THE BLOOD WE INHERIT, THE BLOOD WE SPILL THE ASIAN AMERICAN EXPERIENCE POLL EVERYWHERE - QUESTION 1 https://www.menti.com/uwpt1bi3ys OUTLINE

1 EVAN WANG - POEM PT. 1 6 RESOURCES

HISTORY OF ANTI ASIAN BIAS & 2 POLICIES 7 MENTAL HEALTH

3 RECENT EVENTS 8 EVAN WANG - POEM PT. 2

4 CULTURAL PERSPECTIVES

5 PERSONAL TESTIMONIES EVAN WANG PT. 1 – THE BLOOD WE INHERIT, THE BLOOD WE SPILL HISTORY

*click link in corner of slides for source ANTI-ASIAN POLICIES IN THE US H. R. 40, Naturalization Bill, March 4, 1790 Only “free white persons… of good character” could apply for citizenship

“Well into the 20th century, only those of Northern and Western European descent were considered white; Italians and Jews, for instance, were not.” Neither were Native Americans, indentured servants, slaves, free blacks, and later, Asians. The Atlantic ANTI-ASIAN POLICIES IN THE US When the Chinese Exclusionary Act expired in 1892, Congress extended it for 10 years in the form of the Geary Act. This extension was made permanent in 1902

In 1917, it was expanded to block most Asians living between Afghanistan and the Pacific

Our Documents ANTI-ASIAN POLICIES IN THE US

● “Even germs were ethnicized,” David Dorado Romo told me. “Middle Easterners were said to have this terribly frightening disease that was trachoma, which made you blind. The Jews were seen as people that carried tuberculosis; the Chinese had cholera.”

The Atlantic ANTI-ASIAN POLICIES IN THE US

The Immigration Act of 1924 → The Johnson-Reed Act

The Immigration Act of 1924 limited the number of immigrants allowed entry into the through a national origins quota. The quota provided immigration visas to two percent of the total number of people of each nationality in the United States as of the 1890 national census. It completely excluded immigrants from Asia.

History State - Milestones ANTI-ASIAN POLICIES IN THE US

● From 1882 to 1943 the United States Government ● In 1943 Congress repealed all the severely curtailed immigration from China to the exclusion acts, leaving a yearly limit of United States. This Federal policy resulted from 105 Chinese and gave foreign-born Chinese the right to seek concern over the large numbers of Chinese naturalization. The so-called national immigrants, competition with American workers and origin system, with various a growing nativism. As a result, an act (22 Stat.58) modifications, lasted until Congress was enacted on May 6, 1882 to suspend passed the Immigration Act of 1965. immigration of Chinese laborers for ten years; permitted those Chinese in the United States as of November 17, 1880, to stay, travel abroad, and return; prohibited the naturalization of Chinese; and created a "Section 6" exempt status for teachers, students, merchants, and travelers.

archives.gov ourdocuments.gov NATIVISM

The policy of protecting the interests of native-born or established inhabitants against those of immigrants. ANTI-ASIAN POLICIES IN THE US

● Issued by President Franklin Roosevelt on ● Effective July 1, 1968, a limit of February 19, 1942, Executive Order 9066 170,000 immigrants from authorized the evacuation of all persons outside the Western deemed a threat to national security from the Hemisphere could enter the West Coast to relocation centers further inland. United States, with a maximum In the next 6 months, over 100,000 men, of 20,000 from any one country. women, and children of Japanese ancestry Skill and the need for political were moved to assembly centers. They were asylum determined admission then evacuated to and confined in isolated, fenced, and guarded relocation centers, known as internment camps.

The Atlantic ANTI-ASIAN POLICIES IN THE US

● The historic Immigration ● In 1986, President Ronald Reagan and Nationality Act of ushered in an amnesty policy that 1965 did away with the allowed nearly 3 million undocumented immigrants, most quotas based on national of them Mexican, to become origin and instead allowed citizens. And in 1990, President citizens of the United George H. W. Bush amplified the States to petition for demographic effects of the 1965 family members to join law by increasing the visa caps it them. had established.

