VOL. XXIX No. 9 September 2017 Rs. 20.00 Ambassador Luo Zhaohui met with Mr. Lal Krishna Ambassador Luo Zhaohui and his wife Counselor Jiang Advani, an Indian politician and senior leader of the BJP. Yili hold a book launch ceremony for Mr. Sarin who is the author of 's Agriculture and Political Economy.

Ambassador Luo Zhaohui met with Dr. Tang Qian, Ambassador Luo Zhaohui met with Mr. Li Xiaosan, Assistant-Director General for Education of UNESCO. member of the CPC Yunnan Provincial Standing Committee, Director of the Organization Department of CPC Yunnan Provincial Committee.

Ambassador Luo Zhaohui received Interview with Counselor Jiang Yili met with Mr. Malik, a famous Indian . movie star. Special Report - 68th Anniversary of the People’s Republic of China

1. China’s “All-round Well-off Society” an Inspiration for Whole World 4 2. New Force Behind China’s Shifting Economic Landscape 8 3. China Concentrates on Sci-tech Innovation 11 4. Belt and Road Golden Chance for Global Growth 14 5. China’s Railways on Track to Future 16 6. China’s Jumbo Jet Sets Course for Global Skies 20 7. National Parks Drive China’s Green Development 22

BRICS 2017

1. Ninth BRICS Summit Opens Chairs the Summit and Delivers 24 Important Speech Stressing Stronger BRICS Partnership for a Brighter Future 2. Full Text of President Xi’s Remarks at Plenary Session of BRICS Summit 27 3. Full Text of President Xi’s Speech at Opening Ceremony of BRICS Business Forum 30 4. Xi Jinping Attends Dialogue Between Leaders of BRICS Countries and BRICS Business 35 Council and Opening Ceremony of the BRICS Cultural Festival and Photo Exhibition 5. Xi Jinping and Peng Liyuan Welcome Leaders and Their Spouses, Guests from BRICS and 38 Countries Invited by Dialogue Between Economies and Developing Countries 6. Xi Jinping Chairs Dialogue of Emerging Market and Developing Countries and Delivers 40 Important Speech 7. Xi Jinping Meets with Chinese and Foreign Journalists 43

External Affairs

1. Xi Jinping Meets with President of 45 2. Xi Jinping Holds Talks with President Emomali Rahmon of 47 3. Xi Jinping Holds Talks with President of 49 4. Xi Jinping Meets with President Jacob Zuma of 50 5. Xi Jinping Holds Talks with Haji Hassanal of 52 6. Meets with Nepalese Guest 54

China- Relations

1. Xi Jinping Meets with Prime Minister of India 55 2. : Make Sure China-India Relations not Derail, Confront or Go out of Control, 57 and Promote Himalayan Region to Be New Highland for Asia’s Development 3. Stay True to the Mission and Keep Moving Forward 58 4. Remarks by Ambassador Luo Zhaohui on the Launching Ceremony of the Book Titled 59 China’s Agriculture and Political Economy 5. BRICS Summit in Xiamen Brings China, India Closer 60 6. China-India Cooperation Helps Promote Open Global Trade, Counter Protectionism 62 7. Interview: Indian Scholar Believes India, China can Cooperate in Various Fields 63

Culture & Life

1. Cashless Trend Takes Hold in China 65 2. Old Meets New on ’s Historic Axis 66 3. Booming Children’s Education Market in China 68

1. High-level Tibetan Buddhism College of China Celebrates 30th Anniversary 70 2. Hoh Xil Launches Environment Protection Reform 71

Book Review - Seeing the Real China in the Economic Perspective 73 CRI-CIBN 74 Special Report - 68th Anniversary of the People’s Republic of China

Special Report - 68th Anniversary of the People’s Republic of China CHINA’S “ALL-ROUND WELL-OFF SOCIETY” AN INSPIRATION FOR WHOLE WORLD by Guo Likun, Yang Hongtao, Xu Xiaoqing (China Features)

Long Tianbao, a 44-year-old Baiwang village, Rongjiang county, with high expenditure level?” he said peasant in Guizhou, one of China’s had no idea what to expect when the poorest provinces, did not expected government relocated his entire After much deliberation, Long three kilograms of rice to change his village to the county seat, 25 and his wife decided to take three family’s fate. kilometers away. kilograms of rice to their new destination. Having his home village nestled “With no education background deeply in the inhospitable Moon and only strength, can I find a job? “If we find a job before we have mountain, Long, an ethnic Miao in How can I make ends meet in a town eaten the rice, we will stay; if not, we

4 News From China September 2017 Special Report - 68th Anniversary of the People’s Republic of China

will go back to the mountain and income double those of 2010 by since, accounting for over 70 percent never move out,” he said. 2020. of global poverty reduction.

They both found a job in a brick The baseline task is to lift all These figures prompted The company the next day. people out of poverty. Economist to describe China as the “hero of the world’s poverty- Now, they have an apartment This entails improving the reduction efforts.” only three kilometers from their wellbeing of 43.35 million people company, earn more than 6,000 yuan living below the national poverty line With 700 million people still (900 U.S. dollars) a month, roughly of 2,300 yuan in annual income at struggling with poverty worldwide, equivalent to their annual household 2010 prices. half in sub-Saharan Africa and one- income in the past, and two children third in South Asia, more countries trained to be a teacher and a doctor. If the tasks are completed on are turning to China for inspiration. time, China will meet the United Long, who had never ridden a Nations goal of wiping out poverty in THE FINAL BUT PUSH bike before, has learnt to drive a all its forms 10 years ahead of the forklift, ride a motorbike and got a 2030 deadline. In past decades, China has built license for electrical welding. highways, railroads and ports, China had 770 million poor networks for electricity and water China is closing in on its residents in rural areas, or 97.5 access, and ever y possible ambitious goal of achieving an “all- percent of the rural population, when infrastructure to connect every round well-off society,” or a it started the reform and opening-up possible place in the country, bringing moderately prosperous society in all drive more than 30 years ago. Over vast numbers of people out of respects, with GDP and per capita 700 million have shaken off poverty poverty.

News From China September 2017 5 Special Report - 68th Anniversary of the People’s Republic of China

For places like Baiwang village, “Poverty reduction, like so many considered impoverished, and which are locked in mountains with important endeavors, is subject to the concentrated efforts accordingly. arid land, a fragile environment and law of diminishing returns,” she said. frequent natural disasters, traditional When poverty was widespread relief methods failed. The people who benefit first are and the income gap was small, such a most likely those who were best one-size-fits-all approach worked Relocation has proved to be equipped to do so, owing to, say, their wonders. effective, ensuring every household a background or geography. By the time 50-square-meter apartment, access to there are only a few - or even a few I n 2 0 1 4 , h o w e v e r , t h e tailored training and at least one million - left, one can expect reaching government mobilized more than family member employed. them to be much harder, Ryder said. 800,000 people to put every poor individual on file, while identifying Poverty in Baiwang has reduced Answering such problems, China the causes of their poverty and needs to 4.8 percent from 68.9 percent. is seeking to reform and diversify its to rid of it. poverty relief tactics. To speed up eradication of Nearly 2 million people were extreme poverty, Guizhou has singled The Chinese leadership has organized between August 2015 and out 7,654 villages, each with no more underlined high precision in its final June 2016 to make sure those who than 50 households and poverty over poverty eradication push. This means were really poor were included on the 50 percent, to be relocated by 2020. poverty alleviation must focus on database, according to the State individuals, and use the right tools to Council Leading Group Office of Hannah Ryder, a former head of ensure resources trickle down to the P o v e r t y A l l e v i a t i o n a n d policy and partnerships for the United poorest in the most effective way. Development. Nations Development Programme in China, has warned of significant costs China used to rely on sampling As a result, apart from a multi- as China enters the most difficult surveys to determine which villages or year timetable to wipe out poverty, phase of poverty alleviation. even counties could be legitimately the Chinese government also created

6 News From China September 2017 Special Report - 68th Anniversary of the People’s Republic of China different policies for different regions “Achieving an all-round well-off CHINA RECIPE based on their own conditions, such as society is not a game of figures or developing business, relocation, speed,” Chinese President Xi Jinping In April this year, Mark van den compensating peasants in ecologically told officials late last year. Boogaard, a senior policy adviser for fragile areas, enhancing education and the UNDP, and Javier Miranda, improving social security. At a high-profile workshop in late president of Broad Front in Uruguay, , Xi identified three battles that visited mountainous areas in Yunnan “SHORT PLANK” MATTERS must be won to ensure the goal is Province to get a flavor of China’s achieved on schedule: preventing and targeted poverty relief practice. In a rare recent case, China defusing major risks, precision in announced the punishment of 23 poverty eradication, and pollution Mark van den Boogaard was local officials in July, including the vice prevention and control. i m p r e s s e d b y t h e C P C ’s governor of Gansu Province, who comprehensive guidance and the were held accountable for failure to “While maintaining medium to joint efforts of society in poverty p r e v e n t a n d i n v e s t i g a t e high economic g rowth, the alleviation. environmental violations in the Qilian Communist Party of China (CPC) Mountains national nature reserve. also moves to improve people’s “From what we have seen in the quality of life, which may include north of Yunnan, under the More Chinese officials will face fewer hazy days, cleaner rivers, leadership of the CPC, the Chinese environmental impact audits of their affordable apartments and a better authorities are clearly on the right work, according to a new reform social welfare safety net,” said Xin track,” he said. endorsed on June 26, which says Ming, professor with the Party School negative environmental impact will be of the CPC Central Committee. Many believe China’s ability to marked on officials, even after they coordinate nationwide efforts to leave their posts, thus affecting future “A moderately prosperous combat poverty, lies in its socialist promotions. society in the world’s most populous system with Chinese characteristics country would be good news for both and that this system is the country’s It marked efforts by Chinese China and the world,” Xin said. institutional advantage. authorities to shift to a green development model by rectifying Though China’s economy is no China has allocated 282.2 billion practices that boost economic growth longer growing at the dazzling speed yuan for poverty relief from the at the cost of the environment, which it once was, its systematic efforts on central budget and arranged 270 is one of the country’s major “short restructuring and defusing possible billion yuan via local government planks,” or areas of weakness. threats to sustainability make it debt between 2013 and 2017. remain a powerful engine for global The “wooden bucket” theory, growth. Meanwhile, more than 195,000 which states the amount of water a first secretaries have been stationed in bucket can hold is determined by its China’s rapid development impoverished villages, while 775,000 shortest plank, has underpinned comes at a heavy price to the Party cadres have been sent to assist Chinese governance practices on its environment, something the West their work. way to a moderately prosperous knows all too well, said UNDP society, said Xu Yaotong, professor Administrator Helen Clark. China’s major achievements in with the Chinese Academy of past years mean that socialism with Governance. “But we now see that China is Chinese characteristics has expanded really stepping up with leadership on the pathway to modernization for To build a moderately prosperous climate change, which is so critical, developing countries, thus providing society in all respects, the country because what China does is of global Chinese wisdom and Chinese must address those “short and weak significance, given the size of its solutions to problems facing planks”, Xu said. economy and the size of the mankind, Xi said. population,” she said.

News From China September 2017 7 Special Report - 68th Anniversary of the People’s Republic of China

Severino Cabral, head of the development has been increasingly foundation and unbalanced Brazilian Institute of China and Asia responded to in the face of unstable development. Almost each of its Pacific Studies, said that what China global economy and security,” Cabral problem involving people’s had done in ensuring social progress said. livelihood is a tough global problem,” while markedly improving people’s said Wang Jun, head of the living standard had won admiration What happens in China does not information department of the across the globe. and should not stay in China. China Center for International Economic Exchanges. As a major China’s successful poverty with over 1.3 billion people, China has reduction experience has drawn the “The journey to a moderately gradually embarked on a successful attention of the world. Last October, prosperous society, an incessant path of reducing poverty through officials from 15 developing process of exploring and solving development with distinct Chinese countries, including Malawi, Ghana, such problems, could offer a China features. and Kenya, came to Beijing to attend a recipe for the least developing seminar on public service and poverty nations facing similar issues, “ Wang “China’s growth model and the reduction for developing countries. said. “It may possibly serve as a fate country’s governance have changer for them.” offered inspiration to other countries, “China is a country with a large and China’s proposal for common population, a weak economic NEW FORCE BEHIND CHINA’S SHIFTING ECONOMIC LANDSCAPE by Wang Xiuqiong (China Features)

8 News From China September 2017 Special Report - 68th Anniversary of the People’s Republic of China

Is there any connection between a trading days. “Bike sharing is much cheaper jungle of bikes crowding a suburban than taking a taxi, and a good way of subway exit, and the smell of money The success of Youon’s IPO was exercise,” says Mr. Zhao, whose in the heart of the financial market? an epitome of quiet but ubiquitous home is a five-minute ride from the changes to China’s economy brought subway station. In China, there is. by a new force of Internet-based, innovation-driven businesses. China’s bike sharing market is Riding the tide of bike sharing, a expected to rake in 10.3 billion yuan new business model emerging in Youon and its more prominent (1.5 billion U.S. dollars) in revenue China, Changzhou Youon Public rivals, Mobike and ofo, have shaken this year, a 736-percent increase from Bicycle System Co., Ltd. went public up the transport industry. Whizzing 1.2 billion yuan in 2016, according to on the Stock Exchange on down the street on colorful bicycles, a report from iiMedia Research. Aug. 17, the first initial public offering rather than in a car, has become a new by a company providing bike sharing fad. It estimated the number of services. shared-bike users in China will hit 209 At the exit of Anheqiao North million this year, compared with 28 With its blue and yellow bikes subway station in the remote million last year. ready for use with a simple scan of a northwestern corner of Beijing, a QR code by a mobile phone, Youon is bicycle jungle forms in the morning It’s not just transportation. New set to get traction on the stock market. travel peak and is whittled down in the business models inspired by evening as throngs of commuters infor mation technolog y and Its shares soared by the daily limit leave the station and pedal back to upgrading consumer demand have instantly after trade started. The same their homes. slipped into a broad range of sectors happened for the following several of the economy.

News From China September 2017 9 Special Report - 68th Anniversary of the People’s Republic of China

The rise of online shopping has in the accounted for 57 market threshold in this sector is forced brick-and-mortar stores to percent of the total market relatively low for newcomers, said Wu either close doors or focus on better capitalization. Worldwide, nine Hequan from the Chinese Academy services and customer experiences. Chinese firms, including Alibaba and of Engineering and president of the Tencent, ranked among the 30 largest Internet Society of China. Mobile payment has made it Internet companies in market value, possible to order food, pay credit card with their combined share exceeding “Eventually, the Internet is going bills and manage stock accounts at 30 percent for the first time. to remake the traditional industrial anytime, anywhere, or buy a pancake sector,” he said. at a roadside breakfast stall without The new force is reshaping having to carry a wallet. China’s economic structure. The For example, big data could be economy, once reliant on fixed-asset used to analyze the preferences of car The value of third-party e- investment and expor ts, is purchasers and guide production, payments in China has grown at an increasingly fueled by services and millions of small manufacturers annual rate of more than 100 percent consumption, and the Internet is could upgrade their products by since 2015, offering consumers an speeding up this process. seeking help from professional alternative to bank payment channels designers through online platforms, at lower transaction costs, global Online retail sales surged 33.7 while sensors and software could rating agency Moody’s said in a report percent year on year in the first seven make the production process earlier this year. months of this year, with online sales smarter. of goods accounting for 13.8 percent In the countryside, farmers are of the country’s overall retail sales of Government regulation is learning how to advertise and sell fruit consumer goods, up 2.2 percentage catching up with the changing through online channels such as points from a year earlier, according economic landscape. Chinese Taobao or WeChat. In urban homes, a to data from the National Bureau of authorities have cut red tape and variety of applications on smart Statistics. slashed taxes to support innovative phones have boosted consumption of businesses, while tightened oversight novel services including in-home Thanks to the revolution of over some risky new sectors massages and manicures. infor mation technolog y and including Internet finance. innovative business models, the cost A bigger slice of the nation’s of consumption is getting lower, In June, Chinese Premier Li economic pie is now digital. The which helps boost economic growth, Keqiang told a cabinet meeting that aggregate value of China’s digital said Lyu Wei with the Development authorities should avoid simply economy accounted for over 30 Research Center of the State Council. applying traditional methodology on percent of GDP last year, according sharing economy and regulate it in a t o t h e C h i n a A c a d e my o f I n t h e f i r s t h a l f, f i n a l “tolerant while prudent” manner. Information and Communications consumption contributed 63.4 Technology (CAICT). percent of GDP growth, and will More needs to be done, as new probably increase more in future. business models and technology The wave of change is evident in could bring new problems and the capital market, with ripples sent I n t h e l o n g t e r m , t h e demands, said Zhang Zhanbin, a beyond the border. development of e-payments and e- researcher with Chinese Academy of commerce will encourage China’s Governance. The total market value of economic rebalancing from Chinese listed Internet firms soared investment toward consumption, The regulatory framework 48.7 percent year on year to a record according to Moody’s. remains fragmented, with too many high of 7.24 trillion yuan (about 1.1 agencies overseeing one sector, while trillion U.S. dollars) in the second Consumption is the first sector to the standards of regulation are not quarter, according to the CAICT. benefit from the extensive application unified, he said. of Internet technology, because the The market value of those listed

10 News From China September 2017 Special Report - 68th Anniversary of the People’s Republic of China CHINA CONCENTRATES ON SCI-TECH INNOVATION by Yu Fei, Qu Ting (China Features)

Wang Junfeng and seven fellow In the 1990s and early 21st Wang said he came to the island Chinese researchers at Harvard Century, many Chinese college because advanced experimental Medical School gave up life in the students flocked to developed equipment on steady high magnetic United States to move to a small island countries to pursue studies and fields was to be built there. It would on the outskirts of Hefei, capital of professions with the help of more make China the fifth country in the east China’s Anhui Province. advanced research equipment. world to have such equipment.

