REPUBLIC OF ZAMBIA CENTRAL STATISTICAL OFFICE P.O. BOX 31908 LUSAKA, ZAMBIA. PHONE: 251377/251385/252575/251381/250195/253609/253578/253908 TEL/FAX: 252575/253578/253908/253468 1 THE LIVING CONDITIONS MONITORING SURVEY II (1998) ENUMERATOR'S INSTRUCTION MANUAL TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter Page I. Introduction 1 II. Listing Procedure 7 III.Enumeration 17 Section Section 1: Household roster 22 Section 2: Marital status and orphanhood 25 Section 3: Health 26 Section 4: Education 29 Section 5: Current Economic Activities 32 Section 6: Income 40 Section 7: Anthropometry 43 Section 8: Household Amenities & Housing Conditions 45 Section 9: Household Access to Facilities 47 Section 10: Household Assets 48 Section 11: Self Assessed Poverty & Household Coping Strategies 48 Section 12: Household Expenses 49 Section 13: Developmental Issues and Social Fund Impact 53 Section 14: Household Food Production 57 Section 15: Deaths in the Household 59 i IV APPENDICES Page Appendix I (Codes of Provinces and Districts) 60 Appendix II (List of Urban Areas & Townships by Province & District 62 Appendix III (List of Chiefs by district) 65 Appendix IV (Codes of Constituencies) 70 Appendix V (Cassava Conversion) 72 Appendix VI (How to measure weight and length/height of children) 73 Appendix VII (Occupation Codes) 75 Appendix VIII (Industry Codes) 100 Appendix IX (List of Health Facilities) 120 Appendix X (List of Income Generating Activities) 169 Appendix XI (List of Social and Economic Facilities) 170 ii CHAPTER I - INTRODUCTION 1.1 Purpose of the Survey The Living Conditions Monitoring Survey (LCMS) is intended to highlight and monitor the living conditions of the Zambian society. The survey will include a set of priority indicators on poverty and living conditions to be repeated regularly. The Living Conditions Monitoring surveys are built-upon the Priority surveys conducted in 1991 (PSI) and 1993 (PSII), by the Central Statistical Office. The LCMS has a normative point of departure, that is, describing the living conditions as good or bad, as improving or deteriorating and identifying those which require policy action. The survey will provide a basis on which to:- Monitor the impact of government policies and donor support on the well-being of the Zambian population. Monitor poverty in Zambia. Provide various users with a set of reliable socio-economic indicators against which to monitor development. However, the survey is not a fully fledged survey on any of the topics covered, it is concerned with information necessary to monitor living conditions. The following topics will be covered in the LCMS 1998:- Demography and migration Orphanhood Health Education Current economic activities Income Anthropometry Household amenities and housing conditions Household access to facilities Household assets Self-assessed poverty and household coping strategies Household expenditure Community developmental issues Household food production Deaths in the household 1 1.2 Coverage The survey will have a nationwide coverage on a sample basis. It will cover both rural and urban areas in all the nine provinces. The survey will also be able to provide data for each and every district in Zambia. Hence a very big sample size of about 18,000 households will be drawn. 1.3 Field questionnaires Two types of questionnaires will be used in the survey. These are:- 1. The Listing Booklet - to be used for listing all the households residing in the selected Standard Enumeration Areas (SEAs) 2. The Main questionnaire - to be used for collecting detailed information on all household members. 1.4 Duties of an enumerator Your main duties as an enumerator in the survey is to collect data on the listing form and main questionnaire which will later be handed over to your supervisor and subsequently to the Living Conditions Monitoring Unit through the provincial office. You will be assigned to a supervisor. Your supervisor will allocate you two work areas (SEAs). These areas have clearly identifiable boundaries. Your supervisor will show you around your SEA boundary so that you are familiar with it before you start your assignment. After you have been assigned your work areas and your SEA boundaries identified, you will then start your assignment by listing all the households residing in your work areas (SEAs), using the Listing Form. Thereafter, your supervisor will select a sample of households. You will then interview the selected households using the Main questionnaire. Details of how listing and interviewing is to be done are provided in subsequent chapters. Each enumerator will carry out his/her work in a Standard Enumeration Area (SEA). A team of enumerators will be led by a supervisor. Your supervisor will provide you with questionnaires and other materials and will be responsible for organizing your day-to-day survey activities. During your field work you must keep regular contact with your supervisor to enable him/her to make adjustments to the programs of