The Atlantic ANTI-ASIAN POLICIES IN THE US

● The Immigration Act of 1990 ● Collaboration between police and immigration provided the most comprehensive authorities, which began change in legal immigration since under Bill Clinton and was 1965. The act established a expanded under Barack “flexible” worldwide cap on Obama, compounded the family-based, employment-based, racial biases of each. and diversity immigrant visas. The act further provides that visas for any single foreign state in these categories may not exceed 7 percent of the total available. ANTI-ASIAN POLICIES IN THE US

The Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996 added Section 287(g), to the Immigration and Nationality Act. This section of law authorizes the Director of US Immigration and Customs Enforcement, or ICE, to enter into agreements with state and local law enforcement agencies, that permit designated officers to perform limited immigration law enforcement functions. Agreements under section 287(g) require the local law enforcement officers to receive appropriate training and to function under the supervision of ICE officers. Those deemed amenable to removal are identified while still secure in state or local custody, potentially reducing the time the alien spends in ICE custody

ice.gov - identify and arrest OTHER ANTI-ASIAN HISTORICAL EVENTS

● 1850’s – California charged $50 fees on arriving immigrants ineligible to become citizens ● 1853 – CA Daily Alta article claimed Chinese as a “far worse class than the negro” ● 1859 – Miners in Shasta County, CA unleashed violence and tried to drive out the Chinese ● 1871 – LA mass lynchings of Chinese Americans ● 1877 – Workingman’s Party of CA wanted California to be all Americans set ○ Chinatown on fire and a wave of violence ensued ● 1885 – the “Tacoma Method” pushed Asians out of many west coast towns

New Yorker POLL EVERYWHERE - QUESTION 2 HATE CRIMES Jenna Xue RECENT EVENTS PERSPECTIVES

COLORISM/EUROCENTRISM DIVERSITY IN UM INDIAN CULTURE Mrs. Nagaraj Saniya Manojkumar

DON’T PERPETUATE THE ASIAN ANTI-BLACKNESS IN ASIAN COMMUNITY MINORITY MYTH Emily Chung, Celine Pham & Emma Try David Rendon-Garcia

STEREOTYPES Hemani Shankar & Victoria Leung Colorism Saniya Manojkumar

- What is it?

- How does it impact us?

- How can we combat it? Eurocentrism - What is it? - How does it impact us? - How can we combat it? ANTI-BLACKNESS IN THE ASIAN COMMUNITY Emily Chung, Celine Pham & Emma Try

● Why does anti-blackness exist in the Asian Community? ○ Myth ○ News ● Solidarity ● How do we respond to anti-blackness in the Asian Community? ○ Recognize anti-blackness in your household ○ Engage in discussions ○ Speak up Stereotypes Hemani Shankar & Victoria Leung

- Built on circumstances

- Professional Settings

- Media

- Division A Study in Diversity: INDIA- Mrs. Nagaraj ● Diversity within a diverse country. ● Ancient country with many invasions and colonization. ● India has 29 states and 23 languages. ● Not all Indians are Hindus and follow the same traditions. ● Each state has its own language, food habits and social cultural beliefs. ● Many religions including Muslims, Christians and Hindus inhabit the country. ● For the most part, religious tolerance and social acceptance are the hallmark of the country https://www.ccate.org/aapi-hate-crimes/

MODEL MINORITY MYTH David Rendon-Garcia

(Artwork by: Laura Rendon-Garcia) POLL EVERYWHERE - QUESTION 3 TESTIMONIALS: Please share your reactions or responses in the chat after each testimonial KOMAL JHA – SOPHOMORE

The discrimination is unbearable When we hear their comments, The hate amongst the children is terrible And when I read the documents, Having an opinion is never wrong About the innocence that was killed But it's not right when someone has to fight to Because they don't like where we come from breathe Calling someone a virus, telling them to hush Because you don't like where they come from And then you tell us to brush your comments It aches when I try to speak up off I hesitate, When you cough, you curse at someone you But then I remember, don't even know December or September, Because you don't like where they come from, We still have to tremble. Because it's not where you come from. EMMA TRY – 8TH GRADE

“Wow, you’re quite dark.” is what I would hear at any family gathering in the summer. The connotation and tone it would be said in was neutral, but now I find it odd how normalized it had become, not only within my family, but the Asian community on making such a comment. I was taught to fear the sun. I remember the summer of 3rd grade, where I would stay out of the sun and be proud of how pale I was. It was a game of hide and seek.

“Your nose is big.” is what I heard come out of the mouth of one of my friends. It was true, my nose was big. From the side it went down a slight, smooth slope and angled outward with a droop, but it was made to seem like my nose shape was undesirable.