“Science Island” is home to more In the past two decades, as its Kuang Guangli, leader of the than 10 research institutes and 1,000 economy blossomed, China has project, said the team has already top researchers – and an ideal place to attached more importance to science made an impact in international quietly conduct their research, they and technology, making it an academic circles and that the said. increasingly attractive base for members have made greater researchers. academic achievements here than

News From China September 2017 11 Special Report - 68th Anniversary of the People’s Republic of China they did in Harvard. deep sea, super computers and In early July, China made quantum communication, China has breakthroughs in the search for SCI-TECH BOOM shown determination and speed, alternative clean energy sources by capturing world attention. completing a 60-day trial of mining Experience over almost a century gas hydrates, commonly known as has shown the Communist Party of Over the past year, Chinese have combustible ice, in the South China China that it is necessary to mobilize been inspired by landmark Sea. efforts and resources to concentrate achievements in science and on major tasks. Now the experience is technology. “Combustible ice is considered a being applied to scientific and strategic alternative to oil and natural technological innovation. Chinese scientists completed gas,” China Geological Survey all the experiments designed for Bureau deputy director Li Jinfa said. Innovation is at the heart of the world’s first quantum satellite a “The whole world is looking towards China’s 13th Five-Year Plan (2016- year ahead of schedule, laying the it.” 2020), which sets the aims to become foundation for a hack-proof an “innovation nation” by 2020, an global quantum communication In mid-June, China launched its international leader in innovation by network. first X-ray space telescope to observe 2030, and a world powerhouse in black holes, pulsars and gamma-ray scientific and technological China’s supercomputer, Sunway bursts. innovation by 2050. TaihuLight, was crowned the world’s fastest computer at both the 2016 and “I am really impressed with how At the forefront of fundamental 2017 International Supercomputing China is developing its scientific r e s e a r ch a n d s t r a t e g i c ke y Conferences held in Frankfurt, space program,” said Arvind Parmar, technologies in fields such as space, . head of the Scientific Support Office

12 News From China September 2017 Special Report - 68th Anniversary of the People’s Republic of China in the Science Directorate of . European Space Agency (ESA). “The Studying the evolution of the recent launches of the Dark Matter The latest Global Innovation universe seems unrelated to more Particle Explorer and the Quantum Index showed China rose three places pressing issues, such as lifting tens of Experiments at Space Scale missions to 22nd on the list of the world’s most millions of people out of poverty by highlight China’s capabilities and innovative nations in 2017, the only 2020. commitment to science as does the middle-income country to join the range of missions under study for top 25 innovative economies. However, Hugo Award-winning future launch opportunities.” author Liu Cixin said many advances ORIGIN OF INNOVATION rely on science and technology. China took a major step toward becoming a global aviation In the 13th Five-Year Plan, the Wu Ji, director of the CAS powerhouse as its homegrown large evolution of the universe was given National Space Science Center, said passenger plane, the C919, took to the pride of place on the scientific that since China’s first satellite was sky on May 5. The flight makes China research list. It was followed by launched into space nearly 50 years the fourth jumbo jet producer after material structure, the origins of life, ago, a number of communications, the United States, Western Europe and neurology. remote sensing and navigation and Russia. satellites have followed. “Fundamental questions, like Last year, China launched its first this, have the power to influence “If China wants to be a strong space lab, Tiangong-2, and sent the solutions to some of the most global nation, it should not only care Shenzhou-11 manned spaceship to prominent problems faced by society about immediate interests, but also dock with it. Two Chinese astronauts and the world at large,” said Han contribute to humankind. Only that stayed in Tiangong-2 for a month, Song, a Chinese sci-fi writer. can win China the real international setting a new Chinese record for space respect,” Wu said. residency. With economic pressures forecast to continue, China is China will produce another five In April this year, China launched committed to fostering new or six scientific satellites by 2020, its first cargo spacecraft, Tianzhou-1, development momentum through which will aid research into black to dock with Tiangong-2, to test space innovation. holes, dark matter, quantum physics refueling technology, laying the and the space environment. foundation for building the country’s China has been striving to space station. upgrade its industrial structure and “If you want to innovate, you shift its economy to a growth model must have knowledge of the sciences. This string of achievements that draws strength from innovation Space science is inseparable from shows the innovation-driven as its competitive advantages in low C h i n a ’s i n n o v a t i o n - d r i v e n development strategy is paying labor and raw material costs are development,” said Wu. dividends. eroded. A Chinese probe is expected to A report jointly issued by the Zhang Xinmin, a researcher with land on Mars in 2021. National Center for Science and the Institute of High Energy Physics Technology Evaluation and Clarivate of the Chinese Academy of Sciences “Exploring the red planet and Analytics said China’s expenditure on (CAS), said China is starting to value deep space will mean that China can research and development accounted basic science. establish itself as a scientific and for 1.42 percent of GDP in 2006 and technological leader. The knock-on the ratio increased to 2.1 percent in Zhang, who studies primordial effect is that inventions and 2016. gravitational waves in Ngari, independent intellectual property southwest China’s Autonomous rights will surge, and, as a result, In 2016, China had over 1.1 Region, said research is the origin of China’s core competence will million patents for inventions, ranking innovation. Without it, innovation on increase, pushing development in the third after the United States and a large scale is unachievable. other industries,” said Jia Yang,

News From China September 2017 13 Special Report - 68th Anniversary of the People’s Republic of China deputy chief designer of China’s Mars scientifically-advanced countries in the near future we will achieve great rover. some areas, we have made great success,” said Chang Jin, vice director strides in basic science and space of the CAS Purple Mountain “Although China still lags behind science. As long as we are diligent, in Observatory. BELT AND ROAD GOLDEN CHANCE FOR GLOBAL GROWTH by Wang Hongjiang (China Features)

The has brought tremendous trade and investment opportunities that the world cannot afford to ignore.

In the first seven months, China signed 78.09 billion U.S. dollars of contracted projects along the Belt and Road, up 32.6 percent year on year, according to the Ministry of Commerce.

“ I t s c o n c e p t s, s u c h a s i n c l u s ive n e s s a n d s t r a t e g i c connection, conform with the common interests of the world, and therefore have attracted global attention. The initiative has become the world’s largest growth initiative, livelihood project and public good so far,” said Wang Yiwei from Renmin University of China.

The Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road initiative, known as the Belt and Road Initiative, was proposed by China in 2013 with the aim of building a trade a n d i n f r a s t r u c t u r e n e t wo r k connecting Asia with Europe and Africa along the ancient trade routes.

INVESTMENT ON FAST LANE

China’s outbound investment to countries involved in the Belt and Road Initiative stood at 6.61 billion

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U.S. dollars in the first half of 2017, been completed, according to the be a key driver for a firming recovery accounting for 13.7 percent of the meeting. of the world economy, according to country’s non-financial outbound the International Monetary Fund direct investment (ODI), up 6 INFRASTRUCTURE chief economist Maurice Obstfeld. percentage points from the same NETWORKS period in 2016. Global investors, including the China has been exporting high- EU, continue to be optimistic about In contrast, the country’s total speed trains and related technologies China’s economic growth prospects. ODI dropped 45.8 percent year on to the Belt and Road countries. In In the first seven months, 17,703 new year to 48.19 billion U.S. dollars in the 2014, China completed the foreign-funded companies were H1, Ministry of Commerce (MOC) construction of its first overseas high- established in China, up 12 percent data showed. speed rail in Turkey. In June 2015, year on year, according to the MOC. China and Russia inked deals for 770 Investment growth between km of track connecting Moscow and Expressing their confidence in China and Belt and Road countries is Kazan. the economy, international financial mutual. As a case in point, in the first heavyweights have raised their seven months, the China’s rail services are stretching forecasts for China’s economic (EU) direct investment on the all the way to the west along the g r o w t h . Fo r e x a m p l e , t h e Chinese mainland increased 5.4 ancient Silk Road. In August this year, International Monetary Fund in July percent year on year. The EU is China and signed a 1.24 billion- raised its forecast of China growth to China’s biggest trading partner, while U.S.-dollar light rail contract. The 66- 6.7 percent for 2017. China is the EU’s largest source of km 11-station line will connect Cairo imports and second largest two-way with adjacent cities. “Strong Chinese growth drives trading partner. growth particularly in Asian region Thanks to the China-Europe rail but also throughout the world,” said Enormous potential for further link in particular, merchandise trade Obstfeld. investment cooperation still lies ahead witnessed robust growth between given the EU’s investment in China China and European countries China’s economy expanded 6.9 only accounts for about 4 percent of including Germany, Spain and percent for the first half of 2017, its total overseas investment, while Britain. with consumption and services, as Chinese investment in the EU only well as new innovation-driven takes up about 2 percent of all foreign Since May last year, over 64 economic sectors, taking up larger direct investment (FDI) flowing to million yuan worth of German roles in the economy. the EU. products have been imported via the China-Europe rail link, data showed. As China is transforming its Besides trade and investment, e c o n o m y f r o m t r a d i t i o n a l interactions have also increased in The number of transcontinental manufacturing sector to service and culture, education, science and cargo rail lines via China’s northern consumption oriented sector, its technology, tourism and other areas. Manzhouli port alone had increased structural transformation and the to 35 as of Aug. 9 this year. rebalancing of its economy should On Aug. 18, a Belt and Road high lower the growth rate and put growth level meeting for health cooperation “The Belt and Road Initiative is on a firmer basis over time, the chief was held in Beijing. China has key to solving the problem of economist said. launched 38 key projects in the health sluggish recovery and has seized the sector along with the Belt and Road crucial link of world economic WIN-WIN SCENARIO countries, covering fields including growth — infrastructure,” Wang infectious disease control, emergency Yiwei said. Claims that the Belt and Road medical assistance and traditional Initiative is a tool by China to expand medicine. SOLID DRIVER its economic interests and dominance abroad ignore the key element As of February, 25 projects had China’s growth will continue to underpinning the initiative — win-

News From China September 2017 15 Special Report - 68th Anniversary of the People’s Republic of China win results. 100 billion yuan to the Appreciating that China has to scale up financing support for the entered the debate of in Since China launched the Belt and Road Initiative. a positive way, Obstfeld believed the initiative in 2013, it has invested more Belt and Road Initiative is “very than 50 billion U.S. dollars in countries A total of 29 foreign heads of important” in the context. involved in the Belt and Road as of state and government leaders May. Meanwhile, a total of 56 attended the for um. Other China has been striving to open economic and trade cooperation d e l e g a t e s i n c l u d e o f f i c i a l s, up wider, instead of erecting trade zones have already been built by entrepreneurs, financiers and and investment barriers. In August, Chinese businesses in these countries, journalists from over 130 countries, the country announced more generating nearly 1.1 billion U.S. and re presentatives of key measures to attract foreign dollars in tax revenue and creating international organizations. investment, including easier access 180,000 local jobs. and better protection of intellectual Thanks to the forum, Belt and property rights. In May this year, China Road countries had reached many announced at the Belt and Road agreements, including 76 items China could take concrete Forum for International Cooperation comprising more than 270 concrete actions to promote the global system, that it will contribute an additional results in five areas. Obstfeld said. CHINA’S RAILWAYS ON TRACK TO FUTURE by Yang Jianxiang, Zeng Huang (China Features)

Since the first industrial independently by China. Most of the total. revolution (1760s to mid-19th other rail projects undertaken by the According to the , century), social development and Chinese government were made with Fuxing bullet trains begin to run at a progress has been closely linked to foreign loans and technologies. speed of 350 kilometers per hour railways. China’s railway history has along the Beijing-Shanghai high- China’s early railways were a followed its bitter evolution from a speed line in September, the fastest record of foreign colonialism. After semi-colonial and semi-feudal society trains in service around the world. the Opium War, many Western to a modern nation. China’s high-speed rail system is powers demanded road construction Since the founding of New China also crossing borders, thanks to its in China. The British built the first in 1949, railway construction has seen advanced technology, safety, railway, the Wusong Railway, in several phases of development. Rail reliability and cost-effectiveness. Shanghai in 1876. After the Sino- widths were unified, double-track Cooperation extends to Asia, Japanese War of 1894, Russia was lines were built, diesel and electric Europe, America and Africa. authorized to build the Dongqing locomotives were developed and then Important progress has been made in Railway, the Dian-Yue Railway, electric railways. Speeds rose again projects such as the Jakarta-Bandung and Britain the -Kowloon and again. High-speed railways have high-speed railway in , the line. Germany built the Jiaozhou- expanded rapidly. The building of the Moscow-Kazan line in Russia, and Jinan Railway in 1904. Japan Beijing- intercity railway in the Malaysian - constructed railways in northeast 2005 marked the beginning of China’s service. A survey of young China and . high-speed rail era. By the end of people in 20 countries found they The Beijing- line, 2016, high-speed rail lines exceeded thought of the high-speed rail as one built by Zhan Tianyou in 1909, is 22,000 kilometers, accounting for of the “four great new inventions” of considered the first railway built more than 60 percent of the world’s the Chinese.

16 News From China September 2017 Special Report - 68th Anniversary of the People’s Republic of China

A train runs on the Shanghai- intercity high-speed railway at the Wuxi section in Jiangsu Province. This is one of China’s most economically developed and densely populated areas. The Shanghai-Nanjing service is one of the world’s longest, fastest and most advanced intercity railways. (Xinhua)

Beijing South Railway Station is a hub for China’s high-speed railways. (Xinhua)

News From China September 2017 17 Special Report - 68th Anniversary of the People’s Republic of China

On March 16, 2017, a train runs on the Shanghai-Kunming high-speed line, through the rape flower fields in Anshun, Guizhou Province. The construction of high-speed rail has promoted development in remote areas and boosted tourism. (Xinhua/Lu Wei)

Bullet trains run along the high-speed lines on Tunli grand bridges in Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. (Xinhua/Huang Xiaobang)

18 News From China September 2017 Special Report - 68th Anniversary of the People’s Republic of China

China’s next generation bullet train “Fuxing” debuted on the Beijing-Shanghai line on June 26, 2017. A CR400AF model departed Beijing South Railway Station at 11:05 a.m. for Shanghai. At the same time, the CR400BF model left Shanghai Hongqiao Railway Station for Beijing. The new bullet trains, also known as electric multiple units (EMU), boast top speeds of 400 kilometers an hour and a consistent speed of 350 kilometers an hour. (Xinhua/Xing Guangli)

Many young women aspire to be stewardesses on China’s high-speed trains. New recruits at Harbin passenger division receive training in sitting posture. (Xinhua/Wang Song)

News From China September 2017 19 Special Report - 68th Anniversary of the People’s Republic of China CHINA’S JUMBO JET SETS COURSE FOR GLOBAL SKIES by Hu Tao (China Features)

The twin-engine C919 took off flight realizes China’s dream of “A steady take-off and all from Shanghai Pudong Airport on its developing a jumbo airliner,” said systems functioned well the whole maiden flight on May 5, 2017, COMAC chairman He Dongfeng. flight,”¡¡said co-pilot Wu Xin after the marking a milestone in China’s 79-minute maiden flight. aviation industry. “It not only marks a major step toward China becoming a global The aircraft’s name C919 is quite It is expected that the Shanghai- aviation powerhouse, but also offers symbolic. The letter “C” stands for based manufacturer COMAC the world new benefits from China’s both China and COMAC, while the (Commercial Aircraft Corporation of development.” number 9 symbolizes “forever” in China) of China will be the next Chinese culture, and 19 represents global aviation giant after Airbus and T he maiden f light crew the aircraft’s 190 seats at maximum Boeing. comprised two pilots, two test flight capacity. engineers and one observer. “The C919’s successful maiden With a standard range of 4,075

20 News From China September 2017 Special Report - 68th Anniversary of the People’s Republic of China kilometers, the narrow-body jet is rest of the world. nacelles for the aircraft through CFM comparable to the updated Airbus International, a joint venture between 320 and Boeing’s new generation 737. More than 200 enterprises in 22 Safran Aircraft Engines and GE. provinces and cities in China took “The C919 is made totally with part in the development of the C919, “China has created valuable Chinese intellectual property. It shows and 16 leading international aviation opportunities in global aviation,” he China finally has a jumbo passenger companies were selected as airborne said. jet designed and developed in system suppliers, with 16 joint accordance with global airworthiness ventures set up. “We are not working in the short standards,” said chief designer Wu term in China. The market is here and Guanghui. Major components such as the we are right here. All we have done is avionics and control systems were to pave the way to share the future.” China began developing large sourced from the joint ventures and passenger jets in the 1970s and the partners across Europe and the Honeywell Aerospace Asia first, the Y-10, had a successful test United States. Pacific president Steven Lien was also flight in 1980, but the project was later confident of China’s aviation future. abandoned for some complicated “You can see new giant of the reasons. global aviation industry. China is “China is willing to share growth moving forward with major steps,” opportunities with the rest of the In 2007, the State Council said Olivier Dubroeucq, executive world. Honeywell has invested approved plans to develop a large vice president of the COMAC and heavily in China, and we are picking passenger jet. In November 2015, the AVIC program of Safran. the winner,” said Lien. first C919 rolled off the assembly line. A leading aero engine and Honeywell provided the auxiliary The C919 also represents equipment manufacturer, Safran power system, flight control package, cooperation between China and the made the LEAP-1C engines and wheel and braking system, and

