DOCSLIB.ORG

Federal Register/Vol. 75, No. 148/Tuesday, August 3, 2010/Rules

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Federal Register/Vol. 75, No. 148/Tuesday, August 3, 2010/Rules Federal Register / Vol. 75, No. 148 / Tuesday, August 3, 2010 / Rules and Regulations 45497 §101.147 [Corrected] (Spheniscus humboldti), and erect- Summary of Comments and On page 41771, in §101.147, in the crested penguin (Eudyptes sclateri) Recommendations third column, the tables are corrected to under the Endangered Species Act of In the proposed rule published on read as set forth below: 1973, as amended (Act). December 18, 2008 (73 FR 77303), we * * * * * DATES: This rule becomes effective requested that all interested parties (s) * * * September 2, 2010. submit information that might contribute to development of a final ADDRESSES: This final rule is available Receive rule. We also contacted appropriate Transmit (receive) (MHz) (transmit) on the Internet at http:// scientific experts and organizations and (MHz) www.regulations.gov. Comments and invited them to comment on the materials received, as well as supporting proposed listings. We received 13 (3) 10 MHz bandwidth chan- documentation used in the preparation nels: comments: 4 from members of the of this rule, will be available for public public, and 9 from peer reviewers. inspection, by appointment, during ***** We reviewed all comments received 2 2 normal business hours at the U.S. Fish 22025 .................................. 23225 from the public and peer reviewers for and Wildlife Service, 4401 N. Fairfax substantive issues and new information ***** Drive, Suite 420, Arlington, VA 22203. 22075 2 .................................. 23275 2 regarding the proposed listing of these FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: five species, and we have addressed ***** Janine Van Norman, Chief, Branch of those comments below. Overall, the Foreign Species, Endangered Species commenters and peer reviewers * * * * * Program, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, supported the proposed listings. One 4401 North Fairfax Drive, Room 420, comment from the public included Receive Arlington, VA 22203; telephone 703- substantive information; other Transmit (receive) (MHz) (transmit) 358-2171; facsimile 703-358-1735. If you comments simply supported the (MHz) use a telecommunications device for the proposed listing without providing (7) 50 MHz bandwidth chan- deaf (TDD), call the Federal Information scientific or commercial data. Relay Service (FIRS) at 800-877-8339. nels: Peer Review SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: ***** In accordance with our policy 22025 2 .................................. 23225 2 Background published on July 1, 1994 (59 FR 22075 2 .................................. 23275 2 34270), we requested expert opinions On December 18, 2008, we published from 14 knowledgeable peer reviewers ***** a proposed rule (73 FR 77303) to list the with scientific expertise that included yellow-eyed penguin (Megadyptes 2 These frequencies may be assigned to low familiarity with the species, the power systems, as defined in paragraph (8) of antipodes), white-flippered penguin geographic region in which the species this section. (Eudyptula minor albosignata), occur, and conservation biology Fiordland crested penguin (Eudyptes * * * * * principles. We received responses from pachyrhynchus), Humboldt penguin nine of the peer reviewers. They [FR Doc. C1–2010–17205 Filed 8–2–10; 8:45 am] (Spheniscus humboldti), and erect- generally agreed that the description of BILLING CODE 1505–01–D crested penguin (Eudyptes sclateri) the biology and habitat for each species under the Endangered Species Act of was accurate and based on the best 1973, as amended (Act; 16 U.S.C. 1531 available information. They provided DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR et seq.). That document also served as some new or additional information on the 12–month finding on a petition to the biology and habitat of some of these Fish and Wildlife Service list these species, which are 5 of 12 penguin species and their threats, and penguin species included in the we incorporated that information into 50 CFR Part 17 petition. We opened the public the rulemaking as appropriate. In some [Docket No. FWS-R9-IA-2008-0118] comment period on the proposed rule cases, it has been indicated in the [MO 92210-0-0010-B6] for 60 days, ending February 17, 2009, citations by ‘‘personal communication,’’ to allow all interested parties an which could indicate either an email or RIN 1018–AW40 opportunity to comment on the telephone conversation, while in other proposed rule. On March 9, 2010, the Endangered and Threatened Wildlife cases the research citation is provided. Center for Biological Diversity (CBD) and Plants; Determination of filed a complaint (CV-10-992, N.D. Cal) Peer Reviewer Comments Threatened Status for Five Penguin for failure to issue a final listing Species (1) Comment: Several peer reviewers determination within 12 months of the provided new data and information AGENCY: Fish and Wildlife Service, proposal to list the species. In a court- regarding the biology, ecology, life Interior. approved settlement agreement, the history, population estimates, and threat ACTION: Final rule. Service agreed to submit a final rule to factors affecting these penguin species, the Federal Register by July 30, 2010. and requested that we incorporate the SUMMARY: We, the U.S. Fish and Previous Federal Action new data and information into this final Wildlife Service (Service), determine rule and consider it in making our threatened status for five penguins: The For a detailed history of previous listing determination. With respect to yellow-eyed penguin (Megadyptes Federal actions involving these five potential threats, one peer reviewer antipodes), white-flippered penguin penguin species, please see the Service’s raised the issue of flipper banding of the (Eudyptula minor albosignata), proposed listing rule, which published yellow-eyed penguin. Several peer Fiordland crested penguin (Eudyptes in the Federal Register on December 18, reviewers provided clarifying pachyrhynchus), Humboldt penguin 2008 (73 FR 77303). information on predation with respect VerDate Mar<15>2010 13:37 Aug 02, 2010 Jkt 220001 PO 00000 Frm 00023 Fmt 4700 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\03AUR1.SGM 03AUR1 erowe on DSK5CLS3C1PROD with RULES 45498 Federal Register / Vol. 75, No. 148 / Tuesday, August 3, 2010 / Rules and Regulations to the Humboldt and white-flippered commenter indicated that the Service the oceanic pH may change in the penguins. Additionally, some of the failed to address anthropogenic climate penguins’ habitat and how the other peer reviewers provided technical change and how it will affect penguins, changes in the species’ environments corrections and brought to our attention particularly the Humboldt penguin. The would interact with other known recent papers discussing taxonomy and commenter also requested that we threats. The manner in which a change genetics. address the issue of accelerated ocean in ocean pH may affect penguins is Our Response: In addition to the warming and ocean acidification. The currently unpredictable. critical review provided by species commenter suggested that the pH experts, we considered scientific and (acidity) of the ocean is rapidly (5) Comment: The same commenter commercial information regarding these changing, and may lower by 0.3 to 0.4 requested that the Service consider penguin species contained in technical units by the year 2100, which would listing these five species as endangered documents, published journal articles, mean the acidity would increase by 100 instead of threatened based on the two and other general literature documents, to 150 percent. The commenter cited issues noted above. including over 30 documents we Orr et al. 2005 and Meehl et al. 2007. Our Response: Section 4(b)(1)(A) of reviewed since the publication of the Our Response: We thank the the Act requires us to make listing proposed rule to list these 5 penguin commenter who provided this decisions based solely on the best species. We have incorporated the new information for our consideration in scientific and commercial data information and technical corrections making this final listing determination. available. We have thoroughly reviewed into this final rule. In addition, we We will first respond to the comment all available scientific and commercial address flipper banding of the yellow- that greenhouse gas emissions will data for these species in preparing this eyed penguin, and information on accelerate ocean warming and increase final listing determination. We reviewed predation of the Humboldt and white- sea level rise. Gille (2002, p. 1276) historical and recent publications, as flippered penguins in the threats found that while ocean warming well as unpublished reports, concerning analyses for those species in