n=0 y outside its natural range? 301 Naturalized beyond native range y = 1*multiplier (see Appendix 2), n= question 205 y 302 Garden/amenity/disturbance weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see Appendix 2) n 303 Agricultural/forestry/horticultural weed n=0, y = 2*multiplier (see Appendix 2) n 304 Environmental weed n=0, y = 2*multiplier (see Appendix 2) n 305 Congeneric weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see Appendix 2) n 401 Produces spines, thorns or burrs y=1, n=0 n 402 Allelopathic 403 Parasitic y=1, n=0 n 404 Unpalatable to grazing animals 405 Toxic to animals y=1, n=0 y 406 Host for recognized pests and pathogens y=1, n=0 n 407 Causes allergies or is otherwise toxic to humans 408 Creates a fire hazard in natural ecosystems y=1, n=0 n 409 Is a shade tolerant plant at some stage of its life cycle y=1, n=0 y Creation Date: 2 Apr 2015 (Eucharis amazonica) Page 1 of 13 TAXON: Eucharis amazonica SCORE: -1.0 RATING: Low Risk Qsn # Question Answer Option Answer Tolerates a wide range of soil conditions (or limestone 410 y=1, n=0 y conditions if not a volcanic island) 411 Climbing or smothering growth habit y=1, n=0 n 412 Forms dense thickets 501 Aquatic y=5, n=0 n 502 Grass y=1, n=0 n 503 Nitrogen fixing woody plant y=1, n=0 n Geophyte (herbaceous with underground storage organs 504 y=1, n=0 y -- bulbs, corms, or tubers) Evidence of substantial reproductive failure in native 601 y=1, n=0 n habitat 602 Produces viable seed 603 Hybridizes naturally y=1, n=-1 y 604 Self-compatible or apomictic y=1, n=-1 n 605 Requires specialist pollinators y=-1, n=0 y 606 Reproduction by vegetative fragmentation 607 Minimum generative time (years) 1 year = 1, 2 or 3 years = 0, 4+ years = -1 2 Propagules likely to be dispersed unintentionally (plants 701 y=1, n=-1 n growing in heavily trafficked areas) 702 Propagules dispersed intentionally by people y=1, n=-1 y 703 Propagules likely to disperse as a produce contaminant y=1, n=-1 n 704 Propagules adapted to wind dispersal y=1, n=-1 n 705 Propagules water dispersed 706 Propagules bird dispersed y=1, n=-1 n 707 Propagules dispersed by other animals (externally) y=1, n=-1 n 708 Propagules survive passage through the gut y=1, n=-1 n 801 Prolific seed production (>1000/m2) y=1, n=-1 n Evidence that a persistent propagule bank is formed (>1 802 y=1, n=-1 n yr) 803 Well controlled by herbicides 804 Tolerates, or benefits from, mutilation, cultivation, or fire Effective natural enemies present locally (e.g. introduced 805 biocontrol agents) Creation Date: 2 Apr 2015 (Eucharis amazonica) Page 2 of 13 TAXON: Eucharis amazonica SCORE: -1.0 RATING: Low Risk Supporting Data: Qsn # Question Answer 101 Is the species highly domesticated? n Source(s) Notes [No evidence] "An understory herb of lower and mid-montane rain forest of northeastern Peru, most prominently in the Huallaga valley Meerow, A. W. (1989). Systematics of the Amazon lilies, in the Vicinity of Moyobamba and Tarapoto (Fig. 99), 500-1,500 m. Eucharis and Caliphruria (Amaryllidaceae). Annals of the Widely cultivated throughout the warm tropics and as a house and Missouri Botanical Garden,76(1): 136-220 greenhouse plant 'in the temperate zone. Occasionally adventive 'in the West Indies and probably elsewhere." 102 Has the species become naturalized where grown? Source(s) Notes WRA Specialist. 2015. Personal Communication NA 103 Does the species have weedy races? Source(s) Notes WRA Specialist. 2015. Personal Communication NA Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) - If 201 island is primarily wet habitat, then substitute "wet High tropical" for "tropical or subtropical" Source(s) Notes Meerow, A. W. (1989). Systematics of the Amazon lilies, "An understory herb of lower and mid-montane rain forest of Eucharis and Caliphruria (Amaryllidaceae). Annals of the northeastern Peru, most prominently in the Huallaga valley in the Missouri Botanical Garden,76(1): 136-220 Vicinity of Moyobamba and Tarapoto...500-1,500 m." 202 Quality of climate match data High Source(s) Notes Meerow, A. W. (1989). Systematics of the Amazon lilies, Eucharis and Caliphruria (Amaryllidaceae). Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden,76(1): 136-220 203 Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility) n Source(s) Notes Gilman, E.F. 2007. Eucharis amazonica Amazon Lily, Eucharist Lily. FPS198. Revised. IFAS, University of Florida, "USDA hardiness zones: 10 through 11" Gainesville, FL. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/. [Accessed 1 Apr 2015] Missouri Botanical Garden. 2015. Eucharis amazonica. http://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/Pla "Zone: 10 to 11" ntFinderDetails.aspx?kempercode=a448. [Accessed 1 Apr 2015] Creation Date: 2 Apr 2015 (Eucharis amazonica) Page 3 of 13 TAXON: Eucharis amazonica SCORE: -1.0 RATING: Low Risk Qsn # Question Answer Native or naturalized in regions with tropical or 204 y subtropical climates Source(s) Notes "An understory herb of lower and mid-montane rain forest of northeastern Peru, most prominently in the Huallaga valley in the Meerow, A. W. (1989). Systematics of the Amazon lilies, Vicinity of Moyobamba and Tarapoto (Fig. 99), 500-1,500 m. Widely Eucharis and Caliphruria (Amaryllidaceae). Annals of the cultivated throughout the warm tropics and as a house and Missouri Botanical Garden,76(1): 136-220 greenhouse plant 'in the temperate zone. Occasionally adventive 'in the West Indies and probably elsewhere." Does the species have a history of repeated 205 y introductions outside its natural range? Source(s) Notes Meerow, A. W. (1989). Systematics of the Amazon lilies, "Widely cultivated throughout the warm tropics and as a house and Eucharis and Caliphruria (Amaryllidaceae). Annals of the greenhouse plant in the temperate zone." Missouri Botanical Garden,76(1): 136-220 301 Naturalized beyond native range y Source(s) Notes Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. 2005. "Eucharis amazonica" ... "Distribution in Puerto Rico: Naturalized or Monocotyledons and Gymnosperms of Puerto Rico and persistent in forest understory. Reported from Adjuntas and the Virgin Islands. Contributions from the United States Arecibo." National Herbarium 52: 1-415 Meerow, A. W. (1989). Systematics of the Amazon lilies, "Occasionally adventive 'in the West Indies and probably Eucharis and Caliphruria (Amaryllidaceae). Annals of the elsewhere." Missouri Botanical Garden,76(1): 136-220 Wagner, W.L., Herbst, D.R.& Lorence, D.H. 2015. Flora of the Hawaiian Islands. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. No evidence from the Hawaiian Islands http://botany.si.edu/pacificislandbiodiversity/hawaiianflo ra/index.htm. [Accessed 1 Apr 2015] 302 Garden/amenity/disturbance weed n Source(s) Notes Randall, R.P. 2012. A Global Compendium of Weeds. 2nd Edition. Department of Agriculture and Food, Western No evidence Australia 303 Agricultural/forestry/horticultural weed n Source(s) Notes Randall, R.P. 2012. A Global Compendium of Weeds. 2nd Edition. Department of Agriculture and Food, Western No evidence Australia 304 Environmental weed n Creation Date: 2 Apr 2015 (Eucharis amazonica) Page 4 of 13 TAXON: Eucharis amazonica SCORE: -1.0 RATING: Low Risk Qsn # Question Answer Source(s) Notes Randall, R.P. 2012. A Global Compendium of Weeds. 2nd Edition. Department of Agriculture and Food, Western No evidence Australia 305 Congeneric weed n Source(s) Notes Randall, R.P. 2012. A Global Compendium of Weeds. 2nd Edition. Department of Agriculture and Food, Western No evidence Australia 401 Produces spines, thorns or burrs n Source(s) Notes "Bulb 3.5-6 cm diam., neck 2.8-4.5 cm long, tunics brown. Leaves usually 2-4; petiole (15-)25-3 (-50) cm long, 5.5-9 mm thick; lam- ma long-elliptic, (20-)30-40(-50) cm long, (10-) 12-18 cm wide, length/width ratio usually greater than 2, acuminate. subcordate at Meerow, A. W. (1989). Systematics of the Amazon lilies, the base and attenuate to the petiole, lustrous, dark green adaxially Eucharis and Caliphruria (Amaryllidaceae). Annals of the and shallowly or inconspicuously plicate, abaxial surface lighter Missouri Botanical Garden,76(1): 136-220 green, cuticular striations obscure or largely absent, margins coarsely undulate. Scape 4.5-7(-8) dm tall, ca. 1-1.5 cm diam. proximally, ca. 5 mm diam. distally, terete; primary bracts (30-)35-58 (-61) mm long, broadly ovate-lanceolate, green" 402 Allelopathic Source(s) Notes Fujii, Y., Parvez, S. S., Parvez, M., Ohmae, Y., & Iida, O. [Demonstrates allelopathic potential under laboratory conditions] 2003. Screening of 239 medicinal plant species for "Table 1. Screening of leaf litter of 239 medicinal plant species under allelopathic activity using the sandwich method.
