Premature Deindustrialization Dani Rodrik
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Reflections How to Create More Inclusive Economies
Reflections How to Create More Inclusive Economies: An Interview with Dani Rodrik Fikret Adaman Dani Rodrik (1957) is a Turkish-American political economist and Ford Foundation Professor of International Political Economy at Harvard’s John F. Kennedy School of Government.1 Published widely in the areas of in- ternational economics, economic growth and development, and political economy, Rodrik is currently Co-Director of the Economics for Inclusive Prosperity Network and, among others, affiliated with International Eco- nomic Association, National Bureau of Economic Research and Center for Economic Policy Research. After graduating from Robert College in Istan- bul, he earned an AB (Summa cum Laude) from Harvard College. He then acquired an MPA in public affairs from Princeton University and a PhD in economics, with a thesis titled ‘Studies on the Welfare Theory of Trade and Exchange-rate Policy’. He has been the recipient of grants from presti- gious foundations, such as the Carnegie Corporation, Ford Foundation and Rockefeller Foundation. Among other honours, he was presented the Leon- tief Prize for Advancing the Frontiers of Economic Thought from the Global Development and Environment Institute, the inaugural Albert O. Hirschman Prize of the Social Science Research Council and the Princess of Asturias Award for Social Sciences. On 21 January 2020, Pope Francis named him a member of the Pontifical Academy of Social Sciences. His monthly columns on global affairs are published by Project Syndicate. FA: Let me start with a personal question. We know that after spending your childhood and youth in Istanbul, you came to Harvard to study engi- neering, but you changed your mind. -
India's Deindustrialization in the 18Th and 19Th Centuries
India’s Deindustrialization in the 18th and 19th Centuries by David Clingingsmith Jeffrey G. Williamson Harvard University August 2005 We are grateful for advice and criticism from Leah Platt Boustan, Greg Clark, Ron Findlay, Bishnupriya Gupta, Peter Harnetty, Debin Ma, Patrick O’Brien, Kevin O’Rourke, Şevket Pamuk, Leandro Prados, Ananth Seshadri, T. N. Srinivasan, Tirthanker Roy, Tony Venables, and participants in the Harvard Economic History Tea, the 5th World Cliometrics Conference (Venice: June 2004), and the Stockholm School of Economics (Stockholm: October 2004). We also thank Javier Cuenca Esteban and Bishnupriya Gupta for sharing their data. Clingingsmith acknowledges support from the Project on Justice, Welfare, and Economics at Harvard University. Williamson acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation SES-0001362, and the productive work environment in the University of Wisconsin–Madison Economics Department, where he was on leave from Harvard when much of this paper was written. Abstract India was a major player in the world export market for textiles in the early 18th century, but by the middle of the 19th century it had lost all of its export market and much of its domestic market. India underwent secular deindustrialization as a consequence. While India produced about 25 percent of world industrial output in 1750, this figure had fallen to only 2 percent by 1900. We ask how much of India’s deindustrialization was due to local supply-side influences, such as the political and economic fragmentation of the 18th century, and how much to world price shocks. We use an open, three-sector model to organize our thinking about the relative role played by domestic and foreign forces. -
The Great Divergence the Princeton Economic History
THE GREAT DIVERGENCE THE PRINCETON ECONOMIC HISTORY OF THE WESTERN WORLD Joel Mokyr, Editor Growth in a Traditional Society: The French Countryside, 1450–1815, by Philip T. Hoffman The Vanishing Irish: Households, Migration, and the Rural Economy in Ireland, 1850–1914, by Timothy W. Guinnane Black ’47 and Beyond: The Great Irish Famine in History, Economy, and Memory, by Cormac k Gráda The Great Divergence: China, Europe, and the Making of the Modern World Economy, by Kenneth Pomeranz THE GREAT DIVERGENCE CHINA, EUROPE, AND THE MAKING OF THE MODERN WORLD ECONOMY Kenneth Pomeranz PRINCETON UNIVERSITY PRESS PRINCETON AND OXFORD COPYRIGHT 2000 BY PRINCETON UNIVERSITY PRESS PUBLISHED BY PRINCETON UNIVERSITY PRESS, 41 WILLIAM STREET, PRINCETON, NEW JERSEY 08540 IN THE UNITED KINGDOM: PRINCETON UNIVERSITY PRESS, 3 MARKET PLACE, WOODSTOCK, OXFORDSHIRE OX20 1SY ALL RIGHTS RESERVED LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOGING-IN-PUBLICATION DATA POMERANZ, KENNETH THE GREAT DIVERGENCE : CHINA, EUROPE, AND THE MAKING OF THE MODERN WORLD ECONOMY / KENNETH POMERANZ. P. CM. — (THE PRINCETON ECONOMIC HISTORY OF THE WESTERN WORLD) INCLUDES BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES AND INDEX. ISBN 0-691-00543-5 (CL : ALK. PAPER) 1. EUROPE—ECONOMIC CONDITIONS—18TH CENTURY. 2. EUROPE—ECONOMIC CONDITIONS—19TH CENTURY. 3. CHINA— ECONOMIC CONDITIONS—1644–1912. 4. ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT—HISTORY. 5. COMPARATIVE ECONOMICS. I. TITLE. II. SERIES. HC240.P5965 2000 337—DC21 99-27681 THIS BOOK HAS BEEN COMPOSED IN TIMES ROMAN THE PAPER USED IN THIS PUBLICATION MEETS THE MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS OF ANSI/NISO Z39.48-1992 (R1997) (PERMANENCE OF PAPER) WWW.PUP.PRINCETON.EDU PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 3579108642 Disclaimer: Some images in the original version of this book are not available for inclusion in the eBook. -