News From China September 2017 21 Special Report - 68th Anniversary of the People’s Republic of China navigation package. Almost 1,000 China will require more than 6,000 first deliveries around 2019. Honeywell personnel around the new aircraft over the next two decades world worked on the C919 project. with a total value of 1 trillion U.S. As of June 2017, the C919 had dollars. It will need 5,110 new single- 600 orders from 24 foreign and “Root in China, share the honor aisle aircraft by 2035. domestic customers, according to with the Chinese aviation industry. COMAC. H o n e y w e l l c h e r i s h e s g r e a t Unsettling the dominance of opportunities of growing together Boeing and Airbus in the near future COMAC and United Aircraft with the second largest economy in is unrealistic, observers say, but Corporation of Russia announced in the world, sharing mutual benefits Chinese airliners could be a strong May a plan to jointly develop a wide- along with its growth,” said Lien. option for global carriers in decades body jet for long-haul flights. to come. The C919 was designed and To become a real “competitor” developed first to meet the booming COMAC is seeking airworthiness in the global civil aviation market, domestic civil aviation market and certificates from the Civil Aviation China and its C919 still have a long then global markets. Administration of China and foreign way to go. aviation regulators before making its According to a Boeing forecast, NATIONAL PARKS DRIVE CHINA’S GREEN DEVELOPMENT by Liu Wei, Wang Minghao, Feng Changyong (China Features)

22 News From China September 2017 Special Report - 68th Anniversary of the People’s Republic of China

Hou Rong wept when she heard reserves as well as another 8,000 attacked by tigers in 2016, so when it's that the Giant Panda National Park endangered animals and plants. time to harvest mushrooms and wild spanning three provinces is to be vegetables, they avoid the hills. created by 2020. China started captive-breeding programs in the late 1990s and a Yin Zhaohai runs a cattle farm After studying and protecting reintroduction program in 2003, near the village. Since May, tigers have giant pandas for two decades, she which proved effective in keeping the killed six of his cattle and another 20 knows the proposed park will unite species on the map. "But increasing have disappeared. "Tigers are pandas isolated on six mountains in the wild population requires a large endangered animals, but cattle and Gansu, Shaanxi and Sichuan protection area and an upgraded humans also need to be safe," says provinces, helping the endangered ecosystem. The park will do the job," Yin. animals mingle and enrich their gene says Hou. pool. Conflict is inevitable. When China is creating the national tigers attack humans or their cattle, "Many years of conservation park system over several years. The the local set traps for them. have paid off. Their numbers in the Central Leading Group for Reform at wild rose by 17 percent between 2003 the end of 2015 decided up to nine "Har monious coexistence a n d 2 0 1 3 . T h a t ' s w hy t h e such facilities should be included in between people and wild tigers and International Union for Conservation the system, including two parks to leopards, and development that of Nature (ICUN) reclassified the protect rivers. values both ecological protection and giant panda in 2016 from endangered economic growth are a big challenge to vulnerable," says Hou, director of Over six decades of nature for the local government," says Li Chengdu Research Base of Giant protection, China has established Zhixing, secretary-general of Panda Breeding. 2,740 nature reserves, covering 14.8 Hunchun-based Tianhe Manchurian percent of its territory, but Tiger Protection Association. However, like many endangered insufficient funding and a lack of a species, pandas still suffer habitat loss unified plan and protection ability Jilin Province has offered and fragmentation due to natural rendered many reserves ecologically compensation for those who suffer disasters, climate change and human unviable. injury or property damage since 2006. activity. This alleviates conflict and "The national park system will strengthens protection. Some sub-populations number is alter such sporadic protection and fewer than 10. This makes them usher in a new established nature In 2008, with the help of two v u l n e r a b l e t o d i s e a s e a n d protection scheme," says Cui Guofa, i n t e r n a t i o n a l c o n s e r va t i o n reproductive problems, and less able professor of the School of Nature associations, Hunchun Manchurian to adapt to a changing environment. Conservation of Beijing Forestry Tiger National Nature Reserve began University. a new plan that established cattle Multiple administrations in the b r e e d i n g a n d b e e k e e p i n g three provinces worsen the situation. While the parks paint a wonderful cooperatives for villagers without When a panda crosses a provincial picture for the conservation of charge. boundary, jurisdiction becomes wildlife and the restoration of the blurred. ecological system, they also face Villagers' incomes have risen and challenges - the conflict between they now patrol to protect wild tigers Following a pilot scheme begun protection and development being and leopards. They regularly remove earlier this year, the park will cover the most pressing. traps in the nearby mountains and 27,134 square kilometers, three times report poaching and traces of the the area of the United States' Nangou Village, Hunchun City in animals. Yellowstone National Park. It will the northeastern Jilin Province, is have four major zones: a core near a Manchurian tiger habitat and is "We are familiar with the protection area; an ecological included in the proposed Northeast mountain environment and wild tigers' restoration area; a tourist and Tiger and Leopard National Park. habits and we are earning more by education area; and a breeding center. raising cattle on the cooperatives. We It will protect pandas in 67 current At least two villagers were won't harm tigers," says one villager.

News From China September 2017 23 BRICS Summit 2017

The creation of national parks a key corridor connecting populations Hou Rong says people should be will lead to the relocation of many in Liangshan Mountain. taught to protect the environment. people. For example, at least 170,000 "People can live outside the core people in Sichuan will have to move so Poverty once drove the villagers protection area and find jobs in the that pandas will be able to roam freely to poach pandas, but after a penalty park such as guides. They won't risk between far-flung habitats. and bonus system was introduced, poaching wild animals once they have they learned to value them. a decent job and steady income." Qubie Mazi of Yi ethnic group Enditem has lived in Sichuan's Shanfeng Asked how he feels about making Village for 40 years, earning a living by way for pandas, Qubie Mazi says, "I (Zou Shengwen and Zong Wei growing potatoes and collecting will move if I get a new home and a also contributed to the story.) herbs. A panda reserve in the village is new job."

BRICS Summit 2017 NINTH BRICS SUMMIT OPENS XI JINPING CHAIRS THE SUMMIT AND DELIVERS IMPORTANT SPEECH STRESSING STRONGER BRICS PARTNERSHIP FOR A BRIGHTER FUTURE On September 4, 2017, the ninth consensus, which maps out blueprints countries as well as people of all BRICS Summit was held at Xiamen and charts the course for the future countries at large. International Conference Center. development of BRICS cooperation. President Xi Jinping chaired the Xi Jinping pointed out that the summit. President Jacob Zuma of At around 9:50 a.m., leaders of rapid development of BRICS South Africa, President Michel Temer BRICS countries successively arrived cooperation lays in mutual respect of Brazil, President Vladimir Putin of at the meeting place. Xi Jinping and mutual assistance in jointly Russia and Prime Minister Narendra warmly greeted them, respectively following the development path Modi of India were present. shook hands and posed for group suited to our respective national Centering on the theme of Stronger photos with them. conditions. We have pushed forward BRICS Partnership for a Brighter economic, political and people-to- Future, leaders of the five countries At the plenary session, Xi Jinping people and cultural cooperation in exchanged in-depth views on the delivered an important speech the spirit of openness, inclusiveness, current international situation, global themed with Stronger BRICS and win-win cooperation. We have economic governance, BRICS Partnership for a Brighter Future, in worked in unison with other cooperation, international and which he spoke positively of the emerging market economies and regional hotspot issues and other glorious decade that BRICS developing countries to uphold topics, reviewed the ten-year history cooperation has walked through, international justice and equity and of BRICS cooperation, and reiterated stressing to usher in the second foster a sound external environment. the BRICS spirit of openness, "g olden decade" of BRICS i n c l u s ive n e s s, a n d w i n - w i n cooperation, so as to make BRICS Xi Jinping stressed that as the cooperation, reaching a series of cooperation benefit people of the five world undergoes profound and

24 News From China September 2017 BRICS Summit 2017

c o m p l e x c h a n g e s , B R I C S cooperation mechanism. development. cooperation has become more important. We must redouble our Second, we need to strengthen Third, we need to make the efforts to comprehensively deepen the integration of our development international order more just and BRICS partnership and usher in the strategies. We should make use of our equitable. We should remain second "golden decade" of BRICS respective comparative strengths in committed to and the cooperation. resources, market and labor force. basic norms governing international Acting in the spirit of extensive relations, and work for a new type of First, we need to seek practical consultation, joint contribution and international relations. We need to results in our economic cooperation. shared benefits, we need to identify make economic globalization open, We need to expand converging those areas where our development inclusive, balanced and beneficial to interests in such areas as trade and policies and priorities converge, and all, build an open world economy, investment, currency and finance, continue to work toward the goal of support the multilateral trading c o n n e c t i v i t y, s u s t a i n a b l e connectivity in trade and investment, regime and oppose protectionism. development, innovation and c u r r e n c y a n d f i n a n c e, a n d We need to advance the reform of industrial cooperation. Together, we infrastructure. By implementing the global economic governance, must seize the historic opportunities 2030 Agenda for Sustainable increase the representation and voice of the new industrial revolution, Development, we have the of emerging market and developing actively explore new areas and models opportunity to achieve balanced countries, and inject new impetus of practical cooperation, and enhance economic, social and environmental into the efforts to address the our links to ensure sustained and p r o g r e s s, a n d b r i n g a b o u t development gap between the North steady progress of the BRICS interconnected and inclusive and South and boost global growth.

News From China September 2017 25 BRICS Summit 2017

Fourth, we need to promote of BRICS cooperation and deliver round partnerships, and inject greater people-to-people and cultural greater benefits to the people of our impetus into the development of the exchanges. Making the spirit of five countries and around the world. five countries. BRICS countries partnership take root in people's should strengthen international hearts will keep BRICS cooperation Jacob Zuma expressed that under development cooperation, improve forever vibrant. This year, people-to- the new circumstances, BRICS global economic governance, and people and cultural exchanges among countries should deepen BRICS create a sound external environment. the five countries have been in full strategic partnership, advance swing, marked by the diverse mechanism construction, enhance Vladimir Putin expressed that activities. It is hoped that these connection with other emerging BRICS countries should broaden and activities could take place regularly market economies and developing deepen practical cooperation in and be institutionalized. We need to countries, and seek common various fields, and push forward expand our outreach to get the public development. Next year, South Africa BRICS partnership for constant more involved and encourage more will take over the rotating presidency development. The five countries lively exchanges of diverse cultures. of the BRICS, and the country will should build an open world economy, spare no efforts in making good oppose protectionism, and promote Xi Jinping pointed out that the preparations for the next summit, in a inclusive and sustainable growth. past decade has seen the unremitting bid to improve the cohesiveness and BRICS countries should stress efforts of BRICS countries in influence of BRICS cooperation. coordination, and play a constructive pursuing development and deepening role in international and regional partnership. It is a beginning in the Michel Temer expressed that the hotspot issues, in a bid to jointly history of BRICS cooperation. Let us five countries should increase safeguard world peace and stability. set sail from Xiamen and join hands to strategic investment in BRICS usher in the second "golden decade" cooperation, consolidate the all- Narendra Modi expressed that

26 News From China September 2017 BRICS Summit 2017

BRICS countries should deeply tap discussion results of the meeting of issues. First, abide by international potential for economic cooperation, BRICS high representatives for law and the basic norms governing achieve more outcomes from security issues. Xi Jinping stressed international relations. Second, practical cooperation, safeguard that for vast emerging market firmly uphold multilateralism, firmly multilateral trading system, and push economies and developing countries, safeguard the purposes and forward people-to-people and no matter for the consideration of the principles of the UN Charter, and cultural exchanges, so as to make overall situation of world economy or give play to UN's main-channel role BRICS cooperation take root in the future of respective development, in safeguarding peace, building peace, people's heart. we should adhere to opening up while as well as preventing and curbing pursuing no protectionism, adhere to conflicts. Ushering in the new decade, Speaking positively of the BRICS multilateral trading system while we should fairly cherish the Xiamen Summit, leaders of all pursuing no benefits at others' a ch i e ve m e n t s f r o m B R I C S countries agreed to well implement expense, and adhere to mutual benefit cooperation, respect each other, seek various outcomes achieved at the and win-win results while pursuing no common points while reserving summit, in a bid push forward BRICS zero-sum game. National security and differences, and strive to build a cooperation for constant progress. development are of mutual closer, more comprehensive and Leaders present at the summit interdependence. We should solid strategic partnership. expressed that they will support South continuously coordinate the stance on Africa in well assuming its post as the political security, expand consensus, BRICS Leaders' Xiamen BRICS rotating presidency next year. and enhance cooperation. As Declaration was issued at the summit. countries with important influence, At a small-scale meeting held BRICS countries should play a Wang Huning, Li Zhanshu, Yang previously, leaders of the five constructive role in coping with Jiechi and others attended above countries debriefed the report on the international and regional hotspot activities. FULL TEXT OF PRESIDENT XI’S REMARKS AT PLENARY SESSION OF BRICS XIAMEN SUMMIT Stronger BRICS Partnership for a Brighter Future Remarks by H.E. Xi Jinping President of the People’s Republic of China At the Plenary Session of the BRICS Xiamen Summit Xiamen, 4 September 2017

Your Excellency President Jacob I am delighted to meet with my cooperation, map out a blueprint for Zuma, colleagues again. I wish to begin by its future development and set sail on Your Excellency President Michel extending, on behalf of the Chinese a new journey of cooperation. Temer, government and people, a warm Your Excellency President Vladimir welcome to you all. Welcome to the B R I C S c o o p e r a t i o n h a s Putin, BRICS Xiamen Summit. With the traversed a glorious journey of one Your Excellency Prime Minister focus on the theme of the summit: decade. Though separated by Narendra Modi, “Stronger Partnership for a Brighter mountains and oceans, our five Ladies and Gentlemen, Future”, I look forward to working countries have been closely bound by Dear Friends, with you to take stock of BRICS a shared commitment to win-win

News From China September 2017 27 BRICS Summit 2017

cooperation. to pursuing development and outbound investment we made in prosperity through partnership. This 2016, only 5.7% took place among As an ancient Chinese saying has enabled us to rise above our five countries. This means BRICS goes, “A partnership forged with the differences and seek win-win results. cooperation still has broad space. right approach defies geographical distance; it is thicker than glue and As the world underg oes We need to stay focused on stronger than metal and stone.” We profound and complex changes, p r o m o t i n g r e s u l t s - o r i e n t e d owe the rapid development of BRICS BRICS cooperation has become more economic cooperation, and expand cooperation to our adoption of a right important. Our people expect us to converging interests in trade and approach. Guided by this approach, jointly boost development and investment, currency and finance, we have respected and supported each improve their well-being. The c o n n e c t i v i t y, s u s t a i n a b l e other in following the path of international community expects us development, innovation and development suited to our respective to make contribution to world peace industrial cooperation. This year, we national conditions; we have pushed and common development. We must have formulated the BRICS Trade in forward economic, political and r e d o u b l e o u r e f f o r t s t o Services Cooperation Roadmap, the people-to-people cooperation in an comprehensively deepen BRICS Outlines for BRICS Investment open, inclusive and win-win spirit; and partnership and usher in the second Facilitation, the BRICS E-Commerce we have worked in unison with other “Golden Decade” of BRICS Cooperation Initiative, the BRICS emerging market and developing cooperation. Action Plan for Innovation countries to uphold international Cooperation and the Action Plan for justice and equity and foster a sound First, we need to seek practical Deepening Industrial Cooperation external environment. results in our economic cooperation. Among BRICS Countries. We have Results-oriented cooperation is the launched the African Regional Center Past progress shows that BRICS foundation of BRICS cooperation, of the cooperation has met our common and significant progress has been (NDB), decided to set up the BRICS need for development and is in made in this regard. However, we Model E-Port Network and reached keeping with the trend of history. have yet to fully tap the potential of extensive agreement on taxation, e- Though we have different national BRICS cooperation. Statistics show commerce, local currency bond, conditions, we share the commitment that of the 197 billion US dollars of public-private partnership, and the