this final occurred in the 1950s and 1960s, it these species. In addition, we used peer rule. leveled off in the 1980s and 1990s; review to provide a more focused, (2) Comment: One peer reviewer overall, there was an increase in ocean independent examination of the suggested that the mainland and sub- water temperature in the Southern available scientific information and its Antarctic populations of yellow-eyed Hemisphere over the past 50 years. application to the current status of the penguins should be considered separate Looking forward to years 2090-2099, species. As part of our evaluation, we management units, stating that there precipitation is predicted to increase was negligible genetic interchange across the sub-Antarctic and Antarctic carefully considered the quality and between populations. The peer reviewer region, with a greater than 20 percent reliability
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Fidelity to Nest Site and Mate in Fiordland Crested Penguins 37
    1999 St Clair et al.: Fidelity to nest site and mate in Fiordland Crested Penguins 37 FIDELITY TO NEST SITE AND MATE IN FIORDLAND CRESTED PENGUINS EUDYPTES PACHYRHYNCHUS COLLEEN CASSADY ST CLAIR1, IAN G. McLEAN2,3, JAN O. MURIE1, STEPHEN M. PHILLIPSON4 & BELINDA J.S. STUDHOLME5 1Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E9, Canada ([email protected]) 2Department of Zoology, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 1, New Zealand 3Current Address: Natural Heritage Division, Kings Park and Botanic Gardens, West Perth, WA 6005, Australia 4Department of Conservation, PO Box 8, Arthur’s Pass, New Zealand 546A Hackthorne Road, Christchurch 2, New Zealand SUMMARY ST CLAIR, C.C., McLEAN, I.G., MURIE, J.O., PHILLIPSON, S.M. & STUDHOLME, B.J.S. 1999. Fidelity to nest site and mate in Fiordland Crested Penguins Eudyptes pachyrhynchus. Marine Ornithology 27: 37–41. Fiordland Crested Penguins Eudyptes pachyrhynchus are the least gregarious of the crested penguins, breed- ing in caves, burrows, and under dense vegetation along the coast of Fiordland, New Zealand. A popula- tion on Open Bay Island was monitored, with varying degrees of intensity, from 1988 to 1995. During this period, 175 adults were banded in three semi-contiguous areas and their returns to 46 mapped nest sites were recorded. In 1989, reproductive success to the crèche stage was also known. Return rates (used here as minimum annual survival estimates) ranged from 53–83% with means of 71% for both sexes. Mean nest fidelity averaged 76% for males and 72% for females with slightly lower values for mate fidelity (64% for males, 62% for females).
    [Show full text]
  • On Ulva Island
    Abundance and dispersal of translocated common skink (Oligosoma polychroma) on Ulva Island Helen Sharpe A report submitted in partial fulfilment of the Post-graduate Diploma in Wildlife Management University of Otago 2011 University of Otago Department of Zoology P.O. Box 56, Dunedin New Zealand WLM Report Number: 250 Abundance and dispersal of translocated common skink (Oligosoma polychroma) on Ulva Island A report prepared for the Department of Conservation in association with Otago University’s Diploma of Wildlife Management. Helen Sharpe July 2011 2 Abundance and dispersal of translocated common skink (Oligosoma polychroma) on Ulva Island Contents Summary 2 Introduction 3 Methods 4 Results 8 Discussion 9 Recommendations 13 Acknowledgements 15 References 16 Figures and tables 18 3 Abundance and dispersal of translocated common skink (Oligosoma polychroma) on Ulva Island Summary This report describes a monitoring study carried out in 2011 to investigate the abundance and distribution of common skink (Oligosoma polychroma) on Ulva Island, Southland, New Zealand. Common skinks were introduced to Ulva in 2005 and 2006 for ecosystem restoration, and to investigate effects of weka (Gallirallus australis scotti) predation. Skinks were monitored over 3 non-consecutive days using artificial cover objects. Where possible skinks were caught, weighed, measured and photographed. A total of 18 sightings were made which indicates a substantial drop in both populations but especially at West End Beach. A combination of insufficient habitat and predation/competition by weka are the probable causes. However some uncertainties with monitoring are acknowledged, with regard to sub-optimal weather conditions and ‘settling’ time for new ACOS. Skinks appear not to have dispersed more than 20-30 metres from their release site.
