Accelerating industrial electrification

VoltaChem in Action 2019

Celebrating our 5th anniversary

Join our Shared Innovation Program www.voltachem.com Table of contents

Part I The Voltachem Program Page 4 till page 12

Part II Example projects 2019 Page 13 till page 37

Contact information Page 36 till 38

VoltaChem introduction – page 2 VoltaChem introduction – page 3 VoltaChem in short Our mission and strategy

• Public-Private Shared Innovation Our mission Our strategy Program of 8M/year initiated in 2015 It is VoltaChem’s mission to support the chemical, electricity, VoltaChem pushes technological developments from TRL 3-5 and equipment supply sectors to find collaborative business (research & innovation) towards TRL 5-7 (piloting and by TNO, ECN, and Topsector Chemistry opportunities and address their challenges together by linking demonstration) in a collaborative program. We do this by (now Holland Chemistry). flexible electricity supply to energy demand in the chemical advancing knowledge through collaboration with top-players sector and by using electricity directly in chemical processing, in the field and by further developing this knowledge into CO2 FERTILIERS employing novel technologies, and business models. pilots and demonstrators together with industry and regional clusters. POWER • Accelerate innovation and implementation WIND -2- CHEMICALS of industrial electrification for reducing

CO2 footprint in chemicals production. CHEMICAL POWER POWER BILDING BLOCKS -2- -2- HEAT HYDROGEN • Initiate and facilitate collaborative OUR FOCUS ENERGY BIOMASS STORAGE development of technology and associated business models. TRANSPORT FELS

P • Addresses both the indirect and direct use of electricity within the chemical industry, involving stakeholders from chemicals, DEMONSTRATION COMMERCIAL IDEA LAB PILOT energy & equipment supply. PLANT PLANT

TRL-1 TRL-3 TRL-6 TRL-8 TRL-9

Accelerating Technology Development

Part I – VoltaChem program – page 4 Part I – VoltaChem program – page 5 Our approach The VoltaChem roadmap

We support the electricity, chemical, and equipment supply sector to find collaborative We focus our developments in four technology program lines dedicated to specific technological niches. The VoltaChem roadmap, business opportunities and address their challenges with respect to energy use, efficiency, first presented in our electrification whitepaper in 2015, positions these topics and the time before large-scale implementation in industry is expected. and selectivity together. We work closely with industry and academia on: • Bringing stakeholders together to accelerate technology adoption. • Developing business cases for industrial electrification in the short- and long-term. • Performing collaborative applied R&D in the field of industrial electrification. Capacity • Bringing technologies into industrial practice by initiating pilot/demo activities. Power-2-Chemicals • Addressing fundamental research questions together with top academic players. Power-2-Hydrogen Commodity Chemicals

H2 & CH4 to Chemicals

Power-2-Heat

Upgrading Power-2-Chemicals

Specialty Chemicals

Power-2-Chemicals

Fine Chemicals

Feedstock: Feedstock: Feedstock: fossil fossil, renewables, biobased renewables, biobased, CO2, H2O & N2

Time Now

Part I – VoltaChem program – page 6 Part I – VoltaChem program – page 7 Our program lines and application areas Business and technology combined

The VoltaChem shared innovation program is characterized by its combined business and technology perspective. This is materialized through business related application areas and technology related program lines. Application areas offer guiding choices for the technology development that is performed in the program lines Power-2-Integrate, Power-2-Heat, Power-2- Application areas: Hydrogen, and Power-2-Chemicals. Guiding choices in the program lines

Program lines: Fuels Fertiliers Plastics Both should be involved Business level: Development of key technologies to make it happen • Managing boards & governments • Business managers Power-2-Heat LT • Innovation/strategy managers Making processes more efficient through electrical upgrading or production of Idea phase medium- and high-temperature heat HT TRL 1 2 Application areas: Guiding choices in the program lines

Program lines: Fuels Fertiliers Plastics Power-2-Hydrogen Lab research Development of key technologies New technology concepts for the production TRL 2 4 of green hydrogen and its conversion to fuels LT Power-2-Heat Idea phase and added-value chemicals Pilot testing HT TRL 1 2

TRL 5 6 Lab research TRL 2 4 Power-2-Chemicals Power-2-Hydrogen Advanced electrochemical conversion Towards commercialiation Pilot testing technologies combined with process TRL 5 6 integration, modeling, and costing TRL 7 9 Towards Power-2-Chemicals commercialiation Tools validated Technical level: TRL 7 9 Power-2-Integrate & applied • R&D managers Tools validated Analysis of business cases and synergies • Plant managers & applied between industries to advise companies • Equipment suppliers Power-2-Integrate and support policy decisions

Part I – VoltaChem program – page 8 Part I – VoltaChem program – page 9 Technology development focus Unique knowledge & infrastructure

Power-2-Integrate TNO labs Delft TNO labs Petten (Faraday Lab) Technology scouting & developing economic, life-cycle & system models to better understand electrification opportunities and setting-up open collaborations with industrial clusters for demonstration and implementation.

Power-2-Heat Electrochemical lab equipment Thermo-acoustic heat Electrolyzer test stations Developing and testing a flexible electrically driven heat production pump pilot system and developing industrial integration concepts, for medium- and high temperature.

