La Fine Del Ceto Politico Di Autonomia Operaia (1983)

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La Fine Del Ceto Politico Di Autonomia Operaia (1983) Quaderni Marxisti La fine del ceto politico di Autonomia Operaia Organizzata Contro il documento dei 51 di Rebibbia VERSIONE DIGITALE N. 1 Nuclei Leninisti Internazionalisti Centro di Iniziativa Marxista Napoli, febbraio 1983 (ristampa novembre 2011) Indice sommario [Introduzione alla ristampa del 2011. Perché non sono picista] …...……………………………………………………………. I Contro il documento dei 51 di Rebibbia Cap. 1 - Le insidie del «Manifesto di Rebibbia» e l’altissimo prezzo per la «libertà» di alcuni ………………………………...1 Cap. 2 - Risposte insufficienti o sostanziali accomodamenti …………………………………………………………………...10 Cap. 3 - Contro la «teoria della sconfitta». Il Sessantotto e il Settantasette non furono rivoluzioni mancate ………………….19 Cap. 4 - Riorganizzare su basi nuove l’iniziativa rivoluzionaria contro la repressione ...………………………………………30 § 4.1. La politica repressiva …………………………………………………………………………………………….30 § 4.2. La politica repressiva in Italia …………………………………………………………………………………...31 § 4.3. La risposta comunista alla repressione …………………………………………………………………………..35 § 4.4. [Conclusioni] …………………………………………………………………………………………………….36 Appendici. La fine del ceto politico di Autonomia Operaia Organizzata App. 1. Una bancarotta inesorabile. Da Tronti a Negri e ritorno. Il «marxismo» soggettivista è riformismo . ….……………41 § 1.1. [Il postulato fondamentale dell’operaismo teorico] ……………………………………………………………41 § 1.2. [L’operaismo come riformismo camuffato] ……………………………………………………………………46 § 1.3. [Da Mario Tronti a Toni Negri] ………………………………………………………………………………..50 § 1.4. [La composizione di classe in Negri] …………………………………………………………………………..52 § 1.5. [L’estinzione della legge del valore] .…………………………………………………………………………..55 § 1.6. [Crisi e rivoluzione] ……………………………………………………………………………………………57 § 1.7. [La «nuova» teoria dell’imperialismo] …………………………………………………………………………59 § 1.8. [La teoria dello Stato in Negri] …………………………………………………………………………………61 xxxxxxx§ 1.9. [La teoria della rivoluzione in Negri] …………………………………………………………………………..63 xxxxxxx§ 1.10. [Il ritorno a Tronti. La fine del ceto politico di Autonomia Operaia Organizzata] …………………………….68 App. 2. Il documento degli autonomi di dissociazione dalla rivolta di Trani (13 gennaio 1981) ………………………….. ....73 App. 3. TONI NEGRI, [Lettera a Domenico Sica]. Ora basta, compagni! [Estratto da: «Panorama», 30 marzo 1981] ..……….75 App. 4. TONI NEGRI, Terrorismus? Nein, danke! [Estratto da: «il manifesto», 22 marzo 1981] ..……………………………..79 § 4.0. [Premessa] ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….79 § 4.1. Perché rivendico la dissociazione ……………………………………………………………………………….80 § 4.2. Distruggere l’immagine della dissociazione …………………………………………………………………….80 § 4.3. L’isolamento carcerario della lotta sul carcere ..…………….…………………………………………………..81 § 4.4. Ricostruire le condizioni della lotta politica …………………………………………………………………….82 § 4.5. Chi può sconfiggere il terrorismo ……………………………………………………………………………….83 § 4.6. Un terreno di speranza comunista ………………………………………………………………………………84 App. 5. Caro Toni… [Alt, è ora di finirla! Risposta a Toni Negri di Autonomia Operaia Organizzata] [Estratto da: «Autonomia. Settimanale politico comunista», a. IV, n. 25, ottobre 1981] ….……………………………………….85 App. 6. TONI NEGRI, [Lettera aperta]. Ai compagni di «Autonomia» [Estratto da: «Il Mattino di Padova», 22 ottobre 1981] ..87 App. 7. [Il documento dei 51 di Rebibbia]. Una generazione politica è detenuta, latitante, esiliata, in libertà provvisoria [Estratto da: «il manifesto», 30 settembre 1982] ……………………………………………………………………...89 § 7.[0]. Premessa ……………………………………………………………………………………………………...89 § 7.[1]. Lo Stato e i detenuti politici ………………………………………………………………………………….90 § 7.[2]. Si chiude un ciclo, si riapre una fase …………………………………………………………………………91 § 7.[3]. Contro il silenzio ……………………………………………………………………………………………..92 § 7.[4]. Un patto di percorso ………………………………………………………………………………………….93 § 7.[5]. Politica giudiziaria ……………………………………………………………………………………………94 App. 8. [«Il manifesto della dissociazione dalla lotta di classe»] Do you remember revolution? [Estratto da: «il manifesto», 20 febbraio 1983] ....…………………………………………………………………………………………………...97 App. 9. Gli imputati del «7 aprile»: «Toni Negri è un vile» [Estratto da: «la Repubblica», 4 febbraio 1984] ……………….111 App. 10.Da «tute bianche» a guardie bianche? [Estratto da: «Che fare», giornale dell’Organizzazione Comunista Internazionalista, n. 56, ottobre-novembre 2001] …………………………………………………………...