your work. If necessary, you should also report any problems to him/her, such as any persons refusing to be interviewed. The quality of information to be derived from the data is dependent on what you collect from the respondents. Make sure that you record the information which is correct to the best knowledge of the respondents. The LCMS98 main questionnaire is very detailed and may require that you visit the household more than once in order to collect all the information required on the questionnaire. If the respondents 2 appear to be busy or ask you to come another time, then please make an appointment to complete the interview at an agreed date and time. You must record answers neatly and legibily (clearly). You must also keep your survey materials and equipment clean and in good order. You must always check your work before you hand over to your supervisor. This is known as editing. Editing entails:- (i) Checking your work for completeness. There should not be any ommissions. (ii) Checking your work for legibility. You should record answers in a clear format. The person entering the data in the computer and the person checking your work should be able to read your writing. (iii) Checking your work for consistency. There should be consistency between answers recorded in the various sections of the questionnaire. For example an own child of the head should not be older than the head. (iv) After checking your work and ensuring that it is error free, then handover your work to your supervisor. You should always write notes in the questionnaire (not in or around answer boxes but close enough to the answer) to explain perculiar or unusual situations or strange answers recorded for the purposes of your.supervisor and other persons checking your work and data entry operators to understand certain answers 3 1.5 Enumerator conduct As an enumerator you should always be polite and try to establish good relationships with all households you are dealing with and with local authorities within the area assigned to you. You should stimulate interest in the survey so that the best information possible is obtained from the respondents. You are not allowed to argue with respondents or rebuke them or enter into any political discussions with them. If a respondent leads you into a coversation outside your work then politely decline. If a respondent is hostile or not very cooperative with you, consult your supervisor who will solicit for cooperation from the respondent. You must also dress appropriately when collecting data from the various households. You should always be clean and dressed in a manner accepted by the community where you are operating from. 1.6 Equipment and materials Each enumerator will be provided with the following:- (a) Survey questionnaires (h) stickers (b) Pencils and erasers (i) Mother/baby weight scales (c) A pencil sharpener/razor blades (j) Length/height boards (d) A notebook (k) Writing board (e) A survey badge (i) Carrier bag (f) A map of your work area (m) Calendar of events (g) A letter of introduction (n) Kitchen and tubular scales The following survey materials should be returned to the Provincial Office immediately after the field work is completed:- (a) Questionnaires (both completed and unused) (b) Unused stickers (c) Maps (d) Survey badge (e) Mother/baby weighing scales (f) Length/height boards scales (g) Carrier bags (h) Writing boards (i) Kitchen and tubular 1.7 Legal powers and confidentiality This survey is being carried out under the provisions of the Census and Statistics Act, Chapter 425 of the Laws of Zambia. Comment All persons residing in Zambia except for foreign diplomats accredited to embassies and high commissions at the time of the survey are required by this act to provide the necessary information. However, willing cooperation of the people is most important for a successful survey. By the same Act, you are not permitted to show, disclose or discuss any information collected in the survey with anyone other than the survey officials. 4 Excluded Households from the Survey The definition of a household given, refers only to private households. Many people do not live in private households but in institutions such as schools, hospitals, prisons, army camps,etc. This survey will not list or enumerate persons/households living in hotels, motels, nurses hostels, government hostels, prisons, boarding schools, colleges and universities, army camps, national service camps and other such institutionalized places if they do not cook separately. Diplomats accredited to Embassies and High-Commissions will not be enumerated. However, persons such as doctors, wardens, managers of hostels, policemen, etc staying with or without their families within the premises of institutions in separate houses normally cooking separately, should be treated as private households and should be enumerated in the usual manner. Ordinary workers other than diplomats working in Embassies and High-Commissions will also be enumerated.