    [Show full text]
  • New Zealand Comprehensive II Trip Report 31St October to 16Th November 2016 (17 Days)
    New Zealand Comprehensive II Trip Report 31st October to 16th November 2016 (17 days) The Critically Endangered South Island Takahe by Erik Forsyth Trip report compiled by Tour Leader: Erik Forsyth RBL New Zealand – Comprehensive II Trip Report 2016 2 Tour Summary New Zealand is a must for the serious seabird enthusiast. Not only will you see a variety of albatross, petrels and shearwaters, there are multiple- chances of getting out on the high seas and finding something unusual. Seabirds dominate this tour and views of most birds are alongside the boat. There are also several land birds which are unique to these islands: kiwis - terrestrial nocturnal inhabitants, the huge swamp hen-like Takahe - prehistoric in its looks and movements, and wattlebirds, the saddlebacks and Kokako - poor flyers with short wings Salvin’s Albatross by Erik Forsyth which bound along the branches and on the ground. On this tour we had so many highlights, including close encounters with North Island, South Island and Little Spotted Kiwi, Wandering, Northern and Southern Royal, Black-browed, Shy, Salvin’s and Chatham Albatrosses, Mottled and Black Petrels, Buller’s and Hutton’s Shearwater and South Island Takahe, North Island Kokako, the tiny Rifleman and the very cute New Zealand (South Island wren) Rockwren. With a few members of the group already at the hotel (the afternoon before the tour started), we jumped into our van and drove to the nearby Puketutu Island. Here we had a good introduction to New Zealand birding. Arriving at a bay, the canals were teeming with Black Swans, Australasian Shovelers, Mallard and several White-faced Herons.
    [Show full text]
  • Your Cruise Natural Treasures of New-Zealand
    Natural treasures of New-Zealand From 1/7/2022 From Dunedin Ship: LE LAPEROUSE to 1/18/2022 to Auckland On this cruise, PONANT invites you to discover New Zealand, a unique destination with a multitude of natural treasures. Set sail aboard Le Lapérouse for a 12-day cruise from Dunedin to Auckland. Departing from Dunedin, also called the Edinburgh of New Zealand, Le Lapérouse will cruise to the heart of Fiordland National Park, which is an integral part of Te Wahipounamu, UNESCOa World Heritage area with landscapes shaped by successive glaciations. You will discoverDusky Sound, Doubtful Sound and the well-known Milford Sound − three fiords bordered by majestic cliffs. The Banks Peninsula will reveal wonderful landscapes of lush hills and rugged coasts during your call in thebay of Akaroa, an ancient, flooded volcano crater. In Picton, you will discover the Marlborough region, famous for its vineyards and its submerged valleys. You will also sail to Wellington, the capital of New Zealand. This ancient site of the Maori people, as demonstrated by the Te Papa Tongarewa Museum, perfectly combines local traditions and bustling nightlife. From Tauranga, you can discover the many treasuresRotorua of : volcanoes, hot springs, geysers, rivers and gorges, and lakes that range in colour from deep blue to orange-tinged. Then your ship will cruise towards Auckland, your port of disembarkation. Surrounded by the blue waters of the Pacific, the twin islands of New Zealand are the promise of an incredible mosaic of contrasting panoramas. The information in this document is valid as of 9/24/2021 Natural treasures of New-Zealand YOUR STOPOVERS : DUNEDIN Embarkation 1/7/2022 from 4:00 PM to 5:00 PM Departure 1/7/2022 at 6:00 PM Dunedin is New Zealand's oldest city and is often referred to as the Edinburgh of New Zealand.
