Polio Oz News

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Polio Oz News Volume 2, Issue 4 Polio Oz News December 2012 — Summer Edition Polio Plus . by Jill Mather by ambulance and sat in a make saddle close by. My boots, my www.jillmatherbooks.com.au - shift chair - c u m - b e d , riding bowler and other overlooking the paddocks. Then paraphernalia. One never after an hour it was back to knows. I did ride again but an hospital for another long two unfortunate spill put pay to years. Both legs affected and that. one was never to regain its use and the other only 50%. It By 1958, calliper, crutches and could have been worse. all, I married. I was pretty spry at getting around and really I was just 15 years old and my never considered how much my whole life stretched before me. disability hampered me because What was I to do? In the 1950’s it really didn’t. there were no answers and not much help once one was By 1960 I gave birth to a son. A discharged. After assistance delightful child who gave me from the Ambulance boys who much joy even though it took me under their wing and changed my life and location carted me around to various when my husband was critically social outings, I gained work on injured at football. the local Emergency Switch Board. I have hated the violence of the game ever since. Faced with Eighteen months later, a career single parenthood I had little 1952 was not a good year change to the Arbitration Court option, and money to do for polio sufferers. And as and much help from the Court otherwise than move back with agreed, we are still here. Solicitor who encouraged me to my parents. They lived in a study Law and arranged this small seaside town where my A horse lover from an early age with the University who was not father was the Fisheries Patrol one of my very lasting at all anxious to have a Officer. The local Council impressions was of being disabled, part-time student urgently needed an Acting Town wheeled to an ambulance and when such things were unheard Clerk. Because of my legal my two beloved horses hanging of. Fellow students felt I had background, I was appointed their heads over the gate, certain privileges. I was also and finally re-married. Pan watching, and wondering. I female. A double cross to bear. American Airlines gave me a didn’t know it then, but it would The local national newspaper part time writing assignment be more than three years before published articles I wrote. and travel was on the agenda. I would see them again and under very different The horses had to be sold. It Another son later and a move to circumstances. was such a wrench. So sad. So Australia from New Zealand dreadfully final. made in 1970. My writing skills, Hospitalised for so long, it was a honed in hospital by my English special treat to be taken home I slept with my bridle and Teacher, stood me in good Cont’d P 3 National Patron: Dr John Tierney, PhD, OAM Page 2 Polio Oz News Polio Australia Inc From the Outgoing President Representing polio survivors served the maximum allowable two consecutive terms throughout Australia without a break. It has been an honour and a privilege to see my dream of a national voice for polio survivors come Suite 119C, 89 High Street to fruition and then to serve for 4 years as Polio Kew Victoria 3101 Australia’s inaugural President. Polio Australia is growing PO Box 500 into a strong and well-regarded organisation with a lot of Kew East Victoria 3102 goodwill behind it from our nation’s polio survivors and Phone: +61 3 9016 7678 their families. I leave the Presidency in the capable E-mail: [email protected] hands of our National Patron, Dr John Tierney, while I will Website: www.polioaustralia.org.au still be around to help guide the organisation’s development in my new role as Vice-President. Contacts Gillian Thomas Vice-President I am hoping that the reduced calls on my time will enable me to spend more time supporting Mary-ann, as well as President - John Tierney A t P o l i o working on further development of the Polio Australia [email protected] Australia’s 4th website. Please be sure to visit our new Hot News ! blog Annual General page to catch up with polio news as it happens. Vice President - Gillian Thomas Meeting on 6th [email protected] December I stood In closing, the Management Committee, Mary-ann and d o w n a s our volunteers wish each and every reader a joyous festive season and a peaceful and healthy New Year. Secretary - Brett Howard President, having [email protected] From the Editor Treasurer - Michael Judson It’s been such a busy year, and productive year! [email protected] I don’t quite know where However, 2013 just to start! March gave us the happens to be the final year National Program Manager House of Reps Round Table of The Balnaves Foundation Mary-ann Liethof Inquiry into the LEoP, as grant which pays my salary, [email protected] well as an action packed so we are busy seeking visit from Canada’s alternative ways to fund my Ramesh Ferris; we had our position, considering we are 3rd Retreat in April in yet to receive any Inside this issue: Queensland; in June, the government funding . Round Table Report was Polio Plus 1 Mary-ann Liethof released; the next few On a lighter note, this edition is focussed on Breath Easy 3 Editor months were building up to people’s stories, which Unless otherwise the “We’re Still Here!” Polio in Canberra 4 campaign at Parliament seems appropriate at this stated, the articles in time