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chased PS beads were functionalized with In the March 15th issue of Optics Letters, a submonolayer of 10–20-nm-diameter sil- experimental results were presented by ver nanoparticles using a commercially researchers from the Hanscom Air Force available electroless silver-deposition kit. Research Laboratory, Massachusetts The beads were poured into a cell con- Institute of Technology, and Texas A&M sisting of two glass substrates spaced University, showing Raman-excited spin 10–70 µm apart. Titanium (IV) isopropox- coherences in the nitrogen-vacancy (N-V) ide in isopropanol was then added to the color center in diamond. This material was cell, and the assembly was exposed to air chosen because of its large optical oscilla- to hydrolyze the titanium isopropoxide to tor strength (~0.1), its relatively long spin- amorphous titania. The PS beads were coherence lifetimes (1–100 µs range), and then dissolved in toluene, and the remain- its previous exhibition of Raman hetero- dyne signals. The diamond sample had ing hollow titania shells were released 6 from the glass substrate by sonication. ~30 parts in 10 N-V color centers. The researchers demonstrated the versa- A magnetic field was applied in the tility of this method for the titania shell/ (111) orientation of the N-V centers as laser beams at different frequencies were silver-nanocrystal system by preparing focused into the crystal. The beams origi- hollow shells with void sizes of 0.38 µm nated from one dye laser output that had and 1 µm by using PS beads with different been shifted with the use of acousto-optic diameters. The shell thickness was also frequency shifters. A nondegenerate four- varied from 30 nm to 170 nm by increasing wave mixing (NDFWM) signal was gener- the concentration of the isopropoxide pre- Figure. Schematic outline of the experimental ated and analyzed as a function of Raman cursor. The void sizes and shell thicknesses procedure: The polymer template could be laser-beam intensities in order to deter- of the hollow spheres were confirmed by either dissolved with a solvent or burnt out mine the saturation curve. The linewidth transmission and scanning through calcination at elevated temperatures. was then measured at intensities well microscopy. These micrographs also Reproduced with permission from Chem. below the saturation limit. The ~5.5 MHz showed that the silver nanocrystals were Mater. 13 (2001) p. 1146. Copyright 2001 American Chemical Society. linewidth indicated that the signal was securely embedded in the walls of the due to the Raman process. spheres. The spheres were found to be By reducing the intensity of one beam robust enough to maintain their shape inner surface with a catalyst and using the and using it as a probe, and increasing the throughout the templating and post-treat- wall of the hollow sphere to control the intensity of another beam to its maximum ment processes. diffusion of substrate and product species intensity and using it as a coupling beam, The researchers believe that this syn- of the catalytic process. EIT was observed in the sample. The thetic method can be extended to prepare GREG KHITROV NDFWM beam was blocked during this functionalized hollow spheres having a experiment. A maximum transparency of large variety of core materials and inner Electromagnetically Induced 17% was reached, which corresponds to surface microstructures. Also, hollow Transparency Observed in Raman about 70% of what is possible, consider- spheres with voids in the walls could be Studies of Nitrogen-Vacancy Color ing that only one out of four N-V centers prepared by removing the functionalities Centers in Diamond are oriented in the (111) direction. A fit to through wet etching or calcination. The Diamond has been found to have the EIT spectrum gives a Rabi frequency researchers said that a particularly excit- potential for use in electromagnetically of ~160 MHz. ing application involves decorating the induced transparency (EIT) applications. ERIN CARTER

News of MRS Members/Materials Researchers Zdeneˇk P. Bazˇant, Walter P. Murphy vide key product analysis and assess- terials technology that have had a major Professor of Civil and Ma- ment, advancing the quantity and variety impact on society. The award will be pre- terials Science at Northwestern University, of fiber optic components that Sensors can sented at the Fall Meeting of The has been awarded the honorary degree deliver to the marketplace. Draper will be Minerals, Metals & Materials Society dur- Doctor of Science h.c. from the University retiring from Lucent Technologies, bring- ing the ASM International Awards din- of Colorado—Boulder for his substantial ing to his new position 23 years of experi- ner on November 6. contributions to structural engineering ence in optical-fiber and semiconductor John B. Goodenough, professor of en- and mechanics worldwide. device manufacturing research, as well as gineering at the University of Texas— Angela M. Belcher, assistant professor fundamental research in the field of laser Austin, has received the Japan Prize from in the Department of and Bio- interactions with materials. the Science and Technology Foundation chemistry at the University of