    [Show full text]
  • Andrea Milković New Zealand and Its Tourism Potential
    New Zealand and its Tourism Potential Milković, Andrea Undergraduate thesis / Završni rad 2017 Degree Grantor / Ustanova koja je dodijelila akademski / stručni stupanj: Polytechnic of Međimurje in Čakovec / Međimursko veleučilište u Čakovcu Permanent link / Trajna poveznica: https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:110:471894 Rights / Prava: In copyright Download date / Datum preuzimanja: 2021-09-30 Repository / Repozitorij: Polytechnic of Međimurje in Čakovec Repository - Polytechnic of Međimurje Undergraduate and Graduate Theses Repository MEĐIMURSKO VELEUČILIŠTE U ČAKOVCU STRUČNI STUDIJ MENADŢMENT TURIZMA I SPORTA ANDREA MILKOVIĆ NEW ZEALAND AND ITS TOURISM POTENTIAL ZAVRŠNI RAD ČAKOVEC, 2016. POLYTECHNIC OF MEĐIMURJE IN ČAKOVEC PROFESSIONAL STUDY PROGRAME MANAGEMENT OF TOURISM AND SPORT ANDREA MILKOVIĆ NEW ZEALAND AND ITS TOURISM POTENTIAL FINAL PAPER Mentor: Marija Miščančuk, prof. ČAKOVEC, 2016 Zahvala: Veliku zahvalnost, u prvom redu, dugujem svojoj mentorici, prof. Mariji Miščančuk zbog savjetovanja, usmjeravanja i odvojenog vremena tijekom pisanja ovog završnog rada. Zahvaljujem se i ostalim djelatnicima na MeĎimurskom Veleučilištu u Čakovcu zbog kvalitetnog prenošenja znanja i pomoći tijekom studiranja. Veliko hvala Antoniju Kovačeviću i sestri Nikolini Milković na pomoći oko nabavljanja literature i tehničkoj podršci. Isto tako, zahvaljujem im se na ohrabrenju i moralnoj podršci za vrijeme pisanja rada, ali i tijekom cijelog studiranja. TakoĎer, hvala mojim prijateljima Goranu Haramasu, Martini Šestak, Petri Benotić, Petri Kozulić i Vinki Kugelman koji su bili uz mene i učinili ove studijske godine ljepšima. Hvala mojoj obitelji na podršci i strpljenju tokom studija. ABSTRACT Curiosity of people leads to traveling for pleasure to new places where they can visit and learn about historical buildings, natural beauty and anything that makes one country special, interesting and worth visiting.
    [Show full text]
  • Milford Sound Shuo Yang (3940194) Brock University
    Pre-departure Destination Brief: Milford Sound Shuo Yang (3940194) Brock University Milford Sound, New Zealand Instructor: Dr. Dave Brown Course: TREN3F94 Ecological Regions and Tourism Destinations in New Zealand Due: Feb, 18 th , 2010 Introduction Milford Sound ( Piopiotahi in Māori) is a fjord on the south west coast of the South Island within Fiordland National Park and the Te Wahipounamu World Heritage site in New Zealand (Inglis, Gust, Kospartov, Peacock, 2008). It has been described by Rudyard Kipling as the ‘eighth wonder of the world’ (Transit New Zealand, 2007). The valley walls drop steeply to water depths, especially Mitre Peak, has been one of the most well-known tourism icons (Becken, 2005). Its unique natural attractions, many wildlife, and marine biota attract a huge number of tourists to visit Milford Sound on annual basis. For example, Visitor numbers to Milford Sound / Piopiotahi have grown from 247,000 in 1992 to approximately 470,000 in the 2004 /2005 season (Fiordland National Park Management Plan, 2007). The rate of growth continues over the life of management plan (Fiordland National Park Management Plan, 2007). Indeed, economically, the large influx of tourists can definitely contribute to the increment of local revenue. Nevertheless, the increase in commercial and tourists activity in Milford Sound has put ever greater pressure on its natural character and landscape, wildlife and marine biota (Sirota, 2006). Sirota (2006) has also pointed out that perceptions of natural landscape and wilderness values are attenuated when synergies are formed between commercial tourist vessels, air traffic, high road usage and large influxes of visitors within a confined area.
    [Show full text]
  • NZ Journal of Ecology, In
    1 2 FORUM/REVIEW ARTICLE 3 4 A research strategy for biodiversity conservation on New Zealand’s 5 offshore islands 6 7 David R. Towns 1* , Peter J. Bellingham 2, Christa P.H. Mulder 3, Phil O’B. Lyver 2 8 1Research and Development Group, Department of Conservation, Private Bag 68 908, 9 Newton, Auckland 1145, New Zealand. 10 2Landcare Research, PO Box 40, Lincoln 7640, New Zealand 11 3 Department of Biology and Wildlife & Institute of Arctic Biology, University of 12 Alaska Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA 13 *Author for correspondence (Email: [email protected]) 14 15 Abstract: New Zealand’s (NZ) offshore islands are refuges for many threatened 16 species, a high proportion of vertebrate diversity, and the world’s most diverse fauna 17 of seabirds. We present key issues and questions that can be used to guide research on 18 the conservation of biodiversity on these islands. Four global reviews formed a basis 19 from which we identified research questions of potential relevance to the management 20 of NZ islands. The research questions were assigned in the context of nine objectives 21 proposed as a means of achieving ecological integrity. For each of the nine 22 objectives, we then asked what has been achieved in terms of island research and 23 management, and what needs to be achieved in order to meet long term goals. We 24 used local examples to identify issues and questions specific to islands in the NZ 25 region. Our analyses revealed two research areas in which current understanding is 1 26 poor.