of year. After all, it’s Thanks to GSK Team 4 Polio Oz News may be House, Canberra, in these stories that link reprinted provided October; October was also Polio Australia’s AGM 5 that they are the month GSK finished people together and make Co-Q10 Clinical Trial 6 reproduced in full the “Late Effects of Polio: us all part of the post-polio (including any Introduction to Clinical community. You will be Polio: It’s not over 6 references) and the Practice” Module which was interested to read about author, the source and Touched by Polio Art 7 launched at Parliament Kimbalee Apps (P 11) who Polio Australia Inc are is one of Australia’s Australia All Over 8 acknowledged in full. House; we had an unprecedented number of younger polio survivors, The Calliper Kids on-line 8 Articles may not be having contracted the virus edited or summarised new registrations on the in 1972. So, we really are Remembering Miss Lamond 9 without the prior Australian Polio Register written approval of following an article which still here for quite a few Give Easy 10 Polio Australia. The appeared in the nationally years to come! views expressed in this distributed “The Senior” Kimbalee Apps Story 11 Here’s wishing all our publication are not newspaper; then another necessarily those of readers the very best for Sister Kenny Testimonials 13 flurry of registrations Polio Australia, and the season. Looking resulted following a brief Sister Kenny 60 years on 14 any products, services forward to next year so I or treatments interview with Lyn Glover can do it all again! The Story of Ros 15 described are not (Gold Coast Polio Network necessarily endorsed Convener) on “Australia All All about Immunisation 18 or recommended by Over” radio in December. Expectancy is the 2013 Polio Retreat EOI 21 Polio Australia. All in all, a very satisfying atmosphere for miracles. ~ Edwin Louis Cole Page 3 Volume 2, Issue 4 Polio Plus . stead. I wrote for magazines as lively as I was. history, shared with my two and newspapers, and radio, sons who support and obtaining work as a stringer for My love of horses never encourage me . the ABC. What an amazing diminished and in 2003 a new experience that was and for two door opened. A documentary “Oh Mum . not another years my cameraman and I film scripted on the demise of book!” trekked the countryside filming some Waler horse descendants stories for ‘Focus’. A special enabled me to re-kindle this interest in drama led to an Arts love. A wonderful adjunct to Council Grant and a historical s e m i - retirement. Since drama, attended by the then publishing my book on the Governor of Qld, resulted. history of the famous Australian Drama and the Arts were strong military horse, the Waler, in my early family life. “Forgotten Heroes” was followed Playwriting has always been a by “The old Campaigners” and feature of mine with many “War Horses” as well as a public performances in my children’s educational book repertoire. “Twelve Terrible Tales”. Circumstances led to a Tertiary I am currently working on education career and in 1981 I another book about – what else joined TAFE where I did both – exceptional wartime animals. administration and teaching for The people I have met and some 23 years, after obtaining a stories provided are so B.Ed. and other add-ons. The inspiring. I feel so honoured to ravages of time are upon me record this often forgotten or and at 75 years of age, I’m not overlooked part of Australian Breathe Easy Below are comments received following the Support Group.
Recommended publications
  • UQFL16 Elizabeth Kenny Collection
    FRYER LIBRARY Manuscript Finding Aid UQFL16 Elizabeth Kenny Collection Size 5 boxes, 4 parcels Contents Correspondence; file of testimonials from medical practitioners and others in the United States and Canada; reports on her treatment method and summarised lecture notes; some patient case histories; biographical papers and newspaper clippings. Biography Sister Kenny served as a bush nurse on the Darling Downs in Queensland, but became famous for her clinical management and teaching about the best treatment for paralysed children. In the great poliomyelitis epidemics of the 1930s and 1940s, her controversial methods of movement, warmth and passive physiotherapy proved to be the best treatment. She became an international cult figure in Australia, North and South America and Europe, prior to her death in Toowoomba in 1952. Notes Open access, except 1 restricted file Box 1 Folder 1 Journals The British Medical Journal pp841-842, Oct 22 1938. Attached The British Medical Journal pp851- 854, Oct 22 1938. Correspondence and 3 Attached Reviews Letter from A. Fryberg to A.E. Pye, 3.11.47. Attached review – Cole, W.H. and Knapp N.E. “The Kenny Treatment of Infantile Paralysis” reviewed in Journal of the American Medical Association, 7.6.1941. Attached review – Schwartz, R.P. and Bowman, H.D. “Muscle spasm in the acute stage of infantile paralysis” reviewed in Journal of the American Medical Association, 18.7.42. Attached review – Ibanez, J.S. “Experimental Study of Myoneuval Function in Biopsy Specimens Taken from Muscles of Poliomylitis Patients” reviewed in Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, ?.10.45. ______________________________________________________________________________________________ Last updated: 10/08/12 © University of Queensland 1 FRYER LIBRARY Manuscript Finding Aid Correspondence, incoming and outgoing for the period 1939 to 1951.
