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Issue 90 December 2018 THE FORESTRY TECHNICAL COLLEGE PIATRA-NEAMŢ 67, Ştefan cel Mare street, Piatra-Neamţ Issue 90 December 2018 ISSN 2284 -7529 ISSN –L = 2284-7529 1 Great Union Day 2018………………………………………. December in History……………………………………………… Christmas........................................................................................3 Did you know........................................................................... Students’ Corner............................................................................ 2 THE FORESTRY TECHNICAL COLLEGE PIATRA-NEAMŢ School magazine Issue 90 December 2018 in our school for this historical event. They recited poems, sang songs, participated in various competitions, drew posters and on the whole, felt proud of being Romanian citizens and trying to emphasise our national values. This issue of our English written school magazine is about celebrating our National Day, but it is also about winter and Christmas. Snow has already started to fall, the town is beautifully decorated and we are starting to buy gifts or sing Christmas carols. In the Students’ Corner you will read about various traditions related to Christmas and how our students are preparing for this wonderful On the 1st of December we celebrate celebration. our National Day. It is a time of joy and a time of being proud that we are Romanians especially because this year we celebrate our country’s 100th Star’s Editorial Team anniversary. The students from The Technical College of Forestry have taken part in DECEMBER IN HISTORY many activities which were organised 3 Symbols of December 25th December and celebrates the birth of Our Lord Jesus Christ over 2000 Birthstone: Turquoise, years ago. Flower: Narcissus or Holly December is also a month of Christmas Plant: Poinsettia multicultural celebrations. December was originally the tenth The following multicultural events and month of the year in the Roman calendar. celebrations are among those that will It gets its name from the Latin word happen this year: which means tenth. However, when the -Saint Nicholas Day (Christian) Romans added January and February to -Fiesta of Our Lady of Guadalupe (Mexican) the calendar, it became the twelfth -St. Lucia Day (Swedish) month. -Hanukkah (Jewish) They still kept the name, though. It is the -Christmas Day (Christian) -Boxing Day (Australian, Canadian, English, first month of winter and the last month Irish) of the year. December in the Northern Hemisphere is similar to June in the Southern Hemisphere. Great Union Day 2018 The first day of astronomical winter is Great Union Day in Romania is on either December 21 or 22. This is the celebrated annually every 1 December . shortest day of the year and the longest Great Union Day, occurring on night. It is called the Winter or Southern December 1 is the national holiday of solstice in the Northern Hemisphere. Romania. It marks the unification of At the beginning of December, the Transylvania, Bessarabia, and Bukovina season of Advent starts. The with the Romanian Kingdom in 1918. word advent means 'coming', and as its This holiday was set after the Romanian name suggests it is a time of preparation Revolution and celebrates the assembly for the coming feast at Christmas. of the delegates of Romanians held in Christmas, the mass of Christ, is held on 4 Alba Iulia, declaring the Union of The story of solstice Transylvania with Romania. Solstice means “sun standing still.” In On December 1, 1918 (November 18 Old the Northern Hemisphere, it is the first Style), the National Assembly of the day of winter, the shortest day and Romanians of Transylvania formed of longest night of the year, occurring on 1,228 elected representatives of the the 20th, 21st or 22nd of December. Romanians in Transylvania, Banat, The introduction of Crişana and Maramureş, met in Alba Christmas Iulia and decreed (by unanimous vote) In the year 274AD, solstice fell on 25th “ the unification of those Romanians and December. Roman Emperor Aurelian of all the territories inhabited by them proclaimed the date as “Natalis Solis with Romania.” Invicti,” the festival of the birth of the invincible sun. In 320 AD, Pope Julius I Christmas Lights Day specified the 25th of December as the Before the invention of electric lights, official date of the birth of Jesus Christ. families would balance candles on the In 325AD, Constantine the Great, the branches of their Christmas trees first Christian Roman emperor, finally Electric Christmas lights were first changed the ancient solstice celebrations invented in 1880 by Thomas Edison, into Christmas, announcing that it however it took another several decades would be an immovable feast, officially for the invention to catch on. And it celebrated as the birth of Christ. wasn’t until 1903, when General Electric began selling pre-assembled kits of Christmas Eve – December 24 Christmas lights, the electric lights became popular with people of all The