Texas— Mary Lowe Good, Founding Dean of of Japan in the category of “Science and Austin, has received a 2000 Presidential the College of Information Science and Technology of Environment Conscious Early Career Award for Scientists and Systems Engineering at the University of Materials” for his discovery of lithium Engineers, recognizing her pioneering Arkansas at Little Rock and President of manganese oxide, lithium cobalt oxide, research in combining organic and inor- the American Association for the Ad- and lithium iron phosphates that have ganic substances to produce new materials. vancement of Science, has been awarded been critical to the development of light- Clifton Draper has accepted a position the 2001 J. Herbert Hollomon Award of weight and high-energy-density re- on the executive team at Sensors Unlimi- Acta Materialia in recognition of her out- chargeable batteries. Goodenough was ted Inc., in Princeton, New Jersey, where, standing contributions to understanding honored during a prize ceremony in as liaison between manufacturing and relations between materials technology Tokyo in April. research and development, he will pro- and society, and/or contributions to ma- Ru-Ling Meng, a researcher with the

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Texas Center for Superconductivity at the Sensors Unlimited Inc., received the Aron notably in the telecommunications industry. University of Houston, has been recog- Kressel LEOS Award at LEOS 2000, the Shigeyuki S¯omiya has received the nized as one of the world’s most cited annual meeting of the IEEE Lasers and Japanese Government Award for long- authors by the Institute for Scientific Electro-Optics Society, held on November time services as Professor at Tokyo Insti- Information (ISI) in November 2000, an 13–16, 2000, in Puerto Rico. Olsen was rec- tute of Technology and Teikyo University honor given to less than one-half of one ognized for his unique and visionary work of Science and Technology, for research percent of all publishing researchers. in progressing the use of InGaAs detectors and education, and for the promotion of Greg Olsen, founder and president of for viable and pragmatic purposes, most science and technology in the world.

The American Physical Society (APS) Award for his pioneering work on the EPMA’s PM Thesis Competition—2000 has announced awards and honors for 2001. computational basis for first-principles awarded first prize in the Doctorate cate- Louis E. Brus () electronic structure theory of . gory to Jürgen Raimann (Friedrich- received the Irving Langmuir Prize for Klaus Schmidt-Rohr (Iowa State Uni- Alexander University of Erlangen— establishing the field of semiconductor versity) received the John H. Dillon Nürnberg, Germany) for “The Phase- nanocrystals through innovative synthe- Medal for his creative development of Doppler Measuring Technique as a Basis sis, , and theory. new nuclear magnetic resonance meth- for the Production of Metal Powders with David J. Wineland (National Institute ods and their insightful use to elucidate Controlled Particle Size,” and commenda- of Standards and Technology) received polymer structure and dynamics. tions to Häkan Engquist (Uppsala Univer- the Arthur Schawlow Prize for an extra- Ellen D. Williams (University of Mary- sity, Sweden) for “Microstructural Aspects ordinary range of pioneering studies land) received the David Adler Lecture- on Wear of Cemented Carbides,” Olivier combining trapped ions and lasers. ship Award for her elegant experimental Gillia (Institut National Polytechnique de Alan Harold Luther (Nordic Institute exploration of the structures and phase Grenoble, France) for “Constitutive Model- for Theoretical [Nordita], Copen- transitions of surfaces and for her effective ing of a Sintering Material; Application to hagen, Denmark) and Victor John Emery communication on this subject in lectures the Simulation of Industrial Sintering of (Brookhaven National Laboratory) re- and publications. WC-Co and Al2O3 Parts,” Ulrich Heck ceived the Oliver E. Buckley Prize in (Universität Bremen, Germany) for Condensed Matter Physics for their fun- The European Powder “Atomization in Free-Fall Atomizers,” damental contribution to the theory of Association (EPMA) announced the fol- Robin Mottram (University of Birming- interacting in one dimension. lowing awards during the EURO PM2000 ham, UK) “Properties of Sintered Neo- Donald M. Eigler (IBM Almaden Conference in Munich, Germany, on dymium Iron Boron Magnets Produced by Research Center) received the Davisson- October 18–20, 2000. a Powder Blending Process,” and Jenni Germer Prize for his seminal contribution Federal Mogul Products of Pont-de- Zackrisson (Chalmers University of to nanotechnology and for pioneering a Claix, Grenoble, France, received the 2000 Technology, Gösteborg, Sweden) for new methodology for probing matter at Premier EPMA Award for Innovation in “Development of Cermet Microstructures the atomic scale. Powder Metallurgy for its warm com- during Sintering and Heat-Treatment.” Masao Doi (Nagoya University) pacted and sintered connecting rod. The First prize in the Masters category went received the Polymer Physics Prize for connecting rods will go into series produc- to Timo