What I wanted to look like was rooted back to Eurocentric beauty standards which have always crossed paths with my life to the point where I did not feel comfortable in my own skin, whether I was aware of it or not. But the features that sit on our faces is what is a part of our unique heritages. They should be looked at as equally as beautiful as any other feature. JERMI VILANILATHU – 8TH GRADE

I have faced bullying and harassment throughout my life, and it continues now and again. I have gotten hurt by people's words, but after a specific period, I got used to people calling me names and describing me. A person who is not like me and who is sensitive, may be affected differently, which could lead them to depression and other critical mental health issues. I am not a person who sticks up for myself, but I have understood that if I don't stick up for myself, I wouldn't be able to help someone who is going through the same problems I have been through because I wouldn’t have learned how to solve my problems. There used to be a point when people were kind and caring towards each other, but after a vast pandemic, people's lives suddenly took a massive turn towards hatred and quick judgement. Throughout the pandemic, people were blaming the people that were from Asia by hatefully saying, "it's because of you that we have to be stuck in this global pandemic ". See those poor people. Those innocent people didn't do anything. They were just trying to live everyday life like other people. But at the same time, it's just not Asia's fault. It's all the countries fault for not following the guidelines. JENNA XUE – 8TH GRADE

Last year before quarantine and virtual learning, when COVID-19 first appeared in Montgomery County, multiple people approached me at school and asked me if I had the “Kung-flu”. I didn’t think much of it then. However, just about 3 weeks ago, I was in the cafeteria with my friends and I was approached by a student who had his mask off. He asked me in an almost amused way if I had COVID. While this minor micro-aggression isn’t at all much compared to things that other Asian people have faced, it had a really big impact on me. It showed me just how real Asian hate was and how it was closer to home than I thought. It showed that even though COVID-19 has spread all over the world, it is still seen as “China’s problem”. But the real way to solve the innumerable problems this virus is creating isn’t with hate—it’s by working together. We are NOT going to be changing anything by beating an innocent person down on the street just because of how they look. We have to band together and use all of our countries’ resources to save the lives of everyone. We could accomplish so much more and save so many people if we just learned to see past everyone’s differences. COVID-19 is a global problem. It’s a global responsibility. The only way we can overcome this is with teamwork. Let’s not let more people get sick and die just because we are blinded by hatred. The time to be a hero is NOW, and the way to be a hero is with acceptance and LOVE. INTERGENERATIONAL TRAUMA- Celine Pham More adults need to acknowledge, accept and process the effects of intergenerational trauma because when unprocessed, it becomes an inheritance for children too young to even understand what's going on.

Within the Asian community, this can be seen more among Southeast Asians, specifically as they’ve had a history of war and trauma.

One study found that 70% of Southeast Asian refugees receiving mental health treatment were diagnosed with PTSD. Refugees' children, who never experienced the trauma firsthand, can internalize their parents' psychological distress.

In the upper merion community, students and other members can help kids and families with intergenerational trauma by donating to the resources mentioned later in the presentation and understand the cultural nuances behind intergenerational trauma.

National Alliance on Mental Illness POLL EVERYWHERE RESULTS RESOURCES The Forgotten History of the Purging of Chinese from Asian American Mental Health Stigma America

Anti-Asian attacks at a school led to Why Don’t Seek Help a landmark ruling over a decade ago. Did Anything Change? Asian Mental Health Collective

6abc anchor Nydia Han: Asian Americans saw Asian American Psychological Association this coming National Asian American Pacific Islander How a Shared Goal to Dismantle White Mental Health Association Supremacy is Fueling Black-Asian Solidarity Stop AAPI Hate AAPI Hate Crimes Talking About Race Asian American Writers’ Workshop

COVID-19 Hate Crimes Act Stop Asian Hate Book Lists and Resources

Asian American Literature: Sophia Bagg POSITIVE COPING STRATEGIES WITH MRS. EHRET

Forgiveness - a conscious deliberate decision to release feelings of resentment or vengeance toward a person or group who has harmed you, whether or not they actually deserve your forgiveness.

● It is an emotional response and how you respond ● Letting go of the past because we can’t change the past ● Forgiveness helps patch those social hurts ● Forgiveness is something you do for you, not the person who wronged you. “Holding on to anger is like grasping a hot coal with the intent of throwing it at someone else; you are the one who gets burned”. - Buddha Forgiveness Interventions

1. Write in a journal - I forgive you….. (do not send) 2. Recalling forgiveness - When someone forgave you when you hurt them. How did it make you feel? How did they do it? 3. Write a brief transgression on your hand and then go to the restroom and wash it off. It may take a few times to wash off, but that is the metaphor as it may take time to forgive. 4. Reverse the I am sorry letter. Write the letter on behalf of someone else to yourself.

***Practicing empathy correlates with forgiveness. It helps us connect with each other and begin to heal the past to make the present better. EVAN WANG PT. 2– THE BLOOD WE INHERIT, THE BLOOD WE SPILL