Power-2-Hydrogen Developing and testing electrochemical production technologies of hydrogen and further conversion towards fuels and added value Bench-scale atmospheric Bench-scale high-pressure Hydrogen separation and High pressure hydrogen chemicals. electrochemical test bed electrochemical test bed conversion long-term test rig conversion test rig

Power-2-Chemicals Developing an electrosynthesis technology platform for: TNO labs Eindhoven Common tools & know-how • selective oxidation of biobased feedstock to chemical intermediates for plastics (showcases: FDCA & LA).

• direct conversion of CO2 to commodity chemicals & fuels (showcases: syngas & formic acid).

Catalyst development lab Catalyst synthesis Business case assessment Energy market analysis equipment tools tools

Part I – VoltaChem program – page 10 Part I – VoltaChem program – page 11 Part II Example projects 2019

During the past year various VoltaChem projects were carried out delivering great insights. A selection can be found in this booklet.

Power-2-Integrate • Pilot & demo field labs • Power-2-Fuels innovation roadmap • International energy carriers system model • Trilateral infrastructure synergy potential • Critical raw materials for green hydrogen production

Power-2-Heat • Electric cracking • Industrial hybrid energy systems

Power-2-Hydrogen • High-temperature Solid Oxide Electrolysis • High-volume production of water • Electrolysis technology • NextGenHydrogen PEMWE • Hydrohub MegaWatt Test Center

Power-2-Chemicals

• Electrochemical DME and Formic Acid production from CO2 • Paired electrosynthesis of maleic, valeric and adipic acid

• Paired electrochemical CO2 conversion and Chlorine production

• Capture integrated electrochemical CO2 conversion

Part II – VoltaChem Projects – page 12 Part II – VoltaChem Projects – page 13 Application areas: Program lines: Fuels Fertiliers Plastics

LT Power-2-Heat HT

Power-2-Hydrogen

Power-2-Integrate Pilot & demo field labs Power-2-Chemicals

Power-2-Integrate

Industrial electrification plays a vital role in reducing CO2 emissions. Adoption of electrification Context from renewable sources can be accelerated when the broader ecosystem, investment drivers, To accelerate the implementation of Power-to-X processes, a Core project partners cost-effective and efficient means for scaling up and testing FLIE: FME, Deltalinqs, Innovation Quarter, Port of and barriers are better understood (in terms of energy, feedstock, and product; spatial new technologies is greatly needed. Validation and integration Rotterdam, TNO, Provincie Zuid-Holland, Rotterdam planning and business impact). Power-2-Integrate connects stakeholders from different of technologies at an industrially relevant scale in a practical Brightsite: Sitech, Maastricht University, Brightlands, environment allows for development to continue towards TNO, Provincie Limburg sectors to work together to accelerate development and adoption. This allows them to take commercialization while verifying business cases and objective fact-based (investment) decisions to speed-up adoption of Power-2-X technologies. gathering input from various stakeholders. This is why we have Milestones decided to develop two field labs for industrial electrification: • Q3 2019: Start Brightsite One in Rotterdam and one at Brightlands-Chemelot. • Q2 2020: Start Field lab Rotterdam We focus on: Objective Contact persons • Technology scouting & developing economic, life-cycle & system models to better Field lab industrial electrification Rotterdam: The focus of this Martijn de Graaff understand electrification opportunities for businesses and governments. field lab is on the application of electrification in heat, hydrogen, Monique Rijkers and CCU in the Rotterdam cluster for predominantly the fuels • Conceptual designs of integrated value chains: and chemicals value chains. Based on last year’s market scan – (Regional) system analysis. and concept development, the strategy and design of the field lab was detailed and first projects were started. – Market scenarios. – Business case scenarios. Brightsite Geleen: The focus of program line 1 of Brightsite is on the integration of electrification technologies in the • Development of new ecosystems by means of joint piloting & demo facilities. Chemelot industrial cluster. The objectives for 2019 were to make first steps in electric cracking, molten metal, and plasma decarbonization technology.

Deliverables • Start-up and first projects in field lab Rotterdam. • Scouting work on electric cracking, molten metal and plasma decarbonization in Brightsite.

Call for participation for next phase • Regional partners interested in business case studies and first pilot projects.

Part II – VoltaChem Projects – page 14 Part II – VoltaChem Projects – page 15 Application areas: Application areas: Program lines: Fuels Fertiliers Plastics Program lines: Fuels Fertiliers Plastics

LT LT Power-2-Heat Power-2-Heat HT HT

Power-2-Hydrogen Power-2-Hydrogen

Power-2-Fuels innovation roadmap Power-2-Chemicals International energy carriers system model Power-2-Chemicals

Power-2-Integrate Power-2-Integrate

Context Context Synfuels have been identified as potential solution for more Core project partners The success of different options for electrification depends for Core project partners sustainable transport (road, air, water). However, many things Smart Port, Deltalinqs, TNO, TKI Dinalog a great deal on the financial business case. It is paramount to VoltaChem community, TNO around these fuels are still unclear. As such there is a need for understand how different options influence costs and benefits, more clarity about the innovation process of e-fuels and what Milestones not only in the long run but also during a transition period. Milestones is needed to shape such innovations. • Q4 2019: Open stakeholder session Insufficient insight into the financials will lead to bad decisions • Q2 2019: Model v0.1 • Q1 2020: White paper ready and unnecessary costs, both for individual players and for • Q4 2019: Stakeholder consultation Objective society as a whole. Understanding the mechanisms of the To enable market parties, knowledge institutes and Contact persons global market for electrification (from producers' supplies to Contact persons governments to take informed decisions about innovation Martijn de Graaff consumers' demands) ensures that industry and society are Martijn de Graaff strategies and/or investments around e-fuels. Monique Rijkers able to take well-informed decisions and minimize risks. Monique Rijkers