28 News From China September 2017 BRICS Summit 2017 network of financial institutions and consultation, joint contribution and economy, support the multilateral services. Our practical cooperation shared benefits, we need to identify trading regime and oppose has become more institutionalized those areas where our development protectionism. We need to advance and substantive, and delivered more policies and priorities converge, and the reform of global economic tangible results. continue to work toward the goal of g o v e r n a n c e , i n c r e a s e t h e connectivity in trade and investment, representation and voice of emerging I wish to announce here that c u r r e n c y a n d f i n a n c e, a n d market and developing countries, and China will launch the Economic and infrastructure. With a focus on inject new impetus into the efforts to Technical Cooperation Plan for structural reform and sustainable address the development gap BRICS Countries with 500 million development, we need to expand our between the North and South and yuan for the first term to facilitate converging interests and share boost global growth. policy exchange and practical e x p e r i e n c e o n i n n o v a t i o n , cooperation in the economic and entre preneurship, industrial Fourth, we need to promote trade fields. China will contribute four development and production capacity people-to-people exchanges. Amity million US dollars to the NDB Project to boost our respective economic between the people holds the key to Preparation Facility to support the development. It is important to strike sound state-to-state relations. Only business operation and long-term a balance between the speed of with intensive care can the tree of development of the bank. China will growth and the quality and efficiency friendship and cooperation grow work with all parties to follow through of growth. By implementing the 2030 luxuriant. Enhancing the exchanges on the outcomes and consensus Sustainable Development Agenda, among our peoples and seeing the achieved in the past, and make good we have the opportunity to achieve spirit of partnership embraced by all use of existing mechanisms. balanced economic, social and is a worthy cause that deserves our Together, we must seize the historic environmental progress, and bring enduring commitment. A job well opportunities of the new industrial about interconnected and inclusive done in this regard will keep BRICS revolution, explore new areas and development. cooperation vibrant. models of practical cooperation, and enhance our links to ensure sustained Third, we need to make the We are pleased to note that the and steady progress of the BRICS international order more just and important consensus reached at the cooperation mechanism. equitable. Our ever closer ties with the leadership level on closer people-to- rest of the world require that we play a people exchanges is being translated Second, we need to strengthen more active part in global governance. into reality. This year, people-to- the complementarity of our Without our participation, many people exchanges among our five development strategies. Despite our pressing global challenges cannot be countries have been in full swing, differences in national conditions, our effectively resolved. We should speak marked by the diverse activities of the five countries are in a similar stage of with one voice and jointly present our BRICS Games, the BRICS Film development and share the same solutions to issues concerning Festival, the BRICS Culture Festival development goals. We all face an international peace and development. and the High-level Meeting on arduous task in growing the economy. This meets the expectation of the Traditional Medicine. We hope that Strengthening the complementarity international community, and will through our joint efforts, these of our development strategies will help safeguard our common interests. activities will take place regularly and help bring out our comparative be institutionalized. We need to strengths in resources, market and We should remain committed to expand our outreach to get the public labor force, and release the growth multilateralism and the basic norms more involved and encourage more potential of the five countries and the governing international relations, lively exchanges of diverse cultures. creativity of our three billion people, work for a new type of international opening up huge space for relations, and foster a peaceful and Dear Colleagues, development. stable environment for the development of all countries. We The past decade has seen the We need to plan well at the macro need to make economic globalization unremitting efforts of BRICS level and take concrete actions in key open, inclusive, balanced and countries in pursuing development areas. Acting in the spirit of extensive beneficial to all, build an open world and deepening partnership. It is but a

News From China September 2017 29 BRICS Summit 2017 beginning in the history of BRICS bigger role in international affairs. Let of our five countries and around the cooperation. As I said in my letters to us set sail from Xiamen and join world. you early this year, looking ahead, hands to usher in the second “Golden BRICS cooperation is set to achieve Decade” of BRICS cooperation and Thank you. greater development and play an even deliver greater benefits to the people FULL TEXT OF PRESIDENT XI’S SPEECH AT OPENING CEREMONY OF BRICS BUSINESS FORUM

At the Opening Ceremony of The BRICS Business Forum Xiamen, 3 September 2017

Your Excellency President Michel Temer, Your Excellency President Jacob Zuma, Representatives of the Business Community, Ladies and Gentlemen, Dear Friends,

Good afternoon! It is my great pleasure to have all of you with us in the beautiful city of Xiamen, renowned as the "Egret Island". The BRICS Summit will be held tomorrow. On behalf of the Chinese government and people and the people of Xiamen, and also in my own name, I warmly welcome all of you to the Business Forum. Xiamen has been a trading port since ancient times as well as a gateway of China's opening up and external cooperation. Embracing the vast ocean, the city has hosted visitors from around the world. On a personal note, Xiamen is where I started off when I came to Following is the full text of the Working Together to Usher in Province to take up a new post in keynote speech given by Chinese the Second "Golden Decade" of 1985. Back then, being one of the President Xi Jinping at the opening BRICS Cooperation earliest special economic zones in ceremony of the BRICS Business Speech by H.E. Xi Jinping China, the city was at the forefront of Forum on Sunday: President of the People's China's reform and opening up Republic of China endeavor and was brimming with

30 News From China September 2017 BRICS Summit 2017 development opportunities. Three becoming increasingly multipolar; the In particular, the New Development decades later, Xiamen has become economy has become globalized; Bank and the Contingent Reserve well known for its innovation and there is growing cultural diversity; and Arrangement have provided entrepreneurship, with burgeoning the society has become digitized. The financing support for infrastructure new economic forms and new law of the jungle where the strong b u i l d i n g a n d s u s t a i n a b l e industries, robust trade and prey on the weak and the zero-sum development of the BRICS investment and easy access to the game are rejected, and peace, countries, contributing to enhanced world with air, land and sea links. d e v e l o p m e n t a n d w i n - w i n global economic governance and the Today, Xiamen is a beautiful garden cooperation have become the shared building of an international financial city with perfect harmony between aspiration of all peoples. safety net. man and nature. Against such a backdrop, a large -- The past decade has seen the There is a popular saying here in number of emerging market and BRICS countries endeavoring to southern Fujian, "Dedicate yourself developing countries have come to f u l f i l l t h e i r i n t e r n a t i o n a l and you will win," which embodies an the fore, playing an ever greater role in responsibility. Committed to enterprising spirit. Xiamen's success international affairs. BRICS multilateralism, fairness and justice, is a good example demonstrating the cooperation is a natural choice made our five countries have staked out our perseverance of the 1.3 billion-plus by our five countries, as we all share a positions on major regional and Chinese people. In close to 40 years of desire for peace and development. In international issues and made our reform and opening up, under the the past decade, we BRICS countries proposals to address them. We have leadership of the Communist Party of have surged ahead and become a promoted refor m of global China, we Chinese have forged ahead, bright spot in the global economy. economic governance to increase the fearless and determined, and we have -- The past decade has seen the representation and say of emerging successfully embarked on a path of BRICS countries making headway in market and developing countries. As socialism with distinctive Chinese pursuing common development. The a champion of development, we have features. We have encountered sudden outbreak of the 2008 global taken the lead in implementing the difficulties and challenges on the way financial crisis left the world economy Millennium Development Goals and forward. But we have persevered and reeling, which is yet to fully recover. Sustainable Development Goals, and kept pace with the times. With Facing the external shock, our five engaged in close dialogue and dedication, courage and ingenuity, we countries have held the ground by cooperation with other developing are making great progress in pursuing strengthening the domestic economy, countries to pursue development development in today's China. boosting growth and improving through unity. people's livelihood. In the past ten As an old saying goes, the Ladies and Gentlemen, years, our combined GDP has grown construction of a tall building starts Dear Friends, by 179%, trade by 94% and urban with its foundation. We have laid the BRICS cooperation has now population by 28%. All this has foundation and put in place the reached a cr ucial stag e of contributed significantly to stabilizing framework of BRICS cooperation. development. In assessing its the global economy and returning it to In reviewing the past progress of performance, it is important to bear growth, and it has delivered tangible BRICS cooperation, I believe there two things in mind: the historical benefits to three billion and more are three important practices that course of global development and people. should be carried forward. evolving international landscape and -- The past decade has seen the First, treating each other as the historical process of development BRICS countries advancing results- equals and seeking common ground of the BRICS countries, both oriented and mutually beneficial while shelving differences. In terms individually and collectively, in the cooperation. Leveraging our of BRICS cooperation, decisions are context of which BRICS cooperation respective strengths and converging made through consultation among us is pursued. interests, we have put in place a all, not by one country alone. We We are in a great era of l e a d e r s - d r i ve n c o o p e r a t i o n respect each other's path and model development, transformation and framework that covers wide-ranging of development, accommodate each adjustment. Although conflict and areas and multiple levels. A number other's concerns and work to poverty are yet to be eliminated of cooperation projects have been enhance strategic communication globally, the trend toward peace and launched that are in keeping with our and political mutual trust. Given development has grown ever five countries' development strategies differences in national conditions, stronger. Our world today is and meet the interests of our peoples. history and culture, it is only natural

News From China September 2017 31 BRICS Summit 2017 that we may have some differences in bound us in the past decade's accomplish, which is growing our pursuing our cooperation. However, cooperation. This spirit, constantly economies and strengthening with strong faith in cooperation and enriched over the years, has not only cooperation. We should build on past commitment to enhancing trust, we benefited our peoples but also success, chart the course for future can achieve steady progress in our enabled us to make a difference in the cooperation and embark on a new cooperation. world. journey to jointly usher in the second Second, taking a results-oriented, "Golden Decade" of BRICS innovative approach to make our Ladies and Gentlemen, cooperation. cooperation benefit all. BRICS is not a Dear Friends, First, we should boost BRICS talking shop, but a task force that gets Reviewing past progress helps us cooperation to create new impetus things done. Our goal is to build a big forge ahead in the right direction. for economic growth of our five market of trade and investment, Currently, the global economy has countries. In recent years, thanks to promote smooth flow of currency resumed growth, with emerging our strengths in ter ms of and finance, improve connectivity of market and developing countries commodities supply, cost of human infrastructure and build close bond delivering a strong performance. A resources and international market between the people. In pursuing this new round of technological and demand, our five countries have goal, our five countries are engaged in industrial revolution is in the making, driven global growth. As our five practical cooperation across the and reform and innovation are economies continue to grow, board, covering several dozen areas, gaining momentum. We have enough however, issues concerning resources including economy, trade, finance, reason to believe that our world will allocation and industrial structure science, technology, education, be a better place. have become more acute. At the same culture and health, thus giving On the other hand, more than time, the global economic structure is concrete expression to the endeavor 700 million people are still living in going through profound changes, of building a new type of hunger; tens of millions of people are evidenced by shrinking global international relations featuring win- displaced and become refugees; so demand and rising financial risks. All win cooperation. many people, including innocent this has posed challenges to the Third, developing ourselves to children, are killed in conflicts. The traditional strengths of the BRICS help others with the well-being of the global economy is still not healthy economies, taking us to a crucial stage world in our mind. Having gone enough and remains in a period of where we must work harder to through an arduous course of adjustment featuring weak growth, overcome difficulties. development, we BRICS countries and new growth drivers are yet to How should we get through this share the agony of those people who emerge. Economic globalization is stage? Growth rate alone is not the are still caught in chaos and poverty. facing more uncertainties. Emerging answer. Instead, we should, on the Since the very beginning, our five market and developing countries find basis of our current conditions and countries have been guided by the themselves in a more complex bearing in mind the long-term goal, principle of dialogue without external environment. The long road advance structural reform and confrontation, partnership without to global peace and development will explore new growth drivers and alliance. We are committed to not be a smooth one. development paths. We should seize observing the purposes and principles Some people, seeing that the opportunity presented by the new of the UN Charter, international law emerging market and developing industrial revolution to promote and basic nor ms g over ning countries have experienced growth growth and change growth model international relations in conducting setbacks, assert that the BRICS through innovation. We should state-to-state relations. When countries are losing their luster. It is p u r s u e i n n o v a t i o n - d r i v e n developing ourselves, we are ready to true that affected by complex internal development created by smart share development opportunities and external environments, we manufacturing, the "Internet Plus" with other countries. The philosophy BRICS countries have encountered model, digital economy and sharing of BRICS cooperation has gained headwinds of varying intensity. But economy, stay ahead of the curve and g r o w i n g a p p r e c i a t i o n a n d the growth potential and trend of our move faster to replace old growth endorsement, and it has become a countries remain unchanged, and we drivers with new ones. We should positive energy in the international are fully confident about it. eliminate impediments to economic community. It is time to set sail when the tide development through reform, All this is what the BRICS spirit is rises. Going forward, we BRICS remove systemic and institutional about. It is the shared value that has countries have a major task to barriers, and energize the market and

32 News From China September 2017 BRICS Summit 2017 the society, so as to achieve better should shoulder our responsibilities take a holistic approach to fighting quality, more resilient and sustainable to uphold global peace and stability. terrorism in all its forms, and address growth. Peace and development underpin and both its symptoms and root causes, Despite different national reinforce each other. People around terrorists will have no place to hide. conditions, we BRICS countries are at the world want peace and When dialogue, consultation and a similar development stage and share cooperation, not conflict or negotiation are conducted to create the same development goals. We confrontation. Thanks to the joint conditions for achieving political should jointly explore ways to boost efforts of all countries, global peace settlement of issues such as Syria, innovation-driven growth. This has reigned for more than half a Libya and the Palestine-Israel r e q u i r e s u s t o i m p r o v e century. However, incessant conflicts conflict, the flame of war can be put macroeconomic policy coordination, in some parts of the world and out, and displaced refugees will synergize our respective development hotspot issues are posing challenges eventually return to their homes. strategies, leverage our strengths in to world peace. The intertwined Thirdly, we BRICS countries terms of industrial structure and threats of terrorism and lack of should contribute to enhancing resources endowment, and create cybersecurity, among others, have cast global economic governance. Only value chains and a big market for a dark shadow over the world. openness delivers progress, and only shared interests, so as to achieve We BRICS countries are inclusiveness sustains such progress. interconnected development. Basing committed to upholding global peace Due to sluggish global growth in ourselves on our own practices of and contributing to the international recent years, such issues as uneven reform and innovation, we should security order. This year, we have held development, inadequate governance blaze a new path which may also help the Meeting of High Representatives and deficit of fairness have become other emerging market and for Security Issues and the Meeting of more acute, and protectionism and developing countries to seize M i n i s t e r s o f F o r e i g n inward-looking mentality are on the opportunities and meet challenges. Affairs/International Relations. We rise. The global economy and global Economic cooperation is the have put in place the regular meeting economic governance system, having foundation of the BRICS mechanism. mechanism for our permanent entered a period of adjustment, face With this focus in mind, we should representatives to the multilateral new challenges. implement the Strategy for BRICS institutions, and convened the We should not ignore problems E c o n o m i c P a r t n e r s h i p , Foreign Policy Planning Dialogue, the arising from economic globalization institutionalize and substantiate Meeting of Counter-Terrorism or just complain about them. Rather, cooperation in various sectors, and Working Group, the Meeting of we should make joint efforts to find continue to enhance the performance Cybersecurity Working Group, and solutions. We should work together of BRICS cooperation. This year, we the Consultation on Peacekeeping with other members of the have made progress in the operation Operations. These efforts aim to international community to step up of the New Development Bank and strengthen consultation and dialogue, coordination and Contingent Reserve Arrangement, coordination on major international cooperation and contribute to and in e-commerce, trade and and regional issues and build synergy upholding and securing global investment facilitation, trade in among the BRICS countries. We economic stability and growth. To services, local currency bond should uphold the purposes and this end, we should promote the issuance, scientific and technological principles of the UN Charter and building of an open global economy, innovation, industrial cooperation basic norms governing international advance trade and investment and public-private partnership, thus r e l a t i o n s , f i r m l y s u p p o r t liberalization and facilitation, jointly expanding and intensifying economic multilateralism, work for greater build new global value chains, and cooperation. We should continue to democracy in international relations, rebalance economic globalization. implement agreements and consensus and oppose hegemonism and power Doing so will bring benefits to people already reached and better leverage politics. We should foster the vision across the world. We five countries the role of current mechanisms. We of common, comprehensive, should open more to each other, should also actively explore new ways cooperative and sustainable security, expand converging interests in this and new areas of practical and take a constructive part in the process, take an inclusive approach cooperation and strengthen our ties to process of resolving geopolitical and share opportunities, so as to ensure durable and fruitful BRICS hotspot issues and make our due create even brighter prospects for cooperation. contributions. growing the economies of the five Secondly, we BRICS countries I am convinced that as long as we countries.

