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New Zealand Comprehensive II Trip Report 31St October to 16Th November 2016 (17 Days)
New Zealand Comprehensive II Trip Report 31st October to 16th November 2016 (17 days) The Critically Endangered South Island Takahe by Erik Forsyth Trip report compiled by Tour Leader: Erik Forsyth RBL New Zealand – Comprehensive II Trip Report 2016 2 Tour Summary New Zealand is a must for the serious seabird enthusiast. Not only will you see a variety of albatross, petrels and shearwaters, there are multiple- chances of getting out on the high seas and finding something unusual. Seabirds dominate this tour and views of most birds are alongside the boat. There are also several land birds which are unique to these islands: kiwis - terrestrial nocturnal inhabitants, the huge swamp hen-like Takahe - prehistoric in its looks and movements, and wattlebirds, the saddlebacks and Kokako - poor flyers with short wings Salvin’s Albatross by Erik Forsyth which bound along the branches and on the ground. On this tour we had so many highlights, including close encounters with North Island, South Island and Little Spotted Kiwi, Wandering, Northern and Southern Royal, Black-browed, Shy, Salvin’s and Chatham Albatrosses, Mottled and Black Petrels, Buller’s and Hutton’s Shearwater and South Island Takahe, North Island Kokako, the tiny Rifleman and the very cute New Zealand (South Island wren) Rockwren. With a few members of the group already at the hotel (the afternoon before the tour started), we jumped into our van and drove to the nearby Puketutu Island. Here we had a good introduction to New Zealand birding. Arriving at a bay, the canals were teeming with Black Swans, Australasian Shovelers, Mallard and several White-faced Herons. -
Declining Eastern Rockhopper (Eudyptes Filholi) and Erect-Crested (E
124 AvailableNew on-lineZealand at: Journal http://www.newzealandecology.org/nzje/ of Ecology, Vol. 38, No. 1, 2014 Declining eastern rockhopper (Eudyptes filholi) and erect-crested (E. sclateri) penguins on the Antipodes Islands, New Zealand Johanna A. Hiscock1 and B. Louise Chilvers2* 1Southern Islands, Department of Conservation, PO Box 743, Invercargill, New Zealand 2Marine Species and Threats, Department of Conservation, PO Box 10 420, Wellington, New Zealand *Author for correspondence (Email: [email protected]) Published online: 7 November 2013 Abstract: New Zealand’s subantarctic Antipodes Islands are of international significance for breeding seabirds. However, penguin populations on the islands are declining. Uncertainty about the extent of this decline has been accentuated by a lack of accurate information on the population size and nest distribution of the penguin species, and the absence of an appropriate methodology for their long-term monitoring. We surveyed the nest abundance and distribution of eastern rockhopper penguins (Eudyptes filholi) and erect-crested penguins (E. sclateri) on the Antipodes Islands from 22 October to 6 November 2011 and compared counts with historical censuses from 1978 to 1995. Presence or absence of colonies previously known to have existed was recorded and counts of all nests within colonies around the islands were undertaken. In total, 42 689 nests of both species were counted over 103 colonies. Of these, 86% of nests (2475 rockhopper and 34 226 erect-crested) were counted accurately from on land. Overall, 24 entire colonies have ceased to exist since 1978, and there was an estimated 23% decline in the number of penguin nests between 1995 and 2011. -
Weka Predation on Eggs and Chicks of Fiordland Crested Penguins