Deliverables Objective • Comparison of applicability of Power-2-X fuels in various Estimated fuel costs for road transport EUR • Development and application of electrification and CCUS logistic concepts and necessary technological applications. models and scenarios for making strategic decisions in • Description of (future) value chain and opportunities for new industry, energy, and infrastructure. 60 value cases. • In 2018 a first version of a top-down system model was • Analysis of requirements for large-scale application of 50 developed, based on high-level electrification scenarios, in Three options: Electricity, via DC H2, via pipeline or ship Synfuel, via ship Power-2-X fuels and adoption roadmap on how to get there. combination with a business case calculation tool for novel Energy carrier 40 Energy source Transportation Consumption as • Description of the (technological and non-technological) technology developments. These models were further transportation) innovation process and steps to be taken in the near future. 30 improved in 2019. • A stakeholder consultation was held to receive feedback Call for participation 20 on the model and areas for further improvement.

• Involvement in the next phase of the Power-2-Fuels analysis Solar Wind Electricity H Synfuel Ship Pipeline AC/DC Electricity H Synfuel 10 2 2 project. Deliverables • Industrial and technology partners willing to participate in 0 • Improved international energy carriers system model to be the development of first technological pilot projects. diesel H2 30 bar SNG methanol NH3 used for an initial comparison of a specific scenario. • Basic documentation with assumptions. Production costs (EUR/GJ) Distributiuon costs (EUR/GJ) Call for participation • Involvement in the next-phase detailing of the model and extension to chemical commodities.

Part II – VoltaChem Projects – page 16 Part II – VoltaChem Projects – page 17 Application areas: Application areas: Program lines: Fuels Fertiliers Plastics Program lines: Fuels Fertiliers Plastics

LT LT Power-2-Heat Power-2-Heat HT HT

Power-2-Hydrogen Power-2-Hydrogen

Trilateral infrastructure synergy potential Power-2-Chemicals Critical raw materials for green Power-2-Chemicals Power-2-Integrate hydrogen production Power-2-Integrate Context As it is unclear what opportunities exist for using existing Core project partners infrastructure during the energy transition, different Dechema, DVGW-EBI, EnergyVille, TNO Context stakeholder groups are struggling in decision making Currently most of the research in material flows and energy Core project partners processes for investment. In order to stimulate and accelerate Milestones transition focuses on energy generation, transmission, and VoltaChem community, TNO

the transition to a CO2 neutral industry, identification of • Q4 2019: High-level assessment finalized storage only. Given that electrification of the industry is a synergies for the existing infrastructure, as well as barriers • Q1 2020: Industry review relatively new topic, there is limited research available that Milestones preventing its cross-sector/cross-border use need to be • Q2 2020: High-level report and follow up activities would combine this field with the material flows thinking and • Q4 2019: Delivery final report identified. available economic implications for regions and industrial clusters. Contact persons Objective Contact persons Objective Martijn de Graaff Our aim is to gain insight into the opportunities and barriers Martijn de Graaff Support industrial clusters in the transition to defossilized Monique Rijkers for industrial cross-sector/cross-border infrastructure using Monique Rijkers processes by means of high-level (economic) assessment of synergies in supply/transport of energy/feedstock during the material implications of industry electrification in the

energy transition of industry towards CO2 neutrality. This Netherlands. insight is to be gained in the ARRRA cluster and will lay the The transition to electrochemical processes means that there foundation for future research on energy and feedstock are new materials and feedstocks required in large quantities infrastructure in the trilateral region –targeting different in different parts in the world. It is important to develop specific stakeholder groups. understanding how the transition would affect the markets of various materials and change the dynamics and (regional) Deliverables economies. In this quick-scan, we make a business case • High-level mapping of transport options for energy and assessment for a Dutch industrial cluster. feedstock from changing sources 2020-2030-2050. • Stakeholder map articulating key questions stakeholders Deliverables

may have during the energy transition. • An overview of scarce raw materials for selected H2 technologies, volume scenarios, and key stakeholders Call for participation who could play a role reducing the impact of this scarcity. • Industrial infrastructure companies are invited to participate in the next phase of the project. Call for participation • Industrial companies or equipment suppliers are invited to discuss the next phase of the project.