News From China September 2017 33 BRICS Summit 2017

The development of emerging development partnerships to get It is true that as China's reform market and developing countries is more emerging market and endeavors have entered a crucial not intended to move the cheese of developing countries involved in our stage where tough challenges must be anyone but to make the pie of the concerted endeavors for cooperation met, some underlying difficulties and global economy bigger. We should and mutual benefits. problems have surfaced, which must join hands to steer the course of During the Xiamen Summit, be addressed with resolve and economic globalization, offer more China will hold the Dialogue of determination. As a Chinese saying vision and public goods, make the Emerging Market and Developing goes, "Effective medicine tastes governance model and rules more Countries, where leaders of five bitter." The medicine that we have balanced and inclusive, and improve countries from different regions will prescribed for ourselves is to carry and reshape international division of be invited to join the BRICS leaders in out all-round reform. Over the past labor and global value chains. We discussing global development five years, we have adopted over should work to reform the global cooperation and South-South 1,500 reform measures covering all economic governance system to make cooperation as well as the sectors, with breakthroughs made in it commensurate with the reality of implementation of the 2030 Agenda multiple areas, and the reform is the global economic architecture. We for Sustainable Development. being pursued with greater intensity. should also improve governance rules Mutual understanding and The pace of economic structural for the new domains of deep sea, friendship among peoples are crucial adjustment and industrial upgrading polar regions, outer space and to enhancing BRICS cooperation and has accelerated. China's economy has cyberspace, so as to ensure that all building extensive partnerships. We maintained steady and sound countries share both rights and should fully leverage the role of performance, and new drivers responsibilities. people-to-people and cultural sustaining development have grown Fourthly, we should increase the exchanges and encourage extensive in strength. In the first half of this influence of BRICS and build public participation in BRICS year, China's economy grew by 6.9%, extensive partnerships. As a cooperation. We should hold more the value added from services cooperation platform with global events like cultural festivals, movie accounted for 54.1% of the GDP, influence, BRICS cooperation is more festivals and sports games that are and 7.35 million urban jobs were than about our five countries. Rather, popular among the people so that the created. All these achievements have it carries the expectations of emerging BRICS story will be told everywhere proven that deepening all-round market and developing countries and and the exchanges and friendship of reform is the right path that we indeed the international community. the peoples of our five countries will should continue to follow. Guided by the principle of open and become an inexhaustible source of Going forward, China will inclusive cooperation, we BRICS strength driving BRICS cooperation. continue to put into practice the countries place high premium on vision of innovative, coordinated, cooperation with other emerging Ladies and Gentlemen, g r e e n , o p e n a n d i n c l u s ive market and developing countries and Dear Friends, development. We will adapt to and have established effective dialogue The past decade has not only seen steer the new normal of economic mechanisms with them. solid progress in the BRICS development, push forward supply- As a Chinese saying goes, "It is cooperation mechanism; it has also side structural reform, accelerate the easy to break one arrow but hard to witnessed the unfolding of all-round building of a new system for an open break ten arrows bundled together." reform and opening up in China and e c o n o m y, d r i v e e c o n o m i c We should leverage our respective its rapid economic and social development with innovation, and strengths and influence, promote development. Over these ten years, achieve sustainable development. South-South cooperation and North- China's economic aggregate has China will stay firmly committed to South dialogue, pool the collective grown by 239% and its total volume peaceful development and make even strengths of all countries and jointly of exports and imports in goods risen greater contribution to global peace defuse risks and meet challenges. We by 73%. China has become the and development. should expand the coverage of world's second largest economy, the Last May, China successfully BRICS cooperation and deliver its lives of its 1.3 billion-plus people have hosted the Belt and Road Forum for benefits to more people. We should been significantly improved, and International Cooperation, which promote the "BRICS Plus" China has made increasingly greater was attended by 29 heads of state or cooperation approach and build an contribution to both regional and government and over 1,600 open and diversified network of global economic development. representatives from more than 140

34 News From China September 2017 BRICS Summit 2017 countries and 80-plus international Development. lives. The Chinese government will organizations. This ushered in a new The business community of the continue to encourage Chinese stage of translating the Belt and Road BRICS countries is the main force companies to operate and take root in Initiative from vision to action and driving our economic development. other countries, and likewise, we also from planning to implementation. Over the last decade, you have warmly welcome foreign companies Forum participants discussed ways of incorporated business development to invest and operate in China. promoting cooperation and into BRICS cooperation, thus making development and reached broad important contribution to forging Ladies and Gentlemen, consensus. Let me make this clear: BRICS economic partnerships. The Dear Friends, The Belt and Road Initiative is not a reason why we are holding the We BRICS countries will enter a tool to advance any geopolitical Business Forum on the eve of the second decade of more vibrant agenda, but a platform for practical Summit is to solicit your views and growth. Let us work together with cooperation. It is not a foreign aid advice, so that we can work together other members of the international scheme, but an initiative for to make the Xiamen Summit a success community. Let our cooperation interconnected development which and enable BRICS cooperation to deliver more benefits to the peoples calls for extensive consultation, joint deliver. I hope you will leverage your of our five countries. Let the benefits contribution and shared benefits. I am strengths in terms of information, of global peace and development convinced that the Belt and Road technology and funding to launch reach all the people in the world. Initiative will serve as a new platform more practical and mutually beneficial In conclusion, I wish the for all countries to achieve win-win cooperation projects that benefit our Business Forum every success. cooperation and that it will create new countries and peoples. What you do opportunities for implementing the will help spur economic and social Thank you! 2030 Agenda for Sustainable development and improve people's XI JINPING ATTENDS DIALOGUE BETWEEN LEADERS OF BRICS COUNTRIES AND BRICS BUSINESS COUNCIL AND OPENING CEREMONY OF THE BRICS CULTURAL FESTIVAL AND PHOTO EXHIBITION On September 4, 2017, President After listening to the work report technical development, standard Xi Jinping attended and addressed the presented by the representatives of setting, the experience sharing in Dialogue between Leaders of BRICS the Business Council and the New digital economy and other aspects, Countries and the BRICS Business Development Bank (NDB), Xi receiving sound results. The NDB Council in Xiamen. President Michel Jinping pointed out that it is pleased h a s p r e s s e d a h e a d t h e Temer of Brazil, President Vladimir to see the fact that the Business implementation of new projects Putin of Russia, Prime Minister Council and the NDB have made steadily, with the recent opening of its Narendra Modi of India and significant achievements. The African regional center, work President Jacob Zuma of South Business Council has carried out a lot beginning on its headquarters, and Africa attended the dialogue. of works in the fields of e-commerce, constant progress in business

News From China September 2017 35 BRICS Summit 2017

operations and mechanisms First, promote BRICS countries bid to drive common development of construction. At present, there are to achieve mutual benefit and win-win emerging market economies and both opportunities and challenges in results. We need to give play to developing countries. enhancing practical economic respective advantages and lead cooperation among BRICS countries, business and financial circles to Third, boost people-to-people with the significance and urgency transform the leaders' common bonds among BRICS countries. rising. The results made by the ground into concrete action, During the process of advancing Business Council and the NDB implement Strategy for the BRICS practical cooperation, we should not demonstrated the vitality and Economic Partnership and tighten only pursue economic benefits, but potential of BRICS cooperation. I interest bond, so as to achieve focus on social benefits, so as to make extend congratulations to the two common development. BRICS cooperation benefit peoples institutions for their works. and consolidate the public opinion Second, help BRICS countries to foundation. Xi Jinping stressed that during the realize economic development. We summit, the BRICS leaders have need to follow the latest technological At last, Xi Jinping pointed out unanimously agreed to forge the next and industrial revolutions, try at first that on the occasion of ushering in a "golden decade" and elevate BRICS to open up space for the economic new decade of BRICS cooperation, I cooperation to new highs. It is hoped development of BRICS countries, wish the Business Council and the that the Business Council and the and inject new imputes into it. We NDB could unite all efforts to make NDB to make use of the opportunity, should comply with the general new contributions to a better future aim higher and work harder to achieve situation of economic globalization of BRICS cooperation. a greater development. and deepen cooperation with enterprises from other countries, in a Other BRICS leaders also spoke

36 News From China September 2017 BRICS Summit 2017

highly of works made by the Business Cooperation, BRICS Action Plan for Exhibition. Xi Jinping and the leaders Council and the NDB in their Innovation Cooperation, Strategic of other BRICS countries pressed the speeches, and believed that the two Framework of BRICS Customs seal on respective seal pillars, and the institutions will enhance BRICS Cooperation, and Memorandum of images of BRICS countries' Chinese cooperation and make greater Understanding between the BRICS s e a l - c u t t i n g n a m e s w e r e contributions to the development of Business Council and the New simultaneously displayed on the BRICS countries. Development Bank on Strategic screen in front of them. All leaders Cooperation. jointly initiated the opening In the end, representatives of the ceremony of the BRICS Cultural Business Council of all BRICS About 300 people, including Festival. Later on, leaders of the five countries presented the BRICS members of the BRICS Business countries visited the BRICS Cultural Business Council Annual Report to Council, representatives from Festival and Photo Exhibition, and respective leaders. business circle and NDB President watched the trailer of "Where Has attended the dialogue. Time Gone", the first film co- After the dialogue, leaders of produced by BRICS countries. BRICS countries witnessed the On the same day, leaders of signing of four cooperation BRICS countries jointly attended the Wang Huning, Li Zhanshu, Yang documents, namely BRICS Action opening ceremony of the BRICS Jiechi and others attended above Agenda on Economic and Trade Cultural Festival and Photo activities.

News From China September 2017 37 BRICS Summit 2017 XI JINPING AND PENG LIYUAN WELCOME LEADERS AND THEIR SPOUSES, GUESTS FROM BRICS AND COUNTRIES INVITED BY DIALOGUE BETWEEN EMERGING MARKET ECONOMIES AND DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

On September 4, 2017, President Xiamen embraces sea breeze and coast of East China Sea. Xi Jinping and his wife Mme. Peng pleasant shade of emerald trees in Liyuan held a banquet at the Xiamen early September. National flags are At around 6:25 p.m., leaders and International Convention Center, fluttering in the wind and flowers are their spouses from BRICS and welcoming leaders and their spouses, blossoming eagerly to wait for the countries invited by the Dialogue guests from BRICS and countries arrival of friends and distinguished b e t w e e n E m e r g i n g M a r k e t invited by the Dialogue between guests coming from afar in front of Economies and Developing Emerging Market Economies and the Xiamen International Convention Countries arrived on the scene one Developing Countries. Center, which is located along the after another. Xi Jinping and Mme.

38 News From China September 2017 BRICS Summit 2017

Peng Liyuan shook hands with the economy, people living in peaceful dream and pursuit will make us good guests one by one and exchanged and happy life and with close foreign friends and partners. For emerging greetings. Xi Jinping and Mme. Peng exchanges. It is a window for China’s market economies and developing Liyuan posed for a group photo with opening up and a land of innovation countries, as long as we share the leaders and their spouses in front of and development. Today, leaders of same aspiration, work in concerted the colossal ink painting “World BRICS invited for the Dialogue efforts, help and defense for each Cultural Heritage Gulangyu”. between BRICS countries, emerging other and walk hand in hand, a market economies and developing development miracle of “turning soil In the banquet hall were bright countries gathered in Xiamen for to gold” will be achieved, and our lights and houseful of guests of joint discussion on cooperation, peoples will enjoy a good living with exalted ranks. In the cheerful music of leaving the city of glamour with new ample food and clothing. welcoming guests, Xi Jinping and stories. Mme. Peng Liyuan walked into the Xi Jinping stressed that today, the banquet hall tog ether with Xi Jinping pointed out that the BRICS Xiamen Summit successfully distinguished guests. emerging market economies and convened in Xiamen, yielding fruitful developing countries own great, achievements. Tomorrow, we will Xi Jinping delivered a speech to diligent and intelligent people, have a also hold a Dialogue between warmly welcome the arrival of all the good vision of getting rid of poverty emerging market economies and leaders and guests on behalf of the and backwardness and living a happy developing countries to discuss on Chinese government and Chinese life, and possess the relentless pursuit the plans of inter national people. Xi Jinping pointed out that for justice, fairness, peace and development and cooperation. It is Xiamen is a modern and international development. Although we are hoped that the Xiamen Summit could metropolis, with prosperous thousands miles apart, the common open a new door for cooperation and

News From China September 2017 39 BRICS Summit 2017 development, usher in the second enthusiastic love to the motherland. people’s longing and hope for “Golden Decade” of BRICS The dance “Huian Women’s style” happiness. The performance party cooperation, and open up a bright showed the scene filled with great fun ended in the beautiful melody of the future for emerging markets and joy of harvest in the fishing song “Sailing to the Future”, which economies and developing countries. village of Fujian Province and China’s can well demonstrate our wish: let us intangible cultural heritage-foot- join our hands together in Xiamen to After the banquet, Xi Jinping and pressing drum created the cheerful usher in a new “Golden Decade” of Mme. Peng Liyuan headed for the unique rhythms and vocals. “Birds B R I C S c o o p e r a t i o n . T h e Banlam Grand Theater with Flying Back to Nests” of Nanyin performance party is composed of distinguished guests to watch the art (Chord of Quanzhou, a kind of five chapters, namely “Sea Wind”, performance themed “Sailing to the ancient Chinese music), depicted the “Sea Sky”, “Sea Rhyme”, “Sea Tide” Future”. scene of birds flying and frolicking, and “Sea Dream”. The ingenious which symbolizes auspiciousness, idea, dreamy light and shadow, and The party kicked off among the blessing, happiness and well-being. wonderful performance made it an young performers’ dances. Between The dance showing the traditional audiovisual feast, and gained constant the blue sea and azure sky, they are wedding of the She ethnic minority influxes of applause in the course. fearless of the turbulent waves but sail was cheerful and warm. Under the toward a better future. Piano and moonlight, the children whispered to Wang Huning, Li Zhanshu, Yang string quartet co-interpreted and sing the nursery rhymes “Moon and Jiechi and others attended above performed a song of “Great Sea, My Moonlight” of southern Fujian to lit activities. Home” to express people’s affection the red lanterns of blessing. The aria to their hometown and the “No One Sleeps Tonight” expressed XI JINPING CHAIRS DIALOGUE OF EMERGING MARKET AND DEVELOPING COUNTRIES AND DELIVERS IMPORTANT SPEECH – Stressing to Jointly Implement 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, Jointly Build Extensive Development Partnerships and Join Hands to Blaze Fair, Open, Comprehensive and Innovative Development Path On September 5, 2017, President Sustainable Development, seize the Leaders of BRICS countries Xi Jinping chaired the Dialogue of historic opportunities of world including President Michel Temer of Emerging Market and Developing economic restructuring, build Brazil, President Vladimir Putin of Countries at Xiamen International extensive development partnerships, Russia, Prime Minister Narendra Conference Center and delivered an and blaze a new path to development Modi of India and President Jacob important speech, stressing that all that is fair, open, comprehensive and Zuma of South Africa as well as state parties need to work more closely to innovative, so as to make greater leaders of countries invited for the build an open world economy, contribution to world economic Dialogue including President Abdel implement the 2030 Agenda for growth. Fattah al-Sisi of Egypt, President

40 News From China September 2017 BRICS Summit 2017

Alpha Condt of , President At around 10: 10 a.m., Xi Jinping Xi Jinping pointed out that since Emomali Rahmon of Tajikistan and announced the opening of the we entered the 21st century, the Prime Minister Prayut Chan-o-cha of meeting. collective rise of emerging market attended the Dialogue. and developing countries has become Centering on the theme of Later on, Xi Jinping delivered an an irreversible trend of our times. Strengthening Mutually-Beneficial important speech under the theme of Given the new circumstances, C o o p e r a t i o n f o r C o m m o n Strengthening Mutually-Beneficial emerging market and developing Development and taking the C o o p e r a t i o n f o r C o m m o n countries need to pull together and implementation of the 2030 Agenda Development. Xi Jinping pointed out work hand in hand more confidently for Sustainable Development as the that during the BRICS Summit, other to foster a favorable environment for mainline, leaders of all countries emerging market and developing greater development, and make exchanged in-depth views on countries were invited by BRICS bigger contribution to global growth. implementing the Agenda for countries for communication and Sustainable Development and exchanges. This kind of dialogue is First, we need to work more building extensive development conducive to strengthening unity and closely to build an open world partnerships, and jointly discussed the cooperation among emerging market economy. We need to support the major plans for international and developing countries, and multilateral trading regime and development cooperation and South- beneficial to the development of rebalance economic globalization to South cooperation, reaching BRICS mechanism itself. make it more inclusive and equitable. important consensus. We need to strengthen coordination

News From China September 2017 41 BRICS Summit 2017 on positions, work toward a positive to honor their commitments, to development partnerships. As a outcome at the upcoming 11th WTO observe such principles as common Chinese saying goes, "A single flower Ministerial Conference, make but differentiated responsibilities, and does not herald spring; a single wild progress on the remaining items of to increase support to developing goose cannot make a formation." By the Doha Development Round, and countries. As the is deepening practical cooperation and provide direction to the multilateral c o n s i d e r i n g r e f o r m o f i t s tapping into complementarity, we can trading regime. We need to promote development system, we need to multiply the impact. We need to make greater representation and voice of ensure that the reform will focus on good use of BRICS, G77 and other emerging market and developing development and bring more input to similar mechanisms, broaden South- countries in global economic truly serve the need of developing South cooperation on a larger scale, g ove r n a n c e, a n d f o s t e r a n countries. and jointly address global challenges. international economic order that is We also need to forge chains of fairer and more equitable. Third, we need to work more interconnected development and closely to seize the historic seek strength through unity. The Second, we need to work more opportunities of world economic purpose of holding the Dialogue of closely to implement the 2030 Agenda restructuring. We must take bold steps emerging market and developing for Sustainable Development. We of innovation and reform, press countries by China is to foster a need to implement our national ahead with economic structural network of partnerships and to build development strategies in the context adjustment, and invigorate domestic a c o m m u n i t y o f c o m m o n of the Sustainable Development drivers for growth. At the same time, development and shared future. Agenda and in light of our respective we must formulate our social policy in national conditions. This will help us a way that meets people's basic needs Xi Jinping noted that China find a path of sustainable and work all out to ensure a better life attaches great importance to the 2030 development featuring coordinated for our people. We need to enhance A g e n d a f o r S u s t a i n a b l e economic, social and ecological the alignment of our development Development, and has attained early progress. We need to better leverage s t r a t e g i e s, a n d s t r e n g t h e n harvests on economic, social, the role of the United Nations, and cooperation in best practices sharing environmental and many other accelerate the implementation of the and capacity-building as a way to fronts. In order to promote Sustainable Development Agenda. support each other's pursuit of i n t e r n a t i o n a l d e v e l o p m e n t We need to urge developed countries economic development. cooperation, China will actively help