60 SHORT NOTES NOTORNIS 39 I thank the late G.W. Johnstone (Antarctic Division, Australia) for confirming the identification of the penguin from photographs, Robert Jones and Jeremy Smith for helping to measure and weigh the penguin and commenting on the manuscript, and Peter Dann for commenting on the manuscript. LITERATURE CITED MARCHANT, S.; HIGGINS, P. J. 1990. Handbook of Australian, New Zealand and Antarctic Birds. Vol.l(A). South Melbourne: Oxford University Press. NAPIER, R.B. 1968. Erect-crested and Rockhopper Penguins interbreeding in the Falkland Islands. Br. Antarct. Surv. Bull. 16.71-72. REILLY, P.N.; CULLEN J.M. 1982. The Little Penguin Eudyptula minor in Victoria. 111. Dispersal of chicks and survival after banding. Emu 82:137-142. TUCK, G. S.; HEINZEL, H. 1980. A Field Guide to the Seabirds of Australia and the World. London: Collins. WATSON, G.E. 1975. Birds of the Antarctic and Subantarctic. Washington D.C.: Amer. Geophys. Union. CLAIRE SPEEDIE c/o Max Downes, Wildlife Management Consultancy, Bridge Street, Foster, Victoria 3960, Australia Present address: Penguin Reserve Committee of Management, Phillip Island Penguin Reserve, PO Box 97, Cowes, Victoria 3922, Australia Weka predation on eggs and chicks of Fiordland Crested Penguins Between July and October 1989, we studied the breeding biology of Fiordland Crested Penguins (Eudyptes pachyrhymhus) on Taumaka, the larger of the Open Bay Islands (43O 52' S, 168O 53' E), 5 km west of Haast. The Fiordland Crested Penguin is the rarest of the six crested penguin species, . breeding only on the rugged coasts of South Westland and Fiordland, and on Solander and Stewart Islands and offshore islands. -
September 2014 Birds New Zealand
No. 3 September 2014 Birds New Zealand The Magazine of the Ornithological Society of New Zealand Birds New Zealand NO. 3 SEPTEMBER 2014 PUBLISHERS Published on behalf of the members of the 3 President’s Report 10 Migratory Shorebirds in Decline Ornithological Society of New Zealand (Inc), P.O. Box 834, Nelson 7040, New Zealand. Why are migratory shorebirds Email: [email protected] Treasurer’s Report 4 declining so rapidly and what Website: www.osnz.org.nz should we do about it? Edited by Nick Allen, 11 Seagrave Place, 6 Minutes of the 75th AGM Ilam, Christchurch 8041. 12 Results of Royal Spoonbill Phone (03) 358 5994, fax (03) 358 5997, 7 Putting a Cat Amongst Colony and Nest Census Email [email protected] the Wood Pigeons ISSN 2357-1586 (Print) ISSN 2357-1594 (Online) 13 Graham Turbott 8 Rodger Wasley We welcome advertising enquiries. Free 14 National Red-billed Gull Survey classified ads are available to members at the 9 NZ Bird Conference editor’s discretion. 15 Regional Roundup Articles for inclusion in Birds New Zealand are welcome in any form, though electronic is 18 Bird News preferred. Material should be related to birds, QUOTE birdwatchers, or ornithologists in the New Within a churchyard, on a recent grave, 19 Garden Bird Survey Results Zealand and Pacific region, and can include I saw a little cage news on birds, members, activities and bird That jailed a goldfinch. All was silence save study, literature/product reviews, letters to the Its hops from stage to stage. editor, birdwatching sites, and identification. -
Foraging Strategy Plasticity in Fiordland Penguins (Eudyptes Pachyrhynchus): a Stable Isotope Approach
Marshall University Marshall Digital Scholar Theses, Dissertations and Capstones 2020 FORAGING STRATEGY PLASTICITY IN FIORDLAND PENGUINS (EUDYPTES PACHYRHYNCHUS): A STABLE ISOTOPE APPROACH Jeffrey Wayne White [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://mds.marshall.edu/etd Part of the Animal Sciences Commons, Behavior and Ethology Commons, and the Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology Commons Recommended Citation White, Jeffrey Wayne, "FORAGING STRATEGY PLASTICITY IN FIORDLAND PENGUINS (EUDYPTES PACHYRHYNCHUS): A STABLE ISOTOPE APPROACH" (2020). Theses, Dissertations and Capstones. 1284. https://mds.marshall.edu/etd/1284 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by Marshall Digital Scholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses, Dissertations and Capstones by an authorized administrator of Marshall Digital Scholar. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. FORAGING STRATEGY PLASTICITY IN FIORDLAND PENGUINS (EUDYPTES PACHYRHYNCHUS): A STABLE ISOTOPE APPROACH A thesis submitted to the Graduate College of Marshall University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science In Biology by Jeffrey Wayne White Approved by Dr. Herman Mays, Committee Chairperson Dr. Anne Axel Dr. Jennifer Mosher Dr. John Hopkins III Marshall University May 2020 APPROVAL OF THESIS We, the faculty supervising the work of Jeffrey Wayne White, affirm that the thesis, Foraging strategy plasticity in Fiordland Penguins (Eudyptes pachyrhynchus): A stable isotope approach, meets the high academic standards for original scholarship and creative work established by the Biology Department and the College of Arts and Sciences. This work also conforms to the editorial standards of our discipline and the Graduate College of Marshall University. -