Deindustrialization in Cities of the Global South
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by White Rose Research Online This is a repository copy of Deindustrialization in cities of the global south. White Rose Research Online URL for this paper: http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/160159/ Version: Published Version Article: Schindler, S., Gillespie, T., Banks, N. et al. (4 more authors) (2020) Deindustrialization in cities of the global south. Area Development and Policy. pp. 1-22. ISSN 2379-2949 https://doi.org/10.1080/23792949.2020.1725393 Reuse This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) licence. This licence allows you to distribute, remix, tweak, and build upon the work, even commercially, as long as you credit the authors for the original work. More information and the full terms of the licence here: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/ Takedown If you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by emailing [email protected] including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request. [email protected] https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/ Area Development and Policy ISSN: 2379-2949 (Print) 2379-2957 (Online) Journal homepage: https://www.tandfonline.com/loi/rard20 Deindustrialization in cities of the Global South Seth Schindler, Tom Gillespie, Nicola Banks, Mustafa Kemal Bayırbağ, Himanshu Burte, J. Miguel Kanai & Neha Sami To cite this article: Seth Schindler, Tom Gillespie, Nicola Banks, Mustafa Kemal Bayırbağ, Himanshu Burte, J. Miguel Kanai & Neha Sami (2020): Deindustrialization in cities of the Global South, Area Development and Policy, DOI: 10.1080/23792949.2020.1725393 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/23792949.2020.1725393 © 2020 The Author(s). -
New Technologies, Global Value Chains, and the Developing Economies
New Technologies, Global Value Chains, and the Developing Economies Background Paper Dani Rodrik Dani Rodrik Harvard University Background Paper 1 September 2018 The Pathways for Prosperity Commission on Technology and Inclusive Development is proud to work with a talented and diverse group of commissioners who are global leaders from government, the private sector and academia. Hosted and managed by Oxford University’s Blavatnik School of Government, the Commission collaborates with international development partners, developing country governments, private sector leaders, emerging entrepreneurs and civil society. It aims to catalyse new conversations and to encourage the co-design of country-level solutions aimed at making frontier technologies work for the benefi t of the world’s poorest and most marginalised men and women. This paper is part of a series of background papers on technological change and inclusive development, bringing together evidence, ideas and research to feed into the commission’s thinking. The views and positions expressed in this paper are those of the author and do not represent the commission. Citation: Rodrik, D. 2018. New Technologies, Global Value Chains, and the Developing Economies. Pathways for Prosperity Commission Background Paper Series; no. 1. Oxford. United Kingdom www.pathwayscommission.bsg.ox.ac.uk @P4PCommission #PathwaysCommission Cover image © donvictorio/Shutterstock.com Table of contents Table of contents 1 1. Introduction 2 2. GVCs, trade, and disappointing impacts 3 3. GVCs, skills and complementarity 6 4. Technology and shifts in comparative advantage 8 5. Can services be the new escalator? 12 6. Concluding remarks 14 7. References 16 8. Figures 18 1 1. Introduction Do new technologies present an opportunity or a threat to developing economies? For the optimists, the knowledge economy, artificial intelligence, and advances in robotics represent a historical chance for developing economies to leapfrog to a more advanced-economy status. -
Preventing Deglobalization: an Economic and Security Argument for Free Trade and Investment in ICT Sponsors
Preventing Deglobalization: An Economic and Security Argument for Free Trade and Investment in ICT Sponsors U.S. CHAMBER OF COMMERCE FOUNDATION U.S. CHAMBER OF COMMERCE CENTER FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY & INNOVATION Contributing Authors The U.S. Chamber of Commerce is the world’s largest business federation representing the interests of more than 3 million businesses of all sizes, sectors, and regions, as well as state and local chambers and industry associations. Copyright © 2016 by the United States Chamber of Commerce. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form—print, electronic, or otherwise—without the express written permission of the publisher. Table of Contents Executive Summary ............................................................................................................. 6 Part I: Risks of Balkanizing the ICT Industry Through Law and Regulation ........................................................................................ 11 A. Introduction ................................................................................................. 11 B. China ........................................................................................................... 14 1. Chinese Industrial Policy and the ICT Sector .................................. 14 a) “Informatizing” China’s Economy and Society: Early Efforts ...... 15 b) Bolstering Domestic ICT Capabilities in the 12th Five-Year Period and Beyond ................................................. 16 (1) 12th Five-Year -