Part II – VoltaChem Projects – page 18 Part II – VoltaChem Projects – page 19 Power-2-Heat Power-2-Heat Technology Roadmap Short term (2017 - 2022) Medium term (2022 - 2030) Long term (2030 - 2050) In the Power-2-Heat program line we work on the use of electricity to generate or upgrade heat and steam for efficient use in chemical processes. The main challenges that are addressed Electrical heat pumps Electrical heat pumps Electrical heat pumps are optimization between efficiency and costs, flexibility (e.g. load following, start-up/ • Commercial introduction of • Commercialization of TA heat pump • Established industry focused on shutdown), integration, and increasing the operating temperature compared to existing compression heat pump technology • Commercialization of compression equipment manufacturing and < 120°C in chemical industry heat pump technology < 150°C integration in industrial processes systems. • Field testing completed of • Development of heat pump thermoacoustic heat pump integrated industrial processes technology < 200°C • Development of economic feasible We focus on: • Field testing completed of steam compression technology for • Use of renewable electricity as source to upgrade heat and steam, e.g. electricity from wind, compression heat pump vacuum steam (< 1 bar) and technology < 150°C < 3 MW solar, and hydro. • High temperature compression heat pumps. • Combination with heat and cold storage. Heat & cold storage Heat & cold storage Heat & cold storage • Alternative concepts for heat generation & upgrading, e.g. electrical heating, electric • Bench-scale testing completed of a • Commercialization industrial • Established industry focused on flexible CHP with integrated heat flexible heat/cold storage equipment manufacturing and cracking, steam compression & multifunctional heat pumps. storage on high temperatures. • Commercialization flexible CHP integration in industrial processes Demonstrated economic feasibility with integrated heat storage • Bench scale testing completed of • Heat storage as enabling an industrial flexible heat/cold technology for heat pumps storage

Direct heating Direct heating Direct heating • Demonstration of multiple direct • Commercialization multiple small • Commercialization alternative electrical heating applications in scale direct heating applications in direct heating technology for industry industry naphta cracking • PoP alternative direct heating • Demonstration alternative direct technologies for industry heating technology for naphta cracking

Part II – VoltaChem Projects – page 20 Part II – VoltaChem Projects – page 21 Application areas: Application areas: Program lines: Fuels Fertiliers Plastics Program lines: Fuels Fertiliers Plastics

LT LT Power-2-Heat Power-2-Heat HT HT

Power-2-Hydrogen Power-2-Hydrogen

Electric cracking Power-2-Chemicals Industrial hybrid energy systems Power-2-Chemicals

Power-2-Integrate Power-2-Integrate

Context Context Electrification of ethylene production has a huge potential Core project partners The demand for high-temperature heat in industrial processes Core project partners

for reducing CO2 emissions and increasing product value. Brightsite, TNO accounts for 25% of our national primary energy demand and Sime Darby Unimills, E.J.Bos, Huikeshoven, Scholt, Electric cracking is an important option to make the ethylene 95% is provided by fossil resources. Hybrid (gas-electric) Croonwolter&Dols, Sympower, Alliander, eRisk Group, production more sustainable and has become a prominent Milestones industrial heating systems offer a large potential to provide for MVO, Emmtec, TNO, RVO topic in the trilateral ARRRA cooperation between the major • Q4 2019: Bench-scale electric cracking test results the growing demand for flexibility in the electricity system. industrial regions in the Netherlands, Belgium, and Germany. • Q4 2019: R&D roadmap electric cracking Contact persons Objective Yvonne van Delft Objective Contact persons The project has several objectives. The first is unlocking the Soledad van Eijk Within the project, the economic and technical potential of Yvonne van Delft Demand Response (DR) potential in industry to support the electric cracking and the relevancy for the industry are Martijn de Graaff growth of variable renewable electricity. Secondly, it is investigated. An important aspect taken into account is the important to maximize the techno-economic feasibility of possibility for retrofitting existing installations, to be able to flexible hybrid (gas-electric) heating systems in an industrial use the existing infrastructure as efficiently as possible during setting. its depreciation period. An R&D plan for further development of electric cracking is developed with an overview of the Deliverables needed tools and test infrastructure to demonstrate the • A calculation tool for flexibility that optimizes the value of technology on the desired scale. DR and gives support to investment decisions. • A pilot project in industry that serves as example for other Deliverables potential applications. • First idea of the needed Capex investments and reachable • Testing and optimization of a flexible hybrid utility in

benefits on CO2-emission, energy costs, and product representative industrial conditions. specifications. • Validated business case for flexibility and electrification of • First experimental results of lab scale high temperature industrial heating processes. electric cracking experiments. • Implications on business case and research trajectory for Call for participation for next phase electric cracking. • Industrial end users interested to demonstrate a hybrid heating system on site. Call for participation for next phase • OEMs and end users to explore business cases for flexible • OEMs and industrial end users interested in further heat pump applications. development of electric cracking based on resistance heating.

Part II – VoltaChem Projects – page 22 Part II – VoltaChem Projects – page 23 Power-2-Hydrogen Power-2-Hydrogen Technology Roadmap Short term (2017 - 2022) Medium term (2022 - 2030) Long term (2030 - 2050) In the Power-2-Hydrogen program line we work on technology to produce green hydrogen from renewable energy and on further chemical conversion towards valuable chemicals (e.g. Electrolyzer concepts Electrolyzer concepts Electrolyzer concepts methanol, ammonia, formic acid). The main challenges that are addressed in this program line • Design of low-cost electrolyzer • Commercialization low-cost • Established industry focused on are the development of low-cost electrolyzers, low-cost manufacturing and engineering, available; new components tested electrolyzers. electrolyzer component at bench-scale (TRL4) • Improvement of existing manufacturing and system flexibility (e.g. load following, start-up/shutdown), and the development of financially • Expand the application of existing electrolytes by advanced implementation knowledge into fields like new fabrication technologies • Electrolyzer plant based on attractive follow-up chemical conversions. • Replacing scarce materials by more electrolyzer concepts advanced fabrication technologies abundant ones in the electrolyzer • World-class facilities for life-time • Pilot plant demonstration new • Commercialized new electrolyzer We focus on: testing and stack evaluation electrolyzer concept concepts available and used to provide • Reduce the capital cost of • Reduce the capital cost of • Use of renewable electricity as energy source for direct chemical transformations via services to third parties electrolyzers to < 500 €/kWe electrolyzers to < 300 €/kWe hydrogen, e.g. electricity from wind, solar, and hydro.