    [Show full text]
  • Sister Elizabeth Kenny
    SISTER ELIZABETH KENNY. 1880-1952. The lady with the blessed hands Elizabeth Kenny was born in Warialda in NSW and her father was a farmer who was known as a Bush Vet. In 1881the family moved to a property on the Darling Downs in Queensland. As a young girl, Elizabeth dreamed of becoming a Doctor but, at this time, it was an impossible dream. A local Doctor, Aeneas McDonald, employed her as an assistant and taught her about Bush Nursing. Nurses, at this time, did not always have formal qualifications and Elizabeth never became a registered Nurse. Her subsequent problems with the Medical Profession stemmed from this. Elizabeth never married. Her work was her life and always came first. Elizabeth had the responsibility of caring for her widowed mother and she adopted a young girl, Mary Stewart, who would care for Mrs. Kenny when Elizabeth was away. In 1901 the people on the Darling Downs had no Hospital and it was a long journey by horse drawn ambulance to reach Brisbane. In 1931 Elizabeth set up a small hospital at Clifton on the Darling Downs. It was here that she was called upon to treat a young girl, Amy McNeil, who had a fever and as this was not understood by Elizabeth she contacted a friend, Dr McDonald in Brisbane, who said that it could be Infantile Paralysis which was a rare disease that was infecting children and was impossible to treat. Polio had arrived in Australia. 1 A few months earlier Elizabeth had treated her brother who had suffered a form of paralysis and had eased his pain by soaking strips of blanket in hot water and applying them to his legs as poultices.
    [Show full text]
  • Polio Oz News
    Volume 8, Issue 4 PolioOz News D e c e m b e r 2 0 1 8 — Summer Edition By Jan McDonald, Geelong Polio Support Maximising Independence, Chair Dancing, Group (Vic) Finances, Making Mosaics, Early Polio Memories, and more. Well, didn’t we have another amazing Retreat!!! This year’s annual Polio Health and Wellness Sunday’s offering was around “The Spirit”. Retreat was held at the beautiful seaside town of Maryann Liethof, Polio Australia’s National Glenelg, just out of Adelaide. Program Manager, took us on a journey exploring “What makes your whole body light up?”. This Winnie, Denise with her husband, Doug, and I provoked quite a discussion amongst us – God, took the trip West from Geelong. Once again, we music, nature, art, family, what?? We then had a were treated to 3½ days filled with information, choice of discussion groups on Christianity, friendship, and fun. Buddhism, and Aboriginal Spirituality. The site of the Retreat was also the venue for A highlight of the weekend was the Celtic Music the annual “Walk With Me” event to raise money Club of South Australia, which entertained us for the work of Polio Australia. So on Thursday with tunes while we had dinner on Saturday afternoon we lolloped, tottered, strode, wheeled, night. and shuffled our way along the delightful waterfront, and thoroughly enjoyed the Of course, we did arrive back home utterly camaraderie along the way. exhausted. We thoroughly enjoyed the days, and emerged armed with a few more hints and tools Each one of the three main days had a different to help us feel “well-rounded” physically, focus; the Body, Mind and Spirit.