Fourth, we need to work more c l o s e l y t o b u i l d e x t e n s i ve

42 News From China September 2017 BRICS Summit 2017 fellow developing countries in Let us work together to blaze a new among emerging market and implementing the Sustainable path to development that is fair, open, developing countries given the new Development Agenda. China will comprehensive and innovative. situation. All parties agreed to hold provide 500 million US dollars to the high the banner of development, Assistance Fund for South-South Afterwards, leaders of other comprehensively implement the UN Cooperation to help fellow BRICS countries and leaders of 2030 Agenda for Sustainable developing countries tackle famine, countries invited for the Dialogue Development, support the UN's refugee, climate change, delivered speeches respectively. central role, and create a sound and other challenges. China will Commending the Dialogue of development environment. All enhance development experience- Emerging Market and Developing parties agreed to deepen South-South sharing and capacity-building Countries held by China as the cooperation and build more cooperation with other countries. rotating presidency of BRICS, all extensive development partnerships. leaders supported to build extensive Xi Jinping pointed out that this development partnerships, and hoped After the Dialogue, the Chinese May, China successfully held the Belt to continue to conduct this kind of side issued the Presidential and Road Forum for International dialogue, in a bid to advance South- Statement, introducing the principles Cooperation. The philosophy and South cooperation and international and consensus reached at the vision of the Belt and Road Initiative development cooperation. All parties meeting, showing the confidence and have much in common with the 2030 highly spoke of the positive determination of all parties to Agenda for Sustainable Development significance of the joint construction implement the Ag enda for and the two can very well complement of the Belt and Road Initiative to the Sustainable Development, and and reinforce each other. The Belt and implementation of the 2030 Agenda sending positive signals of unity and Road is as much a path of cooperation for Sustainable Development. cooperation among emerging market as one of hope and mutual benefit. and developing countries. At last, Xi Jinping made a Xi Jinping stressed that emerging summary of the meeting. He pointed Before the Dialogue, Xi Jinping market and developing countries out that the meeting today is fairly took a group photo with leaders of all represent the future of world successful, during which leaders of all countries present. development. It is our duty to countries reached important promote international development consensus. All parties unanimously Wang Huning, Li Zhanshu, Yang cooperation and implement the stressed that it is of great significance Jiechi and others attended the Sustainable Development Agenda. to strengthen unity and cooperation Dialogue. XI JINPING MEETS WITH CHINESE AND FOREIGN JOURNALISTS On September 5, 2017, President concluded yesterday. The summit countries believed that BRICS Xi Jinping met with Chinese and adopted BRICS Leaders Xiamen c o u n t r i e s s h o u l d d e e p e n foreign journalists at Xiamen Declaration, reiterated the BRICS communication and coordination in International Conference Center, spirit of openness, inclusiveness, and major issues, safeguard the basic briefing on the ninth BRICS Xiamen w i n - w i n c o o p e r a t i o n , norms governing international Summit and the Dialogue of comprehensively summed up the relations, cooperate to cope with Emerging Market and Developing successful experience gained from the various global challenges, and speed Countries. first decade of BRICS cooperation, up the reform on global economic and mapped out new blueprints for governance. BRICS countries should Xi Jinping pointed out that the strengthening BRICS partnership and s t r e n g t h e n m a c r o p o l i c y BRICS Xiamen Summit successfully deepening practical cooperation in coordination, integrate development various fields. Leaders of the five strategies, deepen political security

News From China September 2017 43 BRICS Summit 2017 cooperation, enhance strategic mutual Countries. Leaders of BRICS Xi Jinping noted that South trust, and make people-to-people and countries, Egypt, Mexico, Thailand, Africa will take over BRICS cultural exchanges activities take place Tajikistan and Guinea discussed presidency and hold the tenth BRICS regularly and be institutionalized to together the undertakings of Summit in Johannesburg next year. deepen understanding and friendship i n t e r n a t i o n a l d e v e l o p m e n t The Chinese side is willing to, among peoples of the five countries. cooperation, agreed to establish together with all parties, spare no BRICS countries should keep pace extensive development partnerships efforts in supporting South Africa to with the times and enhance BRICS and speed up the implementation of hold the summit, and jointly push mechanism construction to provide the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable forward BRICS cooperation for solid guarantee for in-depth and Development, and send out a strong continuous development. It is practical cooperation in various fields. signal of deepening South-South believed that through the joint efforts Leaders of all countries determined to cooperation and global development of various countries and all circles, take the Xiamen Summit as a new cooperation. Leaders of all countries the prospect of BRICS cooperation beginning to jointly forge a closer, agreed to forge the “BRICS Plus” will surely be brighter, and the future more extensive and comprehensive cooperation pattern, jointly walk out a of BRICS countries will surely be strategic partnership to usher in the sustainable development road better. second “golden decade” of BRICS featuring innovation, coordination, cooperation. green, openness and sharing, and Wang Huning, Li Zhanshu, Yang inject more positive energy into the Jiechi and others attended the press Xi Jinping pointed out that during world economic growth and common conference. the summit, China held the Dialogue development of various countries. of Emerging Market and Developing

44 News From China September 2017 External Affairs

External Affairs XI JINPING MEETS WITH PRESIDENT VLADIMIR PUTIN OF RUSSIA

On September 3, 2017, President comprehensively implementing the construction and the Eurasian Xi Jinping met with President consensus reached by the two heads Economic Union, speed up and carry Vladimir Putin of Russia in Xiamen. of state and pushing forward out the alignment in connectivity and cooperation in various fields for new other projects, so as to promote Xi Jinping welcomed Vladimir outcomes. Both sides should c o m m o n d e v e l o p m e n t i n Putin to attend the ninth BRICS consolidate the already established neighboring regions of the two Xiamen Summit and the Dialogue high-level political mutual trust, countries. Both sides should intensify b e t w e e n E m e r g i n g M a r k e t firmly increase mutual support, and people-to-people and cultural and Economies and Developing enhance strategic coordination. Both local exchanges, strengthen mutual Countries in China. Xi Jinping sides should make use of bilateral understanding and friendship stressed that during my visit to Russia cooperation mechanisms, implement between the two peoples, enhance this July, Mr. President and I reached cooperation projects in such major exchanges and cooperation between important consensus on deepening fields as energy, aviation and the two militaries, and intensify China-Russia comprehensive aerospace, and nuclear power, actively coordination and cooperation in strategic partnership of coordination. advance the docking cooperation international multilateral occasions. All departments of both countries are between the "Belt and Road" The Chinese side is willing to make

News From China September 2017 45 External Affairs

joint efforts with Russia to elevate together with BRICS countries bilateral military exchanges. Russia bilateral relations to new and higher including Russia, push forward the supports China in successfully levels, assist respective development Xiamen Summit for fruitful holding the BRICS Xiamen Summit and renewal, and jointly safeguard outcomes, well carry out the follow- and Dialogue between Emerging regional and world peace and stability. up implementation of the outcomes, Market Economies and Developing and spare no efforts to push forward Countries. Xi Jinping pointed out that under t h e i n - d e p t h a n d p r a c t i c a l t h e c u r r e n t c i r c u m s t a n c e , development of BRICS cooperation, Xi Jinping and Vladimir Putin strengthening BRICS cooperation in a bid to usher in the second "golden also exchanged in-depth views on and making it play a greater role in decade" of BRICS cooperation. international and regional issues of international affairs not only conform common concern, agreeing to stick to the common interests of the Vladimir Putin expressed that to the goal of denuclearization of the BRICS countries but also are the Russia-China relations continue to Korean Peninsula, intensify expectation of the international show a positive development communication and coordination, community, particularly the emerging momentum. The two countries and properly handle the latest market economies and developing maintain close high-level exchanges, situation of the Democratic People's countries. We should consolidate and it is fairly important to enhance Republic of Korea's nuclear test once unity and cooperation, send out bilateral comprehensive strategic again. positive signals, and focus on the partnership of coordination and overall situation of cooperation to deepen bilateral communication and After the meeting, the two heads plan the direction and emphasis of coordination in major international of state jointly visited the exhibition BRICS cooperation. We should and regional issues. The Russian side on intangible cultural heritage strengthen coordination and stands ready to, together with China, originated from southern Fujian. cooperation, elevate the influence in deepen cooperation in such fields as international affairs, and improve investment, energy, agriculture, Wang Huning, Li Zhanshu, Yang mechanism construction, so as to infrastr ucture, aviation and Jiechi and others attended above push for the stable and continuous aerospace, strengthen exchanges in activities. development of BRICS cooperation. culture, education, sports, media, The Chinese side is willing to, tourism and locality, and intensify

46 News From China September 2017 External Affairs XI JINPING HOLDS TALKS WITH PRESIDENT EMOMALI RAHMON OF TAJIKISTAN – The Two Heads of State Agree to Establish China-Tajikistan Comprehensive Strategic Partnership

On August 31, 2017, President Xi Dialogue between Emerging Market to push bilateral relations for greater Jinping held talks at the Great Hall of Economies and Developing development at a new historical the People with President Emomali Countries. The two heads of state starting point. Rahmon of Tajikistan, who was in agreed to establish China-Tajikistan China for the state visit and the comprehensive strategic partnership Xi Jinping pointed out that China

News From China September 2017 47 External Affairs and Tajikistan are intimate and China and Tajikistan should t e c h n o l o g i c a l p a r k s a n d friendly neighboring countries as well s t r e n g t h e n e x c h a n g e s a n d transpor tation connectivity. as strategic partners with high mutual cooperation in culture, education and Tajikistan attaches importance to trust. Since the establishment of youth, and consolidate the public cementing communication in diplomatic relations 25 years ago, opinion foundation of bilateral education, culture, youth and local both countries have always respected, friendship. affairs with China, and is ready to understood and supported each enhance coordination on regional other, making the development of Xi Jinping pointed out that the and international issues as well as bilateral relations achieve fruitful Shanghai Cooperation Organization cooperation in law enforcement and results. Bilateral high-level exchanges, (SCO) has played an important role in security between the two countries. political mutual trust and practical safeguarding regional stability and Tajikistan will give full support to cooperation have reached an prosperity since its establishment 16 China to well perform its duty as the unprecedented high level since the years ago. As rotating presidency of rotating presidency of the SCO. establishment of strategic partnership the SCO, China stands ready to between both countries in 2013. closely coordinate with Tajikistan to After the talks, the two heads of China is willing to, together with jointly elevate SCO's cooperation in state jointly signed and issued the Tajikistan, take the advancement of politics, security, economy, people-to- Joint Statement on Establishing bilateral relations to a comprehensive people and cultural exchanges, C o m p r e h e n s i v e S t r a t e g i c strategic par tnership as an external exchanges and mechanism Partnership Between the People's opportunity, so as to boost bilateral construction to new stages. In the Republic of China and the Republic relations for in-depth development. next stage, the SCO members should of Tajikistan, and witnessed the intensify security cooperation, s i g n i n g o f m o r e t h a n t e n Xi Jinping stressed that China promote connectivity and trade cooperation documents, including highly admires Tajikistan for actively facilitation progress, gradually foster the China-Tajikistan Cooperation supporting the "Belt and Road" an integrated development pattern in Action Plan, and agreements on initiative from the very beginning. the region, boost people-to-people science, technology, agriculture, Both sides should promote the in- and cultural exchanges and deepen energy, infrastructure, human depth docking of the "Belt and Road" mutual understanding and friendship resources, locality and media. construction with Tajikistan's among people of all countries. national development strategy for the Before the talks, Xi Jinping held a period up to 2030, well implement the Emomali Rahmon expressed that welcoming ceremony for Emomali planning outline of bilateral China is a good neighbor, good Rahmon at the square outside the c o o p e r a t i o n , a n d e n h a n c e partner and good brother of East Gate of the Great Hall of the cooperation in transportation, energy, Tajikistan. Bilateral relations have People. Member of the Political ports and network infrastructure achieved long-term development and Bureau of the Central Committee of construction to build an all-round both sides have established close the Communist Party of China connectivity pattern. The two sides relations in all areas including politics, (CPC) and Director of the Policy need to forge new cooperative growth economy, and people-to-people and Research Office of the CPC Central points, enhance ag ricultural cultural exchanges since the Committee Wang Huning, Member cooperation, deepen production establishment of diplomatic relations of the Political Bureau of the CPC capacity cooperation and support 25 years ago. Both countries have Central Committee, Member of the scientific and technical innovation developed fruitful economic and Secretariat of the CPC Central and communication. Both sides trade investment cooperation on the Committee and Director of the should strengthen economic and basis of equality and mutual benefit. General Office of the CPC Central trade cooperation. China supports Tajikistan actively suppor ts Committee Li Zhanshu, Vice Tajikistan to build cooperative links cooperation in the Silk Road Chair man of the Standing with Chinese financial institutions, the Economic Belt construction, and is Committee of National People's Silk Road Fund and the Asian willing to work with China to deeply Congress Qiangba Puncog, State Infrastructure Investment Bank, and tap bilateral cooperative potential, Councilor Yang Jiechi, Vice is ready to work with Tajikistan to and expand cooperation in such fields Chairman of the Chinese People's promote trade and investment as finance, agriculture, water Political Consultative Conference Lin facilitation. As countries with ancient conservancy, production capacity, Wenyi and others were present. civilizations along the Silk Road, energy, mining, scientific and

48 News From China September 2017 External Affairs XI JINPING HOLDS TALKS WITH PRESIDENT MICHEL TEMER OF BRAZIL – The Two Heads of State Agree to Advance China-Brazil Comprehensive Strategic Partnership for New and Greater Development

On September 1, 2017, President friendship between China and Brazil relationship between major Xi Jinping held talks at the Great Hall a n d a d v a n c e C h i n a - B r a z i l developing countries featuring of the People with President Michel comprehensive strategic partnership maturity and soundness. Over the Temer of Brazil, who was in China for for new and greater development. past year, cooperation between China a state visit, as well as the BRICS Xi Jinping pointed out that as the and Brazil has achieved steady Xiamen Summit and the Dialogue largest developing respectively in progress, with the "troika" of trade, b e t w e e n E m e r g i n g M a r k e t eastern and western hemispheres, investment, and finance achieving Economies and Developing China and Brazil are important good development. Bilateral Countries. The two heads of state emerging market economies. China- cooperation mechanisms have been agreed to deepen the traditional Brazil relations represent the operated smoothly and the two sides

News From China September 2017 49 External Affairs have maintained productive Organization (WTO), and conduct sectors as trade, investment, finance, communication and coordination in coordination and collaboration on and agriculture in an all-round BRICS cooperation and major global major international issues such as manner, and expand exchanges with hot issues. global economic governance and China in people-to-people and Xi Jinping emphasized that China sustainable development. cultural engagement, tourism and has been viewing and developing its Xi Jinping pointed out that over sports, so as to enhance the relationship with Brazil from a the past decade, the BRICS countries understanding and friendship strategic and overall perspective all the have opened up a new path featuring between the two peoples. Both Brazil time. China appreciates Brazil for its equality, mutual benefit, and win-win and China share similar stances under consistent adherence to the one- cooperation, and achieved a batch of such multilateral frameworks as the China policy and stands ready to work tangible results. China is willing to UN, the and the WTO, and keep with Brazil to continuously render work with Brazil to promote the c l o s e c o m m u n i c a t i o n a n d mutual understanding and support on "three-wheel drive" of economic coordination in global issues such as issues involving each other's core cooperation, political security and climate change and development. interests and major concerns. The two people-to-people and cultural Brazil will provide China with full sides should give play to such exchanges among the BRICS support in holding the BRICS mechanisms as the Brazil-China countries, thus initiating the second Xiamen Summit successfully, and High-level Coordination and "g olden decade" of BRICS stands ready to work with China to Cooperation Committee, promote cooperation. enhance solidarity and cooperation exchanges and cooperation in various Xi Jinping stressed that China among the BRICS countries and fields in a coordinated manner, firmly supports the to other developing countries. actively probe into the docking of the unite for self-development and After the talks, the two heads of "Belt and Road" initiative with the revitalization, and is committed to state jointly witnessed the signing of Investment Partnerships Program constructing a community of more than 10 bilateral cooperation and the Advance Plan of Brazil, and common destiny for China and Latin documents in production capacity, e- promote regional connectivity and America of joint development. commerce, quality inspection, interconnected development. Both Taking an active and open attitude electricity, tourism, health, financing, sides should put forward unimpeded towards cooperation with the South culture, sports, and other fields. trade, promote the sustained and American Common Market, China is Before the talks, Xi Jinping held a stable growth of bilateral trade, willing to improve the level of welcome ceremony for Michel Temer deepen innovation cooperation in cooperation between China and the at the square outside the East Gate of such fields as infrastructure South American Common Market. the . Wang constr uction, manufacturing, Michel Temer expressed that Huning, Li Zhanshu, Vice-Chairmen agriculture, mining industry, energy, Brazil and China enjoy close of the Standing Committee of the production capacity, and science and friendship. Brazil attaches great National People's Congress Wang technology, and expand exchanges importance to developing bilateral Chen, Yang Jiechi, and Vice- and cooperation in culture, media, comprehensive strategic partnership Chair man of the National tourism, sports, and other fields. Both as Brazil is a reliable partner of China. Committee of the Chinese People's sides should also further intensify Brazil is willing to, while pursuing Political Consultative Conference cooperation within such multilateral development in its national reform, Zhang Qingli attended the ceremony. frameworks as the UN, the G20, the strengthen mutually beneficial BASIC countries and the World Trade cooperation with China in such XI JINPING MEETS WITH PRESIDENT JACOB ZUMA OF SOUTH AFRICA On September 4, 2017, President BRICS Summit and the Dialogue Xi Jinping pointed out that in Xi Jinping met in Xiamen with b e t w e e n E m e r g i n g M a r k e t recent years, China-South Africa President Jacob Zuma of South Economies and Developing comprehensive strategic partnership Africa, who was in China for the 9th Countries. has maintained robust development

50 News From China September 2017 External Affairs

momentum with bilateral relations at on China-Africa Cooperation host people-to-people and cultural the best level in history. China stands (FOCAC) and comprehensively exchanges and celebration activities ready to reinforce coordination and deepen bilateral cooperation in marking the 20th anniversary of the cooperation with South Africa to various fields, in a bid to elevate establishment of China-South Africa constantly enrich the connotation of China-South Africa relation to new diplomatic relations next year, and bilateral comprehensive strategic highs. Both sides should continuously strengthen coordination and partnership with more cooperation understand and support each other collaboration in international and achievements, so as to realize on issues concerning respective core regional organizations such as common development and progress. interests and major concerns and BRICS, the G20, the UN and African cement bilateral high-level political Union. China supports African Xi Jinping stressed that at mutual trust. Major bilateral countries’ efforts in enhancing their present, China-South Africa overall cooperation consensus should be capacity building in peacekeeping. friendly cooperation has achieved e a r n e s t l y i m p l e m e n t e d a n d China and South Africa have always positive progress, with practical cooperation in maritime economy, maintained close communication and cooperation being advanced production capacity and other aspects cooperation under the BRICS smoothly. In the next step, China is s h o u l d b e a d v a n c e d w i t h framework, and China will closely willing to, together with South Africa, coordination. The two countries collaborate with South Africa at the actively implement the initiative of should enhance exchanges and time when South Africa takes over jointly constructing the “Belt and cooperation in culture, science and the presidency of BRICS next year. Road” and the outcomes of the technology, health, tourism, youth, Johannesburg Summit of the Forum women, media and other sectors, well Xi Jinping stressed that China