LETTER to G20, IMF, WORLD BANK, REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT BANKS and NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS
LETTER TO G20, IMF, WORLD BANK, REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT BANKS and NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS We write to call for urgent action to address the global education emergency triggered by Covid-19. With over 1 billion children still out of school because of the lockdown, there is now a real and present danger that the public health crisis will create a COVID generation who lose out on schooling and whose opportunities are permanently damaged. While the more fortunate have had access to alternatives, the world’s poorest children have been locked out of learning, denied internet access, and with the loss of free school meals - once a lifeline for 300 million boys and girls – hunger has grown. An immediate concern, as we bring the lockdown to an end, is the fate of an estimated 30 million children who according to UNESCO may never return to school. For these, the world’s least advantaged children, education is often the only escape from poverty - a route that is in danger of closing. Many of these children are adolescent girls for whom being in school is the best defence against forced marriage and the best hope for a life of expanded opportunity. Many more are young children who risk being forced into exploitative and dangerous labour. And because education is linked to progress in virtually every area of human development – from child survival to maternal health, gender equality, job creation and inclusive economic growth – the education emergency will undermine the prospects for achieving all our 2030 Sustainable Development Goals and potentially set back progress on gender equity by years. -
Redefining the Role of the State: Joseph Stiglitz on Building A
Redefining the Role of the State Joseph Stiglitz on building a ‘post-Washington consensus’ An interview with introduction by Brian Snowdon ‘Economic ideas—knowledge about economics—have had a profound effect on the lives of billions of people, making it absolutely essential that we do our best to try and understand the scientific basis of our theories and evidence…In practice, however, there are often large differences in the understanding of or about economic issues. The purpose of economic science is to narrow these dif- ferences by subjecting the positions and beliefs to rigorous analysis, statistical tests, and vigorous debate’. (Joseph Stiglitz, 1998a) Introduction Joseph Stiglitz is a remarkably productive economist and is internation- ally recognised as one of the world’s leading thinkers. To date, in his 35- year career as a professional economist (1966–2001), Professor Stiglitz has published well over three hundred papers in academic journals, con- ference proceedings and edited volumes. He is also the author and edi- tor of numerous books. In 1966, having completed his PhD at MIT, he embarked on an academic career during which he has taught and con- ducted research at many of the world’s most prestigious universities including MIT, Yale, Oxford, Princeton and Stanford. In 1979 he was awarded the prestigious John Bates Clark Medal from the American Economic Association, an award given to the most distinguished economist under the age of forty. From 1993–97 Professor Stiglitz was a member of the US President’s Council of Economic Advisors, becoming Chair of the CEA in June 1995. From February 1997 until his Joseph Stiglitz is currently (since July 2001) Professor of Economics, Business and International Affairs at Columbia University, New York. -
Michigan State Presentation
Restoring Prosperity The State Role in Revitalizing America’s Older Industrial Cities I What is the Restoring Prosperity Initiative? II What are the findings of the report? How can states restore prosperity to older III industrial cities? The Restoring Prosperity Initiative has developed an empirically-based inventory of struggling older industrial cities by josephpetepickle Cleveland by compujeramey Milwaukee Based on this research, the Initiative proposes a policy agenda for revitalizing older industrial cities Hartford by ChadBriggs Detroit In the coming months and years, we will help to organize a network of state and local reformers in target states to advance this agenda The Restoring Prosperity report, the initiative’s first major product, advances three primary messages Given their assets, the moment is ripe for the revival of older industrial urban economies Cleveland States have an essential role to play in the revitalization of older industrial cities, but they need a new urban agenda for change Providence The overall benefits of city revitalization—for families, for suburbs, for the environment, and ultimately for states—are potentially enormous I What is the Restoring Prosperity Initiative? II What are the findings of the report? How can states restore prosperity to older III industrial cities? I What are the findings of the report? We have identified 65 cities in 24 states that are underperforming economically Several forces are contributing to the underperformance of these cities But, the moment is right for change Based -