• Use of renewable raw materials (e.g. water, N2 & CO2) as feedstock for chemical & fuels production. Downstream conversion with CO2 Downstream conversion with CO2 Downstream conversion with CO2 • One pilot completed for the • Commercialization of • Commercialization of centralized • Improving the supply chain through cooperation with component manufacturers. production of chemicals/fuels decentralized chemicals/fuels plants including integration with • New concepts enabling use of mass fabrication technologies (e.g. roll-to-roll manufacturing). (TRL6) production (DME, methanol or current assets • Develop cost-efficient alternative CH4) • Identifying options for demonstration projects for and with the chemical industry. concepts for hydrogen based feedstocks

Conversion to ammonia Conversion to ammonia Conversion to ammonia

• PoP new catalytic NH3 proces • Pilot improved indirect NH3 process • Commercialization improved

• Demonstration SoA technology • Commercialization of centralized indirect NH3 process

(10MWe) plants including integration with • NH3 produced for 200 €/ton • Commercialization of current assets

decentralized plants • NH3 produced for 300 €/ton

• NH3 produced for 450 €/ton

Part II – VoltaChem Projects – page 24 Part II – VoltaChem Projects – page 25 Application areas: Application areas: Program lines: Fuels Fertiliers Plastics Program lines: Fuels Fertiliers Plastics

LT LT Power-2-Heat Power-2-Heat HT HT

Power-2-Hydrogen Power-2-Hydrogen

High-temperature Solid Oxide Electrolysis Power-2-Chemicals High-volume production of Water Power-2-Chemicals Power-2-Integrate Electrolysis technology Power-2-Integrate Context Solid Oxid Electrolysis (SOE) is a technology having a large Core project partners potential to accelerate industrial electrification. The TNO Context technology is mainly seen as a technology to produce green It is generally believed that green hydrogen will play a large, if Core project partners hydrogen for the industry, because of its high efficiency and Milestones not central, role in the RES based energy systems of the near VoltaChem community, FME, TNO the potential for heat integration with industrial processes for • Q3 2019: SOE cell with 10x10 cm produced in Faraday future. Water Electrolyzers (WE) will be key assets in such the production of bulk chemicals such as ammonia and Lab systems. However, the suitable technologies are currently only Milestones methanol. Alternatively, it can be employed for co-electrolysis • 2020: Small- and large-scale SOE test facility installed available at kW-scale (PEM) or as small pilots (SOE, AEM). A • 2019: innovation plan for electrolyzer industrialization

of water and CO2 to syngas, which is very useful for CO2 supply chain is barely present and only a hand full of • 2020: development of supply chain and first R&D utilization. Contact persons companies is able to produce plants on relevant scale. Lennart van der Burg Production of the hardware is mainly done ‘manually’ and at a Contact persons Objective Yvonne van Delft cost level that is economically unviable. Therefore, Lennart van der Burg The main development objectives for SOE are lifetime industrialization might bring large cost reductions on capex Yvonne van Delft extension, cost reduction, and scaling up of the cells. The level and increase implementation potential drastically. translation towards higher outputs (> 1 MW) is a crucial development process to apply the SOE technology on a large Objective industrial scale. The manufacturing of SOE single cells with Expertise on technologies (on components, systems, and planar dimensions > 20 x 20 cm2 and higher active surfaces manufacturing) lies currently fragmented across organizations based on more complex cell design is a necessary step towards as there is no need (yet) for an integrated chain of producers, MW-scale SOE systems. suppliers, developers etc. Therefore we have joined forces with amongst others individual companies, FME, and public Deliverables bodies to speed up the development of the supply chain in • Fabrication of multi-layer ceramic cells, in which innovation North West Europe. is mainly in the field of quality control and characterization of green and sintered cells. Call for participation • Performance characterization, including impedance • Developers and suppliers of materials, suppliers of spectroscopy to monitor the progress of the aging processes. components, and suppliers of manufacturing technologies

Call for participation • (New) material or component suppliers and system integrators who are or want to become active in field of SOE. • Industrial end users who are interested in piloting and demonstration projects focused on site integration.

