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Advanced Oxidation Processes for the Removal of Residual Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Pharmaceuticals from Aqueous Systems Ling Feng

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Advanced Oxidation Processes for the Removal of Residual Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Pharmaceuticals from Aqueous Systems Ling Feng Advanced oxidation processes for the removal of residual non-steroidal anti-inflammatory pharmaceuticals from aqueous systems Ling Feng To cite this version: Ling Feng. Advanced oxidation processes for the removal of residual non-steroidal anti-inflammatory pharmaceuticals from aqueous systems. Earth Sciences. Université Paris-Est; Università degli studi (Cassino, Italie), 2013. English. NNT : 2013PEST1109. tel-00952080 HAL Id: tel-00952080 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00952080 Submitted on 26 Feb 2014 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. ADVANCED OXIDATION PROCESSES FOR THE REMOVAL OF RESIDUAL NON-STEROIDAL ANTI- INFLAMMATORY PHARMACEUTICALS FROM AQUEOUS SYSTEMS Thesis Committee Thesis Promotor Prof. Mehmet Oturan Professor in electrochemistry University of Paris-Est Paris, France Thesis Co-Promotor Dr. G. Esposito, PhD, MSc Associate Professor of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering University of Cassino and Southern Lazio Cassino, Italy Dr. Hab. E.D. van Hullebusch, PhD, MSc Hab. Associate Professor in Biogeochemistry University of Paris-Est Paris, France Prof. dr. ir P.N.L. Lens Professor of Biotechnology UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education Delft, The Netherlands Other Members Prof. Gilles Guibaud Professor of Biotechnology University of Limoges Limoges, France Prof. Fetah I. Podvorica Professor of Physical Chemistry University of Prishtina Prishtina, Kosovo This research was conducted under the auspices of the Erasmus Mundus Joint Doctorate Environmental Technologies for Contaminated Solids, Soils, and Sediments (ETeCoS3) and University of Paris-Est. Joint PhD degree in Environmental Technology Docteur de l’Université Paris-Est Spécialité μ Science et Technique de l’Environnement Dottore di Ricerca in Tecnologie Ambientali Degree of Doctor in Environmental Technology Thèse – Tesi di Dottorato – PhD thesis Ling Feng Advanced oxidation processes for the removal of residual non-steroidal anti-inflammatory pharmaceuticals from aqueous systems To be defended December 2nd, 2013 In front of the PhD committee Prof. Gilles Guibaud Reviewer Prof. Fetah I Podvorica Reviewer Prof. Mehmet Oturan Promotor Prof. Giovanni Esposito Co-promotor Hab. Dr. Eric van Hullebusch Co-promotor Prof. Dr. Ir. Piet Lens Co-promotor Erasmus Joint doctorate programme in Environmental Technology for Contaminated Solids, Soils and Sediments (ETeCoS3) Dedication The thesis is dedicated to my parents. They give me the encouragements to study abroad and make me realize there are more important things in the world and never fear yourself from the uncertainty you created. All their encouragement and careness kept me working and enjoying this 3 years study. Acknowledgement I am so honored to have this opportunity to study in the Laboratoire Géomatériaux et Environnement under the grant agreement FPA no. 2010-0009 of Erasmus Mundus Joint Doctorate programme ETeCoS3 (Environmental Technologies for Contaminated Solids, Soils and Sediments). I am very grateful to my thesis advisor Mehmet Oturan for his insight, kind support, also with his guidance of my work and valuable suggestions and comments on my thesis and papers, thanks so much again for all your work and help. I am very thankful to my Co-supervisor Eric van Hullebusch, who puts a lot of effort to help me on starting the project, my paper writing, and endless concerns on my work during this three years study. I am grateful to Dr. Nihal Oturan and all the members in my lovely lab, thanks for all of you valuable suggestions, friendly welcome and nice working environment, which help me work happily and being more confident in the future work. My internship in the Florida State University with Dr. Michael J. Watts and University of South Florida with Dr. Daniel Yeh, and University of Cassino with Giovanni Esposito was very inspiring and fruitful. Only all you kindly and useful suggestions and warmly help makes me achieve the goals. Thanks for my parents who encourage me in all my university study, supporting me with all their love which make me stronger. Thanks to all the people I met during my three years study abroad, thanks for all your kindly help, support and suggestions, thanks again! i Abstract The thesis mainly focused on the implementation of advanced oxidation processes for the elimination of three