Bernthaler (University of Applied pioneering contributions to the theory of tion in 2002 for various-sized engines Science, Aalen, Germany) for “Develop- dynamics and rheology of entangled made by European car producers. ment of an Efficient Method for Quanti- polymers and complex fluids. MG MiniGears of Padova, Italy, received fication of the Pore Structure of Sintered Arthur C. Gossard (University of Cali- an Award of Merit for Innovation in Parts Using Digital Image Analysis,” and fornia—Santa Barbara) received the James Powder Metallurgy for its PM helical commendations went to Jesús Cintas- C. McGroddy Prize in New Materials for gear with an inner straight lock slot, Fisico (Universidad de Sevilla, Spain) for more than 25 years of major and continuing which the company started producing in “Three-Step PM Processing of Mechani- contributions to the science and technology 1999 for a leading manufacturer of electric cally Alloyed Aluminium-Base Materials,” of molecular-beam epitaxy, and for the portable power tools. Michael Friman (Helsinki University of growth of heterogeneous compound-semi- GKN Sinter Metals of Bad Brückenau, Technology, Finland) for “Optimisation of conductor structures that have furthered Germany, received an Award of Merit for the Cu/Al2O3 Functionally Graded both device applications and physical under- Innovation in Powder Metallurgy for its Material,” and Michail Melchakov (Urals standing of low-dimensional structures. sinter-brazed reverse planetary carrier used State Technical University, Russia) for W.E. Moerner (Stanford University) in a new five-speed automatic transmission “Connection Between Copper Powder received the Earl K. Plyler Prize for Mo- developed by the Ford Motor Company. Granulometric Composition and Its Struc- lecular Spectroscopy for the develop- Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Tech- ture at Different Electrolysis Conditions.” ment of single-molecule optical detection nology and Sintered Materials (IKTS) in methods that remove ensemble averag- Dresden, Germany, received the Award of The Institute of Physics (IOP) has ing from spectroscopic measurements, Merit for New PM Material for the devel- announced awards and honors for 2001. thereby revealing the behavior of indi- opment of a hard, wear-resistant Colin Edward Webb (University of vidual molecules, and for the application carbide material for tools and wear parts. Oxford) received the Glazebrook Medal of these methods to the study of spectral Osterwalder AG of Lyss, Switzerland, and Prize for his leading role in the organi- diffusion, photon antibunching, photon received the Award of Merit for PM zation and promotion of laser physics in hole burning, and intermittent fluores- Processing Technology for its hybrid the United Kingdom and internationally, cence in solids, proteins, and liquids. mechanical–hydraulic powder-compact- particularly for his discovery of 30 new Alex Zunger (National Renewable ing press system, designated KPP, which laser transitions, and for being a founder Energy Laboratory) received the Rahman was first introduced in 1998. of Oxford Lasers.

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Laurence Eaves (Nottingham Univer- tal ingenuity and physical insight. in Indianapolis. sity) received the Guthrie Medal and Stephen J. Pennycook (Oak Ridge John A.S. Green (The Aluminum Prize for his outstanding contributions to National Laboratory) received the Association) received the Leadership the field of semiconductor physics, espe- Thomas Young Medal and Prize for his Award for leadership in defining and cially on the quantum transport properties pioneering work in the development of implementing technology partnerships of semiconductors, including his involve- atomic-resolution scanning transmission between industry, government, and acade- ment with the International Union of Pure electron microscopy (STEM), which led mia (in the metallurgy and materials area). and Applied Physics, and the Institute’s to the solution of a wide range of prob- Kwai S. Chan (Southwest Research Condensed Matter and Materials Division, lems in materials science. Institute) received the Champion his international collaborations, with inter- H. Mathewson Award for his series of national societies, and role in the organiza- The Minerals, Metals & Materials articles, “Evidence of Void Nucleation tion of international conferences. Society (TMS) has announced awards and Growth on Planar Slip Bands in a Brian Kidd Ridley (Essex University) and honors for 2001. Nb-Cr-Ti Alloy,” “Effects of Ti Addition received the Medal and Prize Edward A. Loria (retired from Universal- on Cleavage Fracture in Nb-Cr-Ti Solid- in recognition of his profound influence Cyclops Specialty Steel Division of Solution Alloys,” and “The Fatigue and on semiconductor theory stretching over Cyclops Corporation) received the Appli- Fracture Resistance of a Nb-Cr-Ti-Al four decades, for his valuable contribu- cation to Practice Award for transferring Alloy” as the most notable contribution tions to both theoretical and experimental significant research results into commer- to metallurgical science during the period semiconductor physics, and more recent- cial practice for a wide range of metals