Part II – VoltaChem Projects – page 26 Part II – VoltaChem Projects – page 27 Application areas: Application areas: Program lines: Fuels Fertiliers Plastics Program lines: Fuels Fertiliers Plastics

LT LT Power-2-Heat Power-2-Heat HT HT

Power-2-Hydrogen Power-2-Hydrogen

NextGenHydrogen PEMWE Power-2-Chemicals Hydrohub MegaWatt Test Center Power-2-Chemicals

Power-2-Integrate Power-2-Integrate

Context Context As a result of prior R&D, a 50 kW prototype PEM water Core project partners A large consortium of partners is building a MW-scale Core project partners electrolyzer system has been installed at the new Faraday Lab Frames, Hydron Energy, TNO, RVO elektrolyzer test center located in the north of the Nouryon, Gasunie, Yara, Shell, Frames, Groningen in Petten for applied research into the electrochemistry of Netherlands. It involves an open center, where (in addition to Seaports, ISPT, TNO, Hanze Hogeschool, University of hydrogen production with PEM technology. Milestones the partners of the consortium) other knowledge institutes Groningen, Provincie Groningen, RVO • Q2 2019: Commision 50 KW system and companies can research and test innovations from their Objective • Q3 2019: First 1.000 hours of operation own labs using electrolysis installations with a capacity of half Timeline The 50 KW PEMWE system is thoroughly tested and a megawatt. Research on this scale makes it clear if new • 2019: design and construction optimized. A major goal is enhancing the performance of key Contact persons problems will arise and how the technology will behave when • 2020: Opening components such as membranes, electrodes and seals, thus Lennart van der Burg scaled up. prolonging the lifetime of the electrolyzer stack. Furthermore, Yvonne van Delft Contact persons the focus will be on scale up to large capacities and further Objective Lennart van der Burg reducing the cost of PEMWE technology: a factor 2-5 is The partners are researching the development of Alkaline and Yvonne van Delft necessary to offer a competitive alternative to fossil-based Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) electrolysis technology. hydrogen production. These are the two technologies that are currently available commercially, but both still need to be significantly reduced in Deliverables terms of cost in order to be applied on a large scale. Stacks of • State-of-the-art 50 KW PEMWE system with >1.000h of electrolysis cells are installed in both types. For the stacks testing. installed in the Hydrohub, it’s important that the size of the • A conceptual design for 1 MW hydrogen production system. cells is representative of the size of the current commercial • Strategies and solutions for cost reductions for the PEMWE systems. Through an understanding of the scalability of the stack and Balance of plant. electrolysis process, it will soon be possible to apply the results obtained with smaller cells in the lab to the performance of Call for participation large systems. This is an important step in accelerating the • New material or component suppliers and system implementation of innovations from the lab in commercial integrators who want to further develop their solution and systems. do “joint prototyping”. • OEMers of electrolyzer stack who want to further improve Call for participation their design and get access to a larger supply chain. • New material or component suppliers and system integrators can test and optimize their solution in an industrial size PEM and Alkaline stack. • Industrial end users can get experience in optimal operation of a large-scale electrolyzer.

Part II – VoltaChem Projects – page 28 Part II – VoltaChem Projects – page 29 Power-2-Chemicals Power-2-Chemicals Technology Roadmap

In the Power-2-Chemicals program line we work on the direct electrosynthesis of chemical Short term (2017 - 2022) Medium term (2022 - 2030) Long term (2030 - 2050) building blocks and higher value products using conventional and sustainable feedstock (e.g.

CO2, biomass-derived). The main challenges that are addressed are the development of Bio-based feedstocks Bio-based feedstocks Bio-based feedstocks electrochemical routes, reducing capital costs for electrochemical cells, increasing energy • Expand toolbox with c-c coupling, • Commercialization of FDCA and • Established industry in the electro-oxidation, and electro- lactic acid production Netherlands focused on density and selectivity, choosing & using catalysts, and downstream processing. amination • Pilot plant demonstration for electrochemical engineering and • Pilot demonstration of FDCA and paired electro-synthesis system implementation lactic acid production • Development of new chemistries • Commercialization of paired We focus on: • Electrochemical test street from and reactor concepts electro-synthesis processes • Electro-organic synthesis using electro-oxidation and electro-reduction as means to fundamentals up to pilot • System design for integration with demonstration bio-refinery plants efficiently convert renewable feedstock (e.g. bio-based furfural, HMF, alcohols) to key • Paired electro-synthesis proof of chemical building blocks. concepts

• Electro-reduction of CO2 to C1 building blocks, focusing on Formic Acid, CO, and Ethylene as key products. CO2 conversion CO2 conversion CO2 conversion • Paired electrosynthesis in which product is produced at both cathode and anode of the • Catalyst screening and selection • Pilot plant demonstration (CO, FA) • Commercialization of electrochemical cell. • System evaluation • IntegratedCO2 capture pilot for decentralized plants • Evaluation of integration of CO2 electrochemical CO, FA, OA • Commercialization of centralized • Alternatives for electrochemistry in conversion with electricity as energy source, e.g. capture with electrochemical production plants including integration with photochemistry and plasma-chemistry. conversion • Concept development for paired current assets • CO hydrocarbons, Formic acid, electro-synthesis system • CO produced for 400 €/ton oxalic acid • 2nd generation co-electrolysis lab • Current density target demonstration • CO produced for 500 €/ton

Ammonia Ammonia Ammonia • Route identification and scouting • Proof of principle • Demonstration

Part II – VoltaChem Projects – page 30 Part II – VoltaChem Projects – page 31 Application areas: Application areas: Program lines: Fuels Fertiliers Plastics Program lines: Fuels Fertiliers Plastics

LT LT Power-2-Heat Power-2-Heat HT HT

Power-2-Hydrogen Power-2-Hydrogen

Electrochemical DME and Formic Acid Power-2-Chemicals Paired electrosynthesis of maleic, valeric Power-2-Chemicals

