Southland Protection Strategy
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SOUTHLAND PROTECTION STRATEGY A REPORT TO THE NATURE HERITAGE FUND COMMITTEE M.A. Harding Southland Protection Strategy Published by the Nature Heritage Fund PO Box 10-420 Wellington May 1999 ISBN CONTENTS 1.0 Introduction .............................................................................................. 1 2.0 Methodology ............................................................................................. 2 2.1 Describing the indigenous ecosystems in Southland .................... 3 2.2 Estimating the original and present extent of ecosystems ............ 5 2.3 Estimating the adequacy of protection .......................................... 6 3.0 Indigenous ecosystems in Southland ...................................................... 7 4.0 Analysis of the indigenous ecosystems by ecological district ............... 9 Aspiring Ecological Region Dart ED (51.07) .......................................................................... 11 Central Otago Ecological Region Old Man ED (67.05) ................................................................... 12 Lammerlaw Ecological Region Tapanui ED (68.03) .................................................................... 14 Catlins Ecological Region Waipahi ED (70.01) .................................................................... 16 Tahakopa ED (70.02) .................................................................. 19 Olivine Ecological Region Pyke ED (71.02).......................................................................... 23 Fiord Ecological Region Darran ED (72.01) ...................................................................... 24 Doubtful ED (72.02) ................................................................... 25 Te Anau ED (72.03) .................................................................... 26 Preservation ED (72.04) .............................................................. 28 Mavora Ecological Region Livingstone ED (73.01) .............................................................. 29 Eyre ED (73.02) .......................................................................... 31 Upukerora ED (73.03) ................................................................ 33 Waikaia Ecological Region Nokomai ED (74.01) ................................................................... 36 Umbrella ED (74.02) .................................................................. 39 Gore Ecological Region Gore ED (75.01).......................................................................... 42 Southland Hills Ecological Region Takitimu ED (76.01) ................................................................... 44 Taringatura ED (76.02) ............................................................... 46 Hokonui ED (76.03).................................................................... 49 Te Wae Wae Ecological Region Waitutu ED (77.01) ..................................................................... 52 Tuatapere ED (77.02) .................................................................. 54 Longwood ED (77.03) ................................................................ 56 Makarewa Ecological Region Southland Plains ED (78.01) ....................................................... 59 Waituna ED (78.02) .................................................................... 63 Rakiura Ecological Region Foveaux ED (79.01) .................................................................... 66 Anglem ED (79.02) ..................................................................... 69 Freshwater ED (79.03) ................................................................ 71 Mt Allen ED (79.04) ................................................................... 73 5.0 Analysis of indigenous ecosystems by ecosystem type ........................ 75 5.1 Analysis by ecosystem type ........................................................ 77 5.2 Relative proportions of original ecosystems protected ............... 90 5.3 Relative proportions of the original ecosystems remaining ........ 92 5.4 Relative proportions of the remaining ecosystems protected ..... 94 6.0 Strategy for ecosystem protection ........................................................ 96 6.1 CMS for Mainland Southland - West Otago ............................... 97 6.2 The strategy of the Nature Heritage Fund ................................. 101 6.3 Suggested criteria for assessing protection proposals ............... 103 6.4 A protection strategy for the Southland Conservancy .............. 107 References cited ................................................................................................. 110 Scientific names of species cited by common name in the text ......................... 113 Figures 1 Example of table used to illustrate data in Section 4 ................................. 5 2 Ecosystem types ......................................................................................... 8 3 Map: Conservancy boundary and Ecological Districts ............................ 10 4 Ecosystem types and subgroups .............................................................. 76 5 Relative proportions of the original ecosystems protected ...................... 90 6 Relative proportions of the original ecosystems remaining ..................... 92 7 Relative proportions of the remaining ecosystems protected .................. 94 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The preparation of this strategy was guided by Allan McKenzie (Manager, Forest Funds), members of the Nature Heritage Fund Committee (Di Lucas, Dr Gerry McSweeney, Jim Pottinger, and Dr John Wardle), and staff of the Department of Conservation, Invercargill. Many people willingly provided information, advice, and assistance during the preparation of this document. Deserving special thanks are (in alphabetical order): Craig Carson (Royal Forest and Bird Protection Society), Lindsay Chadderton, Wynston Cooper, Eric Edwards, Philip Lissaman (Queen Elizabeth II National Trust, Wellington), Matt McGlone (Landcare Research Ltd), Alan Mark (University of Otago), Gaye Munro (Queen Elizabeth II National Trust, Southland), Dave Newey, Colin Pemberton, Brian Rance, Chris Rance, Andy Roberts, Lou Sanson, Neil Simpson (Queenstown), Mark Sutton (Southland Fish and Game Council), Carol West, Deanne White, and Dave Wilson. Di Lucas, Brian Rance, and Eric Edwards provided important comments on earlier drafts of the document. ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THIS REPORT a.s.l. ................... above sea level CMS .................. Conservation Management Strategy DoC ................... Department of Conservation ED ...................... Ecological District NHF ................... Nature Heritage Fund ha ....................... hectares HRS ................... High Regional Significance (Catlins area) ICC .................... Invercargill City Council m ........................ metres PAP .................... Priority Area for Protection (Old Man ED) PNAP ................. Protected Natural Areas Programme QEII ................... Queen Elizabeth II National Trust RAP ................... Recommended Area for Protection SILNA ............... South Island Landless Natives Act SRC ................... Southland Regional Council UCL ................... Unoccupied Crown Land 1 1.0 INTRODUCTION This report has been prepared to assist the Nature Heritage Fund with the assessment of priorities for further protection or restoration of indigenous ecosystems in Southland. It covers all major terrestrial indigenous ecosystems that were originally present in Mainland Southland and Stewart Island/Rakiura. The area covered by this report includes the extensive forested mountains and alpine areas of Fiordland; the high country forests, tussocklands, and alpine communities of northern Southland and West Otago; the remnant forests of the Longwood Range, Takitimu Mountains, Hokonui Hills, and the western Catlins; the extensively modified lowland and montane ecosystems of central Southland and the Southland Plains; the Waiau Valley; the fragmented forests, shrublands, wetlands, and sandfields of the South Coast; and, the forests and shrublands of Stewart Island/Rakiura. This area lies within the rohe of Ngai Tahu and within the Southland Conservancy of the Department of Conservation. This report assesses the original extent of terrestrial indigenous ecosystems in the Southland Conservancy, the present extent of those ecosystems, and the extent to which they are protected. It identifies opportunities for further protection or restoration of indigenous ecosystems, and identifies relative priorities for the protection of representative ecosystems. The report also proposes a strategy for the protection of ecosystems, based on the Nature Heritage Fund’s national strategy and the Department of Conservation’s Conservation Management Strategy for Mainland Southland - West Otago. The ultimate objective of this strategy is to assist in the establishment of a representative and sustainable protected natural areas system in the Southland Conservancy. Important Note The information presented in this report is largely based on estimates derived from published papers, topographical maps, and discussions with Department of Conservation staff and other specialists. These data must be regarded as estimates, and the subsequent analysis interpreted with this limitation in mind. The methodology used to make these estimates is outlined in section 2.0 of this report. 2 2.0 METHODOLOGY The primary purpose of this report is to determine the priorities for further