under review. ly for developing novel continuum theo- and alloys, over a career of more than 50 Chain-Tsuan Liu (Oak Ridge National ries of optical phonon confinement. years with several companies, and appli- Laboratory) received the Acta Metallurgica Jeremy J. Baumberg (Southampton cation to several industries. Gold Medal as an outstanding contribu- University) received the Charles Vernon Alex Zunger (National Renewable tor to materials science. Boys Medal and Prize for his outstanding Energy Laboratory) received the John Election to Fellow, the highest honor contributions to the application of ultrafast Bardeen Award for his theoretical bestowed by TMS, has honored Stan A. laser spectroscopy to a wide variety of research into the spontaneous ordering of David (Oak Ridge National Laboratory) problems in solid-state physics, including solids, which demonstrates a potential for significant advancement of welding the discovery of magnetic coupling process for creating new and technologi- science and technology through pioneer- between optically injected spin-polarized cally significant materials for use in elec- ing and definitive research and continued electrons and the magnetic ions in mag- tronics and photovoltaic systems. leadership and service to the materials netic semiconductors. William J. Boettinger (National Insti- joining community worldwide; Carl C. Volker Heine (University of Cambridge) tute of Standards and Technology) Koch (North Carolina State University) for received the Max Born Medal and Prize received the Bruce Chalmers Award for contributions to the understanding of for his pioneering theoretical and computa- showing how fundamental thermody- mechanical alloying and mechanical attri- tional studies of the electronic structure of namic and kinetic models, with modern tion for the preparation of amorphous solids and their application to physical computational power, led directly to and nanostructured alloys; John W. properties, including his recent contribu- quantitative predictions of the micro- Morris Jr. (University of California) for tions to the development of a new field of structures generated by solidification. broad and outstanding contributions to “mineral physics.” Carl J. McHargue (University of metallurgy and materials science, includ- James Kazimierz Gimzewski (IBM— Tennessee) received the Distinguished ing phase transformations, cryogenic Zurich) received the Duddell Medal and Service Award for decades of leadership steels and superalloys, electromigration, Prize for his contribution to nanoscale in implementing new initiatives for the and joining in electronic packaging; science in the use of scanning probe TMS Board of Directors, International Gregory B. Olson (Northwestern microscopy for the understanding and Affairs Committee, Nuclear Materials University) for advances in the physical development of nanomechanics and tun- Committee, and Accreditation Committee. metallurgy of steel, pioneering contribu- neling phenomena in and mole- Michael J. Vinarcik (Ford Motor tions to materials design, and application cules, for his involvement in nanoscale Company) received the Robert Lansing of design concepts to engineering educa- science for the past 16 years, and for his Hardy Award in recognition as a metal- tion; and Sungho Jin (Bell Laboratories, work to progress nanotechnology from lurgist under the age of 30 showing out- Lucent Technology) for seminal discover- research to consumer products. standing promise for a successful career ies in the fields of high-temperature super- Manuel Cardona of Max Planck Insti- in the broad field of metallurgy. conductor processing, diamond thinning, tute for Solid-State Research in Stuttgart, Balazs Gyorffy (University of Bristol) and collossal magnetoresistance. Germany, received the Mott Medal and received the William Hume-Rothery The 2001 Educator Award was awarded Prize in recognition of his broad and Award for his article, “On the Quasi- posthumously to Lawrence H. Van Vlack important contributions to the detailed Particle Spectra of Superconducting for his outstanding accomplishments as an understanding of the optical and electronic Random Alloys,” as an outstanding schol- engineering educator and administrator, properties of solids. arly contribution to the science of alloys. author of seminal introductory materials Joseph Louis Keddie (University of Niels Hansen (Riso National Labora- textbooks, and major contributor to the Surrey) received the Paterson Medal and tory) received the Institute of Metals understanding of nonmetallic inclusions in Prize for his major contributions of indus- Lecturer & Robert F. Mehl Medalist in steels. Van Vlack held positions as depart- trial importance to the understanding of recognition of his outstanding scientific lead- ment chair and professor emeritus at the the dynamics of polymers at surfaces, in ership and will present the lecture “New University of Michigan from 1953 to 1999. thin films and in colloidal dispersions, and Discoveries in Deformed Metals” at the His daughter, Laura R. Van Vlack-Ailes, for his demonstration of both experimen- TMS annual meeting November 4–8, 2001, accepted the award in his honor.

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