Power-2-Integrate Power-2-Integrate production from CO2 and adipic acid

Context Context Partners from the 2 Seas region joined forces from 1 July 2018 Core project partners Process industries in the EU have the opportunity to in the interregional project "Electrons to high-value chemical VITO, Delft University of Technology, University of strengthen and expand their competitive position by moving to Core project partners products: E2C". The cross-border project focuses on the Exeter, University of Sheffield, University of Lille, electrochemical processes based on biobased feedstocks. They VITO, INSTM, University of Hohenheim, HYSYTECH,

conversion of CO2 into chemicals and fuels, using renewable University of Antwerp, TNO, Industrial observer partner can therefore have low carbon footprints together with the Avantium, Radici Chimica, Perstorp, AVA Biochem, electricity. The aim of this new consortium - consisting of 7 network, INTERREG 2-Seas, Provincie Noord-Holland, advantages over the thermochemical processes. Such Novamont, Sustainable Innovations, TNO, EC research partners and 32 industrial observers from the Provincie Zuid-Holland, SmartPort, Ministry of Economic advantages include higher selectivity and elimination of the Netherlands, Belgium, France, and England - is to accelerate Affairs and Climate Policy harsh operating conditions required for conventional Milestones the development and implementation of this Power-2-X and processing. The H2020 project PERFORM has been granted • 2020: Single cell electrochemical reactors constructed

CO2 conversion technology. This project has been granted by Milestones by the EU and started in 2019. • 2021: Integral bench scale system developed and tested the Interreg 2-Seas Program and will run for 3.5 years. • Q3 2020: Electrochemical bench-scale installation and • 2022: Perform pilot platform commissioned and tested novel components testing station Objective Objective • Q2 2021: Commissioning of Power-2-FA pilot and The construction of a highly flexible pilot plant incorporating Contact persons Stimulate and support companies, especially SMEs, to further Power-2-DME pilot installations advanced integrated electrochemical technologies which allow Reinier Grimbergen invest in the development and implementation of innovative • Q4 2021: Research results from pilots for, among others, the valorization of biomass and efficient use Erwin Giling Power-to-X technologies. By doing so, accelerate the transfer of fluctuating electricity supplies in the production of of innovation to the market while focusing R&D on one of the Contact persons performance materials. Two showcase processes will major societal challenges facing the 2 Seas region today. Willem Frens demonstrate how electrochemistry will lead to a highly Erwin Giling improved position of European chemicals companies through Deliverables increased process selectivity, low carbon footprints, and • The main deliverable will be the establishment of a European decreased overall costs. Centre of Excellence for the development of Power-to-X technologies, which currently does not exist in the EU. Deliverables • Two pilots will be realized for the Centre, demonstrating • Advanced electrochemistry materials, electrodes,

technology for the conversion of CO2 to chemicals using electrolytes, and reactors. green electricity. • Advanced processes and system integration. • TRL6 pilot with two showcases. Call for participation • Industrial companies and equipment suppliers are invited to Call for participation join the observer partner group. • The project is closed but interested industrial or equipment parties can reach out to get connected.

Part II – VoltaChem Projects – page 32 Part II – VoltaChem Projects – page 33 Application areas: Application areas: Program lines: Fuels Fertiliers Plastics Program lines: Fuels Fertiliers Plastics

LT LT Power-2-Heat Power-2-Heat HT HT

Power-2-Hydrogen Power-2-Hydrogen Paired electrochemical CO2 conversion Power-2-Chemicals Capture integrated electrochemical Power-2-Chemicals Power-2-Integrate Power-2-Integrate and Chlorine production CO2 conversion

Context Context

Electrochemistry is a powerful method of synthesizing organic Core project partners Integrating CO2 capture and electrochemical conversion will Core project partners

products, and is ideal for decentralized plants. However, in Avantium, University of Amsterdam, TNO, RVO lead to a system that both reduces CO2 emissions and VoltaChem community, TNO most cases, the chemistry that occurs at the counter electrode produces valuable products. Our focus in the proposed yields a waste product, which holds little economic. To Milestones technology development program is on further system Milestones overcome this issue, we are developing the concept of paired • Q2 2020: Design and optimization individual and paired integration and scale-up towards industrially and • Q4 2021: Optimized reactor design for efficient electrolysis, where useful products are produced at both routes commercially relevant conditions. Our approach is to start capture-conversion electrodes without consuming more electricity. The paired • Q3 2020: Electrochemical reactor design with the development towards formic acid production and • Q4 2023: Demonstration of continuous operation

CO-Chlorine electrosynthesis concept involves the • Q4 2020: Conceptual process design and economics then expand to other molecules such as CO, ethylene, oxalic electrolysis in CO2 capture solvent

electrooxidation of HCl together with the electro-reduction of acid, etc. • Q3 2023: Design and build integrated CO2 capture and

CO2, giving rise to valuable chemicals in a highly efficient Contact persons electrolysis pilot plant manner from essentially waste materials. Willem Frens Objective Erwin Giling In this program we intend to set up a cooperation with Contact persons Objective technology developers/licensors and the industry that have a Willem Frens The goal of the e-Couch project is to develop a continuous electricity large CO footprint and who would like to mitigate these Erwin Giling 2 electrochemical process (paired electrolysis) using waste emissions in a sustainable and cost-effective way. Our goal is

materials (CO2 and HCl) to produce two valuable chemical to have the technology commercially available to be deployed products simultaneously by combining two large at small scale in the industry in 2030 and at large scale in 2050. electrochemical processes: CO2 reduction to CO and chlorine production from HCl in one electrochemical reactor. This Deliverables process will be demonstrated up to TRL4. • Development of shared research consortium. • Scouting of electrolytes and electrode/electrolyte Deliverables combinations.