non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs-ketoprofen, naproxen and piroxicam in waters. The three compounds are among the most used medicines, whose presence in waters poses a potential ecotoxicological risk. Due to the low pharmaceuticals removal efficiency of traditional wastwater treatement plants, worldwide concerns and calls are raised for efficient and eco-friendly technologies. Advanced oxidation processes, such as ozonation-biofiltration, electro-Fenton and anodic oxidation processes, which attracted a growing interest over the last two decades, could achieve almost complete destruction of the pollutants studied. Firstly, removal of selected pharmaceuticals from tap water was investigated by electrochemical advanced oxidation processes ―electro-Fenton‖ and ―anodic oxidation‖ with Pt or boron-doped diamond anode and carbon felt cathode at lab-scale. Removal rates and minieralization current efficencies under different operatioanl conditions were analysed. Meanwhile, intermediates produced during the mineralization were also identified, which helps to propose plausible oxidation pathway of each compound in presence of OH. Finally, the evolution of the global toxicity of treated solutions was monitored using Microtox method, based on the fluorescence inhibition of Vibrio fischeri bacteria. In the second part, the three nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory molecules added in organics-free or surface water were treated under varying ozone treatment regimes with the quite well established technology ozone/biofiltration. A bench-scale biological film was employed to determine the biodegradability of chemical intermediates formed in ozonized surface water. Identification of intermediates formed during the processes and bacterial toxicity monitoring were conducted to assess the pharmaceuticals degradation pathway and potential biological effects, respectively. Keywords: Advanced Oxidation Processes; Electro-Fenton; Anodic Oxidation; Ozonation; Biofiltration; Ketoprofen; Naproxen; Piroxicam. ii Résumé La thèse a porté principalement sur la mise en œuvre de procédés d'oxydation avancée permettant l'élimination de trois anti-inflammatoires non stéroïdiens, le kétoprofène, le naproxène et le piroxicam dans l’eau. Ces trois composés sont parmi les médicaments les plus utilisés, dont la présence dans les eaux naturelles présente potentiellement un risque toxicologique. En raison de la faible efficacité d'élimination des produits pharmaceutiques par les stations traditionnels de traitement des eaux usées, les scientifiques se sont mis à la recherche de technologies de traitements efficaces et respectueuses de l'environnement. Les procédés d'oxydation avancée, comme l'ozonation-biofiltration, l’électro-Fenton et l'oxydation anodique peuvent permettre d’atteindre la destruction presque complète des polluants étudiés et de ce fait ils ont suscité un intérêt grandissant au cours des deux dernières décennies. Tout d'abord, ce travail s’intéresse à l’élimination de certains produits pharmaceutiques dans des solutions synthétiques préparées dans l'eau de robinet à l’aide des procédés électro-Fenton et oxydation anodique dans une cellule électrochimique équipée d’une anode de platine ou de diamant dopé au bore et d’une cathode de feutre de carbone. Cette étude a été menée à l’échelle du laboratoire. Les vitesses d'élimination des molécules pharmaceutiques ainsi que le degré de minéralisation des solutions étudiées ont été déterminées sous différentes conditions opératoires. Pendant ce temps, les sous-produits de l’oxidation générés au cours de la minéralisation ont également été identifiés, ce qui nous a permis de proposer les voies d'oxydation possible pour chaque composé pharmaceutique en présence du radical hydroxyl OH. Enfin, l'évolution de la toxicité au cours des traitements a été suivie en utilisant la méthode Microtox, basée sur l'inhibition de la fluorescence des bactéries Vibrio fischeri. Dans la deuxième partie de ce travail de thèse, les trois anti-inflammatoires non stéroïdiens ont été ajoutés dans une eau déminéralisée ou dans une eau de surface. Ces eaux ont été traitées à l’aide de différentes doses d'ozone; puis le traitement à l’ozone à été combiné à un traitement biologique par biofiltration. Un biofilm biologique déposé à la surface d’un filtre de charbon actif a été utilisé pour déterminer la biodégradabilité des sous-produits d’oxydation formés dans les eaux de surface ozonée. L’identification des intermédiaires formés lors des processus de traitment et des contrôles de toxicité bactérienne ont été menées pour évaluer la voie de dégradation des produits pharmaceutiques et des effets biologiques potentiels, respectivement. iii Mots Clés: Procédés d’Oxydation Avancée; Electro-Fenton; Oxydation
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