Classroomsecrets.Com
Penguins King Penguin Galapagos Penguin Penguins live in both hot and cold places in the This penguin species is the This penguin is the only Southern Hemisphere, the bottom half of the world, second largest. They have penguin to breed near the below the equator. They have wings but they can orange cheeks and look equator. They feed on not fly, so they use them as flippers. There are 17 similar to Emperor small fish like sardines. different species of penguin. penguins. King penguins do The Galapagos Penguin not make a nest, instead lays its eggs in crevices, All penguins forage for food in the sea. They have the female lays a single egg caves or a burrow to spines in their mouths to stop their prey (fish, squid which the male keeps warm protect them from getting and krill) from swimming away. in a pouch in his belly and too much heat from the balances it on his feet. sun. There are only 1000 Baby penguins are called chicks, born with very fluffy They live around the edges breeding pairs of these feathers and unable to go into the water until they of Antarctica and live on a penguins and so they are have grown their adult feathers. The parents hunt diet of mainly lanternfish at risk of extinction. for food, swallow it down and then bring it back up and squid. to feed to their chicks. Yellow-eyed Penguin Rockhopper Penguin Chinstrap Penguin This type of penguin can be There are three types of Chinstrap penguins have found in New Zealand and Rockhopper Penguin: Northern a black line across their has a band of yellow Rockhopper, Eastern cheeks that looks like a feathers on its head as well Rockhopper and Southern chinstrap. -
Sentinels of the Ocean the Science of the World’S Penguins
A scientific report from The Pew Charitable Trusts April 2015 Sentinels Of the Ocean The science of the world’s penguins Contents 1 Overview 1 Status of penguin populations 1 Penguin biology Species 3 22 The Southern Ocean 24 Threats to penguins Fisheries 24 Increasing forage fisheries 24 Bycatch 24 Mismatch 24 Climate change 25 Habitat degradation and changes in land use 25 Petroleum pollution 25 Guano harvest 26 Erosion and loss of native plants 26 Tourism 26 Predation 26 Invasive predators 26 Native predators 27 Disease and toxins 27 27 Protecting penguins Marine protected areas 27 Ecosystem-based management 29 Ocean zoning 29 Habitat protections on land 30 31 Conclusion 32 References This report was written for Pew by: Pablo García Borboroglu, Ph.D., president, Global Penguin Society P. Dee Boersma, Ph.D., director, Center for Penguins as Ocean Sentinels, University of Washington Caroline Cappello, Center for Penguins as Ocean Sentinels, University of Washington Pew’s environmental initiative Joshua S. Reichert, executive vice president Tom Wathen, vice president Environmental science division Becky Goldburg, Ph.D., director, environmental science Rachel Brittin, officer, communications Polita Glynn, director, Pew Marine Fellows Program Ben Shouse, senior associate Charlotte Hudson, director, Lenfest Ocean Program Anthony Rogers, senior associate Katie Matthews, Ph.D., manager Katy Sater, senior associate Angela Bednarek, Ph.D., manager Acknowledgments The authors wish to thank the many contributors to Penguins: Natural History and Conservation (University of Washington Press, 2013), upon whose scholarship this report is based. Used by permission of the University of Washington Press The environmental science team would like to thank Dee Boersma, Pablo “Popi” Borboroglu, and Caroline Cappello for sharing their knowledge of penguins by writing and preparing this report. -
Little Penguin Eudyptula Minor