    [Show full text]
  • Sister Elizabeth Kenny (1880-1952)
    Sister Elizabeth Kenny (1880-1952) Sister Elizabeth Kenny was born in the Australian Outback. Elizabeth was home schooled for a time and later attended school in New South Wales. She became interested in science, especially anatomy and physiology, while recovering from a broken wrist after a fall from a horse. Kenny trained as a nurse, not formally at a nursing school, but by apprenticeship with a local nurse midwife and with her mentor, Dr, Aineas McDonnell. She operated a clinic from her home and traveled to see patients by horseback. In 1911, she was first confronted with patients presenting with what turned out to be polio. She wired Dr. McDonnell asking for help and he answered, “…treat them according to the symptoms as they present themselves.” At the time, the treatment for polio involved encasing the patient in hard splints for long periods of time, with the hope of preventing deformity. Elizabeth Kenny noted that the muscles were very spastic, which she treated with heat, applied by way of heated, heavy woolen blanks wrapped around the spastic limbs. She developed a program of passive exercise to try to overcome paralysis. During WWI. Kenny served in the Australian Army nurse corps, where she was awarded the title of “Sister”. She used that title the rest of her life. After the war, she continued her community nursing and started to try to convince the medical establishment that her treatment methods resulted less often in paralysis after polio. The rejection of her methods was only partly due to suspicion of the actual technique.
    [Show full text]
  • Sister Elizabeth Kenny 1880 - 1952
    SISTER ELIZABETH KENNY 1880 - 1952 A Pioneer in the Time of Polio Elizabeth Kenny was born in New South Wales to Mary Moore and Irish farmer Michael Kenny. She received limited education at small primary schools in New South Wales and Queensland. About 1910 Kenny was a self-appointed nurse, working from the family home at Nobby on the Darling Downs, riding on horseback to give her services, without pay, to any who called her. In 1911 she used hot cloth fomentations to treat puzzling new cases, diagnosed as infantile paralysis (poliomyelitis). The patients recovered. Kenny then opened a cottage hospital at Clifton. During World War I, she was appointed staff nurse in the Australian Army Nursing Service, serving on troop ships bringing wounded soldiers home to Australia. In 1917 she was promoted to Sister, a title she used for the rest of her life. After the war she resumed her home nursing and became the first president of the Nobby chapter of the Country Women’s Association. In 1927 she patented the ‘Sylvia’ ambulance stretcher designed to reduce shock in the transport of injured patients. In 1932 Sister Kenny established a backyard clinic at Townsville to treat long-term poliomyelitis victims and cerebral palsy patients with hot baths, foments, passive movements, the discarding of braces and callipers and the encouragement of active movements. Doctors and masseurs ridiculed her, mainly because they considered her explanations of the lesions at the site of the paralysis bizarre. The controversy raged at a time when there was no vaccination for poliomyelitis. The strong- willed Kenny was opposed by a conservative medical profession, which disagreed with her recommendation to discard immobilisation.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 the Following Excerpt Has Been Taken from the Christopher & Dana Reeve Foundation Paralysis Resource Center Website. Http
    The following excerpt has been taken from the Christopher & Dana Reeve Foundation Paralysis Resource Center website. http://www.christopherreeve.org/site/c.mtKZKgMWKwG/b.4453219/k.CE80/PostPolio_Syndro me.htm Polio and Post-Polio Syndrome Poliomyelitis (infantile paralysis) has been eradicated from nearly every country in the world since the approval for use of the Salk (1955) and Sabin (1962) vaccines. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates there are 12 million people worldwide with some degree of disability caused by poliomyelitis. The National Center for Health Statistics estimates there are one million polio survivors in the United States. About 433,000 of them reported paralysis resulting in some form of impairment. For years most of these polio survivors lived active lives, their memory of polio long forgotten, their health status stable. By the late 1970s, polio survivors were noting new problems of fatigue, pain, breathing or swallowing problems, and additional weakness – medical professionals called this the "post-polio syndrome (PPS)." Some people experience PPS-related fatigue as a flu-like exhaustion that worsens as the day progresses. This type of fatigue can also increase during physical activity, and may cause difficulty with concentration and memory. Others experience muscle fatigue, a form of muscle weakness that increases with exercise and improves with rest. Current research indicates that the length of time one has lived with the residuals of polio is as much of a risk factor as chronological age. It also appears that individuals who experienced the most severe original paralysis with the greatest functional recovery are having more problems now than others with less severe original involvement.