Nine Lives of Neoliberalism
A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics Plehwe, Dieter (Ed.); Slobodian, Quinn (Ed.); Mirowski, Philip (Ed.) Book — Published Version Nine Lives of Neoliberalism Provided in Cooperation with: WZB Berlin Social Science Center Suggested Citation: Plehwe, Dieter (Ed.); Slobodian, Quinn (Ed.); Mirowski, Philip (Ed.) (2020) : Nine Lives of Neoliberalism, ISBN 978-1-78873-255-0, Verso, London, New York, NY, https://www.versobooks.com/books/3075-nine-lives-of-neoliberalism This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/215796 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle You are not to copy documents for public or commercial Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, If the documents have been made available under an Open gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort Content Licence (especially Creative -
Globalization for Whom?
F O R U M GlobalizationGlobalization forfor Whom?Whom? Globalization has brought little than under communism. East Asian but good news to those with the products, economies such as South Korea, Thai- skills, and resources to market worldwide. land, and Malaysia, which had been But does it also work for the world’s poor? hailed previously as “miracles,” were dealt a That is the central question around which humiliating blow in the financial crisis of the debate over globalization—in essence, Time to change 1997. That this was also the decade in which free trade and free flows of capital—revolves. globalization came into full swing is more Antiglobalization protesters may have had the rules—and focus than a minor inconvenience for its advo- only limited success in blocking world trade cates. If globalization is such a boon for negotiations or disrupting the meetings of on poor workers poor countries, why so many setbacks? the International Monetary Fund (IMF), but Globalizers deploy two counter-argu- they have irrevocably altered the terms of ments against such complaints. One is that the debate. Poverty is now the defining issue by DANI RODRIK global poverty has actually decreased. The for both sides. The captains of the world reason is simple: while most countries have economy have conceded that progress in in- seen lower income growth, the world’s ternational trade and finance has to be measured against the yard- two largest countries, China and India, have had the opposite ex- sticks of poverty alleviation and sustainable development. perience. (Economic growth tends to be highly correlated with For most of the world’s developing countries, the 1990s were a poverty reduction.) China’s growth since the late 1970s—averag- decade of frustration and disappointment. -
Populism and the Economics of Globalization
Journal of International Business Policy (2018) ª 2018 Academy of International Business All rights reserved 2522-0691/18 www.jibp.net Populism and the economics of globalization Dani Rodrik Abstract Populism may seem like it has come out of nowhere, but it has been on the rise John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard for a while. I argue that economic history and economic theory both provide University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA ample grounds for anticipating that advanced stages of economic globalization would produce a political backlash. While the backlash may have been Correspondence: predictable, the specific form it took was less so. I distinguish between left-wing D Rodrik, John F. Kennedy School of and right-wing variants of populism, which differ with respect to the societal Government, Harvard University, cleavages that populist politicians highlight. The first has been predominant in Cambridge, MA 02138, USA Latin America, and the second in Europe. I argue that these different reactions e-mail: [email protected] are related to the relative salience of different types of globalization shocks. Journal of International Business Policy (2018). https://doi.org/10.1057/s42214-018-0001-4 Keywords: populism; globalization; Latin America; Europe INTRODUCTION ‘‘Populism’’ is a loose label that encompasses a diverse set of movements. The term originates from the late nineteenth century, when a coalition of farmers, workers, and miners in the US rallied against the Gold Standard and the Northeastern banking and finance establishment. Latin America has a long tradition of populism going back to the 1930s, and exemplified by Peronism. Today populism spans a wide gamut of political movements, including anti-euro and anti-immigrant parties in Europe, and Syriza and Podemos in Greece and Spain, respectively, Trump’s antitrade nativism in the US, the economic populism of Chavez in Latin America, and many others in between.