WILDLIFE Little Penguin Eudyptula minor The scientific name of the little penguin (or little penguin) Eudyptula minor, is most descriptive. Not only is it the smallest of all penguins, but also the Greek word ‘Eudyptula’ means ‘good little diver’. This flightless seabird breeds in colonies along the southern coast of Australia, as far north as Port Stephens in the east to Fremantle in the west. Subspecies are also found in New Zealand. Very little is known about their populations. However, Tasmania estimates range from 110,000–190,000 breeding pairs of which less than 5% are found on mainland Tasmania. The most abundant populations are found on offshore islands. Adults weigh around 1kilogram and grow to a height of 40 cm with an average lifespan of 6 years. In one instance, an age of 21 years has been recorded. At sea The little penguin is superbly adapted to life at sea. Its streamlined shape and the efficient propulsion of its flippers (used underwater in a similar manner to that helps penguins avoid the attention of predatory birds of birds in the air) enables it to seek prey in shallow from above, seals and sharks from below and also short dives, frequently between the 10–30 m range means their prey may not detect them. Some little and very occasionally extending to 60 m. Its webbed penguins return consistently to their burrows year feet are excellent for manouvering on the surface round but most stay at sea throughout the autumn- and has claws for digging and climbing slippery rocks. winter period. -
New Zealand Comprehensive II 23Rd October – 8Th November 2017 Trip Report
New Zealand Comprehensive II 23rd October – 8th November 2017 Trip Report Gibson’s Wandering Albatross off Kaikoura by Erik Forsyth Trip Report compiled by Tour Leader Erik Forsyth Rockjumper Birding Tours View more tours to New Zealand Trip Report – RBL New Zealand - Comprehensive II 2017 2 Daily Diary New Zealand is a must for the serious seabird enthusiast. Not only will you see a variety of albatrosses, petrels and shearwaters, but there are multiple chances of getting out on the high seas and finding something unusual. Seabirds dominate this tour and views of most birds are right alongside the boat. There are also several land birds which are unique to these islands: the kiwis – terrestrial nocturnal inhabitants, the huge swamp-hen like Takahe – prehistoric in its looks and movements, and then the wattlebirds: the saddlebacks and kokako – poor flyers with short wings, which bound along the branches and on the ground. On this tour we had so many highlights, including close encounters with North Island, Southern Brown and Little Spotted Kiwis, walk-away views of a pair of North Island Kokako, both North and South Island Saddlebacks and a pair of the impressive South Island Takahe. With many boat trips the pelagic list was long, with Wandering, Northern and Southern Royal, Salvin’s, Black-browed, Campbell, White- capped and the scarce Grey-headed Albatrosses, Westland, Cook’s and White- chinned Petrels, Buller’s, Flesh-footed and Hutton’s Shearwaters, Common Diving New Zealand (Red-breasted) Plover by Erik Forsyth Petrel, and White-faced and the highly sought-after New Zealand Storm Petrels. -
Assessing the Impact of Human Disturbance on Penguins
ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF HUMAN DISTURBANCE ON PENGUINS URSULA ELLENBERG Photo: Hermann Ellenberg, Sandfly Bay, 2007 A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand January 2009 Meinen Eltern Gunde und Hermann Ellenberg Assessing the impact of human disturbance on penguins Abstract Nature conservation places great hopes on ecotourism, yet despite increasing pressure on the Earth’s last wild areas, there is insufficient knowledge about human disturbance impact, and hence, visitor management must often remain inadequate. Penguins are an important tourism attraction. Lack of overt behavioural responses to human proximity at breeding sites has led to the common public misconception that penguins would be little affected by human visitation. However, even a single one-off disturbance or a series of low-key disturbances can have far-reaching impacts that are often not immediately discernable to the people involved. I studied behavioural and physiological stress responses of three penguin species that according to anecdotal evidence respond very differently