anticipation of reindeer hooves classes. pitter-pattering on the roof, Christmas 5 Eve dinner by the fire, Christmas birth, partaking in beautiful traditions, carolling amidst glowing holiday lights, or just spreading some holiday cheer! evening church services, staying up late You should know that... to prepare the stockings…. These are The figure of Father Christmas (Santa what makes Christmas Eve for many Claus) is based on the patron saint of one of the most magical days of the children, Saint Nicholas (270-310AD) year. While Christmas Eve traditions He became well known for supporting vary by culture and country, one thing is the needy. He would often be seen, clad for sure, no matter who or where you in red and white bishop’s robes and are—on December 24, the fantastical riding on a donkey, handing out gifts to becomes possible, and magic is all children. around us. Santa Claus in New York Christmas – December 25 The Dutch, under Peter Stuyvesant, founded New York – named New There are so many things to love about Amsterdam under the Dutch and the Christmas holiday The renamed when the British took over the great thing about Christmas colony – and brought with them the is that there is a joyful celebrations of Sinterklaas, the Dutch festivity for everyone to name for Saint Nicholas. Santa Claus is enjoy. Although Christmas the American pronunciation of has roots in Christianity and honours the Sinterklaas. birth of Jesus Christ, it has evolved over two millennia into a worldwide Mistletoe and holly celebration that’s both religious and at Christmas secular. Every year on December 25, we Mistletoe is a symbol for peace and joy. celebrate Christmas, a day for spending The idea originated in the ancient times time with family, honouring Christ’s of the Druids: whenever enemies met 6 under the mistletoe in the forest, they Pole. But there are lots in Lapland, had to lay down their arms and observe Finland. So today we know that the a truce until the next day. From this reindeer live around the secret village of comes the custom of hanging a ball of Father Christmas and the elves mistletoe from the ceiling as a sign of somewhere on the Korvatunturi friendship and goodwill. mountain in the Savukoski county of In the Celtic language mistletoe means Lapland, Finland, which is on the “all-heal.” Finnish-Russian border. Names of the Christmas reindeer Rudolph is the most Did you know? famous The first Christmas trees reindeer. He is the leader of the other 8, According to some sources, the Christmas tree is whose names are Blitzen, Comet, Cupid, actually a throwback to "Yggdrasil," the Great Tree of Life mentioned in Norse mythology. Dancer, Dash er, Donder, Prancer, and The first documented use of a tree at Christmas Vixen. and New Year celebrations is argued between the cities of Tallinn in Estonia and Riga in The names of the 8 reindeer were Latvia! Both claim that they had the first trees; Tallinn in 1441 and Riga in 1510. published by Clement Clark Moore, an The modern custom of an indoor Christmas tree is thought to have originated in Germany. American poet and professor of theology, German Christians would bring trees into their in his 1822 poem “A Visit From St. homes to decorate. Nicholas.” The famous Christmas reindeer At one stage it was thought that Father Christmas stockings A special Christmas Christmas (Santa Claus) lives in the tradition is hanging you North Pole. In 1925 it was discovered stocking for Santa to fill that there are no reindeer in the North 7 with small presents. This tradition comes humble shepherds who were first to to us from Holland, where children hang worship the new-born Christ. stockings for Sinter Klaas to fill. Legend has it that the candy cane was But why stockings? Here is one story. invented in 1670 by a choirmaster at the Long ago there was a merchant who had Cologne Cathedral who handed out the three daughters. Sadly, the merchant bent sugar sticks among children to keep somehow lost all of his money. His them quiet during the Living Crèche daughters were going to be sold as ceremony. servants to pay his bills. During their last Did you know? night at home the girls washed their English is the official language of 54 stockings and hung them by the fire to countries, almost double any other dry. Bishop Nicholas, hearing about their country. It is the most widely used fate, dropped gold down the chimney into language in the world, and is used by each girl’s stocking. many international organizations. The girls were saved! “Merry Christmas” is much more When their father heard who had given common than “Happy Christmas”, the gold, he went around town praising although the latter is sometimes heard. Bishop Nicholas. Beginning about two weeks before Ever since, children have hung Christmas, “Merry Christmas” is the stockings by the chimney in the hopes common greeting in the United that Santa Claus will fill their stockings Kingdom, Ireland, and America.
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