    [Show full text]
  • {TEXTBOOK} Healing: a Womans Journey from Doctor To
    HEALING: A WOMANS JOURNEY FROM DOCTOR TO NUN PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Sister Dang Nghiem | 120 pages | 12 Nov 2010 | Parallax Press | 9781888375961 | English | Berkeley, United States : : Healing: A Woman's Journey from Doctor to Nun Then the patient "really has to think about health care as a commodity," Sister Mary Diana said. For example, "if they need an orthopedic surgeon, I have nowhere to send them," unless she can find a doctor who will agree to provide services for free. Like many health care providers, Sister Mary Diana is concerned about drastically weakened conscience protections being written into federal law. With this could come more obstetrics, gynecology and nursing programs effectively hanging out the "no Catholics need apply" shingle, by requiring all residents to learn abortion procedures. Send your thoughts and reactions to Letters to the Editor. Learn more here. Join now. Dominican nun, doctor strives to heal the whole person Oct 28, Dominican Sr. As both a sister and medical doctor, she continues the legacy of Catholic health care that has been firmly rooted in Middle Tennessee since the Daughters of Charity founded St. Join the Conversation Send your thoughts and reactions to Letters to the Editor. Dominican nun, doctor strives to heal the whole person. Dec 14, Why I gave my wedding dress to Carmelite monastery Dec 14, Rediscovering expectancy this Advent Dec 14, Pope's planned trip to Iraq raises coronavirus worries Dec 14, Sisters adapt food ministries to cope with pandemic, surge of those in need Dec 14, By what authority? May you take good care of yourself.
    [Show full text]
  • Elizabeth Kenny: Manual Therapy Innovator
    FINGERPRINT VOLUME 23 JANUARY 2020 Elizabeth Kenny: Manual Therapy Innovator by Debra Curties ’84 It is almost impossible for us to imagine the dread and panic caused by the recurring polio epidemics in the first half of the 20th century. They appeared randomly in the summer/fall, sometimes returning to the same locations, sometimes not. There was no understanding of the vector, no vaccine or cure, and no effective treatment. Children and young adults fell ill, some dying, some recovering well, many left with significant permanent disability. Working with Pat Benjamin to edit her wonderful book, The Emergence of the Massage Therapy Profession in North America: A History in Archetypes, refocused me from history-indifferent to recognizing how important it is for a profession to engage with its evolution story and the key themes that underlie its role and sense of purpose. One of the fascinating memes in manual therapy is the undertrained hands-on genius with a difficult personality who emerges in a moment of great need to challenge the prevailing medical approach and inspire real progress. Elizabeth Kenny is such a person. Kenny’s Formative Years Elizabeth Kenny (1880-1952) was born on her family’s farm in an outback area of Queensland, Australia. She was reportedly an independent, tomboyish child who meandered the bush country on foot and horseback. She received a limited education from homeschooling and small rural schools. As a teenager she fractured her wrist in a fall from her horse and was treated by a regional doctor in Toowoomba; she seems to have stayed at or near his clinic for some weeks as she recovered.
    [Show full text]
  • Florence Kendall and the Facts About "Sister" Kenny
    PIVOTAL MOMENTS: FLORENCE KENDALL AND THE FACTS ABOUT “SISTER” KENNY. Elizabeth Kendall McCreary Post-Polio Sequelae Monograph Series NY: random harvest, 2017 As early as 1931, Henry Kendall of Baltimore’s Children’s Hospital School recognized that immobilization of polio survivors with splints and casts was preventing muscle contractions and joint deformities but was not allowing muscles that still had functioning motor neurons to move again. With his wife, physical therapist Florence Kendall, the Kendalls recommended that initial splinting be followed by gentle massage of muscle spasms, stretching and careful muscle training. But in 1940 a self-taught “nurse,” Australian Elizabeth Kenny, came to America with a “new concept” for the cause and treatment of polio that she said was “diametrically opposed to those accepted throughout the medical world.” Thus Kenny was welcomed to America wielding misinformation about polio the disease and unnecessary boiling, blistering hot packs. Elizabeth Kendall McCreary, the Kendall’s daughter, recounts the battle between the Kendall’s scientific studies and clinical expertise versus the media’s extolling Kenny’s “alternative facts” about polio. Dr. Richard L. Bruno, Editor Florence Kendall and Elizabeth Kendall McCreary I want to share with you some stories of pivotal moments in Florence Kendall’s professional career. You may know her as “The Physical Therapist Elizabeth Kendall McCreary page 2 of the Century,” the #3 orthopedic physical therapist in the world (#1 in America, #1 woman), the recipient of numerous honorary doctorates and of all the top awards in her profession. But all the accolades, fame, celebrity, celebrations and applause that are associated with Florence Kendall weren’t always there for Florence or for her husband, Henry.