    [Show full text]
  • New Zealand Decimal Coins & Banknotes
    New Zealand Decimal Coins & Banknotes Decimal Proof & Unc. Sets New Zealand New Zealand Proof Sets Unc Sets Scarce Gold Coin Issues Miscellaneous Decimal 1953 Superior $ 350 (Perfect $ 495) Proof/Unc. Coins & 1965 40 $ 28 1990 $150 (.916 Gold, ½ oz. AGW) 1967, 1968 ea. 18* 18 150th Anniversary of the signing of Banknotes Sets/Packs 1969, 1970 ea. 30* 22 the Treaty of Waitangi. Scarce 1971 150 20 (Low mintage of only 3,200 issued). 1965/1967 Souvenir Card 1972, 1973 ea. 40 30 Cased PROOF FDC……..…$ 1450 Official card issued by the N.Z. 1974 Games 50 20 1993 $5 (.916 Gold, 1.41oz. AGW) New Zealand Treasury for changeover to 1975, 1976 ea. 25 18 40th Anniversary of Coronation. decimal currency with 1d. & 1c. 1977 to 1982 ea. 50 20 (Only 210 issued for N.Z.!). mounted on a card. (Similar to the Royal 1983 50th Anniv. 50 18 Crown sized gold proof coin. Australian Mint issued 1c. & 2c. card, 1984, 1985 ea. 50 20 Cased PROOF FDC……..…$ 3450 which retails for $95.00 plus). Scarce. 1986, 1987 ea. 55 25 1994 50c. Bi-Metal issue (Special Uncirculated....................$ 25 1988 Penguin 55 32 White/Yellow Gold issue – 22.5 gms (Have seen this souvenir card listed by 1989 Games 55 25 Low mintage of just 500 ! Low issue other dealers at up to $45!!) 1990 150th Anniv. 150 45 number 114. Beautiful proof gold coin. Will also include FREE copy of official 1990 150th Anniv. (Special Convention Cased PROOF FDC………..$ 1250 New Zealand Treasury leaflet containing Sleeve - Mintage 100!) Proof set $ 245 1994 50c.
    [Show full text]
  • Declining Eastern Rockhopper (Eudyptes Filholi) and Erect-Crested (E
    124 AvailableNew on-lineZealand at: Journal http://www.newzealandecology.org/nzje/ of Ecology, Vol. 38, No. 1, 2014 Declining eastern rockhopper (Eudyptes filholi) and erect-crested (E. sclateri) penguins on the Antipodes Islands, New Zealand Johanna A. Hiscock1 and B. Louise Chilvers2* 1Southern Islands, Department of Conservation, PO Box 743, Invercargill, New Zealand 2Marine Species and Threats, Department of Conservation, PO Box 10 420, Wellington, New Zealand *Author for correspondence (Email: [email protected]) Published online: 7 November 2013 Abstract: New Zealand’s subantarctic Antipodes Islands are of international significance for breeding seabirds. However, penguin populations on the islands are declining. Uncertainty about the extent of this decline has been accentuated by a lack of accurate information on the population size and nest distribution of the penguin species, and the absence of an appropriate methodology for their long-term monitoring. We surveyed the nest abundance and distribution of eastern rockhopper penguins (Eudyptes filholi) and erect-crested penguins (E. sclateri) on the Antipodes Islands from 22 October to 6 November 2011 and compared counts with historical censuses from 1978 to 1995. Presence or absence of colonies previously known to have existed was recorded and counts of all nests within colonies around the islands were undertaken. In total, 42 689 nests of both species were counted over 103 colonies. Of these, 86% of nests (2475 rockhopper and 34 226 erect-crested) were counted accurately from on land. Overall, 24 entire colonies have ceased to exist since 1978, and there was an estimated 23% decline in the number of penguin nests between 1995 and 2011.