………113 Introduzione alla ristampa Perché non sono picista «Uccidere un fascista non è reato» (i democratici e padri costituen- ti, Milano, Piazzale Loreto, 25 aprile 1945; ORESTE SCALZONE, Contributo al programma di Potere Operaio, 1969). «Il fascismo è il male assoluto» (un politico italiano, che dà ragione ai democratici e padri costituenti di Piazzale Loreto). «Non condivido tutte le mie idee» (GIOVANNI IOZZOLI, fondatore di «Officina 99», dopo aver parlato dell’«antifascismo militante», cioè militare, e della «cooperazione sociale antagonista»). «Veniamo da lontano e andiamo lontano» (uno di loro, un picista). «E non tornate più» (uno che li conosce). Sono un giovane all’italiana, di idee liberali e libertarie, niente affatto marxi- ste. Purtroppo ho avuto l’idea geniale di intraprendere la carriera di «ricerca- tore». E oggi sono uno «storico del movimento operaio». Non uno dei settan- tamila cosiddetti ricercatori precari delle università italiane. Troppi e inutili. Un evidente riflesso del declino dell’Italia come potenza capitalistica1. 1 Il declino è nei numeri. Il sistema universitario italiano accoglie ventimila «ricercatori» pre- cari nell’àmbito delle scienze matematiche, fisiche, naturali, della medicina e dell’ingegneria –e il numero è giustificato–, ma anche cinquantamila «ricercatori» precari delle scienze uma- ne (filosofi, letterati, sociologi, ecc.) –troppi e inutili–. Una massa degna del pubblico impie- go della Grecia. Inoltre, qui, la quantità non è qualità. Esiste un gruppo di valutazione della Facoltà di Fisica dell’Università «La Sapienza» di Roma che, all’inizio di ogni anno accademico, somministra una prova di accesso, a risposte multiple, alle matricole. I risultati riguardano studenti molto motivati, ma si possono genera- lizzare al resto degli iscritti delle altre facoltà. Solo il 5% riesce a rispondere correttamente a tutte le domande. Sono coloro che, in teoria, potrebbero aspirare a diventare «veri» ricercato- ri, ma che, in pratica, si trovano in un vicolo cieco. Di anno in anno, questo numero di stu- denti preparati è costante, quindi indipendente dal funzionamento complessivo della scuola i- taliana (che, al contrario, li limita nelle capacità di apprendimento), mentre è in via di estin- zione il corpus di circa un terzo di studenti con sufficiente o buona preparazione. O tutto o niente. Per esperienza diretta, posso dire che le conclusioni della ricerca pluriennale della Fa- coltà di Fisica sono estendibili all’intero corpus dei «ricercatori» precari. E finanche all’inte- ro corpus accademico dell’università italiana. Così, il numero dei «ricercatori» di scienze umane potrebbe ridursi da cinquantamila a cinquemila, senza che la «ricerca» subisca danno alcuno. Certo, l’occupazione ne risentireb- be, perché molti degli esclusi non troverebbero lavoro da alcuna altra parte. II Introduzione alla ristampa del 2011 I peggiori «ricercatori» sono quelli di «sinistra». I più raccomandati e asi- ni. Ma non sono completamente inutili. Ricordo che un giorno di fronte a un «ricercatore di sinistra», cioè «picista»2, con cattedra ereditaria, recitai quello che il mio interlocutore definì «uno sproloquio sulla cultura della legalità». E- gli, dopo avermi riso in faccia, mi spiegò che «la cultura della legalità è la cul- tura per i gonzi» (sue testuali parole, che mi sono rimaste scolpite nella men- te), che «etica e politica sono due àmbiti separati nella vita di un uomo» e, co- me esempio, portò la sua «brillante» carriera accademica e il motivo per il quale non si applica l’unica sana misura igienica per l’università italiana: l’a- bolizione del valore legale del titolo di studio. Lo ringrazio di avermi aperto gli occhi. Da allora non mi sono fatto più imbrogliare dai picisti e ho comin- ciato a vederli nella loro vera luce. Chi li conosce, li evita. Ho studiato, per vari motivi, la storia italiana negli anni del boom econo- mico e, oltre al famigerato PCI togliattiano, servo pentito dello stalinismo3, mi 2 Riprendo il termine dal prof. Luigi Cortesi. Molti anni fa, giovanissimo, lo udii per la prima volta pronunciare da lui. Usava l’appellativo «picista» come sinonimo di «falso comunista», cioè chi ha il cuore a sinistra, ma il portafoglio a destra. Quando chiesi delucidazioni, un suo collaboratore –un uomo barbuto di mezza età, di cui non conosco il nome– rispose con una battuta, che all’epoca considerai raccapricciante: «Una carogna è una carogna. Un picista è due volte carogna». Anni dopo ne capii il significato. Invece, io userò il termine «picista» in maniera laica e avalutativa, come sinonimo di «uno del PCI», o di un suo scacazzamento nato dopo la sua fine ingloriosa nel 1991, di fronte alle macerie del Muro di Berlino. In realtà, il termine «picista» è assai dispregiativo e come tale si trova in letteratura. C’è anche chi non lo usa, ma ne dà piena ragione. P.es. ERMANNO REA, Mistero napoletano. Vita e passione di una comunista negli anni della guerra fredda, Einaudi Editore, Torino 1995, descrive i «picisti» come «borghesi appagati» (pag. 186), signorotti senza ideali se non il pro- prio «particulare». Il libro di Ermanno Rea ha
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