News From China September 2017 51 External Affairs and Africa are a community of shared Summit together with Africa’s 2063 outcomes. South Africa and China future featuring common interests Agenda so as to promote the h a v e a l w a y s k e p t c l o s e and challenges as well as a community common development of China and communication and coordination in of common interests with win-win South Africa. multilateral affairs. The country cooperation. No matter how the s t a n d s r e a d y t o t a k e t h e international situation changes, China Jacob Zuma expressed gratitude implementation of the outcomes of will be committed to realizing win- to China for the outstanding the FOCAC Johannesburg Summit win cooperation with Africa, and preparation for the BRICS Summit. as an opportunity to deepen mutually China’s resolution for common South Africa-China comprehensive beneficial cooperation between development and China’s support to strategic partnership is robust and South Africa and China as well as the cause of peace and development vigorous. The framework of bilateral between African countries and in Africa remain firm and unshakable. cooperation has been implemented China. South Africa is willing to China stands ready to make concerted smoothly, with bilateral cooperation support each other with China in well efforts with African countries in mechanism yielding significant hosting the BRICS Summit this year better combining the implementation achievements and bilateral exchanges and next year. of the joint construction of the “Belt and cooperation in economy, trade, and Road” initiative and China-Africa investment, infrastructure, people-to- Wang Huning, Li Zhanshu, Yang Ten Major Cooperation Plans set people and cultural engagement and Jiechi and others attended the forth at the FOCAC Johannesburg other sectors achieving positive meeting. XI JINPING HOLDS TALKS WITH SULTAN HAJI HASSANAL BOLKIAH OF BRUNEI – The Two Heads of State Jointly Map out Future Cooperation Between the Two Countries and Promote China-Brunei Relations for Greater Development in the New Era

On September 13, 2017, cooperative relations, constantly Xi Jinping stressed that both President Xi Jinping held talks at the deepened political mutual trust and sides should maintain high-level Great Hall of the People with Sultan made prominent achievements from exchanges, constantly deepen Haji Hassanal Bolkiah of Brunei. The mutually beneficial cooperation. 2017 p o l i t i c a l mu t u a l t r u s t a n d two heads of state agreed to jointly marks the start of the second 25 years continuously understand and support well map out the future cooperation of China-Brunei diplomatic relations each other on issues concerning between the two countries and with bilateral relations on a crucial respective core interests and major promote China-Brunei relations for stage inheriting the past and ushering concerns. China appreciates Brunei greater development in the new era, in the future. China is ready to, for actively responding to the Belt so as to better benefit the two peoples. together with Brunei, view bilateral and Road Initiative and stands ready relations from a strategic and long- to make concerted efforts with Xi Jinping pointed out that China term perspective, enhance experience Brunei, take the joint construction of and Brunei are neighboring countries exchanges in state governance and the ¡°Belt and Road¡± as an across the sea and friends and a d m i n i s t r a t i o n , r e i n f o r c e opportunity and follow the principle partners with mutual trust. Since the development strategy integration and of wide consultation, joint establishment of diplomatic relations, make practical cooperation in various construction and shared benefits to the two countries has transcended the fields bigger and stronger, in a bid to r e i n f o r c e c o o p e r a t i o n i n differences in national conditions and further promote respective domestic infrastructure construction, energy, social systems, established strategic development. halal food, agriculture, fishery, digital

52 News From China September 2017 External Affairs

economy and other fields. The two Association of Southeast Asian dream of the great rejuvenation of countries need to cement defense and Nations (ASEAN) and is ready to the Chinese nation will surely be law-enforcement cooperation to enhance integration between the Belt realized. Brunei-China relations elevate mutual trust and cooperation and Road Initiative and the e n j o y s o u n d d e v e l o p m e n t between the two militaries to a new development strategies of ASEAN, momentum since the establishment level. China and Brunei should promote the improvement and of diplomatic relations with fruitful enhance exchanges and cooperation upgrade of bilateral relations and outcomes yielded from cooperation in culture, education, sports, public boost the construction of ASEAN in various fields. Brunei will health, tourism, media, local contacts community. At present, the situation continuously adhere to the one- and other areas and consolidate the in the South China Sea is stabilizing China policy. The Bruneian side is public opinion foundation for and easing, displaying a positive carrying forward “Wawasan 2035”, bilateral friendship. Both sides should development momentum. China and welcomes Chinese enterprises to reinforce cooperation in regional and stands ready to work together with all participate in the process and actively international affairs and intensify relevant parties to make the South invest and establish business in communication and coordination China Sea a sea of peace, friendship Brunei. Brunei is willing to cement under such frameworks as the UN and and cooperation. practical cooperation with China in t h e A s i a - Pa c i f i c E c o n o m i c ag riculture, fisher y, energ y, Cooperation. Haji Hassanal Bolkiah expressed infrastructure construction, halal that Brunei congratulates China on food, digital economy and other Xi Jinping pointed out that China the tremendous achievements scored areas. The country is ready to, appreciates Brunei for actively in national construction, supports the together with China, maintain high- promoting the development of Belt and Road Initiative proposed by level exchanges, further expand relations between China and the China and believes that the Chinese people-to-people and cultural

News From China September 2017 53 External Affairs exchanges, jointly safeguard peace “Belt and Road” construction, Vice Premier Ma Kai, Vice Chairman and stability in the South China Sea infrastructure construction, public of the Standing Committee of the and push forward ASEAN-China health and other fields. National People’s Congress Chen relations for constant development. Zhu, Vice Chairman of the National Before the talks, Xi Jinping held a Committee of the Chinese People¡¯s After their talks, the two heads of welcome ceremony for Haji Hassanal Political Consultative Conference state jointly witnessed the signing of Bolkiah at the square outside the East Wang Jiarui and others were present. cooperation documents covering the Gate of the Great Hall of the People. LI KEQIANG MEETS WITH NEPALESE GUEST

On the afternoon of September Nepal. and rivers, and enjoy a long-standing 7, 2017, Premier Li Keqiang met at friendship. China hopes for unity Ziguangge of with Li Keqiang expressed that China among all factions in Nepal and Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign and Nepal are friendly neighboring smooth progress in their political Minister Krishna Bahadur Mahara of countries connected by mountains agenda to usher in a new phase of

54 News From China September 2017 China-India Relations lasting stability and prosperity for the as an opportunity to enhance Krishna Bahadur Mahara said country at an early date. China is connectivity, expand trade and that Nepal-China relations are a willing to, together with Nepal, investment, boost China-Nepal joint example in following the Five maintain high-level exchanges feasibility research on free trade Principles of Peaceful Coexistence. momentum to promote bilateral agreement and the construction of Nepal will continue to adhere to the friendship and cooperation to cross-border economic cooperative one-China policy, hopes to maintain continuously benefit the two zone, carry out production capacity high-level exchanges and deepen countries' independent and common cooperation in such areas as energy practical cooperation so as to achieve development, the two peoples as well and infrastructure, and enhance mutual benefit and win-win results as regional stability and prosperity. cooperation in post-disaster and join hands to constantly push reconstruction and tourism. China is bilateral friendly cooperative Li Keqiang pointed out that ready to provide support within its relations for development. China is willing to take the joint due capacity to Nepal's economic and construction of the "Belt and Road" social development.

China-India Relations XI JINPING MEETS WITH PRIME MINISTER NARENDRA MODI OF INDIA

News From China September 2017 55 China-India Relations

On September 5, 2017, President agreed to build a closer development view China's development in a Xi Jinping met in Xiamen with Prime partnership, and made clear the long- correct and rational manner. The two Minister Narendra Modi of India, term goal of bilateral relations. countries need to show the world that who was in China for the ninth BRICS Relations between both countries the only correct choice between Summit and the Dialogue of have continuously achieved long- China and India is to live together in Emerging Market and Developing term development on the basis of p e a c e a n d e n j o y w i n - w i n Countries. sticking to this position. On the basis cooperation. The two sides should of the Five Principles of Peaceful maintain mutual respect, seek Xi Jinping stressed that as each Coexistence jointly initiated by both common ground while shelving other's important neighboring sides, China is willing to, together with differences, and safeguard peace and countries, China and India are two India, improve political mutual trust, tranquility in border areas. China and largest developing countries and promote mutually beneficial India have great cooperative potential emerging market economies. The cooperation, and push China-Indian in economic and social development. sound and stable China-India relations for development along the Both sides should enhance synergy in relations conform to the fundamental right track. development strategies, expand interests of both peoples and are cooperation in infrastructure common expectation of the region Xi Jinping pointed out that both construction, connectivity and other and the international community. In countries should insist on basic fields, and strengthen people-to- recent years, both leaders have judgment of seeing each other as people and cultural exchanges as well reached extensive consensus on development opportunities but not as communication and coordination developing China-India relations, threats. It is hoped that India could in international affairs, in a bid to

56 News From China September 2017 China-India Relations promote international order toward a enhance BRICS cooperation under two sides need to enhance political more just and reasonable direction. the current situation. India stands mutual trust, expand practical China is ready to work with BRICS ready to make joint efforts with China cooperation, deepen people-to- countries to well implement the to ensure a stable development of people and cultural exchanges and results of the Xiamen Summit, and bilateral relations. He hoped both make joint efforts to safeguard peace jointly open up a new situation of l e a d e r s t o m a i n t a i n c l o s e and tranquility in border areas. India BRICS cooperation. communication and play leading roles i s w i l l i n g t o s t r e n g t h e n in the development of bilateral communication and coordination in Narendra Modi congratulated on relations. Both sides should not international affairs with China. a complete success of the BRICS regard each other as opponents, but Xiamen Summit, and said that the make cooperation become a Yang Jiechi and others attended meetings are very important to mainstream of bilateral relations. The the meeting. WANG YI: MAKE SURE CHINA-INDIA RELATIONS NOT DERAIL, CONFRONT OR GO OUT OF CONTROL, AND PROMOTE HIMALAYAN REGION TO BE NEW HIGHLAND FOR ASIA’S DEVELOPMENT On September 7, 2017, Foreign Minister Wang Yi and Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Krishna Bahadur Mahara of Nepal jointly met the press in Beijing after their talks.

In responding questions concerning Nepal-China and China- India relations from the journalist, Wang Yi said that in the previous period, for clear reasons, China-India relations were affected and undermined indeed. President Xi Jinping and Prime Minister Narendra Modi successfully held the bilateral meeting in Xiamen recently. Both sides should earnestly implement the consensus of the two leaders and guarantee the healthy and stable development of China-India relations.

Firstly, China-India relations should not be derailed. The

News From China September 2017 57 China-India Relations development of China and India make sure differences between common neighbors of Nepal, China represents the future of the world. the two countries not go out of and India should have great mind and The harmonious relations and win- control. The two countries need sense of responsibility of a major win cooperation between the two to remain committed to the five country, respect Nepal's legitimate countries are the inevitable option as p r i n c i p l e s o f p e a c e f u l rights and interests, support the well as the correct direction of China- coexistence and work together to independence of Nepal and help to India relations. properly handle disputes and advance Nepal's development. It is issues. Both China and India believed that Nepal could develop its Secondly, China-India relations should learn a lesson from the past relations with the two major adjacent should be no confrontation. Both events and maintain peace and countries in parallel without conflicts. sides should enhance strategic mutual tranquility in the border areas. China expects to create conditions trust and really view each other as step by step to explore on the cooperative partners rather than be Wang Yi said that being located construction of China-India driven by an old-fashioned mindset between the two major countries of Economic Corridor and jointly and regard each other as rivals or China and India, Nepal is able to serve promote the Himalayan region to threats. as the bridge and tie linking the two become a new highland for Asia's major emerging economies. As the development. Thirdly, both sides should STAY TRUE TO THE MISSION AND KEEP MOVING FORWARD BRICS cooperation started in Chains, which have contributed investment, money and finance, and 2006.The 10 years that followed has greatly to building world economic infrastructure construction. We been a decade of hard work and great new order and establishing a new s h o u l d a l s o s t r e n g t h e n achievements. We have stood together global governance structure. macroeconomic policy coordination in face of challenges to achieve and our development strategies mutually beneficial cooperation. World economic growth remains synergy, setting a new course for Together, we have contributed more sluggish, trade growth has been lower collective cooperation and growth than 45% of world economic growth, than economic growth for many years among BRICS countries. achieved a miracle of economic and international investment will development and surely stood out as need more time to reach the peak level Just as President Xi Jinping said the major engine for recovery and of 2008. Economic globalization is in the Belt and Road Forum for growth of the world economy. s u f f e r i n g s e t b a c k s w h i l e International Cooperation, “So long protectionism is coming back. as we press ahead with a common Looking back at the world Traditional and non-traditional vision without backpedaling or economy for the past hundreds of threats are entwined, raising the standing still, we will achieve greater years, mankind has evolved from uncertainties in the world economy connectivity and benefit from each closed to open, individual to significantly. other’s development.” We should stay c o l l e c t i v e , c o m p e t i t i o n t o true to our mission, hold the spirit of cooperation in the process of In such a complex and fluid open, inclusive, balanced and economic globalization. In the past 20 environment, BRICS countries beneficial to all in pushing forward years, developing countries have should jointly tackle challenges and economic globalization and actively participated in economic push forward economic globalization. strengthen the BRICS cooperation globalization and integ rated We should deepen practical mechanism. Together, we can build a themselves into the Global Value cooperation in such fields as trade and brighter future for all.

58 News From China September 2017 China-India Relations REMARKS BY AMBASSADOR LUO ZHAOHUI ON THE LAUNCHING CEREMONY OF THE BOOK TITLED CHINA’S AGRICULTURE AND POLITICAL ECONOMY August 23rd, 2017

Mr. Rahul Sarin, held in Xiamen early next month. As of civilization and progress. Mr. George Chiu, all the BRICS countries are emerging According to the concept of modern Dear friends, ladies and gentlemen, powers as well as agricultural economics, agriculture is defined as countries, development and poverty the primary industry. The book of Good afternoon! Namaste! reduction including agriculture have China's Agriculture and Political Welcome to the Chinese Embassy. It always been a focus of BRICS Economy introduces the history of is my great pleasure to hold a book cooperation. agricultural development and its launch ceremony for Mr. Sarin who is related policy evolvement since the the author of China's Agriculture and As an old Chinese saying goes, founding of the People's Republic of Political Economy. 'people are fundamental for states, so China, with an analysis of challenges as food for people.' Agriculture is the to the development of agriculture at a The 9th BRICS Summit will be basis of human survival and the origin time when China's economy has

News From China September 2017 59 China-India Relations entered into the new normal. innovation. Mr. Yuan Longping's and India are facing similar challenges Notwithstanding that the author has hybrid rice technology has set a world and great potential for cooperation. It his own interpretation to China's record with a yield of over 1000 is in the interests of both sides to history and politics, this book serves kilograms per mu. Over the past 60 s t r e n g t h e n e xc h a n g e s a n d as a window to learn China from an years, China's grain output has cooperation in agriculture. In history, agricultural perspective. I would like increased from 100 million tons to China's peach, plum and tea were to congratulate Mr. Sarin on 610 million tons, and the per capita introduced to India. In the 1970s, publishing of this book and thank net income of farmers has increased India's Murrah buffalo was brought him for his contribution to enhancing from 44 yuan to more than 10,000 into China, which made significant our mutual understanding. yuan. contribution to China's buffalo improvement. I hope that China's As mentioned in the book, "with India is also a big agricultural hybrid rice technology can be only 7% of the world's arable land, country with the largest amount of promoted in India, which will add China feeds almost 20% of the arable land in Asia as well as superior luster to the agricultural cooperation world's population." This is the key to natural conditions. From the 1960s to between our two countries and understanding China's agriculture. 1980s, India carried out agricultural benefit the two peoples. I also hope Since the reform and opening up, the development strategy such as "green that Mr. Sarin and other Indian Chinese government has always made revolution", "white revolution" and friends will continue to contribute to development of agriculture, benefit "blue revolution", from which India the agricultural cooperation between of rural areas and prosperity of accumulated lots of successful China and India. farmers a top priority for the country. experience. India has fed 18% of the The annual first document of the world's population with 12% of the The mutual trust builds on central government has been focused world's arable land. Its agricultural exchanges, and the exchanges are on "three agricultural issues" which output such as wheat, rice and milk is rooted in deep and all-round research i n c l u d e s a g r i c u l t u r e , r u r a l among the highest in the world. The in the field. Mr. Sarin has set a good development and farmers for over a achievements of India's agricultural example for us. Once again, I would decade. In 2006, China abolished the development are benefiting not only like to take this opportunity to agricultural tax throughout the India itself but also the rest of express my respect and appreciation country, which China had been developing countries. to Mr. Sarin. collected for two thousand years. We promote agriculture by applying As the most populous and the Thank you. scientific and technological largest developing countries, China BRICS SUMMIT IN XIAMEN BRINGS CHINA, INDIA CLOSER Xiamen, China, Sept. 4 (Xinhua) - Tuesay. In particular, the summit is Commerce and Industry, who spoke - The 9th BRICS Summit opened here indirectly serving as a venue to help to Xinhua right after attending the S u n d a y, b r i n g i n g t o g e t h e r mend ties between China and its opening ceremony of the BRICS representatives from Brazil, Russia, neighbor, India, after the recent Business For um on Sunday India, China, South Africa and border standoff between the two afternoon. beyond in this picturesque coastal city countries. t o s t r e n g t h e n S o u t h - S o u t h The Indian businessman cooperation and give a greater voice UPBEAT MOOD commented on Chinese President Xi to the world's emerging economies. Jinping's remarks in his speech at the "I think the trend is good, opening ceremony that "new growth Even the intermittent rain did not everybody is optimistic," said Atul drivers are yet to emerge" by saying, dampen the positive mood at the Dalakoti, executive director of the "we need to think outside the box and summit, which runs from Sunday to Federation of Indian Chambers of look at new engines of growth so that

60 News From China September 2017 China-India Relations we can push the economic development."

"I sense more internal optimism and external confidence," Robert Lawrence Kuhn, a prolific China expert and observer, weighed in by email Sunday night.