• An operational continuous bench-scale electrochemical flow • Demonstration of a continuous CO2 capture in envisioned reactor for coproduction of CO and Cl2 including economic electrolyte.

assessment and business case. • Pilot testing of integrated CO2 capture and conversion. Call for participation Call for participation

• Interested industrial companies are welcome to participate • Industrial and equipment companies are invited to in the development as end-user. participate in this open program as co-developer or potential E-COUCH end-user of the technology.

Part II – VoltaChem Projects – page 34 Part II – VoltaChem Projects – page 35 Collaboration models Our current members and partners

1 Business community membership Community members Exclusive discussion group, roadmap updates, high-level results, and (inter)national events.

2 Multi-annual shared R&D program Pre-competitive R&D within a collaborative program with a duration of 2-4 years. Participants get rights to the results and determine the scope of the program along the way.

3 Co-funded R&D project Pre-competitive linear development; small projects with predefined scope/time/budget. Participants get certain rights to the results and scope is determined upfront.

4 Bilateral project (consultancy, contract R&D) Exclusive bilateral consultancy or contract R&D project with pre-defined scope/time/ Collaboration partners budget. Alliander, Aramco Overseas, Arcelor-Mittal, Arcelormittal Atlantique et Lorraine, AVA Biochem, Avantium, AVR, BP, Brightlands, Brightsite, Catalisti, Chemcom, Coval Energy, Covestro, Croonwolter&Dols, Dechema, Deltalinqs, DIFFER, DMT Technologies, Dow, 5 Subsidized research collaboration DVGW, E.J. Bos, ECCM, EICB, Emmtec, ENERGIE 2020, EnergyVille, Engie, Engie LaborElec, Enviu, eRisk Group, European Commission, Evonik, FME, Frames, G.I. Dynamics, Gasunie, Gensoric, Groningen Seaports, Groningen University, Hanze Hogeschool, VoltaChem participates in publicly funded consortium projects (e.g. RVO, EU) and Havenbedrijf Rotterdam, Havenbedrijf Rotterdam, Holland Chemistry, Hydrogenics, Hydron Energy, Hysytech, InnovationQuarter, fundamental research programs (e.g. NWO). The funding rules of the specific programs INSTM, Interreg 2-Seas, ISPT, Johnson Matthey, Maastricht University, Magneto, Mestverwerking Friesland, Ministry of Economic Affairs and Climate Policy, MKC, MVO, NLR, Nouryon, Novamont, Nuon, OCI, Perstorp, Pitpoint, Port of Amsterdam, Port of determine the rights to the results and scope is determined up-front by partners together. Antwerp, Port of Rotterdam, Provincie Groningen, Provincie Limburg, Provincie Noord-Holland, Provincie Zuid-Holland, PV3 Technologies, Rabobank, Radici Chimica, Regen SW, RVO, Sasol, Scholt, Shell, Siemens, Sime Darby Unimills, Sitech, SkyNRG, SmartPort, Solvay, Spliethoff, Stedin, Suez, Sunfire, Sustainable innovations, Sympower, TATA, Thyssenkrupp, TKI Chemie, TKI Dinalog, TKI Energy and Industry, Total, Tronox, TU Delft, Twence, Uniper, University of Amsterdam, University of Antwerp, University of Exeter, University of Hohenheim, University of Lille, University of Sheffield, University of Twente, USG, VEMW, Vertech group, VITO, VIV, VNCI, Vopak, Wageningen Research, WaterstofNet, Westerman Logistics, Wuppertal institute, Yara.

Part II – VoltaChem Projects – page 36 Part II – VoltaChem Projects – page 37 Join our VoltaChem Program

Do you want to find out more about Shared Innovation Program VoltaChem and how your company can participate and benefit? Please contact us!

Martijn de Graaff Robert de Kler Monique Rijkers Business Manager VoltaChem Technical lead Program Manager +31 6 222 608 71 Power-2-Integrate Power-2-Integrate [email protected] +31 6 543 980 02 +31 6 233 465 16 [email protected] [email protected]

Willem Frens Soledad van Eijk Robert de Boer Business Development Business Development Technical lead Power-2-Chemicals Power-2-Heat Power-2-Heat Commodities +31 6 300 632 26 +31 6 500 095 72 +31 6 483 532 63 [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

Lennart van der Burg Arend de Groot Yvonne van Delft Business Development Technical lead Program Manager Power-2-Hydrogen Power-2-Hydrogen Power-2-Heat/-Hydrogen +31 6 439 546 85 +31 6 513 720 10 +31 6 124 105 83 [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

Reinier Grimbergen Earl Goetheer Erwin Giling Business Development Technical lead Program Manager Power-2-Chemicals Power-2-Chemicals Power-2-Chemicals Specialities +31 6 230 270 59 +31 88 866 64 74 +31 6 271 438 18 [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

Part II – VoltaChem Projects – page 38 Part II – VoltaChem Projects – page 39 Join our Shared Innovation Program www.voltachem.com