to human proximity. While behaviour could give an indication of the relative severity of a disturbance stimulus, measuring physiological responses was a more objective and powerful tool to quantify stress in all three species studied. As accumulating effects of human disturbance may affect breeding populations, I also monitored a range of reproductive parameters at sites that provided similar breeding habitat and overlapping foraging grounds yet were exposed to different levels of human visitation. Human disturbance can be interpreted as perceived predation risk. Similar to antipredator responses, reaction to disturbance stimuli can affect individual fitness via energetic and lost opportunity costs of risk avoidance. -
Order SPHENISCIFORMES: Penguins Family
D .W . .5 / DY a 5D t w[ { wt Ç"" " !W5 í ÇI &'(' / b ù b a L w 5 ! ) " í "* " Ç t+ t " h " * { b ù" t* /& //0/1 2 /30/4 Order SPHENISCIFORMES: Penguins The order Sphenisciformes is placed before Procellariiformes following numerous previous authors (e.g. Oliver 1930, 1955; Peters 1931; Checklist Committee 1953, 1970; Harrison 1983; Marchant & Higgins 1990; Howard & Moore 1991; del Hoyo et al. 1992; Christidis & Boles 1994) and in new research (e.g. Sibley & Ahlquist 1990; Sibley & Monroe 1990; McKitrick 1991; Paterson et al. 1993, 1995, 2000; Warham 1996: 481; Paterson & Gray 1997; Nunn & Stanley 1998; Livezey & Zusi 2001; van Tuinen et al. 2001; Kennedy & Page 2002; Livezey & Zusi 2007). However, Sphenisciformes was placed after Procellariiformes by Checklist Committee (1990), presumably following Mayr & Cottrell (1979). The reasons for the latter sequence were not adequately detailed by Mayr & Cottrell (1979: vi) who referred to Jollès et al. (1976) although the latter authors did not provide a justification for the new arrangement. Subsequent publications have provided no reason to change the traditional taxonomic order. Some authors consider Procellariiformes to be the likely ancestor of Sphenisciformes (e.g. Simpson 1971, 1975) but this is far from clear (e.g. Clarke et al. 2003, Davis & Renner 2003, Dyke & van Tuinen 2004, Ksepka et al. 2006). Family SPHENISCIDAE Bonaparte: Penguins Spheniscidae Bonaparte, 1831: Giornale Arcadico di Scienze, Lettere ed Arti 49: 62 – Type genus Spheniscus Brisson, 1760. Several subfamilies have been used in the past for fossil penguins but currently most authors use one family, Spheniscidae, for all penguins (e.g. -
Factors Affecting the Population Dynamics of Eastern Rockhopper Penguins (Eudyptes Chrysocome Filholi) on Campbell Island, New Zealand
Copyright is owned by the Author of the thesis. Permission is given for a copy to be downloaded by an individual for the purpose of research and private study only. The thesis may not be reproduced elsewhere without the permission of the Author. © Kyle W. Morrison 2015 1 Factors affecting the population dynamics of Eastern Rockhopper Penguins (Eudyptes chrysocome filholi) on Campbell Island, New Zealand A thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Ecology Massey University Palmerston North, New Zealand Kyle William Morrison 2015 2 Copyright is owned by the Author of the thesis. Permission is given for a copy to be downloaded by an individual for the purpose of research and private study only. The thesis may not be reproduced elsewhere without the permission of the Author. 3 ABSTRACT The population dynamics of seabirds may be influenced by ‘top-down’ predation effects, or from the ‘bottom-up’ by environmental limitations on food availability. Southern Rockhopper Penguin (Eudyptes chrysocome) populations have declined hugely at multiple sites across their circumpolar, sub-Antarctic range in recent decades, resulting in an extinction risk of ‘Vulnerable’. They are a small-bodied penguin, adapted to exploit seasonally abundant, pelagic prey by being migratory and having prolonged fasting periods onshore and foraging offshore during breeding. Mysteriously, like other Eudyptes penguins they lay an extremely dimorphic two-egg clutch in which the first-laid egg is smaller and less successful, and rarely fledge two chicks. The world’s largest population (c. 620,000 pairs) of the Eastern sub-species (E.