    [Show full text]
  • Engelsk Register
    Danske navne på alverdens FUGLE ENGELSK REGISTER 1 Bearbejdning af paginering og sortering af registret er foretaget ved hjælp af Microsoft Excel, hvor det har været nødvendigt at indlede sidehenvisningerne med et bogstav og eventuelt 0 for siderne 1 til 99. Tallet efter bindestregen giver artens rækkefølge på siden.
    [Show full text]
  • Weka Predation on Eggs and Chicks of Fiordland Crested Penguins
    60 SHORT NOTES NOTORNIS 39 I thank the late G.W. Johnstone (Antarctic Division, Australia) for confirming the identification of the penguin from photographs, Robert Jones and Jeremy Smith for helping to measure and weigh the penguin and commenting on the manuscript, and Peter Dann for commenting on the manuscript. LITERATURE CITED MARCHANT, S.; HIGGINS, P. J. 1990. Handbook of Australian, New Zealand and Antarctic Birds. Vol.l(A). South Melbourne: Oxford University Press. NAPIER, R.B. 1968. Erect-crested and Rockhopper Penguins interbreeding in the Falkland Islands. Br. Antarct. Surv. Bull. 16.71-72. REILLY, P.N.; CULLEN J.M. 1982. The Little Penguin Eudyptula minor in Victoria. 111. Dispersal of chicks and survival after banding. Emu 82:137-142. TUCK, G. S.; HEINZEL, H. 1980. A Field Guide to the Seabirds of Australia and the World. London: Collins. WATSON, G.E. 1975. Birds of the Antarctic and Subantarctic. Washington D.C.: Amer. Geophys. Union. CLAIRE SPEEDIE c/o Max Downes, Wildlife Management Consultancy, Bridge Street, Foster, Victoria 3960, Australia Present address: Penguin Reserve Committee of Management, Phillip Island Penguin Reserve, PO Box 97, Cowes, Victoria 3922, Australia Weka predation on eggs and chicks of Fiordland Crested Penguins Between July and October 1989, we studied the breeding biology of Fiordland Crested Penguins (Eudyptes pachyrhymhus) on Taumaka, the larger of the Open Bay Islands (43O 52' S, 168O 53' E), 5 km west of Haast. The Fiordland Crested Penguin is the rarest of the six crested penguin species, . breeding only on the rugged coasts of South Westland and Fiordland, and on Solander and Stewart Islands and offshore islands.
    [Show full text]
  • Species List
    P.O. Box 16545 Portal, AZ 85632 Phone 520.558.1146/558.7781 Toll free 800.426.7781 Fax 650.471.7667 Email [email protected] [email protected] New Zealand Nature & Birding Tour January 5 – 18, 2016 With Steward Island Extension January 18 – 21, 2016 2016 New Zealand Bird List Southern Brown Kiwi – We got to see three of these antiques on Ocean Beach Black Swan – Where there were large bodies of freshwater, there were swans Canada Goose – Introduced, common, and spreading in the country Graylag Goose – Always a few around lakes that folks frequent Paradise Shelduck – Very numerous at the Mangere Water Treatment Plant Blue Duck – Very good looks at eight of these at the Whakapapa Intake Mallard – One adult male at Mangere was our best look Pacific Grey Duck – A number of the birds at Mangere appeared to be pure Australian Shoveler – Three females right alongside the road at Mangere Gray Teal – Quite a few at Mangere and at other locations Brown Teal – Not easy, but we got to see them on our first day out at Mangere New Zealand Scaup – A few at Waimangu Volcanic area in old crater lakes Yellow-eyed Penguin – Saw three total with the best being the twenty-minute preener Little Penguin – Probably saw about twenty of these, both on land and in the water Fiordland Penguin – Only one seen off of Stewart Island California Quail – Spotted sporadically throughout the trip Ring-necked Pheasant – First one was alongside the road Turkey – Seen in fields once every couple of days on the North Island Weka – A number of individuals around the
    [Show full text]