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    ANALISIS DEL CONTENIDO ALCALOIDICO DE CALIPHRURIA SUBEDENTATA BAKER (AMARYLLIDACEAE) POR EL METODO CG-EM FABIO CABEZAS1*, NATALIA PIGNI2, JAUME BASTIDA2, CARLES CODINA2 Y FRANCESC VILADOMAT2 (Recibido Junio 2012; Aceptado Marzo 2013) Este manuscrito está dedicado al Dr. Tirso Ríos en reconocimiento a su trayectoria en la investigación de los Productos Naturales ABSTRACT Caliphruria is a genus of bulbous plants in the Amaryllidaceae family. It consists of four species distributed in tropical regions of South America, three of them are endemic of Colombia. This genus is infrequent in nature, with restricted geogra- phical distribution. C. subedentata Baker is threatened by extinction. The polar extract showed moderate cytotoxic activity. In previews phytochemical studies, by classical methods, we isolated six alkaloids: galanthamine, lycorine, haemantamine, maritidine, homolycorine and hamayna. In this work we reports 18 compounds identified by GC-MS technique: ismine, trisphaeridine, 5,6-dihydrobicolorine, ga- lanthamine, clidantine, narwedine, kirkine, galantindol, maritidine, anhydrolyco- rine, deoxytazetine, 6-methoxypretazzetine, tazzetine, haemantamine, 11,12-de- hydroanhydrolycorine, lycorine, homolycorine, epimacronine and one alkaloid not identified. www.relaquim.com Keywords. Alkaloids, galanthamine, lycorine, Caliphruria subedentata, Amarylli- daceae, GC-EM method, biological activity. RESUMEN Caliphruria es un género de plantas bulbosas perteneciente a la familia Amary- llidaceae. Consiste en cuatro especies distribuidas en regiones tropicales de Sur América, tres de las cuales son endémicas de Colombia. Este género es muy escaso en la naturaleza, con distribución geográfica restringida.C. subedentata Baker está considerada en vía de extinción. El extracto polar mostró una moderada actividad citotóxica. En estudios fitoquímicos previos, por el método clásico, aislamos seis alcaloides: galantamina, licorina, hemantamina, maritidina, homolicorina y hamay- na.
  • FIRST RECORD of the AMAZON LILY Eucharis Sanderi (AMARYLLIDACEAE) for ISLA GORGONA, COLOMBIA*

    FIRST RECORD of the AMAZON LILY Eucharis Sanderi (AMARYLLIDACEAE) for ISLA GORGONA, COLOMBIA*

    BOLETÍN CIENTÍFICO ISSN 0123 - 3068 bol.cient.mus.hist.nat. 17 (1), enero - junio, 2013. 46 - 49 CENTRO DE MUSEOS MUSEO DE HISTORIA NATURAL FIRST RECORD OF THE AMAZON LILY Eucharis sanderi (AMARYLLIDACEAE) FOR ISLA GORGONA, COLOMBIA* Ana Paola Yusti-Muñoz1 y Jorge H. Velandia-Perilla1 Abstract The amazon lily Eucharis sanderi is a rare species endemic to western Colombia, with few locality records known. We documented the occurrence of the species for the first time on Isla Gorgona, near the Pacific coast of Colombia, based on a specimen collected in May, 2011. Isla Gorgona is an important protected area for the conservation of threatened species such as E. sanderi. We recommend that research be conducted to determine the conservation status of the population of this species on the island. Key words: Biogeography, Amazon Lilies, Eucharis, New locality records. PRIMER REGISTRO DEL LIRIO AMAZÓNICO Eucharis sanderi (AMARILLIDACEAE) PARA LA ISLA GORGONA, COLOMBIA Resumen El lirio amazónico Eucharis sanderi es una especie rara endémica del occidente de Colombia, con pocos registros de ocurrencia. Se documentó la presencia de la especie por primera vez en la Isla Gorgona, cerca de la costa del Pacífico de Colombia, con base en un ejemplar colectado en mayo de 2011. La Isla Gorgona es un área protegida, importante para la conservación de especies amenazadas, como E. sanderi. Se recomienda que se hagan estudios para determinar el estado de conservación de la población de esta especie en la Isla. Palabras clave: Biogeografía, Lirios Amazónicos, Eucharis, Nuevas localidades de registro. * FR: 3-IX-2012. FA: 22-X-2012.