    [Show full text]
  • Lectures in Queensland History Series
    Selected lectures on Queensland History from the Lectures in Queensland History Series 30 November 2009 – 27 February 2012 Lectures in Queensland History Townsville City Council Published by Townsville City Council, PO Box 1268, Townsville, QLD, 4810 Published February 2013 Copyright Townsville City Council and the respective authors of each lecture. This book is copyright. Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of private study, research, criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright Act no part may be reproduced by any process without written permission. Inquiries should be addressed to the Publisher. All rights reserved. ISBN: 978-0-9807305-6-2 Editor: Annette Burns 2 Contents Acknowledgements 4 Foreword 5 The Visual Heritage of Australian South Sea Islanders ................................................. 7 Professor Clive Moore .................................................................................................... ‘Beautiful one day, perfect the next…’ Becoming Queensland 1859-1909 .................. 33 Professor Anna Haebich ................................................................................................. Exploration and Empire: Imperial rhetoric in published accounts of exploration of eastern Australia 1770-1860 ....................................................................................... 41 Dr Judith Jensen ............................................................................................................. Fencelines and Horizon Lines: Queensland in the Imaginary
    [Show full text]
  • Conquering the Crippler: Canada and the Eradication of Polio
    Conquering the Crippler CANADA AND THE ERADICATION OF POLIO Conquering the Crippler CANADA AND THE ERADICATION OF POLIO Christopher J. Rutty, PhD Historical Consultant, Health Heritage Research Services, Toronto Contact: www.healthheritageresearch.com Luis Barreto, MBBS, MD, MHSc Vice-President Public Affairs, sanofi pasteur ltd., Toronto Contact: [email protected] Rob Van Exan, PhD Director, Immunization Policy, sanofi pasteur ltd., Toronto Contact: [email protected] Shawn Gilchrist, BSc, MD, DTM&H, MSc Senior Medical Advisor, Public Policy, sanofi pasteur, Lyon, France Contact: [email protected] Publication of this insert to the Canadian Journal of Public Health was supported by sanofi pasteur ltd. The Canadian Public Health Association (CPHA) is a national, independent, not-for-profit, voluntary association representing public health in Canada with links to the international public health community. CPHA’s members believe in universal and equitable access to the basic conditions which are necessary to achieve health for all Canadians. CPHA’s mission is to constitute a special national resource in Canada that advocates for the improvement and maintenance of personal and community health according to the public health principles of disease prevention, health promotion and protection and healthy public policy. CPHA publishes the bi-monthly Canadian Journal of Public Health (CJPH). The CJPH is a professional, peer-reviewed journal carrying a wide variety of in-depth articles on all aspects of public health, including epidemiology, nutrition, family health, environmental health, sexually transmitted diseases, gerontology, behavioural medicine, rural health, health promotion and public health policy. Canadian Public Health Association 400 - 1565 Carling Avenue Ottawa ON, Canada K1Z 8R1 Tel: (613) 725-3769 Fax: (613) 725-9826 E-mail: [email protected] © Canadian Public Health Association, 2005 I-2 CANADA AND THE ERADICATION OF POLIO “There’s a Biblical story that says when the Israelites remembered God, they prospered.
    [Show full text]
  • The Effects of Polio on the American War Effort During World War II, 1941-1945" (2012)
    East Tennessee State University Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University Electronic Theses and Dissertations Student Works 5-2012 The nI visible Enemy: The ffecE ts of Polio on the American War Effort during World War II, 1941-1945 Jacob Owen Bryant East Tennessee State University Follow this and additional works at: https://dc.etsu.edu/etd Part of the Military History Commons Recommended Citation Bryant, Jacob Owen, "The nI visible Enemy: The Effects of Polio on the American War Effort during World War II, 1941-1945" (2012). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. Paper 1404. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1404 This Thesis - Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Works at Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Invisible Enemy: The Effects of Polio on the American War Effort during World War II, 1941-1945 _____________________ A thesis presented to the faculty of the Department of History East Tennessee State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Master of Arts in History _____________________ by Jacob Owen Bryant May 2012 _____________________ Dr. Stephen Fritz, Chair Dr. Emmett Essin Dr. Henry Antkiewicz Keywords: Poliomyelitis, World War II, National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis, Military Medicine, Infectious Disease ABSTRACT The Invisible Enemy: The Effects of Polio on the American War Effort during World War II, 1941-1945 by Jacob Owen Bryant This thesis looks at the social, political, and military effects of epidemic polio on America’s war effort during World War II.
    [Show full text]