The chairman of the Kuhn Foundation believed that the "optimism" and "confidence" are driven by two factors: the improving economic situation of several of the BRICS members and China hosting the summit, "which increases the active in helping enhance capacity- SHARING KNOWLEDGE visibility, publicity and international and skill-building among developing interest." nations, for example in Africa, Singh Many summit participants said, noting that it has been a big regarded China as an example to Although he admitted that investor in recent years. BRICS is an follow for other developing nations, fundamental differences exist among ideal opportunity for India to for instance where poverty the BRICS countries, the American contribute to global governance alleviation, renewable energy and the expert said that "what unites them is structures and help empower other environment were concerned. stronger than what divides them," developing nations, the professor adding that he believed BRICS is said. "China has in the past 30 years playing a role in resolving the taken at least 500 million people out differences. Singh believed that BRICS is of poverty, I think we need to do that clearly having a positive effect on in India also and then in Africa, so Swaran Singh from the School of economic engagement between there's a huge potential for growth," International Studies at Jawaharlal China and India. Last year, bilateral Dalakoti said. Nehru University remarked on the trade volume exceeded 70 billion U.S. recent friction between China and dollars, and China has become India's Dalakoti, who is also in the India and how that did not get in the largest trading partner. Energy and Green Economy way of the friendly and cooperative Working Group, mentioned India's summit atmosphere. Although the two countries' trade efforts in promoting clean energy and shows a deficit in China's favor, he combating pollution. "India has set "Even China-India differences was confident that BRICS would be up very good targets and met the have been carefully kept aside and not able to address such challenges. He targets in advance, and now we are allowed to intervene in their also noted that recently there has been looking at setting up 100 smart multilateral cooperation," he said in an enormous increase in China's cities," he said. In that regard, China an email interview with Xinhua, promised investments in India. and India have common goals. "So I calling the resolve of the Dong Lang think there is a lot we can do, and we military standoff "a sign of their For his part, Dalakoti pointed out can learn from the experience of the (China and India's) diplomatic the rapid growth of China-India trade Chinese," he said. maturity as major powers." over the past 15 years. He saw BRICS as having a "very, very positive" theme In an interview with Xinhua on CHINA & INDIA AS BRICS of people from five continents trying the sidelines of the summit, the BUDDIES to work together and as China and BRICS' New Development Bank India being equally important (NDB) chief K.V. Kamath also As the second-largest BRICS members within the bloc. suggested other BRICS countries economy after China, India is very

News From China September 2017 61 China-India Relations should learn from China's past to existing institutions as it offers a “BRICS is surely seen today as success stories. new model of financial governance the only grouping, along with the and is even helping transform G20, that can redeem the global "In China's case, what the NDB conventional Bretton Woods economy from its continued has learned is success with financial institutions. He said the slowdown," the professor added. renewables, which we then try to see NDB and Contingency Reserve whether we could take it to other Arrangement are proof of what Dalakoti believed that BRICS countries," he said. He called this an BRICS can and is doing with their could help raise awareness of the example of "shared knowledge from rapid decision-making, financial importance of globalization, our member countries." support in local currencies, and no- especially as some countries are strings attached policy. reverting to isolationist and BRICS GOING FORWARD protectionist policies. The BRICS example has already The BRICS nations originally led to some reforms in "We all need globalization, we all enjoyed a reputation for rapid and International Monetary Fund need to work together, we all need a economic growth, but some critics voting rights and has encouraged lot of investments in our countries," have argued that BRICS is losing its BRICS enterprises to evolve their he said, "So I think the whole theme steam. That idea, however, doesn't own genre of financing, investments, of globalization is the bedrock of seem to be very convincing to some. technology transfers and market what we are talking about at BRICS management distinct from Western today." Singh suggested that BRICS still multinational corporations' patron- very much remains a good alternative client culture, Singh said. CHINA-INDIA COOPERATION HELPS PROMOTE OPEN GLOBAL TRADE, COUNTER PROTECTIONISM For China and India -- the world's t wo b i g g e s t m a r ke t s, t h e i r strengthening of trade cooperation and advocacy of open trade policy will definitely contribute to promoting open global trade and containing protectionism.

Firstly, India's open foreign economic policy is an important force for the current world where protectionism is on the rise.

The South Asian nation has adopted a positive and open foreign economic policy and has been an important supporter for the open foreign trade policy.

62 News From China September 2017 China-India Relations

Under the leadership of Prime he said. commitment to developing green Minister Narendra Modi, India has energy, and promised that India's implemented an active foreign policy, Proposed by Chinese President efforts of tackling climate change will has reformed foreign investment Xi Jinping in 2013, the Belt and Road not be limited to the Paris Climate policy and encourages domestic Initiative aims to build trade and Agreement. enterprises to go on the international infrastructure networks connecting market. Asia with Europe and Africa on and According to Prasoon Sharma, a beyond the ancient Silk Road routes. researcher at a global think tank in India has been actively attracting It comprises the Silk Road Economic India, China and India have the foreign investment, has created a Belt and the 21st Century Maritime largest markets and manufacturing favorable investment climate and has Silk Road. sectors of the world, and if the two been the largest destination for countries join hands, they will drive foreign direct investment in the world S e c o n d l y, C h i n a - I n d i a economic growth of the world, for the past two years. cooperation can effectively improve promote trade balance across the openness of the world economy, and globe and bring peace and happiness L u o Z h a o h u i , C h i n e s e counter trade protectionism which is to the peoples of the world. Ambassador to India, has said, now largely led by the United States "India's current reform and opening u n d e r t h e D o n a l d Tr u m p Moreover, the two countries policies are very attractive, which puts administration. have great potential in finance, which forward a 'made in India' strategic is regarded as the original intention planning, proposes the road of The two developing countries and cooperation content of the 'eastward strategy' and so on." share common views and stands on BRICS countries -- Brazil, Russia, many international affairs. For India, China and South Africa. The country "has also put example, India has cleared its forward a lot of inter-connectivity commitment to developing green Currently, the two countries initiatives, and vigorously promotes economy and is a champion of the focus on such financial cooperation multi-sector technical and economic Paris Climate Agreement. as emergency reserve planning, green cooperation agreements of the Bay of finance and currency swaps, which is Bengal rim. In terms of inter- After the United States formally greatly in the interest of open global connectivity and the Belt and Road withdrew from the agreement, Indian t r a d e a n d c o n t a i n m e n t o f Initiative, we two big neighboring prime minister has made clear his protectionism. countries should be natural partners," INTERVIEW: INDIAN SCHOLAR BELIEVES INDIA, CHINA CAN COOPERATE IN VARIOUS FIELDS An Indian scholar called the that both of them are willing to take domains in which India and China can up this issue of collaboration, which "In fact, bilateral trade (grew) collaborate and cooperate "limitless." of course they have been doing." from a mere few hundred million U.S.dollars way back in the 1990s to In a recent interview with "If you take up the matter of above 70 billion U.S. dollars, then of Xinhua, Varaprasad S. Dolla, a bilateral trade or the economic ties course, it is declining because of professor from Jawaharlal Nehru that we have been forging in the last various reasons partly due to University, said, "The domains where 15-20 years, it is amazing and we have domestic context and partly because both India and China can collaborate seen an enormous growth," said of the global context," he said. and cooperate are limitless provided Varaprasad.

News From China September 2017 63 China-India Relations

The expert then cited some "We can actually learn some the Chinese township and village examples of domains in which the lessons from Chinese experience, enterprises, we will have better two countries could work together. both in terms of the good opportunities." experiences, the best practices as well "Definitely the science and as the challenges that China Another area in which the two technology domain can have more encountered in the process," said the countries enjoy cooperation potential partnerships; we can have more expert. "So skill development is one is agriculture, said Varaprasad. research institutes coming together," of the areas where China and India he said. can collaborate." "Agriculture production in China has been more or less quite Other examples are people-to- Varaprasad spoke highly of the stable, but we (Indians) have been people and cultural exchanges, and contributions of so-called "township facing a lot of grave crises. Therefore collaboration within educational and and village" enterprises in China to we need to see how the Chinese have industrial development contexts, the global economic growth and also its been able to address the agriculture scholar said. exports. growth and then see whether we can pick up some lessons." "Because China, given its own "In fact, about 30 percent of experience of emerging as a major exports comes from township and The scholar went on to say that industrial hub -- the factory of the village enterprises which are like our the two countries could collaborate in world -- can actually share some of its I n d i a n s m a l l a n d m e d i u m many areas in which they specialize experiences with India as India is now enterprises," said Varaprasad. and move forward in the years to contemplating 'Make in India' as a "Imagine if Indian small and medium come. major goal," the scholar said. enterprises learn some lessons from

64 News From China September 2017 Culture & Life

Culture & Life CASHLESS TREND TAKES HOLD IN CHINA

A passenger pays for bus ticket by quick response (QR) code in Beibei District, southwest China's Chongqing Municipality, on Aug. 3, 2017. Mobile payments started operation in some bus lines in Chongqing since August this year. (Xinhua/Qin Tingfu)

A staff worker tests AlipayHK at a store in , south China, on May 23, 2017. Alipay, the online and mobile payment platform operated by Ant financial services group, announced on Wednesday that it would launch AlipayHK, a version dedicated to local-currency payments in Hong Kong. Both iOS and Android users can download AlipayHK from app store on May 25. AlipayHK is the first version of the Alipay app to handle non-renminbi transactions. (Xinhua/Qin Qing)

News From China September 2017 65 Culture & Life OLD MEETS NEW ON BEIJING’S HISTORIC AXIS

Tourists look at the Museum at the in Beijing, capitial of China, May 30, 2017. (Xinhua/Zhang Chenlin)

The National Stadium, or the Bird’s Nest, and Beijing National Aquatics Center, or Water Cube, are more spectacular at night in Beijing. (Xinhua/Yin Gang)

66 News From China September 2017 Culture & Life

A ceremony is held to present flowers to the people’s heroes at the Tian’anmen Square in Beijing, capital of China, Sept. 30, 2016, to honor and remember deceased national heroes on the Martyrs’ Day. China’s legislature approved Sept. 30 as the Martyrs’ Day in 2014, to commemorate those who lost their lives fighting for national causes. (Xinhua/Wang Ye)

Children practise roller-skating on a square in front of (the Front Gate) inBeijing, capital of China, June 11, 2011. (Xinhua/Hu Qingming)

News From China September 2017 67 Culture & Life BOOMING CHILDREN’S EDUCATION MARKET IN CHINA

Children attend a robot class in Xinle Youth Center in Hebei Province. (Xinhua/Jia Minjie)

Children attend a dance class in a youth activity center in Hebei Province. (Xinhua/Li Xiaoguo)

68 News From China September 2017 Culture & Life

A child practices ice hockey under the instruction of the coach in a sports center in Heilongjiang Province. (Xinhua/Wang Kai)

Students uses controlled robots to puncture balloons at a science promotion event in Beijing, on May 20, 2017. (Xinhua/Jin Liwang)

News From China September 2017 69 Xizang Today

Xizang Today HIGH-LEVEL TIBETAN BUDDHISM COLLEGE OF CHINA CELEBRATES 30TH ANNIVERSARY

A ceremony was held last Friday monastery teaching method with Proposed by the 10th Panchen to celebrate the 30th anniversary of moder n academy education, Lama and Zhao Puchu, the then the High-level Tibetan Buddhism contributing a lot to the inheritance director of the Buddhist Association College of China in Beijing, capital of and development of Tibetan of China, the High-level Tibetan China. Buddhism. Buddhism College of China was Zhang Yijiong, Executive Vice The ceremony was presided over founded in Beijing on September 1, Minister of the Work by Wang Zuoan, director of the State 1987. Department of CPC (the Communist Administration for Religious Affairs In 2004, it established the Party of China) Central Committee, of the People's Republic of China advanced title ranking system of was present and gave a speech at the (PRC), and attended by more than 180 Tibetan Buddhism and there are ceremony. representatives from Buddhism currently 148 monks who have Zhang Yijiong said the past 30 colleges in Tibet and Tibetan- earned advanced titles and 100 years has seen the college create a new inhabited areas in Qinghai, Gansu, monks have become teaching model to train a number of monks by Sichuan and Yunan Province. masters or hold a post in Buddhist combining together traditional monasteries and organizations.

70 News From China September 2017 Xizang Today

HOH XIL LAUNCHES ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION REFORM The inclusion of Hoh Xil, which The nature reserve, comprising a species. is on the world's largest and highest core zone and buffer areas, covers plateau, as a UNESCO World 45,000 square kilometers and is Its numbers had plunged to Heritage Site marks a new beginning situated more than 4,500 meters fewer than 20,000 by the end of the for the area's conservation, says above sea level. 1990s due to poaching. However, Buzhou, director of the Hoh Xil thanks to years of protection efforts, N a t i o n a l N a t u r e R e s e r v e It's China's most biologically the population has recovered to more administration. diverse nature reserve. As UNESCO than 60,000, the administration's notes, the geographical and climatic statistics show. "We must improve our ideas and conditions have nurtured a unique methods to meet the higher standards mix of species. More than one-third Hoh Xil was listed as a set by the World Heritag e of the plant varieties, and all the provincial-level reserve in 1996. The Convention," Buzhou says. herbivorous mammals are endemic to next year, it was elevated to the the plateau. national level, and a special Hoh Xil, which is located on the organization was founded to protect Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in the Seven species are under national it soon afterward. northwestern part of Qinghai first-level protection. The Tibetan province, is famous for its natural antelope is best-known and most The Hoh Xil nature reserve is beauty and biodiversity. representative of the endangered included in a larger protected area

News From China September 2017 71 Xizang Today

that's the source of the three rivers whose average age is 45 and more “Our job is to stop poaching, and (Sanjiangyuan) the Yangtze, the than a third of whom are not suitable observe and record the wildlife that Yellow and the Lancang. When the for work at high altitudes due to we see," says 52-year-old herdsman Sanjiangyuan National Nature health problems," he explains. Songbao, who has been a ranger for Reserve was established in 2016 as five years. China's first national park to pilot His organization is in desperate ecological-protection reform, the need of younger professional and The rangers are organized into Hoh Xil administration became a technical personnel, he says. groups, and they set out regularly on subordinate organization affiliated horses, yaks, motorbikes or cars, with the national park's management Volunteers have been providing depending on geographic conditions. bureau. more manpower. More than 500 volunteers from various professions Their work takes them into the The administration, which has and different parts of the country wild for two to seven days at a time, more than 80 staff members, now has have participated in protection and depending on the distance. The five protection stations and a research research over the years, Buzhou says. rangers, who receive annual training, station in different parts of Hoh Xil. are paid 1,800 yuan ($260) a month. Many nomads living along the But Buzhou says the size of the edges of the reserve also participate in Songbao says local residents' area and the harsh climate present protection. In Zhiduo county, environmental awareness is being h u g e c h a l l e n g e s f o r t h e hundreds of local herdsmen have continually enhanced. administration, which is short of been recruited as grassland rangers to hands. protect the part of Hoh Xil that is "Generations of us have lived on located in the county. More than 200 this land. We are willing to do the "It is very hard for anyone to residents in Masai village, which has a protection work, even if we don't get carry out the wide range of tasks we population of 1,600, have become paid," he says. have to do in such a harsh grassland rangers after a careful environment, let alone our staff, selection process. Since Sanjiangyuan became a

72 News From China September 2017 Book Review national park, the national and provincial governments have issued documents to guide the reform and integration of various local departments to streamline the management of the entire region, including Hoh Xil.

For example, in Zhiduo, several government departments engaged in environmental protection, such as the land and resources bureau and the water resources bureau, have been integrated into the same organization, supervised by Sanjiangyuan's management bureau.

The reform has been helpful because it has clarified the responsibilities of the different bureaus, says Cairen, deputy director of the new organization.

SEEING THE REAL CHINA in the Economic Perspective

With its rapid economic development, China has become the world’s second largest country in terms of economic aggregate. However, China, with a sprawling population of 1.35 billion and aland mass of 9.6 million square kilometers, is experiencing economic development that is far from balanced. To comprehensively and accurately understand it is a daunting task, especially from non-Chinese perspectives. This book, through extensive introduction, provides international comparisons and in-depth analysts to help readers both abroad and at home to comprehensively and accurately understand Chinese economy.

News From China September 2017 73 CRI CRBN

74 News From China September 2017 75 76 Postal Regd. No. DL-SW-16/4034/15-17 R.N.I. No. 47440/88 September 2017

People Perform the Traditional Ansai Waist Drum Dance to Celebrate the 68th Anniversary of PRC.